A.P. American Government & Politics

Reading Guide A.P. American Government & Politics Chapter 12 – The Presidency (126 pts) (All answers must be typed.)

War Powers Resolution: Read the following sections from the War Powers Resolution and answer the questions that follow. (8 pts)

PURPOSE AND POLICY “SEC. 2. (a) It is the purpose of this joint resolution to fulfill the intent of the framers of the Constitution of the United States and insure that the collective judgment of both the Congress and the President will apply to the introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into situations where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicate by the circumstances, and to the continued use of such forces in hostilities or in such situations.

(b) Under article I, section 8, of the Constitution, it is specifically provided that the Congress shall have the power to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution, not only its own powers but also all other powers vested by the Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof.

(c) The constitutional powers of the President as Commander-in-Chief to introduce United States Armed Forces into hostilities, or into situations where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated by the circumstances, are exercised only pursuant to (1) a declaration of war, (2) specific statutory authorization, or (3) a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces.”

CONSULTATION “SEC. 3. The President in every possible instance shall consult with Congress before introducing United States Armed Forces into hostilities or into situation where imminent involvement in hostilities is clearly indicated by the circumstances, and after every such introduction shall consult regularly with the Congress until United States Armed Forces are no longer engaged in hostilities or have been removed from such situations.”

1. What is the purpose of the War Powers Resolution? 2. What is the War Powers Resolution to insure? 3. Where in the Constitution is power given to Congress to make and carry out the necessary laws pertaining to the United States government or any department or officer of the government? 4. List the instances in which the president may send United States Armed Forces into hostilities or situations where hostilities may occur. 5. What does the president have to do prior to committing the United States forces into hostilities? 6. After United States Armed Forces are committed, what is the responsibility of the president? Presidential Political Cartoon: Read the political cartoon and answer the questions that follow. (6 pts) A.P. American Government & Politics

1. For each frame, list the people/objects and what each represents.

2. What is the cartoonist’s opinion about the topic portrayed in the cartoon?

3. Do you agree or disagree with the cartoonist’s opinion? Explain your answer.

Presidential Political Cartoon: Read the political cartoon and answer the questions that follow. (8 pts) 1. Identify who and what is being said in each frame of the cartoon.

Presidential Election Cartoon: Read the political cartoon and answer the questions that follow. (8 pts) 1. Identify who and what is being said in each frame of the cartoon.

Use other resources to complete the following assignment.

Executive Cabinet (15 pts) Identify the head of each of the following cabinet departments. http://www.whitehouse.gov/administration/cabinet Department of State Department of the Treasury Department of Defense Department of Justice Department of the Interior Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce

2 A.P. American Government & Politics

Department of Labor Department of Health and Human Services Department of Housing and Urban Development Department of Transportation Department of Energy Department of Education Department of Veterans Affairs Department of Homeland Security

Using your textbook and lecture notes to answer the following questions. (81 pts)

Objective 12.1 1. Explain the two contradictory expectations that Americans have about the presidency? (2 pts) 2. List the qualifications for becoming the President of the United States. (3 pts.) 3. What situation was the Twenty-Fifth Amendment enacted to address? (1 pt.) 4. Article II, Section 4 of the Constitution says, "The President, Vice President, and all Civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high crimes and Misdemeanors.” Outline the procedure for removing a president from office. Discuss whether a president(s) has ever been impeached and if so, list the number of counts against them and remark on the outcome of their impeachment. (8 pts) 5. Since the Constitution only provides general guidelines as to the grounds for impeachment (Article II, Section 4), there has been an agreement on four points as to what constitutes “high crimes and misdemeanors.” Please list these four points. (4 pts)

Objective 12.2 6. Describe at least two ways in which power of the president has expanded from its constitutional base and at least two major ways in which the presidency has changed since the beginning of the twentieth century. Be sure to include a description of the changes and the reasons why these changes occurred. Include a conclusion to summarize your key points. (5 pts)

Objectives 12.3 7. List and explain the function of three major policymaking bodies of the Executive Office. (3 pts) 8. Compare the difference between a hierarchical organization and a wheel-and-spokes system of White House management. (2 pts)

Objective 12.4 9. Distinguish between the president's role as chief executive and the president's role as chief legislator. (LO 13.3 & 13.4) (4 pts.) 10. List and explain four options the president has once Congress passes a bill. (4 pts.)

11. In 1996, Congress passed a law (line-item veto) granting the president authority to propose residing funds in appropriations bills, it also voided tax provisions that applied to only a few people. Explain why this law is not used today. (2 pts) 12. What is the president's power to convene Congress? Why would this be more significant in the early years of the presidency? (2 pts) 13. Define the terms "presidential coattails" and “honeymoon” period. (1 pt)

Objective 12.5 14. Explain an executive agreement and how it differs from a treaty? (2 pts) 15. Describe the role of the president as commander in chief. Include what limitations the president has in this role. (4 pts) 16. Discuss how the president is more equipped to handle a crisis than Congress. (2 pts) 17. Describe the Framers' vision for the presidency. How is the Framers' vision different from the role of the modern president? (LO 12.2 & 12.5) (4 pts)

Objective 12.6 18. What factors contribute to president's public approval? Historically, what is the trend? What can impact approval ratings? (LO 12.4 & 12.6) (3 pts.) 19. Describe the informal powers of the president. (LO 12.4. 12.5, 12.6) (4 pts.) 20. When President Obama succeeded in getting Congress to pass the Affordable Care Act (signed into law on March 23, 2010, with the goal of improving the health care system of the United States and of protecting those with health insurance), what presidential roles did he fulfill? (LO 12.4 & 12.6) (2 pts)

Objective 12.7 21. Explain the role of the president’s press secretary? (3 pts) 22. Why is most news coverage of the president described as "body watch"? What advantages and disadvantages does the president face in regards to dealing with the press? (3 pts) 23. In what way(s) are the press biased in their coverage of the president? (4 pts)

Objective 12.8 24. Explain how the presidency increased and decreases the scope of government? (2 pts) 25. How would you characterize President Obama's presidency? Has he been a successful or a disappointing president? Summarize your opinion and justify your answer with details from the text. (LO 12.4 – 12.8) (5 pts)

Using your textbook, lecture notes or other resources answer the following questions. 26. Commentators on the presidency often refer to it as a “bully pulpit,” implying that presidents can persuade or even mobilize the public to support their policies if only they are skilled enough communicators. In your opinion, what skills are needed to make a president an effective communicator. How has the concept of the “bully pulpit” changed since Theodore Roosevelt referred to the idea? (2 pts) 27. Explain the different ways you think the vice presidents can be used to enhance the president’s opportunities for advancing his agenda in Congress. In particular, examine the

concept of a co-presidency or the abolition of the vice presidency position. What would be the consequences? (2 pts)