PROVISIONAL FRAMING of the DIFFERENT APPROACHES to RACE, CLASS and GENDER ( Making Choices

PROVISIONAL FRAMING OF THE DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO RACE, CLASS AND GENDER (Making Choices for Multicultural Education, Sleeter and Grant, 1993)

ORGANIZATION INDIVIDUAL HUMAN CAPITAL HUMAN RESOURCE SINGLE-GROUP MULTICULTURAL 1950’s 1970’s 1980’s 1990’s Problem Organizational Organizational Individual Individual coherence to character Correspondence to Coherence to assigned correspondence to group goals assigned goals goals group goals Independent Institution Individual Group State/Organization Variable Dependent Individual Institution State/Nation Group Variable Entities that can be Distinct entities whose Representatives of their Products of group People are … molded and reshaped in differences need to be group dynamics the interests of the molded and brought organization together Deficiency “Can’t we all just get Cultural Nationalism “be all you can be” Metaphor Boot Camp along” (Rodney King) “it’s a ____ thing” Individuals can be Individual identity need Individual identity is Individual identity is Individual “stripped” of their to be recognized and closely tied to their closely tied to personal implications identities in the molded to fit the needs group history history interests of the whole of the institution Level of Individual Character Institutional Needs Group Identity Group Dynamics Focus Another Great Wall / Pyramids Each piece’s unique All the pieces are the Each piece unique form [piece] in the where each piece is to characteristics are piled same is maintained and Wall cut to fit to together molded to fit together Policy Organizational Organizational Organizational Organizational Concerns Performance Discipline Compliance Composition Policy Focus Group Standards Standards Maintenance Group Recognition Difference Recognition Evaluation Organizational Individual performance Individual Action Relative Performances Focus Composition Class/School/National Education Standardized tests Performance on Cultural Competency Diversity Principles Standardized tests Reintegration Results Stratification Segmentation Balkanization “normalization” Athletics Vince Lombardi Don Shula Star system 49ers West Coast power football and the Changing of character Focus on “talent” Offense: team looks to players reflect the of the team based on select players who fill coach personnel specific niches ACADEMIC Assimilation Stratification Internal Colonialism Cultural Pluralism Traditions Differentiated labor Metaphor Deficiency Nationalism Melting Pot markets Omi & Ethnicity Class Nation Racial Formations Winant