Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Karnataka s56

RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES, KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

M. PHARM SYNOPSIS YEAR OF ADMISSION-AUGUST-2013

TITLE OF THE SYNOPSIS

“PREPARATION AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY USING MOMORDICA CHARANTIA AND EMILIA SONCHIFOLIA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY”.

BY Mr. DIGAMBAR S. PARPOLKAR, M. Pharm. part I, Department of Pharmaceutics.

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. SIDHARTH M. PATIL, M. Pharm. Asst. Prof. Department of Pharmaceutics.

KLEs’S COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, AKKOL ROAD, NIPANI, KARNATAKA. RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.

ANNEXURE-II

PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION

1. NAME OF THE Mr. DIGAMBAR SHANKAR PARPOLKAR, CANDIDATE S/O-SHANKAR TUKARAM PARPOLKAR, AND ADDRESS A/P-SUTAR GALLI, AJARA-416505, DIST-KOLHAPUR, MAHARASHTRA.

2. NAME OF THE KLES’S COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, INSTITUTION AKKOL ROAD, NIPANI-591237, DIST:- BELGAUM, KARNATAKA.

3. COURSE OF STUDY AND MASTER OF PHARMACY IN PHARMACEUTICS. SUBJECT

4. DATE OF ADMISSION AUG-2013

5.TITLE OF THE TOPIC

“PREPARATION AND COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES BY USING MOMORDICA CHARANTIA AND EMILIA SONCHIFOLIA FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY”.

2 6.0 BRIEF REVIEW OF THE INTENDED WORK

6.1- Need for the study -  A microorganism is a microscopic organism which may be a single cell or multicellular organism. The antimicrobial is an agent that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganism. Antimicrobial medicines or agents can be divided according to the microorganisms they act primarily against. For example, antibacterials are used against bacteria and antifungals are used against fungi. Antimicrobial agents are greatest contribution of the 20th century to therapeutics.

 Nanotechnology is a novel technique which works at molecular scale of dimension between 1 and 100 nm. This technology is started a new era to fight and prevent life threatening lethal diseases.1 Nanotechnology is rapidly growing by producing nanoproducts and nanoparticles (NPs) that can have novel and size-related physico-chemical properties differing significantly from larger matter. The novel properties of nanoparticles have been exploited in a wide range of potential applications in medicine, cosmetics, renewable energies, environmental remediation and biomedical devices.2

 Silver in the form of metallic silver, silver nitrate, silver sulfadiazine has been used many years in the treatment of burns, wounds and several bacterial infections. But due to the emergence of several antibiotics the use of these silver compounds reduced. But pathogenic bacteria have developed resistance against various antibiotics. Hence, silver nanoparticles have emerged with diverse medical applications ranging from silver based dressings, silver coated medicinal devices.3

 Silver nanoparticles are prepared by different methods like chemical and physical but they are found to be costly and in that the use of various toxic chemicals for their synthesis makes the biological synthesis the more preferred option. In the biological synthesis bacterial, fungal, and plant extract sources can be used for silver nanoparticle synthesis by green technology. In antimicrobial therapy the silver nanoparticles is most important because Silver has always been an excellent antimicrobial agent.

3 The unique physical and chemical properties of silver nanoparticles only increase

6.3 - Objective of the Study

Following are the objectives of the present study

1) To carry out Preformulation study. 2) To prepare and evaluate silver nanoparticles using Momordica charantia linn and Emilia sonchifolia. 3) To ascertain the effect of selected plant extract on characteristic of developed NPs.

4 7.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS - Materials  Plant material- The extract of Momordica charantia linn and Emilia sonchifolia.

 Drug- Silver nanoparticles (green synthesis).

 Chemicals- Silver nitrate, Silver sulphadiazine, Reducing agents etc.

Method :

The AgNPs is synthesized by treating the AgNO3 solutions with plant extract.

7.1 - Source of Data a) Journals such as, 1) Indian Drug. 2) Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and research. 3) International Journal of Pharmaceuticals. 4) Drug Development & Industrial Pharmacy. 5) Journal of Controlled Release. b) Review articles c) World Wide Web. d) J-gate@Helinet. e) Science Direct, Pub med. f) Library: KLES’s College of Pharmacy. g) E-library: KLES’s College of Pharmacy.

5 7.2 - Method of collection of data - .

 The evaluation of Silver nanoparticles shall be carried out by using following instruments.

1. surface Morphology: SEM, microscopy,

2. Particle size determination; XRD

7.3 - Does the study require any investigations or interventions to be conducted on patients or other humans or animals? If so, please describe briefly.

“NO” (The study do not requires animal to evaluate activity.)

7.4 - Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?

“ NOT APPLICABLE ”

8.0 REFERENCES –

1. Bhowmik D., Chiranjib, Chandira M. R., Jayakar B. “Role of nanotechnology in novel drug delivery system”. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology. 2009; 1(1):20-35.

2. Quang H., Nguyen V., Tuan A. “Silver nanoparticles synthesis, properties, toxicology, applications and perspectives”. Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 2013; 03:1-20.

3. Mahendra R., Yadav A., Gade A. “Silver nanoparticles as a new generation of antimicrobials”. Biotechnology Advances. 2009; 27:76–83.

4. Geethalakshmi R., Sarada D. “Synthesis of plant-mediated silver nanoparticles using Trianthema decandra extract and valuation of their anti microbial activities”. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology. 2010; 2(5):970-75.

5. Sukumaran P., Poulose E.K. “Silver nanoparticles mechanism of antimicrobial action, synthesis, medical applications, and toxicity effects”. Prabhu and Poulose International. 2012; 2(32):2-10.

6. Madhu G., Sharama S., Gautam A.K., Bhadauria R. “Momordica charantia linn (karela)”. Nature’s Silent Healer. 2011;11(1):32-37.

7. Mamta R. “Natural antioxidant (flavone glycoside) from Emilia sonchifolia dc and its

potential activity”. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science. (2011); 4(1):159-162.

8. Mishra M., Kumar H., Tripathi K. “Diabetic deladed wound healing and the role of silver nanoparticles”. Digest Journal of Nanomaterial and Biostructures. 2008;3(2):49-54.

9. Vijaya R.D., Anarkali J., Rajathi K., Shridhr S. “Green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from the leaf extract of Aristolochia bracteata and its antimicrobial efficacy”. International Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures. 2012; 2(2): 11-15.

7 10. Mallikarjuna K., Narasimha G., Dillip G. R., Praveen B., Shreedhar B., Shree lakshmi C., Reddy B.V., Raju B.D. “Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ocimum leaf extrct and their characterization”. Design Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures. 2011; 6(1):181-6.

11. Satyavani K., Ramanathan T., Gurudeeban S. “Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using stem derived callus extract of bitter apple (Citrullus colocynthis)”. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures. 2011; 6(3):1019 -1024.

12. Khan M., Adil S.F., Tahir M.N., Khan M., Tremel W., Alkhathlan H.Z., Al-warthan A., Rafiq M., Siddiqui H. “Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles mediated by pulicaria glutinosa extract”. International Journal of Nanomedicine. 2013;8:1507–1516.

13. Galdiero S., Falanga A., Vitiello M., Cantisani M., Marra V., Galdiero M. “Silver nanoparticles as potential antiviral agents”. Molecules. 2011; 16:8894-8918.

14. Patil S.V., Borase H.P., Patil C.D., Salunkhe, Narkhede C.P., Salunkhe B.K. “Phyto-

synthesized silver nanoparticles a potent mosquito biolarvicidal agent borase”. Journal of Nanomedine Biotherapeutic Discovery. 2013; 3:1-7.

15. Sahoo P. K., Kalyan kamal S. S., Kumar T. J, Sreedhar B., Singh A. K., Srivastava

S.K. “Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using facile wet chemical route”. Defence Science Journal. 2009; 59(4):447-455.

8 9. SIGNATURE OF THE CANDIDATE

10. REMARKS OF THE GUIDE Rcommended

11. NAME AND DESIGNATION OF

11.1 Guide Mr. SIDHARTH M. PATIL. M.Pharm.

Asst. Prof. Department of Pharmaceutics

11.2 Signature

11.3 Co-Guide ( If any) -----NA-----

11.4 Signature -----NA-----

11.5 Head of the Department Prof. (Dr). J. K. Saboji, M.Pharm. Ph.D Professor & Head Department of Pharmaceutics

11.6 Signature

12. 12.1 Remarks of the Chairman Forwarded to the University for approval Principal

12.2 Signature Principal Prof. (Dr). J. K. SABOJI M.Pharm. Ph.D KLES’s College of Pharmacy Akkol Road, NIPANI-591237.