[Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 1

Appendix 6. Sources for taxonomic identifications of latest Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian; Lancian NALMA) lissamphibians listed in Table 6. Accounts are listed based on geographic location. Arabic numbers denoting localities are same as those used in the corresponding faunal list (Table 6) and locality map (Fig. 8).

1, KUA-1 and unspecified localities, Red Deer River Valley, southern Alberta, Canada; lower part of Scollard Formation. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentary (UALVP 40043) and fragmentary frontal (UALVP 40042) from KUA-1, both reported by Gardner (2000a). Also included in faunal list (as “Albanerpeton sp. indet.”) for Cretaceous portion of formation by Eberth et al. (2001: table 4). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / cf. Scapherpeton tectum: Reported in faunal list by Eberth et al. (2001: table 4) for Cretaceous portion of formation. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / cf. Opisthotriton kayi: Reported in faunal list by Eberth et al. (2001: table 4) for Cretaceous portion of formation. Anura indet.: Reported as “Anura Gen. et sp. indet.” by Eberth et al. (2001: table 4) in faunal list for Cretaceous portion of formation.

2, Long Fall Horizon in Medicine Hat Brick and Tile Quarry, Frenchmen River Valley, northwest of Ravenscrag, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchman Formation. Urodela indet.: Fox (1990, p. 54) mentioned “salamanders” as part of the vertebrate assemblage at this quarry, presumably based on specimens in UALVP collections. Considering that there is no indication of stem salamanders in Late Cretaceous or younger assemblages, we assume this material is from one or more crown salamanders and, according, list this unverified occurrence as “Urodela”.

3, FR-1, Frenchmen River Valley, northwest of Ravenscrag, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchman Formation. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton sp.: Mentioned by Johnston (1980, p. 512).

4, “Scotty” Quarry (RSMNH loc. 72F07-0022) Frenchmen River Valley, south of Shaunavon, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchmen Formation. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton sp.: Dentary (RSMNH P2523.290) reported and figured by Tokaryk and Bryant (2004, fig. 3A). Remarks: Nearby vertebrate fossil microsites in exposures of the Frenchman Formation also have yielded lissamphibian fossils, which are now housed in the collections of the RSMNH (Gardner pers. obs. [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 2

2012), but to our knowledge lissamphibian fossils and taxa from those localities have not been reported in print.

5, Wounded Knee locality, Frenchmen River Valley, south of Shaunavon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchman Formation. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentaries (UALVP 40039–40041) reported by Gardner (2000a). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Reported faunal list for this locality by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Reported in faunal list for this locality by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon copei: Reported in faunal list for this locality by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections. Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Premaxillae (UALVP 43921–43926), a maxilla (UALVP 43927), dentaries (UALVP 43930–43933), vomers (UALVP 43928–43929), and an atlas (UALVP 43934) reported by Gardner (2003a). Urodela indet.: Reported as “Urodela, gen. & sp. indet.” in faunal list for this locality by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections. Considering that there is no indication of stem salamanders in Late Cretaceous or younger assemblages, we assume this material is from one or more crown salamanders and, according, list this unverified occurrence as “Urodela”. Anura / Family incertae sedis / Scotiophryne pustulosa: Reported in faunal list for this locality by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections. Anura indet.: Equivalent to taxa listed as “Discoglossidae, gen. & sp. indet.” and “Anura, gen. & sp. indet.” in faunal list by Fox (1989), based on unspecified specimens in UALVP collections.

6, Gryde locality (= SMNH loc. 72F08-0012), Frenchmen River Valley, south of Shaunavon, southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchman Formation. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentaries (RSMNH P1927.945, .958, .959, and .1016) reported by Gardner (2000a). Remarks: Storer (1991, p. 350) mentioned “amphibians” from this locality.

7, Morgan Creek Badlands (= Killdeer Badlands), southwestern Saskatchewan, Canada; Frenchman Formation. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Reported in a faunal list by Sternberg (1924, p. 68) from one or more unspecified localities along “Rocky Creek”. [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 3

8, Localities in Garfield County, northeastern Montana, USA; Hell Creek Formation. Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton nexuosum: Premaxilla (DMNH 55222) reported and figured by G. Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 3M, N) from DMNH loc. 3304. Dentary (UWBM 93378) and maxilla (DMNH 56400) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153 (= UCMP loc. V82022) and DMNH loc. 3305 (= UWBM C1529), respectively. Note that the dentaries (UCMP 130683) identified by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V75162 are not albanerpetontids, but batrachians (Gardner 2000a). Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton galaktion: Premaxilla (UCMP 556656) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 3K, L) from UCMP loc. V99369 (= UWBM loc. C1115). Dentary (UWBM 93613) and maxilla (UWBM 94810) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentaries (UCMP 123309, 123490, 123493, 556564) and vertebrae (MOR 5746, 5747) from UCMP locs. V73087 and V99369 and MOR locs. HC-293 and HC-583, respectively (DeMar and Wilson unpubl. obs.). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Atlas (MOR 4189) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2C, D) from MOR loc. HC-597. Atlas (UWBM 93343) and a trunk vertebra (UWBM 91257) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153. Trunk vertebra (UCMP 128753) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V73087. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae /Lisserpeton bairdi: Atlas (UCMP 191281) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2A, B) from UCMP loc. V99230. Atlantes (MOR 3224; UWBM 90973, 91386) and a trunk vertebra (UCMP 191354) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from MOR loc. HC-377, UWBM loc. C1153, and UCMP loc. V99227, respectively. The trunk vertebrae (UCMP 123477) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V73087 are dentary fragments. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Piceoerpeton naylori: Atlas (MOR 5366) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2E, F) from MOR loc. HC-591. Atlantes (UWBM 91201, 93341) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / cf. Piceoerpeton sp.: Trunk vertebra (UCMP 122039) from UCMP loc. V78143. According to the UCMP online vertebrate collections database this specimen was originally identified by D. Krause in 1978. It is a large and partially worn trunk vertebra (centrum length = 1.7 cm) missing the neural arch and spine and the postzygapophyses. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / gen. et sp. nov. 1: Trunk vertebrae (UWBM 96580; MOR 6000) from UWBM loc. C1153 and MOR loc. HC-293, respectively (DeMar and Wilson unpubl. obs.). [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 4

Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / gen. et sp. nov. 2: Trunk vertebra (UWBM 93382) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2M–O) from UWBM loc. C1151 as “Scapherpetontidae gen. et sp. A”. Trunk vertebrae (UWBM 93381, 93382; UCMP 556652) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153 and UCMP loc. V99369, respectively. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Atlas (UCMP 191407) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2I, J) from UCMP loc. V99370. Additional atlantes (UWBM 93323, 93379) and trunk vertebrae (UWBM 191437, 93327) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UWBM loc. C1153 and UCMP loc. V99369. Note that some trunk vertebrae (UCMP 130684) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V75162 are from scapherpetontids and sirenids (DeMar pers. obs.). Specimens labeled as vertebrae (UCMP 123488) by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V73087 are dentaries (DeMar pers. obs.). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon copei: Atlas (UWBM 93332) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 2K, L) from UWBM loc. C1153. Atlas (UCMP 556609) and partial trunk vertebrae (UWBM 93460, 93376) included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UCMP loc. V99370 and UWBM loc. C1153, respectively. Note that the two trunk vertebrae (UCMP 130687) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V75162 are squamate centra (Wilson et al. 2014). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / gen. et sp. indet: Atlas (UCMP 123524) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V73092. Bryant (1989) originally identified this specimen as cf. Piceoerpeton sp. According to Gardner (2012, p. 618) “the configuration of the odontoid process on UCMP 123524 is more reminiscent of batrachosauroidids and argues against assigning the specimen to Piceoerpeton.” Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Dentary (UWBM 93373) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 3I, J) from UWBM loc. C1153. Additional referred specimens from various localities included, but catalogue numbers not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) are as follows: atlas (UWBM 96600) from UWBM loc. C1529; dentaries (UWBM 93393; MOR 5894) from UWBM loc. C1147 and MOR loc. HC-293, respectively; premaxilla (UCMP 556479) from UCMP loc. V99369; palatines (UWBM 94091; UCMP 123294: Bryant 1989) from UWBM loc. C1529 and UCMP loc. V73087, respectively; trunk (UWBM 90970) and caudal vertebrae (UWBM 93374) both from UWBM loc. C1153. Note that one of the dentaries (UCMP 130691) reported by Bryant (1989) is a maxilla (DeMar pers. obs.). Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus prodilatus: Partial maxilla (UWBM 93403), dentary (UCMP 556621), and vomer (UCMP 556520) reported and figured by Wilson et al. (2014, fig. 3A–C, G–H, and D–F, respectively) and DeMar (2011) from UWBM loc. C1153 and UCMP loc. V99220, respectively. Premaxilla (UCMP 556616) included, but catalogue number not stated, in study by Wilson et al. (2014) from UCMP loc. V99223. [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 5

Urodela / Proteidae / Paranecturus garbanii: Holotype atlas (UWBM 93370) described and figured by DeMar (2013, figs. 2, 3; see also Wilson et al. 2014, fig. 2G–H) from UWBM loc. C1153. Referred atlantes (DMNH 56465; UCMP 556611, 191538; UWBM 91059, 91771, 92730, 93364, 93368, 93372, 93377) and trunk vertebrae (UWBM 94999, 94095; MOR 5344) described and several figured by DeMar (2013, figs. 4, 5, and 6A) from multiple DMNH, MOR, UCMP, and UWBM localities. Anura / Family incertae sedis / Scotiophryne pustulosa: Maxillae (UCMP 130678) reported by Bryant (1989) from UCMP loc. V77130. Bryant (1989) also reported a single humerus (UCMP 130679), which is not recorded in the UCMP collections database. Maxilla (UCMP 557551) from UCMP loc. V99224 (DeMar and Wilson unpubl. obs.). Anura / Family incertae sedis / Theatonius lancensis: Nearly complete right maxilla (UWBM 96570) from UWBM loc. C1153 (DeMar and Wilson unpubl. obs.). Anura indet.: Unnumbered and undescribed UCMP and UWBM specimens including cranial and postcranial elements of multiple taxa (DeMar and Wilson unpubl. obs.).

9, Localities in Slope and Bowman counties, southwestern North Dakota, USA; Hell Creek Formation. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentary (PTRM 4222) from PTRM loc. V88012 and atlas (PTRM 16740) from PTRM loc. V89003 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Reported by Pearson et al. (2002) from multiple localities. Voucher atlantes (PTRM 3420 and 3771), both from PTRM loc. V8903 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / gen. et sp. nov. 1: Atlas (NDGS unnumbered) from PTRM loc. V89003) and, possibly, a trunk vertebra (NDGS unnumbered) from PTRM loc. V88018 (Gardner unpubl. obs). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / gen. et sp. nov. 2.: Trunk vertebra (PTRM 4156) from PTRM loc. V92067 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Reported by Pearson et al. (2002) from multiple localities. Voucher atlantes (PTRM 4174 and 4179), both from PTRM loc. V92067 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon copei: Dentary (PTRM 16730) from PTRM loc. V89003 and atlas (PTRM 4015) from PTRM loc. V86002 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.). Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Reported by Pearson et al. (2002) from multiple localities. Voucher jaws: premaxilla (PTRM 16620) from PTRM loc. V88017 and dentary (PTRM 3309) from PTRM loc. V88004 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs). Urodela / Amphiumidae / Proamphiuma cretacea: Trunk vertebra (PTRM 16473) from PTRM loc. V86002 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.). [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 6

Urodela indet.: Reported by Pearson et al. (2002) from multiple localities. Voucher dentary (PTRM 16733) from PTRM loc. V89003 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.). Anura indet.: Reported by Pearson et al. (2002) from multiple localities. Voucher maxilla (PTRM 16729) from PTRM loc. V89003 (Gardner and Pearson unpubl. obs.).

10, NDSFC loc. L064, Logan County, south-central North Dakota, USA; Iron Lightning Member, Fox Hills Formation. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Lisserpeton bairdi: Trunk vertebra (ND 99-5.1) described and figured by Hoganson et al. (2007, fig. 3G–L) Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Trunk vertebra (ND 99-6.2) described and figured by Hoganson et al. (2007, fig. 3A–F).

11, SDSMT localities, Harding County, northwestern South Dakota, USA, Hell Creek Formation. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Vertebrae and jaws (all SDSMT specimens, some in bulk-catalogued lots) from several localities, reported by Greenwald (1971), including the following figured examples, all from SDSMT loc. V637: trunk vertebra and atlas (part of bulk numbered lot SDSMT 64218: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, figs 2 and 4, respectively); individually numbered trunk vertebra and atlas (SDSMT 64222 and 64223: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, figs 1 and 3, respectively); and dentary (SDSMT 64219: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, fig. 8). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Vertebrae and jaws (all SDSMT specimens, some in bulk-catalogued lots) from several localities, reported by Greenwald (1971), including the following figured examples, both from SDSMT loc. V637: trunk vertebra (part of bulk-numbered lot SDSMT 64224: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, fig. 5) and an individually numbered trunk vertebra (SDSMT 64227: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, fig. 6) Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Vertebrae and jaws (all SDSMT specimens, some in bulk- catalogued lots), all from SDSMT loc. V637, reported by Greenwald (1971), including an individually numbered trunk vertebra (SDSMT 64231: Greenwald 1971, pl. 5, fig. 7). Species identification accepted based on Greenwald (1971, p. 26) noting “bulbous crowns on the teeth”, which are diagnostic for H. dilatus. Anura indet.: Greenwald (1971) briefly described, but did not illustrate, five incomplete anuran ilia (bulk lot of four specimens, SDSMT 64232 from SDSMT loc. V637; one ilium, SDSMT 64316 from SDSMT loc. V639) that he provisionally identified as “?Pelobatidae unidentified genus and species”. Because those specimens were not figured and have not been examined by us, here we conservatively list this occurrence as Anura indet. [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 7

12, “Sue” Quarry, Cheyenne River Indian Reservation, northwestern South Dakota, USA; Hell Creek Formation. Albanerpetontidae indet.: Unnumbered FMNH premaxillae, trunk vertebrae, and a ?frontal reported by Gates et al. (2010; T. Gates pers. comm.). Gates et al. (2010) stated that the premaxillae are from two distinct albanerpetontids. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton sp.: Unnumbered FMNH vertebrae reported by Gates et al. (2010; T. Gates pers. comm.). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton sp.: Unnumbered FMNH trunk vertebrae and a dentary (T. Gates pers. comm.). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon sp.: Unnumbered FMNH trunk vertebrae (T. Gates pers. comm.). Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus sp.: Unnumbered FMNH specimens reported by Gates et al. (2010). Anura indet.: Unnumbered FMNH postcranial elements (T Gates pers. comm.).

13, Type Lance localities and Greasewood Creek, all Niobrara County, east-central Wyoming, USA; Lance Formation. Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton nexuosum: Holotype left dentary (UCMP 49547) originally described and figured by Estes (1964, fig, 44a, c; presumed lost) from UCMP loc. V5620 (Lull 2). Additional specimens from UCMP loc. V5620 described and figured by Gardner (2000a): dentaries (UCMP 49540, 49535: Gardner 2000a, fig. 2A–B and 2C, respectively). Dentaries (AMNH 15259, 22950, 22951, 22955, 22959, 27177) reported by Gardner (2000a) from UCMP loc. V5711 (Bushy Tailed Blowout). Albanerpetontidae indet.: Dentaries (UCMP 49534, 49536; AMNH 22952–22954) reported by Gardner (2000a) from UCMP locs. V5620 and V5711, respectively. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Multiple specimens described and figured by Estes (1964) from UCMP loc. V5620: atlas (UCMP 61205: Estes 1964, fig. 33c), trunk vertebra (UCMP 61208: Estes 1964, fig. 33b), dentary (UCMP 61207: Estes 1964, fig. 33e), maxilla (UCMP 61209: Estes 1964, fig. 33a), and parietal (UCMP 61206: Estes 1964, fig. 33d). Additional unfigured specimens reported by Estes (1964) from UCMP loc. V5620 are as follows: atlantes (UCMP 49516–49517), trunk vertebrae (UCMP 49541–49543), dentary (UCMP 49548), and maxillae (UCMP 49507–49508). Trunk vertebrae (UALVP 40107, 40108) described and figured by Gardner (2000b, fig. 11-8JJ–MM and 11- 8NN, respectively) and additional unfigured specimens (UALVP 40105, 40106) from UCMP loc. V5711. Estes (1964) reported additional specimens from the following UCMP localities in the type Lance area: [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 8

V5003, V5616, V5617, V5619, V5622, V5623, V5709, V5713, V5717, V5815, and V5817. Whitmore and Martin (1986) reported a trunk vertebra (SDSM 12744) from Greasewood Creek that is diagnostic for the species based on their description of the specimen. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Lisserpeton bairdi: Maxilla (UCMP 49549) described and figured by Estes (1965, fig. 3b) from UCMP loc. V5620. Premaxilla (AMNH 8129) and parietal (AMNH 8128) described and figured by Estes (1965, figs. 4a and b, respectively) from UCMP loc. V5711. Unnumbered atlantes and vertebrae reported by Estes (1965) from UCMP loc. V5711. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Piceoerpeton naylori: Atlas (UALVP 43920) figured and described by Gardner (2012, fig. 2N–Q) from UCMP loc. V5711. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Holotype middle trunk vertebra (CMNH 6468) described and figured by Auffenberg (1961, fig. 1) from an unspecified locality in the type Lance area. Specimens described and figured by Estes (1964) are as follows: atlas (AMNH 8110: Estes 1964, fig. 38f–g), dentaries (AMNH 8104; UCMP 49501, 49504: Estes 1964, fig. 39), maxilla (UCMP 46063: Estes 1964, fig. 41d, e), premaxillae (UCMP 49544, AMNH 8109: Estes 1964, figs. 40f and 41b, c, respectively), vomer (AMNH 8111: Estes 1964, fig. 40a–c), and pterygopalatine (AMNH 8105: Estes 1964, fig. 40d–e), all from UCMP loc. V5620. Atlas (UALVP 40066) and trunk vertebra (UALVP 40071) described and figured by Gardner (2000b, fig. 11-3I–K and 11-4A–E, respectively) from UCMP loc. V5711. Premaxilla (UCMP 49544) and many unnumbered vertebrae, atlantes, dentaries, vomers, and premaxillae reported by Estes (1964) from UCMP loc. V5711. Estes (1964) reported additional specimens from the following UCMP localities in the type Lance area: V5003, V5616, V5618, V5624, V5815, and V5817. A trunk vertebra (SDSM 12743) reported by Whitmore and Martin (1986) from Greasewood Creek is diagnostic for the species based on their description of the specimen. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon copei: Holotype trunk vertebra (UCMP 55783) described and figured by Estes (1964, fig. 42f–g) from UCMP loc. V5620. Atlas (UCMP 55778) described and figured by Estes (1964, fig. 42a–c) from UCMP loc. V5620. Atlantes (UALVP 40075, 12095) and a trunk vertebra (UALVP 40076) described and figured by Gardner (2000b, figs. 11-5A–C, 11-5H–M, and 11-6K, respectively) from UCMP loc. V5711. Estes (1964) reported additional atlantes and trunk vertebrae from the following UCMP localities in the type Lance area: V5003, V5616, V5618, V5619, V5713, V5815, V5817. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / gen. et sp. nov. 4: Atlas (USNM 482352) described and figured by Gardner (2000b, fig. 11-7A–F) from an unrecorded locality in the type Lance area. USNM 482352 has been reported by Gardner (2005: table 10.2) as “Batrachosauroididae, New gen. and sp. A.” Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Holotype left dentary (USNM 10749) described and figured by Gilmore (1928b, fig. 106, pl. 26, fig. 9; see also Estes 1964, pl. 3, top) from an unspecified locality in [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 9 the type Lance area. Holotype and referred trunk vertebrae (CM 6467, 6448, respectively) of “Adelphesiren olivae” described and figured by Goin and Auffenberg (1958, figs. 188, 189) from an unspecified locality in the type Lance area. Referred dentaries (USNM 10813, 10815, 10816: Gilmore 1928b, pl. 26, fig. 7; USNM 17018) reported, described and figured, or both, by Gilmore (1928b) from an unspecified locality in the type Lance area. Atlas (UCMP 49519: Estes 1964, fig. 37a), trunk vertebra (UCMP 46627: Estes 1964, fig. 37c), caudal vertebra (AMNH 8115: Estes 1964, fig. 37b), dentaries (AMNH 8106, 8108: Estes 1964, fig. 34), premaxillae (AMNH 8118; UCMP 46073: Estes 1964, figs. 36c and 36d–e, respectively), maxillae (UCMP 46043, 55717, 55714: Estes 1964, fig. 35a, b, and c, respectively), palatine (AMNH 8120, 8119: Estes 1964, fig. 35d, e, and f, respectively); vomer (AMNH 8116: Estes 1964, fig. 36a–b), all described and figured by Estes (1964) and all from UCMP loc. V5620. Trunk vertebrae (UALVP 43895: Gardner 2003a, text-fig. 11K, L), caudal vertebra (UALVP 43901: Gardner 2003a, text-fig. 11P–R), dentaries (UALVP 43917, 43918: Gardner 2003a, text-fig. 7C and 7A– B, respectively), premaxillae (UALVP 43910: Gardner 2003a, text-fig. 7G), and vomer (UALVP 43914: Gardner 2003a, text-fig. 9A–C) all described and figured by Gardner (2003a) and all from UCMP loc. V5711. Additional unfigured specimens reported by Gardner (2003a) from UCMP loc. V5711 are as follows: atlas (UALVP 43919), trunk vertebrae (UALVP 43896–43899), dentaries (UALVP 1614, 43873–43874, 43915–43916), premaxillae (UALVP 43912, 43913), and maxilla (UALVP 43857). Estes (1964) reported additional specimens from the following UCMP localities in the type Lance area: V5003, V5616, V5618, V5619, V5621, V5623, V5711, V5713, V5815, V5817, and V5820. Whitmore and Martin (1986) reported a trunk vertebra (SDSM 12697) from Greasewood Creek that is diagnostic for the species based on their description of the specimen. Anura / Palaeobatrachidae / Palaeobatrachus? occidentalis: Holotype right ilium (UCMP 55704) described and figured by Estes and Sanchíz (1982, figs. 1C, D, 4A [as Palaeobatrachus occidentalis]; see also Gardner 2008, fig. 13.1A–C) from UCMP loc. V5620. Ilium (UCMP 55705) described and figured by Gardner (2008, fig. 13.1D) from UCMP loc. V5711. Anura / Family incertae sedis / Scotiophryne pustulosa: Ilium (AMNH 8137: Estes 1969, fig. 1a–b), maxilla (AMNH 8132: Estes 1969, fig. 2c–d), and squamosal (AMNH 8102: Estes 1969, fig. 2a–b) described and figured by Estes (1969) from UCMP loc. V5620. An unfigured ilium (UCMP 55703) reported by Estes (1969b) may be from a small individual (Estes and Sanchíz 1982). Anura / Family incertae sedis / Paradiscoglossus americanus: Holotype left ilium (UCMP 125827) described and figured by Estes and Sanchíz (1982, figs. 1A–B, 2A–B; see also Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2K– L) from UCMP loc. V5711. Ilium (UCMP 125830) reported by Gardner (2008) from UCMP loc. V5620. Anura / Family incertae sedis / Theatonius lancensis: Holotype left maxilla (UALVP 12073) described and figured by Fox (1976, fig. 1; see also Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2A–D) from UCMP loc. V5711. Maxilla [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 10

(UALVP 12075; Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2E), frontoparietals (UALVP 12074, Fox 1976, fig. 2; see also Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2I–J; UALVP 12076: Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2G–H), and squamosals (UALVP 12080: Fox 1976, fig. 2; see also Gardner 2008, fig. 13.2F) described and figured by Fox (1976) and Gardner (2008) from UCMP loc. V5711. Unfigured frontoparietals (UALVP 12077, 12078, 40161) and squamosals (UALVP 12079, 40162) reported by Fox (1976) and Gardner (2008), all from UCMP loc. V5711. Anura / Family incertae sedis / cf. Eopelobates sp.: Ilium (UCMP 55712: Gardner 2008, fig. 13.3H, I), nasal (UCMP 55710: Gardner 2008, fig. 13.3C), and squamosal (UCMP 55707: Gardner 2008, fig. 13.3D–E) described and figured by Gardner (2008) from UCMP loc. V5620. Ilium (AMNH 22522), maxillae (AMNH 25002: Gardner 2008, fig. 13.3A–B; AMNH 27205) reported, described and figured, or both, by Gardner (2008) from UCMP loc. V5711. Anura indet.: Maxillae (UCMP 55711; AMNH 25005, 29946; UALVP 40165, 40166) and ilia (AMNH 27007, 22538) from multiple taxa reported and figured by Gardner (2008, fig. 13.4) from UCMP loc. V5711.

14, Robber’s Roost locality (UW loc. V-79032), Sweetwater County, south-central Wyoming, USA; Lance Formation. Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton nexuosum: Maxilla (UW 14587) and dentaries (UW 14584, 15019) reported by Breithaupt (1982) and Gardner (2000a). See Gardner (2000a) for re-identifications of several specimens from Breithaupt’s (1982) study. Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton galaktion: Premaxilla (UW 14593) reported by Gardner (2000a). Albanerpetontidae indet.: Premaxilla (UW 14585), maxilla (UW 14588), dentaries (UW 14583, 14586, 14587, 14591, 15030), and a jaw fragment (UW 14592 [= UW 14542 as listed by Breithaupt 1982, p. 133]) reported by Breithaupt (1982) and Gardner (2000a). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Trunk vertebra (UW 46738, originally recorded under UW 5512) reported by Breithaupt. (1982). Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Lisserpeton bairdi: Atlas (UW 14269) reported by Breithaupt (1982). The remaining four atlantes originally catalogued under this number are Opisthotriton (Gardner pers. obs.). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Atlas (UW 14571) originally reported by Breithaupt (1982) as Scapherpeton tectum (Gardner pers. obs.). Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Prodesmodon copei: Atlas (UW 14581) bulk catalogued with mostly Opisthotriton trunk vertebrae (Gardner pers. obs.). Note that the vertebral centrum fragment (UW 15025) identified by Breithaupt (1982) is a squamate centrum (Gardner pers. obs.). [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 11

Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Dentary (UW 5525) originally catalogued under UW 5512 from B. Breithaupt collection (UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database; accessed March 13, 2013). Other specimens including dentaries, a maxilla, vomers, premaxillae, and a pterygopalatine were reported by Breithaupt (1982). Anura / cf. Eopelobates sp.: Two maxillae (UW 15020, 15221) were originally identified as Eopelobates sp. by Breithaupt (1982), but currently are listed only as Anura on the UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database. We provisionally retain the published identification here, but regard it as unverified. Remarks: Previous reports of other anurans at UW loc. V-79032 are problematic; these are excluded from our faunal list. One specimen (UW 14273) identified by Breithaupt (1982) as a fragmentary right ilium of ?Scotiophryne is likely not an anuran ilium (Gardner pers. obs.). UW 15222 was listed as Eopelobates sp. by Breithaupt (1982), but is listed as Albanerpeton sp. on the UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database.

15, Localities in the Hanna Basin, southeastern Wyoming, USA; lower part of Ferris Formation. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Unidentified specimen (UW 26620) reported by Lillegraven and Eberle (1999, appendix II) from UW loc. V-92010. The UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database (accessed March 13, 2013) has this specimen listed as a jaw fragment. Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Unidentified specimens (UW 26618, 26619, 27371, 27372, 27373) reported by Lillegraven and Eberle (1999, appendix II) from UW locs. V-92027, V-92010, V- 92038, V-92036, and V-92046, respectively. The UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database (accessed March 13, 2013) has all of these specimens listed as palate fragments. Because, in our experience, Habrosaurus palatal bones are relatively rare in microsites and can easily be mistaken for fish palatal bones, here we regard these identifications as unverified. Urodela indet.: Unidentified specimens (UW 27212) reported by Lillegraven and Eberle (1999, appendix II). The UW Collection of Fossil Vertebrates online database (accessed March 13, 2013) has these specimens listed as centrum fragments.

16, Localities in the Cheyenne Basin, northeastern Colorado, USA; Laramie Formation and D1 Sequence of Denver Formation. Albanerpetontidae / Albanerpeton nexuosum: Premaxilla (UCM 38713: Carpenter 1979, fig. 11a–b; see also Gardner 2000a, fig. 5K) and dentary (UCM 38714: Carpenter 1979, fig. 12a–b; see also Gardner 2000a, fig. 2D–E) figured, described, or both, by Carpenter (1979) and Gardner (2000a) from UCM loc. 77062 (=DMNH loc. 3426 = UWBM loc. C1099), Laramie Formation. [Gardner & DeMar: Appendix 6] 12

Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Scapherpeton tectum: Dentary (UCM 38722: Carpenter 1979, fig. 9a–b), from UCM loc. 77062, Laramie Formation, described and figured by Carpenter (1979). Note that Carpenter (1979) mislabeled UCM 38722 as “83722” in his brief description of this nearly complete dentary. From the same locality, Carpenter (1979) also listed vertebrae (UCM 38716, 38717), neural arches (UCM 38723, 38724), and dentaries (UCM 38720, 38721); the identifications of those specimens are uncertain, because they were not figured or described. Urodela / Scapherpetontidae / Lisserpeton bairdi: Atlas (UCM 38767), from UCM loc. 77062, Laramie Formation, briefly described and figured by Carpenter (1979, fig. 10a–b). This identification is problematic because Carpenter (1979) based it on the extremely prominent odontoid process and the dorsoventrally compressed anterior cotyles of this specimen, but those features are typical for both Lisserpeton and Scapherpeton. The drawing in Carpenter (1979, fig. 10a–b) is more reminiscent of Scapherpeton (e.g., UALVP 40091: see Gardner 2000b, fig. 11-8DD–II; also see MOR 4189: Wilson et al. 2014, fig. 2C). Here we retain Carpenter’s (1979) identification, but consider it unverified. Urodela / Batrachosauroididae / Opisthotriton kayi: Atlas (UCM 38715) briefly described and figured by Carpenter (1979, fig. 14a–b). Atlantes (UCM 38714, 38718, 38719) and dentaries (UCM 38765, 38766) reported by Carpenter (1979), all from UCM loc. 77062, Laramie Formation. Urodela / Sirenidae / Habrosaurus dilatus: Partial dentary (DMNH 59212 from DMNH loc. 3648, D1 Sequence of Denver Formation (G. Wilson pers. comm.). Urodela indet.: ?Pterygopalatine (UCM 38762; possibly an albanerpetontid [Carpenter 1979] but see Gardner [2000a, p. 383] for a discussion of this element’s possible affinities), vertebrae (UCM 38812), and dentaries (UCM 38806–38810) reported by Carpenter (1979), all from UCM loc. 77062, Laramie Formation.

17, OMNH loc. V812, Emery County, central Utah, USA; lower part (late Maastrichtian) of North Horn Formation. Anura indet.: Articulated partial skeleton (OMNH 27756) reported by Cifelli et al. (1999b).