Sociology 6760: Social Policy and Inequality

Sociology 6760: Social Policy and Inequality Utah State University Monday 3:30 – 6:00 pm Distance Education 006 Fall 2017

Instructor: Professor Sojung Lim Office: Old Main 224H E-mail: [email protected] Office hours: Tuesday 1:00-3:00 pm

Course Description

This course examines the causes and consequences of inequality with particular emphasis on the role of social policies in reducing or exacerbating inequality. For this purpose, we aim to understand the interactions between various institutions (e.g., labor market, family, gender) and how these interactions, in conjunction with social policies, affect inequality among individuals and their families. Our focus on the impact of social institutions and the broad socioeconomic and political context on individuals and their families is rooted in a sociological perspective, i.e., “sociological imagination,” since, according to American sociologist C. Wright Mills, “The life of an individual cannot be adequately understood without references to the institutions within which his biography is enacted.”

This course is comprised of two parts: In Part I, we discuss general issues related to social policy and inequality (e.g., trends in inequality and concepts/measures of poverty). We then move to more specific topics (e.g., the role of family policy in inequality and poverty) in Part II. We will draw upon evidence from social science research by reading two assigned textbooks (see details below) as well articles/books from various disciplines that cover a number of substantive and regional foci. In addition to required readings, I include a list of suggested readings for those who want to read more in breadth and depth of specific social policy issues. Suggested readings will also help you develop ideas for your final paper and/or for moderating class discussions.

While most of the examples of policies are drawn from US experiences, we will also examine examples from the cross-national literature since many policy issues such as labor market inequality and immigration are multinational in scope and the effect of social policies on inequality may depend on contextual specificity in different countries. For obvious reasons, we can also learn from the successes and failures from other countries.

Because of both the size and nature of the course, class meetings will be conducted in seminar style with students leading discussions each week. In addition, students will have opportunities to present their research, to provide/receive peer-reviewed comments for their own research as well as other students’ work, and conduct/write their own research on inequality and social policy.

1 R e quir e d Course R e ad i ng s

Maria Cancian & Sheldon Danziger. 2009. Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. Carolyn J. Heinrich & John Karl Scholz. 2009. Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Suggested Supplemental Readings

Wilson, William Julius. 2009. More than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner City. Freeman, Richard. 2007. America Works: Critical Thoughts on the Exceptional American Labor Market. Seefeldt, Kristin. 2008. Working After Welfare: How Women Balance Jobs and Family in the Wake of Welfare Reform. Haskins, Ron. 2006. Work Over Welfare: The Inside Story of the 1996 Welfare Reform Law. Lin, Ann Chih and David R. Harris, eds. 2008. The Colors of Poverty: Why Racial and Ethnic Disparities Persist. Rainwater, Lee and Timothy Smeeding. 2003. Poor Kids in a Rich Country. Lang, Kevin. 2007. Poverty and Discrimination. Danziger, Sheldon and Robert Haveman, eds. 2002. Understanding Poverty. Blank, Rebecca and Ron Haskins, eds. 2001. The New World of Welfare. Edin, Kathryn and Maria Kefalas. 2005. Promises I Can Keep. Edelman, Peter, Harry Holzer, and Paul Offner. 2006. Reconnecting Disadvantaged Young Men. Mary, Pattillo. 2007. Black on the Block: The Politics of Race and Class in the City. Smith, Sandra and Lone Pursuit. 2007. Distrust and Defensive Individualism Among the Black Poor. Newman, Katherine and Victor Tan Chen. 2007. The Missing Class: Portraits of the Near Poor in America. Danziger, Sheldon and Peter Gottschalk. 1995. America Unequal.

Requirements and Grading

1. Class participation (15%) It is imperative that you keep up with readings and arrive in class prepared to participate in discussions. Class participation also includes serving as a moderator/discussant in class discussions on the day of your choice. The topics and other details about the role of moderator/discussant will be discussed during the first class (8/28). As a moderator/discussant, each student is required to gather discussion questions from other students (which are submitted to the dropbox on Canvas by Sunday), organize questions by themes/topics, and prepare handouts of discussion questions for the entire class. Individual classroom participation will be assessed all semester.

2. Weekly written assignments (30%) Weekly written assignments include two parts. First, each student is required to write weekly reaction papers after reading all required readings. The paper/memos should not be summaries of the week’s readings. Instead, they should include your reactions and analyses of arguments of the

2 authors: you may compare and contrast perspectives, methods, findings, implications, and policy recommendations of different articles. You may also include questions authors raise but do not answer or you may pose new questions that arise from the readings. Your reaction paper should be about 300-500 words and is due by noon on Monday. The first reaction paper is due on Monday, 9/11. Second, each student is required to prepare at least three questions for class discussions. You need to include your questions at the end of the weekly reaction paper with the subtitle “Discussion Questions.” You may include passage(s) along with the suggested discussion questions to provide background for your discussion questions if necessary. You also need to send your discussion questions to a student moderator/discussant by Sunday so that he/she has time to collect/organize discussion questions before the class time on Monday.

3. Writing workshop assignments (5%): There will be three mini-workshops on writing a scholarly article and a peer-review. Each workshop involves one exercise that helps students apply strategies and skills covered on that day. The last exercise requires students to provide a peer-review for another student’s term paper (which is randomly assigned). Detailed guidelines on workshops will be distributed the week before each workshop.

4. Final Paper and presentation (50%) For your final project, you are required to write a research paper that identifies a specific research question, summarizes relevant literature, and, if possible, employs the most appropriate analytical tool to address that question. I recommend two formats for term papers: (1) an original research paper on a topic of interest to you. This might serve as the basis for an MA thesis, a journal submission, or a chapter of your dissertation. Research papers can be either empirical or theoretical; (2) a detailed proposal for a research project, including an extensive and critical review of the existing literature on the topic. This might serve as the basis for a grant proposal to support your thesis/dissertation research or future work. Because writing a research paper is no easy task, I recommend that you get started on your papers as soon as possible. To facilitate your progress, I ask you to submit a 1-2-page research proposal by 10/9. Your proposal should include a brief summary of your topic, research question/hypothesis, proposed data/methods (if available), and the target venue of your paper (e.g., a specific journal/conference/grant competition). Based on this proposal, I will meet each student during weeks 7 and 8 (10/16-27) to discuss their proposals in detail. Students will also need to send their preliminary draft to a randomly assigned partner by 11/27 before the class meets (i.e., 1 week before the student presentations). After receiving the draft of your partner, you should send a short peer-review article (1-2 pages single-spaced) to your partner and to me (at the dropbox on Canvas) by 12/4 (Monday). Detailed guidelines on how to write peer-review comments will be distributed on 11/20 (Week 12, Writing workshop 3). We will spend the final week’s class time (Week 14) presenting and discussing students’ research papers. I am hoping that we can run the presentation of papers like a very efficient conference (i.e., 12-15-minute presentations, followed by Q&A). After the student-presentation sessions, each student will have received at least three comments: from the instructor (i.e., individual meeting), a fellow student (i.e., peer-reviewer), and the entire class (i.e., after your presentation). Please revise your paper based on these comments and feedback between 11/27 and 12/11. The final paper is to be no more than 25 pages long, including references and tables (if applicable). It should be written in 12 pt. font,

3 double-spaced, with ASA-formatted references. Please submit an electronic copy of your paper via the Dropbox on Canvas by 5pm on Monday, 12/11. Late submissions will not be accepted. The final paper will be 50% of the course grade, including your presentation (5%).

Useful web sites for background readings and research for final paper:

Administration for Children and Families: ______http://www.acf.dhhs.gov Asst. Secy. of HHS for Planning and Eval.: ______http://aspe.os.dhhs.gov Brookings Institute: ______http://www.Brookings.edu Census Bureau: ______http://www.census.gov Center on Budget and Policy Priorities: ______http://www.cbpp.org Center for Law and Social Policy: ______http://www.clasp.org Children’s Defense Fund: ______http://www.childrensdefense.org Future of Children ______http://www.futureofchildren.com Heritage Foundation: ______http://www.heritage.org Institute for Research on Poverty: ______http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/irp Joint Center for Poverty Research ______http://www.jcpr.org Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation: ______http://www.mdrc.org Michigan Program on Poverty and Social Welfare Policy: ______http://www.ssw.umich.edu/poverty/pubs.html National Poverty Center: ______http://www.npc.umich.edu Urban Institute: ______http://www.urban.org Welfare Information Network: ______http://www.welfareinfo.org PEW Research Center:______http://people-press.org

COURSE OUTLINE Subject to change. Please monitor course announcements.

Part I: Introduction and Overview Week 1 (August 28): Course Overview and Introduction **LABOR DAY: NO CLASS (September 4)** Week 2 (September 11): Trends in Poverty, Mobility, and Inequality Week 3 (September 18): Concepts and Measures of Poverty Week 4 (September 25): Policy and Inequality in Historical Perspective [Writing workshop 1: Model Article]

Part II: Institutions, Social Policy, and Inequality Week 5 (October 2): Labor Market Inequality and Social Policy I Week 6 (October 9): Labor Market Inequality and Social Policy II **RESEARCH PROPOSAL DUE** Week 7 (October 16): Family Inequality and Social Policy I [Writing workshop 2: Literature Analysis] Week 8 (October 23): Family Inequality and Social Policy II Week 9 (October 30): Education and Inequality Week 10 (November 6): Penal System and Inequality

4 Week 11 (November 20): Independent research Week 12 (November 20): Immigration and Inequality [Writing workshop 3: How to Write a Review] Week 13 (November 27): Health Care **PRELIMINARY DRAFT DUE** Week 14 (December 4): Student Presentations **A PEER-REVIEW ARTICLE DUE** Week 15 (December 11): **FINAL PAPER DUE** (Monday, 12/11, 5pm)

Reading Lists Subject to change. Please pay attention to course announcements.

PART I: INTRODUCTION & OVERVIEW

Week 1 (August 28): Course Overview and Introduction

LABOR DAY: NO CLASS (September 4)

Week 2 (September 11): Trends in Poverty, Mobility, and Inequality Required Readings: 1. Maria Cancian and Sheldon Danziger. “Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies.” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 1). 2. Rebecca M. Blank. “Economic Change and the Structure of Opportunity for Less-Skilled Workers” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 3). 3. Maria Cancian and Deborah Reed. “Family Structure, Childbearing, and Parental Employment: Implications for the Level and Trends in Poverty” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 4). 4. Jantti, Markus. “Mobility in the United States in Comparative Perspective,” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 7). Suggested Readings: 1. G. Acs and A. Nichols. 2010. “America Insecure: Changes in the Economic Security of American Families,” Urban Institute. http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412055_america_insecure.pdf 2. T. Smeeding and J. Waldfogel. 2010. “Fighting Child Poverty in the United States and the United Kingdom: An Update:” http://www.irp.wisc.edu/publications/fastfocus/pdfs/FF8-2010.pdf 3. J. Waldfogel, 2010. Britain’s War on Poverty, Introduction, https://www.russellsage.org/sites/default/files/Introductiopn.pdf

Week 3 (September 18): Concepts and Measures of Poverty Required Readings: 1. Daniel R. Meyer and Geoffrey L. Wallace. “Poverty Levels and Trends in Comparative Perspective.” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 2). 2. Robert Havemen. “What Does It Mean to Be Poor in a Rich Society?” in

5 Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 14). 3. R. Blank and M. Greenberg. 2008.“Improving the Measurement of Poverty,” Brooking Institution, Hamilton Project. https://www.brookings.edu/wp- content/uploads/2016/06/12_poverty_measurement_blank.pdf 4. U.S. Census Bureau. “How the Census Measures Poverty.” https://www.census.gov/topics/income-poverty/poverty/guidance/poverty-measures.html Suggested Readings: 1. U.S. Census Bureau. 2009. Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage, Current Population Reports (Washington, DC), available from: http://www.census.gov/prod/2010pubs/p60-238.pdf 2. R. Rector, “Reducing Poverty by Revitalizing Marriage in Low-Income Communities: A memo to President-Elect Obama,” January 13, 2009. Heritage Foundation. http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2009/01/reducing-poverty-by-revitalizing- marriage-in-low-income-communities

Week 4 (September 25): Policy and Inequality in Historical and Perspective [Workshop 1: Model Article] Required Readings: 1. Danziger, Sheldon. “Fighting Poverty Revisited: What did researchers know 40 years ago? What do we know today?” Focus 25.1 (2007): 3-11. http://irp.wisc.edu/publications/focus/pdfs/foc251a.pdf 2. R. Kent Weaver. “The Politics of Low-Income Families in the United States” in Heinrich & Scholz (ed.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 9) 3. Bane, Mary Jo. “Poverty Politics and Policy” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 13). 4. Scholz, John Karl, Robert Moffitt, and Benjamin Cowan. “Trends in Income Support” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 8). 5. L. Mead, 2007. “Why Welfare Reform Succeeded,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.20253/pdf 6. S. Parrott and A. Sherman, 2007. “TANF’s Results are More Mixed than is Often Understood,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.20254/pdf 7. L. Mead, 2007. “Response to Parrott and Sherman,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.20255/pdf 8. S. Parrott and A. Sherman, 2007. “Response to Mead,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.20256/pdf 9. G. Berlin. 2010. “Rethinking Welfare in the Great Recession: Issues in the Reauthorization of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families,” Testimony before the Senate Finance Committee, http://www.mdrc.org/sites/default/files/Rethinking %20Welfare%20in%20the%20Great%20Recession.pdf

PART II: INSTITUTIONS, SOCIAL POLICY, AND INEQUALITY

Week 5 (October 2): Labor Market Inequality and Social Policy I

6 Required Readings: 1. Harry J. Holzer. “Workforce Development as an Antipoverty Strategy: What Do We Know? What Should We do?” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 11). 2. Heinrich & Scholz. “Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better” in Heinrich & Scholz (ed.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 1) 3. Arne L. Kalleberg. 2009. “Precarious Work, Insecure Workers” American Sociological Review 74:1-22. 4. David Autor. 2010. “U.S. Labor Market Challenges Over the Long Term.” (Visit http://economics.mit.edu/faculty/dautor/policy to print out/read this paper.) 5. C. Heinrich and H. Holzer, 2009. “Improving Education and Employment for Disadvantaged Young Men: Proven and Promising Strategies,” http://www.urban.org/UploadedPDF/412086-disadvantaged-young-men.pdf Suggested Readings: 1. R. Freeman. 2007. America Works: The Exceptional U.S. Labor Market, Introduction, Ch. 1 & 2, pp. 1-40.

Week 6 (October 9): Labor Market Inequality and Social Policy II **RESEARCH PROPOSAL DUE** Required Readings: 1. David Neumark. “Alternative Labor-Market Policies to Increase Economic Self- Sufficiency: Mandating Higher Wages, Subsidizing Employment, and Increasing Productivity” in Heinrich & Scholz (ed.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 2) 2. Jayanta Bhattacharya and Peter Richmond. “On Work and Health among the American Poor” in Heinrich & Scholz (ed.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 3) 3. Price, Richard H., and Sarah A. Burgard. 2008. "The New Employment Contract and Worker Health in the United States." Schoneni et al. (ed.) in Making Americans healthier: Social and Economic Policy as Health Policy. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard_Price11/publication/255654634_The_New _Employment_Contract_and_Worker_Health_in_the_United_States/links/00b49538759f a4dfca000000.pdf 4. Sack, Kevin. (2008, August 13). Health Benefits Inspire Rush to Marry, or Divorce. New York Times. Retrieve from http://www.nytimes.com 5. Presser, Harriet B. 1999. “Toward a 24-Hour Economy.” Science 284: 1778-79. 6. G. Duncan, A. Huston, T. Weisner. 2008. Higher Ground: New Hope for the Working Poor and Their Children. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. http://www.russellsage.org/sites/all/files/duncan+chapter1_pdf_0.pdf Suggested Readings: 1. Benach, Joan, & Carles Muntaner. 2007. “Precarious Employment and Health: Developing a Research Agenda.” Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 61: 276-277.

Week 7 (October 16): Family Inequality and Social Policy I

7 [Workshop 2: Literature Analysis] Required Readings: 1. Lundberg, Shelly, and Robert A. Pollak. "The Evolving Role of Marriage: 1950– 2010." Future of Children 25.2 (2015): 29-50. 2. Burstein, Nancy R. 2007. “Economic Influences on Marriage and Divorce,” Journal of Policy Analysis and Management. 26: 387-429. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pam.20257/pdf 3. Smeeding, Timothy, Irwin Garfinkel, and Ronald B. Mincy, 2011. Young Disadvantaged Men: Fathers, Families, Poverty, and Policy. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 635-1. 4. McLanahan, Sara, Ron Haskins, Irwin Garfinkel, Ronald B. Mincy and Elisabeth Donahue. 2010. "Strengthening fragile families." The Future of Children. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/reports/2010/10/27-fragile-families- foc/1027_fragile_families_foc_policy_brief.pdf 5. Meyer, Daniel R., and Marcia J. Carlson. 2014. "Family Complexity Implications for Policy and Research." The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 654.1: 259-276. 6. S. Coontz and N. Folbre, “Marriage, Poverty, and Public Policy,” The American Prospect, 2002: http://www.prospect.org/cs/articles? article=marriage_poverty_and_public_policy 7. Cancian, Maria, Daniel R. Meyer, and Deborah Reed. 2010. "Promising antipoverty strategies for families." Poverty & Public Policy 2(3): 151-169. Suggested Readings: 1. Smock et al. 2005. “Everything’s There Except Money.” Journal of Marriage and Family 67:680-696. 2. Gibson-Davis et al. 2005. “High Hopes but Even Higher Expectations: The Retreat from Marriage among Low-Income Couples.” Journal of Marriage and Family 67:1301-1312. 3. Boo, Katherine. “The Marriage Cure: Is Wedlock Really a Way Out of Poverty?” The New Yorker, August, 18, 2003. http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2003/08/18/the-marriage-cure 4. Breen, Richard, and Leire Salazar. 2011. "Educational Assortative Mating and Earnings Inequality in the United States." American Journal of Sociology 117(3): 808-843. 5. *L. Tach and K. Edin. 2011. “The Relationship Contexts of Young Disadvantaged Men.” Annuals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 76-94.

Week 8 (October 23): Family Inequality and Social Policy II Required Readings: 1. Waldfogel, Jane. “The Role of Family Policies in Antipoverty Policy?” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 9). 2. Blank, Rebecca M. and Brian K. Kovak. “The Growing Problem of Disconnected Single Mothers,” Heinrich and Scholz (eds.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 7) 3. Prince Cooke, Lynn, and Janeen Baxter. 2010. ““Families” in International

8 Context: Comparing Institutional Effects across Western Societies.” Journal of Marriage and Family 72 (3): 516-536. 4. Kollmeyer, Christopher. 2012. "Family Structure, Female Employment, and National Income Inequality: A Cross-National Study of 16 Western Countries." European Sociological Review 1-12. 5. Christopher, Karen, Paula England, Timothy M. Smeeding, and Katherin Ross Phillips. 2002. “The Gender Gap in Poverty in Modern Nations: Single Motherhood, The Market, and the State” Sociological Perspectives 45(3): 219-242. 6. Folbre, Nancy. 1994. “Children as Public Goods” The American Economic Review, 84:86-90. Suggested Readings: 1. McLanahan, Sara and Christine Percheski. 2008. “Family Structure and the Reproduction of Inequalities.” Annual Review of Sociology 34: 257-276. 2. McLanahan, Sara. 2004. "Diverging Destinies: How Children are Faring under the Second Demographic Transition." Demography 41:607-627. 3. Flaquer, Lluís. 2014. "Family-related factors influencing child well-being." Handbook of Child Well-Being. Springer Netherlands, 2229-2255. 4. Garfinkel, Ian. 2001. “Child Support in the New World of Welfare,” Ch. 17 in The New World of Welfare, Brookings Institution Press.

Week 9 (October 30): Education and Inequality Required Readings: 1. Meyer. 1977. “The Effects of Education as an Institution” American Journal of Sociology 83: 55-77. 2. Downey et al. 2004. “Are Schools the Great Equalizer?” American Sociological Review 69: 613-635. 3. Figlio, David N. “School Reforms and Improved Life Outcomes for Disadvantaged Children,” Heinrich and Scholz (eds.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 5) 4. Jacob, Brian A. and Jens Ludwig. “Improving Educational Outcomes for Poor Children” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 10). 5. “Inequality in America: What Role for Human Capital Policies?” Focus, Newsletter of the Institute for Research on Poverty, 2005. http://www.irp.wisc.edu/publications/focus/pdfs/foc233a.pdf 6. C. Goldin and L. Katz. 2009. “The Future of Inequality: The Other Reason Education Matters So Much,” Milken Review. Suggested Readings: 1. Kane, Thomas J. “College-Going and Inequality” in Social inequality (Canvas). 2. Heckman, James J. 2006. "Skill Formation and the Economics of Investing in Disadvantaged Children." Science 312 (5782): 1900-1902.

Week 10 (November 6): Penal System and Inequality Required Readings: 1. Western, Bruce. 2001. “Incarceration, Unemployment, and Inequality” Focus 21: 32-36. http://web.stanford.edu/group/scspi/_media/pdf/key_issues/crime_research.pdf 2. United States Department of justice Civil Rights Division. “Investigation of the

9 Ferguson Police Department.” Please read pgs. 1-15 and 90-102. 3. Pettit, Becky, and Bruce Western. 2004. "Mass Imprisonment and the Life Course: Race and Class Inequality in US incarceration." American Sociological Review 69 (2): 151- 169. 4. S. Raphael and M. Stoll. 2009. Do Prisons Make Us Safer? The Benefits and Costs of the Prison Boom. Introduction, http://www.russellsage.org/sites/all/files/raphael_chapter1_pdf.pdf 5. Raphael, Steven. “The Impact of Incarceration on the Employment Outcomes of Former Inmates: Policy Options for Fostering Self-Sufficiency,” Heinrich and Scholz (eds.), in Making the Work-Based Safety Net Work Better (Chapter 6) 6. D. Pager, 2004, “The Mark of a Criminal Record,” Focus, Newsletter of the Institute for Research on Poverty. http://www.irp.wisc.edu/publications/focus/pdfs/foc232i.pdf 7. Western, Bruce. 2008. “From Prison to Work: A Proposal for a National Prisoner Reentry Program.” Brookings. http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/papers/2008/12/prison-to-work- western/12_prison_to_work_western.pdf 8. Western, Bruce, and Christopher Wildeman. "The black family and mass incarceration." The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 621.1 (2009): 221-242. Suggested Readings: 1. Western, Bruce. "The Impact of Incarceration on Wage Mobility and Inequality." American Sociological Review (2002): 526-546. 2. Redcross, Cindy, Dan Bloom, Erin Jacobs, …, and Jannie Zweig. 2010. “Work After Prison: One-Year Findings from the Transitional Jobs Reentry Demonstration,” Executive Summary, MDRC: http://www.mdrc.org/publication/work-after-prison 3. C. Redcross et al. 2010. Executive Summary, Chapters 1 & 7 from “Transitional Jobs for Ex-Prisoners: Implementation, Two-Year Impacts, and Costs of the Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO) Prisoner Reentry Program,” MDRC: http://www.mdrc.org/publication/transitional-jobs-ex-prisoners

Week 11 (November 20): Independent research

Week 12 (November 20): Immigration and Inequality [Workshop 3: How to Write a Review] Required Readings: 1. Raphael, Steven and Eugene Smolensky. “Immigration and Poverty in the United States” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 5). 2. Massey, Douglas S. 1999. “International Migration at the Dawn of the Twenty- First Century: The Role of the State.” Population and Development Review. 25: 303-22. 3. Douglas S. Massey and Karen A. Pren. 2012. "Unintended Consequences of US

Immigration Policy: Explaining the Post‐1965 Surge from Latin America." Population

and Development Review 38 (1): 1-29.

10 4. Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. "The new second generation: Segmented Assimilation and its Variants." The annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 530.1 (1993): 74-96. 5. Wasem, Ruth Ellen. 2012. US Immigration Policy on Permanent Temporary Admissions. Congregational Research Service. http://www.mygreencard.com/downloads/ImmigrationPolicy_September2009.pdf 6. Haddal, Chad C. 2010. People crossing borders: An analysis of US border protection policies. DIANE Publishing, 2010. (available through Google Books) Suggested Readings: 1. Alba, Richard and Victor Nee. 1997. “Rethinking Assimilation Theory for a New Era of Immigration.” International Migration Review. 31:826-74. 2. Wasem, Ruth Ellen. 2011. US Immigration Policy on Temporary Admissions. Congregational Research Service. (available through Google Books)

Week 13 (November 27): Health Care **PRELIMINARY DRAFT DUE** Required Readings: 1. Scott, Janny. 2005. “Life at the Top in America Isn’t Just Better, It’s Longer.” New York Times, May, 16. 2. Katherine Swartz. “Health Care for the Poor: For Whom, What Care, and Whose Responsibility?” in Changing Poverty and Changing Antipoverty Policies (Chapter 12). 3. Schoeni, Robert F., George A. Kaplan, and Harold Pollack. 2008. The Health Effects of Social and Economic Policy: The Promise and Challenge for Research and Policy. New York: Russell Sage Foundation. (Chapter 1) http://www.russellsage.org/sites/all/files/Schoeni_Chap1_0.pdf 4. Schoeni, Robert F., James S. House, George A. Kaplan, and Harold Pollack. 2009. Social and Economic Policies as Health Policy: Moving Toward a New Approach to Improving Health in America. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.190.3448&rep=rep1&type=pdf 5. White, Chapin. 2010. “The Healthcare Reform Legislation: An Overview.” The Economists’ Voice. December. http://www.ncpa.org/pdfs/health-care-reform-legislation-overview.pdf 6. Russell, Louise B. 1989. "Some of the tough decisions required by a national health plan." Science 246 (4932): 892-896. 7. Leonhardt, David. 2010. "In health care bill, Obama attacks wealth inequality." NY Times, March 23. Suggested Readings: 1. Mullahy, John, Stephanie Robert, and Barbara Wolfe. Health, income, and inequality. na, 2004 in Social Inequality, edited by Kathryn M. Neckerman, Working paper available at: http://www.russellsage.org/sites/all/files/u4/Mullahy%20et %20al.pdf 2. Kaiser Family Foundation. 2010. “Medicaid and Children’s Health Insurance Program Provisions in the New Health Reform Law.” http://www.kff.org/healthreform/upload/7952-03.pdf

Week 14 (December 4): Student Presentations

11 **A PEER-REVIEW ARTICLE DUE**

Week 15 (December 11): **FINAL PAPER DUE** (Monday, 12/11, 5pm)