Chapter 25 Practice Test

D. individuals were held accountable for their actions during Chapter 25 Practice Test wartime 5. The Neutrality Acts of 1935–1937 were primarily designed to A. avoid policies that had led to U.S. involvement in WWI B. halt the spread of communism in theWestern Hemisphere C. promote U.S. membership in the League of Nations D. stop Japan from attacking U.S. territories in the Far East

6. Which series of events leading to WWII is in the correct chronological order? A. Neutrality Acts → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor → Lend- Lease Act → U.S. declaration of war on Japan B. Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality Acts → U.S. declaration of war on Japan → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor C. U.S. declaration of war on Japan → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor → Lend-Lease Act → Neutrality Acts D. Neutrality Acts → Lend-Lease Act → Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor → U.S. declaration of war on Japan

7. Prior to the start of WWII, Great Britain and France followed a policy of appeasement when they 1. Which feature of life on the home front during WWII is most A. rejected an alliance with the Soviet Union clearly illustrated by this 1944 cartoon? B. allowed Germany to expand its territory A. food rationing C. signed the agreements at the Yalta Conference B. housing shortages D. opposed U.S. efforts to rearm C. juvenile delinquency D. conserving natural resources 8. Which statement best explains why the U.S. mainland suffered minimal physical damage in both WWI and WWII? A. The U.S. policy of isolationism discouraged attacks by other countries. B. Geographic location kept the U.S. protected from most of the fighting. C. U.S. military fortifications prevented attacks on U.S. soil. D. Latin America provided a buffer zone from acts of aggression by other countries.

9. Which of the following sequences is correct? A. U.S. sends aid to Britain and the Soviet Union; Japan attacks Pearl Harbor; U.S. declares war on Japan; Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S. B. U.S. declares war on Germany; Japan attacks Pearl Harbor; U.S. declares war on Japan; U.S. sends aid to Britain and the Soviet Union C. U.S. declares war on Japan; Japan attacks Pearl Harbor; 2. Which statement is best supported by the information on the Germany and Italy declare war on the U.S.; U.S. sends aid to map? Britain and the Soviet Union. A. Government officials used abandoned mining towns to house D. Germany, Italy, and Japan declare war on the U.S.; Japan Japanese Americans. attacks Pearl Harbor; U.S. declares war on the Axis; U.S. sends B. Western states did not support the decision to create the aid to Britain and the Soviet Union. relocation centers. C. Relocation centers had to be placed near rivers. 10. Franklin Roosevelt's Good Neighbor policy D. The government considered Japanese Americans a threat to national security. A. proclaimed, "Speak softly, and carry a big stick." B. declared, "No state has the right to intervene in the internal or 3. The relocation camps shown on the map were mainly a reaction external affairs of another" in Latin America. to the C. led to a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union. A. Japanese military attack on Pearl Harbor D. helped to shape the Yalta agreements at the end of WWII. B. capture of Japanese war prisoners C. need to train Japanese Americans for military service 11. In response to the outbreak of World War II, the U.S. revised its D. attacks by Japanese Americans on U.S. military bases neutrality statutes so that

4. The war crimes trials that followed WWII were historically A. Belligerents could purchase weapons as long as they paid significant because for the first time for them in cash and took them away in their own ships. A. nations were asked to pay for war damages B. American merchant vessels might be able to carry cargoes B. individuals were given immunity from prosecution to belligerents' ports. C. nations on both sides were found guilty of causing the war C. no weapons could be sold to any nation participating in the European war. D. only Britain, and not Germany, would be able to buy C. area in New Mexico where navy scientists worked on weapons from the United States. new sonar devices during World War II. D. secret $2 billion project to develop an atomic bomb. 12. In September 1940, in an effort to bolster American security and at the same time help England, President Roosevelt 17. How did World War II affect millions of American women? concluded an executive agreement with Prime Minister A. The federal government adopted a policy of gender Churchill that equality in all federal hiring and in all companies doing A. sold American tanks and cruisers to Great Britain on a business with the government. deferred payment schedule. B. The proportion of women in the labor force rose from B. allowed Britain to use American air bases in exchange for a one-quarter to more than one-third, as more than 6 million guarantee of safe Atlantic passage for American merchant women went to work outside the home. vessels. C. Because of the importance of their war work, women C. transferred fifty overage American destroyers to Britain in for the first time achieved equal pay for equal work. exchange for leases on British air and naval bases in the D. The public attitude toward women's employment Western Hemisphere. underwent a transformation, as the majority of Americans D. drew up a timetable for eventual American participation in began to admit that they approved of married women working the war against Hitler. outside the home.

13. Lend-lease 18. Philip Randolph's call for a march on Washington led to A. was favored by isolationists as a way to prevent the United A. an executive order permitting the military to evacuate States from having to fight in World War II. and intern Japanese living on the West Coast. B. favored the Germans because they were considered better B. an executive order prohibiting employment credit risks than the British and Soviets. discrimination and creating a Fair Employment Practices C. was extended to both Britain and the Soviet Union to help Committee. them defeat the Nazis. C. passage of the Smith-Connally Act restricting union D. was one of the most unpopular policies of the Roosevelt strikes and protests. administration because it was pulling the country into a war D. prosecution of the sailors involved in the "zoot suit" the majority wished to avoid. riot against the Chicanos.

14. In 1940 and 1941 President Roosevelt wished to prolong 19. At the time of the Yalta Conference in February 1945, negotiations with the Japanese rather than go to war, despite A. the American army was just about to enter Berlin. continued conflicts and Washington's overt bellicosity toward B. the war in the Pacific was coming to a rapid close. Japan. Why? C. Soviet troops had overrun Eastern Europe and were A. The negotiations had been making substantial progress fifty miles from Berlin. and most of the points of disagreement were being resolved. D. the Soviet Union was near military collapse. B. Roosevelt knew that he did not have a large enough navy to fight both Japan and Germany. 20. After what event did the Japanese government finally begin to C. The American people were virulently anti-Japanese discuss acceptance of surrender terms? and therefore the anti-interventionist sentiment regarding Asian affairs was very strong. A. the Battle of Iwo Jima D. The Japanese had ended their expansion and were B. the dropping of unconditional surrender as a looking forward to a century of coprosperity. prerequisite C. the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki D. the threatened invasion of Japan by the Soviet Union 15. What impact did the wartime economy have on the distribution of American incomes? A. Because of war profiteering, the proportion of wealth SHORT ANSWER controlled by the richest 5 percent of the population soared to nearly one-third. 21. In what ways did Hitler defy the terms of the Treaty of B. Because of government wage controls, the proportion of Versailles and commit acts of aggression between 1933 and wealth controlled by the poorest 40 percent of the 1939? population dropped to about 10 percent. C. The size of the middle class doubledthe only significant 22. Discuss the debate between isolationists and interventionists shift in income distribution in the twentieth century. between 1939 and 1941 over the role the United States should D. The middle class stagnated as it found itself caught between wage freezes and soaring inflation. play in the war in Europe.

23. Outline the major strategy and campaigns of the U.S. and its 16. The Manhattan Project was the Allies in the European war theater between 1942 and 1945. A. area in New York City where expatriate German scientists settled during World War II. 24. Outline the major strategy and campaigns of the U.S. and its B. code name for the Soviet espionage network Allies in the Asian war theater between 1942 and 1945. specializing in secret scientific American projects during World War II.