Electronic Textbooks

ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS

Kayumova Nigora Mukhtarovna Teacher of the Bukhara state university

In this article advantages, possibilities of electronic textbooks, and also their application reveal. Keywords: electronic textbook, software, multimedia, hypertext. В данной статье раскрываются преимущества, возможности электронных учебников, а также их применение. Ключевые слова: электронный учебник, программное обеспечение, мультимедиа, гипертекст.

The electronic textbook is the automated training system including didactic, methodical and directory materials on a subject matter and also the software which allows to use in a complex them for independent obtaining and control of knowledge. Electronic textbooks were initially developed for the organization of remote education. However eventually thanks to the opportunities of training they outgrew this scope of application. The electronic textbook on a laser disk can be used absolutely independently and independently both for self-education, and as a methodological support of any course now, as well as the usual paper textbook. In order that the electronic textbook became popular, it has to be universal, that is equally suitable both for self-education, and for stationary training, full according to contents, highly informative, skillfully written and well issued. Such textbook can be offered studying any, and it can, be essential help for the teacher at the organization to them classes in self-training of pupils go students, and also carrying out offsets and examinations in separate objects. To use the paper textbook in comparison with electronic it is more convenient, the electronic textbook gained great popularity thanks to the functionality recently. We will consider advantages of the electronic textbook in comparison with simple typographical. The organization of educational information in the form of the hypertext. The hypertext - a possibility of creation of the "live", interactive training material supplied with mutual references to various parts of material. The hypertext gives the chance to divide material into a large number of fragments, having connected them hyperlinks in logical chains. And then on the basis of one material issued as appropriate modeling of "own" textbooks for each pupil, depending on his level of training, speed of assimilation and interests. Existence of multimedia − the richest arsenal of ways of an illustration of the studied phenomenon. Products of multimedia apply diverse kinds of information: computer data, TV and video information, speech and music. Such association leads to use of various technical devices of registration and the reproduction of information allowing control from the computer of the TV, the videorecorder, the HiFi-audio system, the CD player (CD), the tape recorder and electronic musical instruments. Multimedia means by the nature are interactive, that is the viewer, and the listener of multimedia products doesn't remain passive. Multimedia increases quality of training and allows to keep attention of the trainee. If earlier the worn-out black-and-white picture "Actions of the Population in the conditions of Chemical Alarm" shown on classes in civil defense was a limit of dreams, then modern technical means allow to create much more spectacular manuals in the form of computer animation or even a game. Modeling of the studied processes and the phenomena, opportunity to make "computer experiments" in those areas of human knowledge where real experiments are very labor-consuming or simply impossible. Existence of system of self-examination of knowledge, systems of control, compatibility with electronic examination system. What is regarding a possibility of an assessment of the acquired knowledge, it is possible to tell that during creation of electronic textbooks just it is inexpedient to transfer typographical version of the manual to an electronic look and then to convert into the hypertext. Of course, as a result there will be some advantages in search plan and hyperlinks, but such textbook will be inconvenient for the student as to read from the monitor not so conveniently as the book. Therefore, during creation of electronic textbooks are expedient: other organization of material of the textbook: it is expedient to make chapters shorter that they were simpler to be read on the screen; material (for example, obligatory for reading, additional, auxiliary, definitions, etc.) and visually them to allocate division for several contexts; the maintenance of a training material, according to requirements of psychologists, is recommended to be broken into modules. The development of a training material corresponding to the concrete module has to be focused no more than for two hours of contact time; after studying of the next module, knowledge acquired by pupils or students should be controlled by means of the appropriate program included in structure of the electronic textbook; paying of special attention to the user's interface; a compression and brevity of a statement of material at the maximum informational content of the text. The reductions which are found in the text have to be common and their quantity is minimized. Besides, big advantages that there is no heap, careful structuring information. Existence of the short and "capacious" headings marked and enumerated lists in order that all text was easily checked. The separate paragraph of the text has to be allocated for each situation, at the same time the main idea of the paragraph has to be in its beginning. Use of a tabular format of presentation of material which allows to present material in a compact form is expedient and to demonstrate communications between various concepts; the architecture of the textbook has to include graphic providing which allows to transfer the necessary volume of information at brevity of his statement. Graphic information can be used in educational process not only as a hypertext fragment. Literature 1. Gershunskiy B.S. A computerization in the sphere of training: problems and prospects. − M.: Pedagogics, 1987. – 264 p. // Гершунский Б.С. Компьютеризация в сфере обучения: проблемы и перспективы. − М.: Педагогика, 1987. – 264 с.