Tokugawa Laws of Japan in 1634

Global History & Geography 10 Name: ______Imperialism/Meiji Japan Date: ______Ms. Masseo

Document 1A Tokugawa Laws of Japan in 1634 • Japanese ships shall not be sent abroad. • No Japanese shall be sent abroad. Anyone breaking this law shall suffer the penalty of death. . . • All Japanese living abroad shall be put to death when they return home. • The arrival of foreign ships must be reported to Edo [Tokyo] and a watch kept over them. • The samurai shall not buy goods on board foreign ships.

What was the Tokugawa policy toward foreign trade?

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Document 1B

Who controlled the government during the Tokugawa (1603-1867) period in Japan? ______

Based upon this diagram, what inferences can you make about Japanese society during the Tokugawa period?

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How does the Tokugawa period in Japan differ from life in Europe during the 17-1800’s? ______

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______Document 2A By this Oath we set up as our aim the establishment of the national weal on a broad basis and the framing of a constitution and laws. Deliberative assemblies shall be widely established and all matters decided by public discussion. All classes, high and low, shall unite in vigorously carrying out the administration of affairs of state. The common people, no less than the civil and military officials, shall each be allowed to pursue his own calling so that there may be no discontent. Evil customs of the past shall be broken off and everything based upon the just laws of Nature. Knowledge shall be sought throughout the world so as to strengthen the foundations of imperial rule. The Charter Oath (of the Meiji Restoration), 1868

Based upon the diagram in 2A and the Charter Oath, what changes do the new Meiji leaders plan to make in Japan?

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Document 2B Article 3. The Emperor is sacred and inviolable. Article 5. The Emperor exercises the legislative power with the consent of the Imperial Diet. Article 6. The Emperor gives sanction to laws, and orders them to be promulgated and executed. Article 11. The Emperor has the supreme command of the Army and Navy. Article 12. The Emperor determines the organization and peace standing of the Army and Navy. Article 13. The Emperor declares war, makes peace, and concludes treaties. Article 20. Japanese subjects are amenable to service in the Army or Navy, according to the provisions of law. Article 21. Japanese subjects are amenable to the duty of paying taxes, according to the provisions of law. Article 22. Japanese subjects shall have the liberty of abode and of changing the same within the limits of the law. Article 23. No Japanese subject shall be arrested, detained, tried or punished, unless according to law. Article 29. Japanese subjects shall, within the limits of law, enjoy the liberty of speech, writing, publication, public meetings and associations. Article 35. The House of Representatives shall be composed of members elected by the people, according to the provisions of the law of Election. Article 37. Every law requires the consent of the Imperial Diet. The Constitution of the Empire of Japan, 1889

In what ways does the Japanese constitution of 1889 compare to Western governments?

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______Document 3 “…I am willing to admit my pride in this accomplishment for Japan. The facts are these: It was not until the sixth year of Kaei (1853) that a steamship was seen for the first time; it was only in the second year of Ansei (1855) that we began to study navigation from the Dutch in Nagasaki; by 1860, the science was sufficiently understood to enable us to sail a ship across the Pacific. This means that about seven years after the first sight of a steamship, after only about five years of practice, the Japanese people made a trans- Pacific crossing without help from foreign experts. I think we can without undue pride boast before the world of this courage and skill. As I have shown, the Japanese officers were to receive no aid from Captain Brooke throughout the voyage. Even in taking observations, our officers and the Americans made them independently of each other. Sometimes they compared their results, but we were never in the least dependent on the Americans….” — Eiichi Kiyooka, trans., The Autobiography of Fukuzawa Yukichi, The Hokuseido Press, 1934

According to Eiichi Kiyooka, why should the Japanese be proud of their country?

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Document 4

According to this graph, what economic change occurred during the Meiji rule?

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______Document 5 How does this map prove the Meiji reforms were “successful”?

Who did the Japanese fight in order to create their empire? Your thoughts?

Put it all together: What steps did Japan take to modernize its country? Politically Economically Socially

Closure: The Chinese and the Japanese responded differently to Western Imperialist. Who do you think make the better choice? Defend your response. ______

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