Cimic Nrf-Requirements (Ttp 7)

NATO UNCLASSIFIED AM 86-1-1 Version: 04 January 2011

CHAPTER 7

CIMIC NRF-REQUIREMENTS (TTP 7)

7-.1 Introduction .a The NATO Response Force (NRF) concept is designed “to provide a rapid demonstration of force and the early establishment of a NATO military presence in support of an Article 5 or Crisis Response Operation”.

.b The NRF will be made up of three elements: ()1 an operational command and control (C2) element based on a Joint Force Commander (JFC), his HQ main (static) and its Deployable Joint Staff Element (DJSE); ()2 an Immediate Response Force (IRF), comprising pre-designated tactical C2 elements, plus a selection of forces; ()3 a Response Forces Pool (RFP) holding additional nominated forces.

.c Depending on the mission, CIMIC staff and CIMIC forces/assets can be an integral part of the composition of the NRF. The CIMIC part of the force will be tailored to meet the operational tasking.

.d In general the CIMIC Element will be a part of the Joint Theatre Troops. This element will also be held at graduated readiness. The readiness states will be kept under annual review and will be amended depending on the strategic situation.

7-2. Aim. The aim of this TTP is to promote a common understanding of (possible) CIMIC (roles) in the NRF and to give guidance and tools to CIMIC staff and personnel for the application of CIMIC during NRF preparation and deployment.

7-3. CIMIC Doctrinal Linkage.

.a Strategic Level Doctrine. The military concept for the NRF is laid down in MC 4771; the NATO doctrine for CIMIC is contained within AJP-9.

.b Doctrinal Linkage. The core themes of NATO CIMIC doctrine remain key within NRF CIMIC doctrine. NRF LCC G9 Branch is the focus for all CIMIC matters within NRF LCC.

7-4. CIMIC Responsibilities within NRF.

a. General. The main effort of the NRF CIMIC staff is to examine possible impacts of the military operation on the civilian environment and vice versa. CIMIC will support the mission through liaison, co-operation and co-ordination with key civilian actors, by ensuring maximum freedom of action, by de- 1 MC 477: Military Concept for the NATO Response Force, dated 10 Apr 2003.

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conflicting Host Nation Support (HNS, conducted by G4 Rear Support Command (RSC) or Joint Logistics Support Group (JLSG)) and by carrying out the necessary Civil Military Resource Coordination (CMRC). CIMIC staffs are required to establish and maintain visibility of the civilian environment, produce assessments and advise the NRF commander.

b. The Spectrum of CIMIC activities within the NRF-Scenarios. Depending upon the operational situation CIMIC has to prepare for a broad spectrum of tasks that are described in detail in the annexes as indicated below:

(1) Contribute to the preservation of territorial integrity (annex A);

(2) Demonstrative force package (annex B);

(3) Peace support operations (annex C);

(4) Embargo operations (annex D);

(5) Disaster relief (annex E);

(6) Protection of critical infrastructure (annex F);

(7) Security operations (annex A);

(8) As part of a larger force, the NRF could also be used to conduct initial entry operations (annex G).

c. CIMIC responsibilities within the functional organisation of the NRF HQ LCC.

(1) CIMIC is responsible for delineation of civil-military tasks, including structuring of the work, providing Direction and Guidance (D&G) and supervision of the execution.

(2) CIMIC establishes and maintains the cooperation between the military components and external civilian authorities, actors and population including IOs, NGOs and/or GOs.

(3) CIMIC advises COM LCC with regard to Joint Civilian Commissions and subordinate Working Group issues, in order to facilitate and enable CIMIC aspects.

(4) CIMIC represents COM LCC and COS CP FWD in meetings in accordance with the (extended) KLE/Liaison Matrix.

(5) CIMIC provides planning and tasking to the CIMIC Support Unit and to other subordinate units, if required.

(6) LCC CIMIC provides input to the Liaison Matrix of DJTF.

(7) CIMIC ensures timely and appropriate CIMIC reporting.

(8) CIMIC co-ordinates and synchronises the CIMIC activities between CP FWD OPS & PLANS CIMIC and RSC G9, when deployed.

(9) CIMIC advises COM LCC and his staff on all aspects of CIMIC activities by providing adequate expertise.

(10) CIMIC provides functional guidance to the staff.

7-5. CIMIC Capabilities.

a. Personnel.

(1) G9 structure within Peace Establishment (PE). In peacetime, the G9 Branch is normally sub-divided into three distinct functional sections, the Plans-, Ops- and the Liaison Section.

(2) G9 structure within Crisis Establishment (CE). During operations, the G9-Branch is integrated into each HQ or forward element that may be deployed. The branch structure is mission dependant, although broadly conforming to the following distinct functional areas: Current Operations, Plans, Liaison and Database/Info Management.

(3) G9 manning in the NRF. The NRF operational capability with regard to manning derives from the Peace Establishment (PE). The PE, being minimal in number, only has limited capability for covering its main objectives such as the rapid projection of a CIMIC footprint into theatre and (for a limited duration) the conduct of mission support tasks including the development of the CIMIC Liaison Architecture. Consequently, at the pre-operational phase, based on mission analysis, the Statement of Requirement (SOR) for force generation has to reflect the need to augment the NRF organic CIMIC capability with the appropriate notice to move. The speed and composition of augmentation will always be mission dependant.

(4) Interpreters / translators. In an NRF context interpreters and translators are crucial for the Fact Finding Teams (FFT) and LOs in all scenarios. Usually G1 is responsible for providing interpreters/translators. Constraints arise in context with the provision of translators and interpreters, not knowing the relevant languages prior to a NRF-deployment. When contracting local civilians, a contest with other organizations should be avoided through close co-ordination and common agreements on their salary.

(5) CIMIC Training / Education. NRF CIMIC staff undergoes formal training in NATO CIMIC in accordance with their job descriptions. The

two-week Basic NATO CIMIC Course, which provides orientation and fundamental knowledge on CIMIC, should be attended by every member of the CIMIC staff and by every member of the staff dealing with CIMIC. Even key personnel of G3/G5 Plans and G3 Ops should receive a basic CIMIC education during the NRF training period.

(6) Limitations. The size of CIMIC PE staff limits the operational capability that can be delivered. Whereas PE staff can project CIMIC support into an operation within the readiness timeframe according to the NRF requirements, they are unable to conduct the full range of CIMIC activities and to sustain a CIMIC capability for long periods of time either. The key limitation concerns the function of liaison, the essential range of which is heavily depending upon augmentation (e.g. pool of double hatted officers to be created/trained within the NRF-responsible HQ).

(7) An overview of (pre-) operational activities that will be executed by the various G9 Sections / Groupings within the NRF staff are depicted in annexes H and I to this TTP.

b. Material.

(1) Equipment. In conjunction with the Commanders’ Planning Group (CPG) analysis the G9 Branch considers the equipment requirements to identify possible shortfalls and the appropriate resources to provide the assets. Basic equipment has to cover the primary needs of establishing efficient and effective liaison architecture.

(2) Funding. Having a budget available for Quick Impact Projects (QIPs) in support of COM LCC is considered an Essential Operational Requirement. Funding through the national chain of command needs to be requested prior to the deployment as no NATO funding is foreseen for the time being.

7-6. Force Generation Issues. The Force Generation process is a fundamental activity taking place during NRF preparation. During the pre-operational / pre- deployment stage the NRF-responsible HQ determines, based on the CPG mission analysis, the requirement for a proposed force package to manage the mission. The G9 representative within the CPG provides advice on the Civilian-Military dimension of the military mission and advice on the CIMIC assets required. He will primarily focus on the requirement for augmentation, the establishment of the NRF CIMIC Liaison Architecture and the need for any additional NRF CIMIC assets and/or NRF CIMIC Centre. This initial augmentation will be requested from the different nations of the NRF-responsible HQ. If necessary, other nations will then be contacted to provide additional augmentation. The augmentation is of course limited to the size of the CIMIC-pool dedicated to NRF.

7-7. Deployment Groupings. For NRF missions the NRF-responsible HQs normally do not use the standard HRF(L) CE CPs (TAC CP, Main CP, Rear CP). Adjusting the CP Concept for the NRF, the NRF HQ LCC consists of the following CPs and elements:

a. Home Base HQ (HB HQ) or Permanent HQ (PHQ). In addition to the ongoing peacetime duties the HB HQ / PHQ supports the deployed NRF CPs, acts as liaison towards the higher echelon and the other CCs and monitors the NRF deployment (Situation Centre). In the HB HQ / PHQ the staff of HQ LCC is represented with normal PE branches, but reduced in number and in some cases merged with each other. A CIMIC representative will be part of the HB HQ.

b. Fact Finding Team (FFT) or Operational Liaison and Reconnaissance Team (OLRT). The FFT / OLRT are the initial NRF presence in the theatre of operations. It aims at facilitating more detailed planning and at setting the conditions for possible force protection. It includes at least one G9 representative. The G9-part of the FFT / OLRT has to establish initial liaison contacts and to identify possible future liaison requirements, in order to facilitate the implementation of the full CIMIC Liaison Architecture. In support of OPP being conducted the FFT / OLRT-member/s is/are heavily involved in the information gathering process, following the generic NRF Requests for Information (RFIs) which have been detailed to theatre/country specific issues prior to FFT / OLRT deployment. In accordance with the Reach-Back principle the FFT / OLRT member/s report/s information back to the G9 NRF PE staff in the PHQ, who assess and process information in order to contribute to the ongoing planning process.

c. NRF LCC CP Forward (CP FWD). The CP FWD is a small multi- functional HQ with C2 assets and facilities, which enable command and control in theatre. It focuses on operational aspects containing all functional areas, short and medium term planning of the operations and controlling current operations at the NRF LCC level. The CP FWD is in lead of the operational planning and execution of LCC operations in the theatre. Although relying on the Reach-Back capability, it is essential that the G9 component of the CP FWD is capable of conducting the full spectrum of CIMIC activities. In all operations it is likely that the bulk of the G9 PE staff deploys at this point.

d. Rear support Command CP (RSC CP). The RSC CP will only deploy when a Joint Logistic Support Group (JLSG) is not deployed. It deploys either in the AOO or in a staging country in the JOA. The RSC CP contains permanent G9 representation focusing on liaison and Civilian Military Resources Co- ordination (CMRC) issues. Being backed up by Reach-Back capability this G9 component is capable of conducting the full spectrum of CIMIC activities, generally in a friendly environment.

7-8. CIMIC Support Unit (CSU). Within the LCC Force Structure a CSU may be attached. The CSU is mission tailored, multinational or national in composition and may be reinforced by Functional Specialists. The CSU deploys Project-, Liaison-, Recce Teams, as well as personnel running CIMIC Centres. The appropriate and timely equipment of the CSU with armoured vehicles and communication assets is vital. A possible structure of the CSU within CIMIC is depicted in TTP 2.

7-9. G9 Operating Procedures.

a. Manuals/SOPs/SOIs. TTPs provide NRF CIMIC personnel with tactical, technical and procedural guidance and assistance in the conduct of CIMIC in NRF as a NATO operation. The SOPs and SOIs, have to be based on the TTPs and adapted for the NRF in order to provide standing operating procedures and instructions within the HQ.

b. Reporting. In the Decision Making Process commanders and staff must have visibility over both the military and the civil situation. The role of the CIMIC staff is to monitor, assess and report areas of operational interest. ASSESSREP and CIMICREP are used as means to provide reporting consistency throughout the NRF chain of command.

c. Procedures for Supporting IOs/NGOs/Civil authorities. In general the NRF facilitates the work of IO/NGOs/Civil authorities. Only in urgency and/or if requested the NRF has to support IOs/NGOs within means and capabilities. In order to optimize co-operation with IOs/NGOs the format of a “Request for CIMIC support” is attached as annex J to this TTP.

7-10. Summary.

a. In NRF CIMIC is everyone’s business and has an impact across the spectrum of conflict, although the focus will change in line with the mission. CIMIC staffs at all levels of command have an important contribution to make to their Commander's planning and decision making process. Therefore CIMIC is not an exclusive discipline, but one that is fully integrated into the military mission.

b. The general CIMIC principles and tools are applicable in NRF as well, but in accordance with the different NRF-scenarios the CIMIC requirements are to be tailor-made regarding CIMIC structures, procedures, responsibilities and activities.

Annex A to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in contributing to the preservation of territorial integrity and security operations. a. Scenario. The NRF could deploy as a stand-alone force for crisis response such as the contribution of territorial integrity and security operations. b. Potential tasks

(1) Joint Force Commanders and their eventual substructure should:

(a) Provide competent CIMIC staff personnel

(b) Should play a proactive role in standardising CIMIC skills within their areas.

(c) Promulgate appropriate directives and guidance, including planning guidelines and contribution to planning activity.

(d) Conduct CIMIC assessments and use them in the operational planning.

(e) Ensure appropriate liaison with the HQ in the JOA.

(2) Mission Theatre Commanders should:

(a) Ensure CIMIC staff are provided with commander’s direction and guidance, able to develop guidance for subordinate level.

(b) Ensure the use of NATO CIMIC doctrine and develop theatre specific CIMIC procedures.

(c) Ensure CIMIC input is included in planning.

(d) Ensure CIMIC is conducted in support of the mission.

(e) Ensure national or multi-national CIMIC assets are integrated.

(f) Plan and prepare for transition.

(3) Tactical Level

(a) General Tasks

(i) Use of provided CIMIC assets.

(ii) Establishment of CIMIC facilities (if applicable).

(iii) Conduct CIMIC field work and all other CIMIC activities laid out in the operational plan.

(b) Potential Specific Tasks during the Pre Operational Stage

(i) Assess the civil situation in the mission theatre and contribute to the common operational picture.

(ii) Assist in the assessment and planning of contingency planning. Work with all other staff branches to ensure that all civil related factors are incorporated into the planning process.

(iii) Use existing relationships with civil actors to conduct integrated planning.

(iv) Provide advice on the civil situation and the effect of military operations on the civilian population and organizations and vice versa.

(v) Prepare educational material for the force on likely civil conditions and brief staff re-enforcements.

(vi) Train and educate CIMIC personnel and integrate CIMIC in pre-deployment training.

(vii) Determine commander’s critical information requirements and promulgate to NATO commands and contributing nations with collection capabilities.

(viii) Establish and maintain the exchange of information with civil actors. Civilian sources will often provide information of operational relevance. Subject to security considerations, it is likely to be of mutual benefit to pass information in both directions. When the military will provide unclassified information, relevant security information must be declassified.

(ix) Plan and prepare for transition.

Annex B to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in a Demonstrative Force Package (DEM). a. Scenario. The NRF may deploy as Demonstrative Force Package (DEM). A Demonstrative Force Package is deployed in order to show the resolve of member nations (quick response operations to support diplomacy as required). b. Potential tasks. This scenario is very challenging for G9, since the requirements for CIMIC elements are heavily depending on the humanitarian situation (refugees, displaced people, and humanitarian emergency, civil actors) but could be initially identified as:

(1) To liaise to the national, regional and local authorities.

(2) To liaise to the IO / NGOs already deployed or to be deployed in the AOO.

(3) To advise the TAC COM LCC on civil – military issues.

(4) To support Info Ops campaign. c. Capabilities

(1) CIMIC staff with Ops, Plans & Assessment.

(2) CIMIC unit based on Tactical Support Team (TST) and functional specialists.

(3) CIMIC Centre(s).

(4) Interpreters.

Annex C to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in a Crisis Response Operation (CRO).

Reference: MC 327/2 (NATO Military Policy for Non Article 5 Crisis Response Operations, dated 29 August 2001. . a. Scenario. The NRF can deploy as a stand-alone force for crisis response such as a Crisis Response Operation, including Peacekeeping (MC 477). Non Article 5 operations are intended to respond to such crises (potential crises at an early stage), including the containment of hostilities, in a timely and coordinated manner where these crises could either affect the security of NATO nations or threaten the stability and lead to conflict on the periphery of the Alliance (AJP-01). b. Potential tasks

(1) To establish and maintain liaison to the civil actors and IO/NGOs.

(2) To assess the theatre capabilities, mainly as far as the key factors are concerned.

(3) To initiate CIMIC activities to cover possible gaps.

(4) To coordinate the support to the civil environment.

(5) To assist / support the IO/NGOs in the provision of aid and relief.

(6) To deal with the possible flow of DPREs, Refugees and / or evacuees.

(7) To support within means and capabilities, and to provide, if required, a safe evacuation of non-combatants. c. Capabilities

(1) CIMIC Liaison Team(s).

(4) CIMIC Support Unit (CSU).

(6) Interpreters.

Annex D to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in an Embargo (EMB) Operation. a. Scenario. The NRF can deploy as a stand-alone force for crisis response such as an Embargo Operation (EMB)(MC 477). An Embargo is designed to force a country to obey international law or to comply with a UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR). b. Potential tasks. To assess the impact of measures taken in context with the EMB on the civil environment. c. Capabilities. Mission tailored elements, where CIMIC staff and liaison elements may be included, depending on the situation.

Annex E to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in Disaster relief. a. Scenario. The NRF could deploy as a stand-alone force for crisis response such as support in Disaster relief. A humanitarian operation is defined as a mission conducted to alleviate human suffering, especially in circumstances where responsible authorities in the area are unable or possibly unwilling, to provide adequate support to the population. (…) Such operations may be in response to earthquakes, floods, famine and radioactive, biological or chemical contamination. They may be as well a consequence of war or political, religious or ethnic persecution (AJP-01). b. Potential tasks.

(1) To liaise to the local authorities and the IO/NGOs, if any, and to share information.

(2) To support the Force.

(3) To support the civil environment, by acting as a facilitator in different domains such as distribution of food, DPREs management, information on hazards, etc… (e.g. assistance in the reconstruction of infrastructure, coordination of the use of local resources). c. Capabilities.

(5) CIMIC Support Unit (CSU)

(6) Interpreters.

Annex F to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in Protection of critical infrastructure. a. Scenario. The NRF can deploy as a stand-alone force for crisis response such as Protection of critical infrastructure. Counter Terrorism encompasses all measures taken to neutralize terrorism before and after hostile acts. Such measures include those counterforce activities justified for the defence of individuals, containment measures implemented by military forces or civilian organizations and support to Info Ops campaign. b. Potential tasks. If CIMIC elements are involved in a Counter Terrorism Operation (CTO), their main focus is on liaison to national, regional and local HN authorities, on dealing with possible casualties and victims of the terrorist actions and on legitimating the deployment of the military forces. c. Capabilities. Mission tailored elements, where CIMIC staff and liaison elements may be included, pending on the situation.

Annex G to TTP 7

Spectrum of NRF-CIMIC activities in an Initial Entry (IE) Operation. a. Scenario. The NRF can deploy as an Initial Entry Force (IEF) (MC 477) An IE Operation seeks to facilitate the arrival of the follow-on forces in a JOA from a benign to a hostile environment, with or without host nation support (HNS) (e.g. Peace Enforcement). b. Potential tasks.

(1) To ensure unity of effort between civil and military activities in the JOA.

(2) To facilitate HNS by liaison and assessment.

(3) To establish and maintain liaison to local authorities, UN representatives and IO/NGOs.

(4) To assist IO/NGOs in restoring the economic infrastructure and the provision of aid.

(5) To support within means and capabilities, and to provide, if required, a safe evacuation of non-combatants.

(6) To deal with humanitarian relief, if required.

(7) To deal with complex religious / cultural / social / considerations. c. Capabilities.

(5) CIMIC Support Unit (CSU).

(6) Interpreters.

Annex H to TTP 7

Overview of G9 Pre-operational Activities in NRF.

ACTWARN ACTORD

G9 Sections/ Activities Groupings G9 Plans Mission CIMIC Review/refine Inputs to plans Analysis, Assessment, planning, / Annex W Force identify Info Generation gaps / RFIs, (SOR), collect task FFT/ countries’ OLRT, input information, to CPG develop Liaison Architecture G9 Ops Contribute to Analyse Analyse Analyse Mission reports from reports from reports from Analysis FFT/ OLRT FFT/ OLRT, FFT/ OLRT, input into input into SOFA, MOU, Soldier’s TA,… handbook G9 Liaison Contribute to Activities Activities Activities countries’ within FFT/ within FFT/ within FFT/ information OLRT OLRT OLRT collection FFT/ OLRT Prepare Deploy, report Start to RFIs / Info deployment establish the exchange Liaison Architecture, report

Annex I to TTP 7

Overview of G9 Operational Activities in NRF.

Key Areas of Operation Activities Freedom of Action/Movement Co-ordinate plan for minimizing civilian interference Public Safety Identify capability gaps in the HN CEP DPRE Return Identify key people and groups Key Civil Infrastructure Provide the Protected Target List Key Civil Life Support Identify IO/NGOs’ & CEP capability gaps Civil Administration Identify key gaps Humanitarian Facilitate initial post-conflict response

Annex J to TTP 7

Request for CIMIC Support (Part 1)

CONTROL NUMBER DATE: / /

1. ORIGINATOR :

VALIDATED BY :

SUBJECT :

TIME RECORDED :

FOR ACTION :

FOR INFORMATION :

2. STATUS *: IN ACTION COMPLETED STOPPED

PRIORITY *: IMMEDIATE FLASH ROUTINE

* PLEASE UNDERLINE YOUR SELECTION

3. COORDINATES & ACTIVITIES

Location Type: Location Name: Location Identification: Geo : UTM :

LOCATION DETAILS :

1. REQUIRED INFORMATION:

a) WHO (Requestor):

b) WHERE

 Pick up Point (PuP):

 Delivering point:

c) WHEN

 DTG to be carried out  Foreseen duration of the support

d) WHAT (Which is the nature of the request?)

Nature of Request:

e) HOW (Just in case of request for transportation)

Yes No Quantity Bulk staff Pallets Container Bulk water Bulk fuel Bottled water Others

 Weight  Volume  Pallets (All the pallets are equal)  YES. Measures/-/ Weight/-/ Volume/-/ /-/ /-/ /-/  NO. Quantity/-/Measures/-/ Weight/-/ Volume /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/ /-/

 Handling equipment is required?

f) WHO (Coordination):

 POC in PuP point

 POC in delivering point

 POC to Operation

5. REMARKS:

Decision Making Process (Part 2)

6. G9 PLANS ASSESSMENT (Opportunity)

7. G3 ASSESSMENT (Operational Impact)

8. G4 ASSESSMENT (Logistic Impact & Implications)

9. G2 THREAT ASSESSMENT

10. G8 FINANCIAL REPERCUSSIONS

11. ENGINEERS ASSESSMENT

12. MEDAD ASSESSMENT

13. G3 AIR ASSESSMENT (if required)

14. ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN

15. G9 PLANS OVERALL ASSESSMENT

16. G9 CHIEF RECOMMENDATIONS

17. COS DECISION

Date and Signature

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