Out of Many: a History of the American People, 6E AP (Faragher, Et Al.)

Out of Many: A History of the American People, 6e AP (Faragher, et al.) Chapter 24 The Great Depression and The New Deal, 1929-1940

1) Workers at the General Motors plant in Flint, Michigan, used the following tactic to win their rights: A) Sit-down strike. B) Slowdown. C) Walkout strike. D) Violent revolution. E) Destruction of plant machinery. Answer: A Page Ref: 840

2) The following allowed investors to buy stock easily in the 1920s: A) The destruction of the gold standard. B) Keeping the nation on the gold standard. C) Buying on margin. D) Buying stock through the mail. E) Providing employee stock option. Answer: C Page Ref: 848

3) The following were all reasons for a weakened U.S. economy EXCEPT: A) Weak farm sector. B) Wages did not keep up with production. C) Overproduction. D) Closing of banks. E) Unequal distribution of wealth. Answer: D Page Ref: 850

4) The following was the most powerful sign of a deepening depression in the early 1930s: A) Rising unemployment. B) Inflation. C) Closed offices. D) Government welfare. E) Soup kitchens. Answer: A Page Ref: 851 5) Joblessness produced the following conditions for families: A) The traditional authority of the male breadwinner eroded. B) A greater inequality in the home. C) Women and men equally shared housework. D) Child labor increased dramatically. E) Women lost their jobs and became full-time homemakers. Answer: A Page Ref: 852

6) Women who were employed during the Depression often found themselves victims of on-the- job A) Resentment. B) Sexual harassment. C) Violent attacks. D) Transfers to different locations. E) Abuse by angry husbands. Answer: B Page Ref: 852

7) Hoover's most important institutional response to the Depression was A) The War Finance Corporation. B) The Civilian Conservation Corporation. C) The National Labor Relations Act. D) The Federal Relief Act. E) The Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Answer: E Page Ref: 852

8) President Hoover's plan for recovery focused on restoring the confidence of A) The consumer. B) Business. C) Local governments. D) Stock market. E) International markets. Answer: B Page Ref: 852

9) The creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation reflected President Hoover's philosophy that the federal government should A) Organize work relief through private companies. B) Intervene when the states would not. C) Address the public's low purchasing power. D) Create agencies to do what competition failed to do. E) Restore business expansion. Answer: E Page Ref: 852 10) In an effort to save the banking structure of the U.S., Franklin Roosevelt declared A) A bank holiday. B) A national emergency. C) Social Security. D) The Reconstruction Finance Corporation. E) The Wagner Act. Answer: A Page Ref: 855

11) All of the following were New Deal reform measures implemented in the first 100 days EXCEPT: A) The Emergency Banking Act. B) The Civilian Conservation Corps. C) The Federal Emergency Relief Administration. D) The National Labor Relations Act. E) Agricultural Adjustment Administration. Answer: D Page Ref: 855-857, 859

12) Which one of the following programs is NOT correctly matched to its purpose? A) CCC/employed jobless young men in conservation projects. B) FERA/direct relief to states to fund work projects. C) AAA/active federal role in agricultural planning and price setting. D) NRA/provide jobs through federal construction projects. E) TVA/provide cheap electricity. Answer: D Page Ref: 855-856

13) The National Recovery Administration looked to stimulate production through A) Increased competition. B) Enforced Wage and Price controls. C) Government ownership of private corporations. D) Federal government loans to corporations. E) Government industrial codes. Answer: E Page Ref: 856

14) One of the anti-Roosevelt groups, the American Liberty League A) Funded Father Charles Coughlin's Wall Street attacks. B) Was made up of Republicans and conservative Democrats. C) Proposed a more radical solution to the Depression. D) Demanded more socialistic programs from the New Deal. E) Proposed the "old age revolving pension plan." Answer: B Page Ref: 857

15) Of all Roosevelt's critics, this one probably was the most politically strong and a potential third-party presidential candidate. A) Alfred E. Smith. B) Francis E. Townsend. C) Upton Sinclair. D) Charles Coughlin. E) Huey Pierce Long, Jr. Answer: E Page Ref: 858

16) The Share our Wealth Society attacked the New Deal from the left, proposing to A) Redistribute government lands according. B) Distribute the fortunes of the wealth evenly among all Americans. C) Spread the wealth of America abroad. D) Nationalize the banking system. E) Increase the income tax on the wealthy. Answer: B Page Ref: 858

17) Father Charles E. Coughlin regularly attacked the following group on his radio program: A) Immigrants. B) African Americans C) Labor unions. D) Protestants. E) Wall Street and international bankers. Answer: E Page Ref: 858

18) Why did FDR's advisors promote turning left and concentrating on social reform during the second 100 days of the New Deal? A) Pressure from Sinclair, Townsend, and Long. B) Leftward pressure from the public. C) Pressure from Coughlin, Liberty League, and Republicans. D) Pressure from traditional Democrats. E) Pressure from labor unions. Answer: A Page Ref: 859

19) The major significance of the Social Security Act of 1935 was A) It established the principle of national responsibility for citizens. B) It reestablished state control of the dole. C) It provided unemployment benefits to everyone. D) It provided retirement funds to all citizens. E) It allowed for future formation of unions. Answer: A Page Ref: 859

20) In contrast to the American Federation of Labor, the Committee of Industrial Organization organized workers by A) Craft. B) Income. C) Location. D) Level of skill. E) Industry. Answer: E Page Ref: 861

21) Which one of the following has the LEAST association with the other four? A) Rexford Guy Tugwell. B) Resettlement Administration. C) Model greenbelt communities. D) Section 7A or NIRA. E) Relocation. Answer: D Page Ref: 860

22) The CIO differed from the AFL in that A) The union organized African Americans, women, and unskilled labor. B) It distinguished between various gradations of labor. C) The union organized only skilled labor. D) The union organized only craft labor. E) The union organized only women in the garment industry. Answer: A Page Ref: 861

23) Why was the sit-down strike an effective tool for labor to utilize? A) It was never an effective tool. B) This method frustrated management who did not want to use force and damage machinery. C) This method prevented strikebreakers from taking over at plants. D) It allowed workers to continue working in a sitting position. E) The method encouraged "scab" workers to join unions. Answer: C Page Ref: 861

24) All of the following are members of the New Deal voting coalition EXCEPT: A) Chamber of Commerce members. B) White southern Democrats C) Big city political machines. D) Industrial workers. E) Depression hit farmers. Answer: A Page Ref: 862

25) The economic development of the West can be attributed to A) The cowboy spirit. B) Laissez faire economic practices. C) Western initiative and rugged individualism. D) An abundance of natural resources. E) Federal subsidies and rational planning. Answer: E Page Ref: 863

26) Which one of the following projects is NOT correctly matched with the area or river affected? A) Boulder Dam/Colorado River. B) Grand Coulee Dam/Columbia River. C) Central Valley Project/Sacramento River. D) Bonneville Dam/Mississippi River. E) They are all correctly matched. Answer: D Page Ref: 866-868

27) California repatriated Mexicans and Mexican Americans because A) Of pressure from unemployed whites who wanted the work held by Mexicans. B) Mexican Americans were willing to go anywhere for work. C) Mexico experienced labor shortages. D) Mexican Americans found better opportunities in other states. E) American Indians demanded these scarce jobs. Answer: A Page Ref: 878

28) Western voters delivered the vote to FDR in elections because he supported A) Government sponsored power projects. B) Grazing on government lands. C) Keeping public power in the hands of private utility companies. D) The repatriation of Mexicans. E) Local Mexican American Democratic politicians. Answer: A Page Ref: 867

29) Besides providing the cheapest electricity in the U.S., the Grand Coulee Dam also A) Became a significant tourist attraction. B) Destroyed the initiative of local farmers. C) Brought African American farmers to the region. D) Produced wealth for Mexican American workers. E) Brought new manufacturing to the region. Answer: E Page Ref: 868

30) Under the direction of Hallie Flanagan, this New Deal arts project was successful: A) Theater. B) Photography. C) Music. D) Painting. E) Architecture Answer: A Page Ref: 871

31) The Federal Theater Project's "Living Newspapers" A) updated classic plays B) dramatized current events. C) sponsored new production standards. D) documented local living conditions. E) used oral histories of ordinary Americans. Answer: B Page Ref: 871

32) The most popular form of entertainment in the 1930s was/were A) Radio. B) Movies. C) Spectator sport. D) Theater. E) Reading. Answer: B Page Ref: 873

33) African American writers supported the Communist Party because it took a firm stand on A) Lynching. B) Repatriation. C) Integration. D) Black nationalism. E) Welfare. Answer: A Page Ref: 872

34) In its beginnings, radio news A) Was not particularly popular. B) Covered all events, even controversial ones. C) Was not relied on by the average American. D) Failed to cover politically controversial events. E) Was seen as covering "harder" news than the papers. Answer: D Page Ref: 875

35) President Roosevelt's attempt to restructure the Supreme Court in 1937 A) Passed overwhelmingly in Congress. B) Resulted in an overturning of all his New Deal programs. C) Cost him in political power in Congress including his own party. D) Shifted the balance of power to the court. E) Delighted conservatives but appalled his liberal supporters. Answer: C Page Ref: 876

36) Which one of the following was NOT one of the ways that Eleanor Roosevelt saw her job as First Lady? A) A ceremonial position. B) An influence with her husband on behalf of her causes. C) A base for independent action. D) A guardian of human values within the administration. E) A buffer between depression victims and the government bureaucracy. Answer: A Page Ref: 877

37) Which one of the following members of the New Deal "women's network" is NOT correctly matched with her position? A) Ellen Woodward/head of women's project in the FERA. B) Molly Dewson/director of the Women's division of the Democratic Party. C) Frances Perkins/Secretary of Labor. D) Mary McLeod Bethune/Head of women's division of the CCC. E) They are all correctly matched. Answer: D Page Ref: 877

38) One of the consequences of FDR's court packing attempt was A) The Supreme Court started to uphold the constitutionality of New Deal legislation. B) The Supreme Court began to reject the New Deal more vigorously. C) He won over his Republican opposition. D) Southern Democrats gave their full support to FDR. E) African American labor leaders rejected the president's action. Answer: A Page Ref: 876

39) While the New Deal programs were discriminatory, Roosevelt issued an executive order banning discrimination in the A) Agricultural Administration. B) Tennessee Valley Authority. C) Civilian Conservation Corps. D) National Recovery Administration. E) Works Progress Administration. Answer: E Page Ref: 878

40) The "Battle of the Running Bulls" referred to A) The sporting arena atmosphere of the bull market in the 1920s. B) The government's ownership of the cattle industry. C) Labor strife at General Motors in Flint. D) Republicans opposed to the New Deal. E) Roosevelt's conflict with conservative Supreme Court justices. Answer: C Page Ref: 847

41) When FDR became president, one of the first things he did to re-establish confidence in the economy was A) Set up the Temporary Emergency Relief Administration. B) Declare a four-day bank holiday to shore up the banking system. C) Declare martial law. D) Establish the President's Emergency Committee on Unemployment. E) Establish the Reconstruction Finance Corporation. Answer: B Page Ref: 855

42) The Agricultural Adjustment Administration established parity pricing based upon the purchasing power enjoyed between: A) 1900–1905. B) 1909–1914. C) 1914–1918. D) 1918–1925. E) 1925–1929. Answer: B Page Ref: 856

43) The Public Works Administration or PWA was based on the principle of "priming the pump" which meant stimulating the economy through A) Providing jobs and increasing consumer spending. B) Forcing economic growth through government decree. C) Making credit available to businesses, banks and industries. D) Encouraging small businesses and self-employment. E) Setting prices at 1909 to 1914 purchasing power average. Answer: A Page Ref: 856

44) Al Smith was to the American Liberty League as Huey Long was to the A) American Socialist Party. B) Abraham Lincoln Brigade. C) EPIC Society. D) Townsend Clubs. E) Share Our Wealth Society. Answer: E Page Ref: 858

45) When militant union leaders John L. Lewis and Sidney Hillman pushed to form a committee within the AFL to study industrial organizing, their goal was to A) Run an independent presidential candidate for the 1936 election. B) Organize unions, not by crafts, but by mass production workers. C) Make unions obsolete. D) Draw all unions together into one huge and more powerful organization. E) Persuade Roosevelt to enact more social reform programs. Answer: B Page Ref: 861

46) This conservative Democrat and member of the American Liberty League attacked the New Deal on the grounds that it was "socialistic." A) Alfred Landon. B) Alfred Smith. C) William Randolph Hearst. D) William Inge. E) William Allen White. Answer: B Page Ref: 857

47) If you were a western voter in 1932, Roosevelt's support for this was significant in winning your political backing: A) Boulder Dam. B) All-American Canal. C) TVA. D) Central Valley Project. E) Grand Hoover Dam. Answer: A Page Ref: 866-867

48) Overall federal agricultural and reclamation programs probably helped this group the most: A) Sharecroppers. B) Indian reservations. C) Large-scale farmers. D) Farm workers. E) Mexican day laborers. Answer: C Page Ref: 868

49) Under John Collier and the Indian Reorganization Act, the Bureau of Indian Affairs did much to improve Indian situations. The heart of the IRA and Collier's attitude was A) Strengthening the assimilation programs of the Dawes Act. B) The Committee of Indian Reorganization (CIO) to lobby the Congress. C) Preserving Indian history through the Federal Writers Project. D) To restore tribal structures and tribal power to Indian groups. E) To end the last traces of tribal culture. Answer: D Page Ref: 869 50) FDR's fireside chats and Charles Coughlin's Nation Union for Social Justice shared what in common? A) More leftist ideas. B) Potential power of radio. C) Wanting more federal activism. D) A common economic and racial attitude. E) Populist/progressive mixtures. Answer: B Page Ref: 855, 858

51) Schecter v. the United States was to the National Recovery Administration as Butler v. the United States was to the A) National Labor Relations Act. B) Reclamation Bureau. C) Federal Theater Project. D) Agricultural Adjustment Administration. E) Public Works Administration. Answer: D Page Ref: 876

52) Which one of the following is the CAUSE of the others? A) Federal Reserve System tightens credit policies. B) Another stock market collapse. C) The Roosevelt recession worsens economic conditions. D) The Fair Labor Standards Act is passed. E) Federal spending is cut back in the WPA and in farm programs. Answer: E Page Ref: 879

53) The Fair Labor Standards Act established this: A) Federal minimum wage. B) Credit card laws. C) Public housing construction. D) Closed shop. E) Open shop. Answer: A Page Ref: 879

54) Which one of the following is NOT a 1933 New Deal program? A) AAA. B) CCC. C) FERA. D) TVA. E) CIO. Answer: E Page Ref: 857, 861

55) FDR beats Alfred Landon in an election landslide in A) 1928. B) 1932. C) 1936. D) 1938. E) 1940. Answer: C Page Ref: 880

56) The continued perils of union organizing are shown in the Memorial Day massacre in Chicago in A) 1930. B) 1933. C) 1935. D) 1937. E) 1941. Answer: D Page Ref: 880

57) In 1938 this group withdraws from the American Federation of Labor: A) African Americans. B) NLR.A C) The Teamsters. D) UAW. E) CIO. Answer: E Page Ref: 880

58) Which one of the following was NOT a state that voted for Hoover in the 1932 election? A) Maine. B) Vermont. C) Pennsylvania. D) Connecticut. E) Oregon. Answer: E Page Ref: 853

59) In what region of the United States was the Central Valley project? A) North. B) South. C) East. D) West. E) Midwest. Answer: D Page Ref: 867 60) Which of the following states was LEAST affected by the Dust Bowl? A) Colorado. B) Oklahoma. C) Texas. D) Kansas. E) Montana. Answer: E Page Ref: 864

61) Put the following events in proper order. (1) FDR is elected president for first time. (2) Sit-down strike begins at General Motors Plant in Flint, Michigan. (3) Twenty-first Amendment repeals prohibition. (4) Bonus Army marches on Washington. A) 1, 4, 2, 3 B) 2, 3, 1, 4 C) 4, 1, 3, 2 D) 3, 4, 2, 1 E) 3, 1, 2, 4 Answer: C Page Ref: 880

62) Which one of the following did NOT happen in 1935? A) The Committee for Industrial Organization is established. B) The Second New Deal begins. C) Dust storms turn southern Great Plains into the Dust Bowl. D) Boulder Dam completed. E) Repeal of the Dawes Severalty Act. Answer: E Page Ref: 880

63) This act, which established the first PERMANENT national minimum wage, is enacted in 1938. A) The National Housing Act. B) The Glass-Steagall Act. C) The National Industrial Recovery Act. D) The Equal Opportunity Act. E) The Fair Labor Standards Act. Answer: E Page Ref: 880