Year 8 Revision Booklet

Year 8 –Revision Booklet

European Union

1. Complete the cloze exercise using the words below. Then learn the paragraph.

27; Euro; United Kingdom; Germany; France; European Union; Poland; Spain; united Kingdom; 72; Pound; USA.

The …………………. …………….. is an organisation of European countries. It has ………

members including ………………………, ………………………………….,

………………………….., ………………………….., …………………………….. Some members

have a single currency called the ………………………. but the

Europe

2. Use an atlas or the internet to write the names of 15 countries, 5 capital cities and 5 physical features (e.g. rivers, mountains, seas or oceans) on the map below. Learn the location of all of these. Plate tectonics

rock; plates; edges; earthquakes; crust ; mantle; moving; centimeters

The earth’s…………………. …. is made up of ………………called ………………

These float like rafts on the ………………………and can move a few

………………………every year. On the surface of the earth there is a lot of tension

because the plates are …………………………….. but volcanoes and

………………………. occur at the……………………………of plates. 4. Add labels to the diagram to show the different layers that make up planet earth.

5. Draw a labelled diagram to show the main features of a volcano. Lean the diagram. Natural Disasters

6. Write about a natural disaster of your choice.

There is information on the Indian Ocean Tsuami on the following page if you wish to write about this disaster.

Describe what happened and where

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………

Explain the causes

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Describe the impacts and the relief effort .

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. Case study: Indian ocean Tsunami

What and where?

On 26 December 2004 a tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. It was the result of the Indio- Australian Plate sub-ducting below the Eurasian Plate. It was caused by an earthquake measuring more than magnitude 9. The earthquake caused the seafloor to uplift, displacing the seawater above. • In open ocean the tsunami measured less than 1 metre high. • The tsunami travelled at speeds up to 800km per hour. • When the Tsunami reached the shores, the height of the wave increased to 15 metres in some areas.

Map of the Indian Ocean Tsumani

What causes a tsunami?

When an earthquake, volcano or landslide happens on the ocean floor, water is displaces. This water forms the start of the tsunami. When the waves reach shallower water: • Their height can increase by several metres • the shallow water slows the wave • And the waves get closer together It is hard to see that a tsunami is approaching. The most obvious sign is the coastal water retreats just before the waves reach the shore. This is actually the trough of the wave following behind. Main impacts

• A quarter of a million people died. • Two million people were made homeless. • People were swept away in the waters, which arrived rapidly and with little warning. • Thirteen countries were affected, the worst being Indonesia. • Indonesia was hit by the tsunami first. Fourty-five minutes later the tsunami reached Thailand. • Mangrove swamps helped to act as a barrier to reduce the energy of the water in some areas. • Short-term aid, such as water purification tablets, temporary housing and medical supplies were given from international countries. • Islands reliant on tourism and fishing, such as the Maldives, had to rebuild their industries. • An early warning system between countries surrounding the Indian Ocean has been set up. Weather

7. Using the weather map below, describe the weather over the UK.

Top tips!

 Places names e.g. Wales, Scotland, England.

 Figures (numbers) from the map

 Compass directions to describe areas or wind direction e.g. north eastern England.

 Weather words e.g. cloudy with sunny spells.

 Grammar, spelling and punctuation. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………… Keywords

8. Complete the keywords sheet. Use the answers below to kelp you.

Focus Footpath erosion precipitation Core

Richter scale Snowdon Barometer conflict

Isobar Honeypot site earthquake Bird watching

High air pressure Walking Tsunami Tornado

Hurricane Horse riding Conservation Migration

Kayaking Plate tectonics Rock climbing Cumulus National parks

Brecon beacons; honeypot; footpath erosion; mountainous; summer; tourist; traffic

congestion; protected.

A National Park is a ……………………………………………………….. area. Most of the UK’s parks are in ………………………………………………… regions. Many ……………………. visit National Parks especially in ……………………………………………. Sometimes too many tourist causes problems such as ………………………...... and …………………………………………. .The most popular parts of the parks e.g. waterfalls, lakes, peaks are known as …………………………………….. sites. The nearest National Park to us is ………………………………………………………………

10.Draw a graph to show the following information.

Top Tips for drawing graphs Remember you can draw any graph you like. But more marks will be given  Accurate scale to drawing a pie chart.

 Label axis But only if the pie chart is draw correctly.  Space between bars

 Neat 11.Match the problem with the correct solution

Problem Solution

Traffic congestion No go areas

Damage to nesting areas Park and ride (bus)

Footpath erosion Better signs

People getting lost Alternative routes

12.Explain how the following would help.

a) Park and ride …………………………………………………………………………………….....

………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

b) Footpath repairs …………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Restricted areas (no go areas) ………………………………………………………………….

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Signs, map and more wardens …………………………………………………………………

………………………..,………………………………………………………………………………

13.The cost of building a new visitor centre is £80,000.

Customers would be charged £6.00 per day for use of the centre and car park.

On average there will be 500 visitors per month.

How many years would it take for the visitors centre to be paid for?

(you must show your workings)

3. Calculate how much money would be 2. Calculate how much money 1. How many years would it take to made in a month? would be made in a year? make £80,000? Round up.