Responding to the Video: Segment 1 & 3

Segment 1: English: A Living Language. 1. English is the native tongue of about people and the second language for about 300 million more people.

2. The English language is part of the language family.

3. were the peoples who settled the land known as Engla land and were most responsible for the development of the English language.

4. The introduction of more than nine hundred words to English by the Vikings proved the of the English language.

5. The Norman conquerors of England used as the official language, but the common people used English.

6. By the time of Middle English, the language had changed the way it formed and had stopped using masculine and feminine genders.

7. was the first great writer who wrote in common spoken English.

8. As a result of the printing press, literacy rose and the language began to be

9. Between 1500 and 1600, a major change in the development of English occurred that is known as

10. This change is reflected in the language of William Shakespeare, who wrote in

Connecting to the Historical Period: Consider the early history of England and the video to answer the following questions. 1. Why is Beowulf significant in the history of the English language? When and where was it written?

2. What contribution did King Alfred make to Old English?

3. How did William the Conqueror’s policy of ruling the Anglo-Saxons affect the English language?

4. How did the power and influence of the Catholic Church during the medieval period influence the history of the English language?

Segment 3: A Tribal Legacy Fill in the blanks using the word list. Not all the words on the list will be used. refined and sophisticated women Denmark and Germany great hall Egypt and Greece William Edward economic system Bonfire Responding to the Video: Segment 1 & 3 ship Roman Empire Ireland and Wales great deeds charitable acts Harold II cemetery poets 1. was the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.

2. He claimed the throne upon the death of his brother-in-law, .

3. The Anglo-Saxons had come from over 500 years before the Norman invasion.

4. The Anglo-Saxons had taken advantage of the collapse of the to plunder England before settling there.

5. The focus of Anglo-Saxon life was the where the whole community could gather for meetings and celebrations.

6. Anglo-Saxon held positions of status and importance.

7. Immortality was thought to be achieved by doing and being recognized for them.

8. Archaeological information shows the Saxons had a culture.

9. In 1939, an archaeologist discovered the remnants of a large at Sutton Hoo.

10. The discovery showed that the Saxons traded with countries as distant as

Identifying the Main Idea. A paragraph is usually defined as a group of sentences that develops a main idea. It may have a topic sentence and several supporting sentences or it may develop a main idea without stating it in a topic sentence. Read the paragraphs below and state in a complete sentence the main idea of each paragraph.

1. The early groups inhabiting England had separate religions, which prevented any sense of unity or actual unification of the country. Christian missionaries, mostly from Ireland and the European continent, came to England in the sixth century to try to convert the Anglo-Saxons. Over time they gained a little – and eventually great – success. The emergence of Christianity as a dominant religion ultimately made it possible for Alfred the Great to unify the country.

2. Many Anglo-Saxon words remain in our language today. The gods Worden and Thor appear in the days of the week Wednesday and Thursday. Many other common words in our language, such as house, man, wife, go, loud, soft, good, and drink, are also Anglo-Saxon in origin. The Anglo-Saxon language became the foundation of English as we use it today, not only because of the words it gave us, but also because it set the form of our grammar.

3. The Celtic culture that preceded Anglo-Saxon occupation of England included highly refined arts. Celtic design is imaginative and distinctive and is still much admired today. The earliest remains of the culture are metal artifacts Responding to the Video: Segment 1 & 3 found in Austria, dating from between 800 and 850 B.C. Later remnants were found in Switzerland; these include ornamentation that was used in Celtic metal and stonework and manuscript illumination for a thousand years.

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4. Beowulf was written in what is known as Old English, the earliest form of English. Old English evolved into Middle English, the language in which Chaucer wrote. Further evolution brought about the English we speak today; at every stage, many words from other languages were incorporated into English. English is still constantly evolving.