OIE RL for Rabies Dr Thomas Müller Germany

OIE Reference Laboratory Reports Activities in 2012

Name of disease (or topic) for which you Rabies are a designated OIE Reference Laboratory:

Address of laboratory

e-mail address:

website:

Name (including Title) of Head of Laboratory (Responsible Official):

Name (including Title and Position) of OIE Reference Expert:

Date of submission to the OIE

Annual reports of OIE Reference Centres, 2012 1 OIE RL for « Rabies » – « Dr Thomas Müller » – « Germany »

ToR: To use, promote and disseminate diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards

Test recommended by the OIE Total number of test performed last year

Indirect diagnostic tests Nationally Internationally

RFFIT 1256 -

FAVN - 14

Direct diagnostic tests Nationally Internationally

FAT 1302 28

RTCIT 59 15

Real-time PCR 1961 15

Vaccine virus titration - 30

Sequencing 70 15

ToR: To develop reference material in accordance with OIE requirements, and implement and promote the application of OIE Standards. To store and distribute to national laboratories biological reference products and any other reagents used in the diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or disease.

2. Did your laboratory produce or store imported standard reference reagents officially recognised by the OIE or other international bodies?

Yes No

3. Did your laboratory supply standard reference reagents to OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

Name of Related Amount supplied Amount supplied recipient OIE Type of reagent Produced/ diagnostic nationally internationally Member available stored test (ml, mg) (ml, mg) Countries and of institutions

anti-N-monoclonal dRIT Produced 450 ml 5 ml AHVLA Weybridge antibody purified/concentrat ed

4. Did your laboratory produce diagnostic reagents other than the OIE-approved standard reference reagents?

Yes No

2 Annual reports of OIE Reference Centres, 2012 OIE RL for « Rabies » – « Dr Thomas Müller » – « Germany »

5. Did your laboratory produce vaccines?

Yes No

6. Did your laboratory supply vaccines to OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

ToR: To develop, standardise and validate, according to OIE Standards, new procedures for diagnosis and control of the designated pathogens or diseases

7. Did your laboratory develop new diagnostic methods validated according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

8. Did your laboratory develop new vaccines according to OIE Standards for the designated pathogen or disease?

Yes No

Name of the new test or diagnostic Description and References (Publication, website, etc.) method or vaccine developed

Pan-Lyssavirus realtime PCR Hoffmann et al. (2012). unpublished

Pan-Rhabdo realtime PCR Hoffmann et al. (2012). unpublished

Boekleoh Bat Lyssavirus (BBLV) specific Freuling et al. (2012). unpublished realtime PCR

ToR: To provide diagnostic testing facilities, and, where appropriate, scientific and technical advice on disease control measures to OIE Member Countries

9. Did your laboratory carry out diagnostic testing for other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

Annual reports of OIE Reference Laboratories, 2012 3 OIE RL for « Rabies » – « Dr Thomas Müller » – « Germany »

Name of OIE Date No. samples received for provision No. samples received for Member Country (dd/mm) of diagnostic support (i.e. from provision of seeking assistance surveillance campaign) confirmatory diagnoses

Croatia January, March, 16 April, July, Human rabies immunoglobulins September, (HRIG) October

Serbia November, 2 December Human rabies immunoglobulins (HRIG)

Bosnia & October, 4 Herzegovina November Vaccine bait batch titration

Czech Republic February 1 Vaccine bait batch titration

Slovenia July 3 Confirmatory diagnosis Strain identification

France July, October 2 FITC conjugate batch testing

Denmark July 42 Confirmatory diagnosis sequencing

Austria September, 2 November FCS batch testing

10. Did your laboratory provide expert advice in technical consultancies on the request of an OIE Member Country?

Yes No

Name of the OIE Member Country How the advice was Purpose receiving a technical consultancy provided

Partners for Rabies Prevention Development of the “Blueprint for In loco and remote Rabies Prevention and Control (http://www.rabiesblueprint.com/)”

Partners for Rabies Prevention, Rabies: Re-evaluation of burden of In loco and remote WHO, GARC disease study

Partners for Rabies Prevention, Rabies: Notifiability study remote GARC

Croatian Veterinary Service Subgroup rabies of the EU task force In loco -assessment of the oral vaccination programme

Polish Veterinary Service Subgroup rabies of the EU task force In loco -assessment of the oral vaccination programme

Turkish Provincial Veterinary OIE Laboratory Twinning project In loco Laboratories Germany-Turkey – Annual meeting of candidate and parent lab with Provincial Veterinary Laboratories on rabies

WHO Member Countries WHO Consultation on Rabies, Geneva, In loco 18 to 20 September 2012

ToR: To carry out and/or coordinate scientific and technical studies in collaboration with other laboratories, centres or organisations

11. Did your laboratory participate in international scientific studies in collaboration with OIE Member Countries other than the own?

Yes No

OIE Member Countries Partners Title of the study Duration Purpose of the study involved other than (Institutions) your country

Development of 2 Provision of Partners for Rabies Not applicable the “Blueprint for OIE/WHO, and expert Prevention Fox Rabies opinion on fox rabies http://www.rabies Prevention and control in an online control.net/about- Control blueprint format us/partners/partn ers-for-rabies- prevention.html

Development on ongoing Cost-neutral The Wistar USA, Germany, Canada a murine replacement of HRIG Institute, monoclonal and ERIG for human Philadelphia, USA antibody (MAbs) PEP Centres of Disease cocktail to replace Control and HRIG and ERIG for Prevention (CDC), rabies post- Atlanta, USA exposure Friedrich-Loeffler- prophylaxis (PEP) Institute (FLI), in humans Federal Research Centre for Animal Health, Isle of Riems, Germany Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Nepean, Canada

Evaluation of a ongoing Replacement of OIE-RL for Rabies, Not applicable commercial ELISA seroneutralisation ANSES Nancy, for monitoring of assays, e.g. RFFIT, Other European ORV campaigns FAVN, for monitoring

of ORV campaigns

ToR: To collect, process, analyse, publish and disseminate epizootiological data relevant to the designated pathogens or diseases

12. Did your Laboratory collect epizootiological data relevant to international disease control?

Yes No

13. Did your laboratory disseminate epizootiological data that had been processed and analysed?

Yes No

14. What method of dissemination of information is most often used by your laboratory?

(Indicate in the appropriate box the number by category)

Rabies Bulletin Europe (RBE): editing and distribution of issues 03/2011, 04/2011, 1/2012 and 02/2012 throughout the world.

a) Articles published in peer-reviewed journals:...... 15 b) International conferences:...... 5 c) National conferences:...... 4 d) Other:...... 4 & internet

ToR: To provide scientific and technical training for personnel from OIE Member Countries

To recommend the prescribed and alternative tests or vaccines as OIE Standards

15. Did your laboratory provide scientific and technical training to laboratory personnel from other OIE Member Countries?

Yes No

a) Technical visits:...... 2 b) Seminars:...... 1 c) Hands-on training courses:...... d) Internships (>1 month):...... 1

Type of technical training Country of origin of the expert(s) No. participants from the provided (a, b, c or d) provided with training corresponding country

d Iran 1

a Latvia 1

a, b UK 1

ToR: To maintain a system of quality assurance, biosafety and biosecurity relevant for the pathogen and the disease concerned

16. Does your laboratory have a Quality Management System certified according to an International Standard?

Yes No

Quality management system adopted

ISO 17025

17. Is your laboratory accredited by an international accreditation body?

Yes No

18. Does your laboratory maintain a “biorisk management system” for the pathogen and the disease concerned? (See Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.3 or Manual of Diagnostic Tests for Aquatic Animals 2012, Chapter 1.1.1)

Yes No

ToR: To organise and participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE

19. Did your laboratory organise scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

National/ Title of event Co-organiser Date Location No. International (mm/yy) Participants

National National Symposium on National October Berlin 300 Zoonosis Control Zoonosis 2012 Platform Gemrany

International 2nd International Berlin Institute for Zoo March 2013 Berlin Bat Meeting and Wildlife Diseases Berlin

20. Did your laboratory participate in scientific meetings on behalf of the OIE?

Yes No

Title of event Date Location Role (speaker, presenting Title of the work (mm/yy) poster, short presented communications)

WHO Consultation 18-20/09 Geneva WHO Speaker Control of rabies in on Rabies wildlife

ToR: To establish and maintain a network with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease and organise regular inter-laboratory proficiency testing to ensure comparability of results

21. Did your laboratory exchange information with other OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease?

Yes No

22. Was your laboratory involved in maintaining a network with OIE Reference Laboratories designated for the same pathogen or disease by organising or participating in proficiency tests?

Yes No

Purpose of the proficiency tests: Role of your Reference Participating OIE (validation of a diagnostic protocol: Laboratory (organiser/ No. Ref. Labs/ specify the test; quality control of participant) participants organising OIE Ref. vaccines: specify the vaccine type, etc.) Lab.

Interlaboratory test 2012 for rabies Participant 46 OIE-RL for Rabies, diagnosis (FAT, RTCIT, PCR) ANSES Nancy, (organiser)

Proficiency testing for rabies serology Participant 65 OIE-RL for Rabies, ANSES Nancy, (Organiser)

23. Did your laboratory collaborate with other OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease on scientific research projects for the diagnosis or control of the pathogen of interest?

Yes No

Name(s) of relevant OIE Title of the project or contact Scope Reference Laboratories

BMBF Lyssaviruses Basic and applied research on rabies in OIE RL for Rabies, UK reservoir hosts OIE RL for Rabies, RSA

EPIZONE Ring trial for lyssavirus PCRs OIE RL for Rabies, UK OIE RL for Rabies, France

RAPIDD Small mammal disease group – OIE RL for Rabies, UK Modelling of lyssavirus infections in bats OIE RL for Rabies, USA

Blueprint for Fox Rabies Provision of OIE/WHO, and expert OIE RL for Rabies, USA Prevention and Control opinion on fox rabies control in an online blueprint format

ToR: To organise inter-laboratory proficiency testing with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same pathogens and diseases to ensure equivalence of results.

24. Did your laboratory organise or participate in inter-laboratory proficiency tests with laboratories other than OIE Reference Laboratories for the same disease?

Yes No

No. participating Participating OIE Member Purpose for inter-laboratory test comparisons1 laboratories Countries

Interlaboratory test 2012 for rabies diagnosis 46 46 (FAT, RTCIT, PCR)

Proficiency testing for rabies serology 65 65

Germany, The Netherlands, Denmark, France, Turkey, Belgium, Ring trial for lyssavirus PCRs 13 Austria, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Finland, Sweden, Ireland

ToR: To place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE

25. Did your laboratory place expert consultants at the disposal of the OIE?

Yes No

Kind of consultancy Location Subject (facultative )

Provision of comments on OIE Standards Isle of Riems/Paris Comments to Chapter 2.1.13. Rabies (vaccine section) OIE Manual on Diagnostic Test and Vaccines

technical papers on rabies surveillance Paris Rev, Sci. Tech. of OIE

 Presentations at international conferences and meetings

 MÜLLER T, FREULING C, VOS A. Rabies situation and control efforts in EU member states and surrounding countries, fifth Meeting of the Partners for Rabies Prevention, 21-25 May 2012, Banna, Italy

 MÜLLER T, FREULING C, VOS A. Blueprint for Rabies Control and Prevention – Part 2 Fox rabies ORV, fifth Meeting of the Partners for Rabies Prevention, 21-25 May 2012, Banna, Italy

 VOS A, FINKE S, FREULING C, TEIFKE JP, HABLA C, MÜLLER T. Susceptibility studies with rabies virus strain isolates in German raccoons (Procyon lotor). National Symposium on Zoonosis Research, 11-12 October 2012, Berlin, Germany

 SCHATZ J, FOOKS AR, MCELHINNEY L, HORTON D, ECHEVARRIA J, VÁZQUEZ-MORON S, KOOI EA, RASMUSSEN TB, MÜLLER T, FREULING C. Bat rabies surveillance in Europe. National Symposium on Zoonosis

1 See Interlaboratory test comparisons in: Laboratory Proficiency Testing at: www.oie.int/en/our-scientific-expertise/reference-laboratories/proficiency-testing see point 1.3

Research, 11-12 October 2012, Berlin, Germany

 HE X, RIEGER K, SCHATZ J, FEULING C, MÜLLER T, KÖLLNER B. Humoral and cellular adaptive immune reactions of European bats against rabies viruses. National Symposium on Zoonosis Research, 11-12 October 2012, Berlin, Germany

 HANKE D, HOFFMANN B, FREULING CM, MÜLLER T, BEER M, HÖPER D. Efficient enrichment of viral nucleic acids for targeted next generation sequencing. National Symposium on Zoonosis Research, 11-12 October 2012, Berlin, Germany

 FREULING C, Rabies Elimination in Europe. Webinar for World Rabies Day 2012, 20 September 2012

 MÜLLER T, FREULING CM. Surveillance for rabies – Best practices and challenges. Subgroup rabies of the EU task force meeting, 29-30 November 2012, Zagreb, Croatia

 MÜLLER T, FREULING CM. Surveillance for rabies – Best practices and challenges. Subgroup rabies of the EU task force meeting, 11-12 December 2012, Warsaw, Poland

. Scientific publications in peer-reviewed journals

 LEMBO T; PARTNERS FOR RABIES PREVENTION. The blueprint for rabies prevention and control: a novel operational toolkit for rabies elimination. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012 Feb;6(2):e1388. Epub 2012 Feb 28.

 GODDARD AD, DONALDSON NM, HORTON DL, KOSMIDER R, KELLY LA, SAYERS AR, BREED AC, FREULING CM, MÜLLER T, SHAW SE, HALLGREN G, FOOKS AR, SNARY EL. 2012. A Quantitative Release Assessment for the Noncommercial Movement of Companion Animals: Risk of Rabies Reintroduction to the United Kingdom. Risk Anal. 2012 Apr 4. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2012.01804.x. [Epub ahead of print]

 MÜLLER T, BÄTZA HJ, FREULING C, KLIEMT A, KLIEMT J, HEUSER R, SCHLÜTER H, SELHORST T, VOS A, METTENLEITER TC. 2012. Elimination of terrestrial rabies in Germany using oral vaccination of foxes. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 178–190.

 MÜLLER T, FREULING CM, GSCHWENDNER P, HOLZHOFER E, MÜRKE H, RÜDIGER H, SCHUSTER P, KLÖSS D, TESKE K, VOS A. 2012. SURVIS: A fully-automated aerial baiting system for the distribution of vaccine baits for wildlife. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 197–202.

 FREULING CM, KLIEMT J, SCHARES S, HEIDECKE D, DRIECHCIARZ R, MÜLLER T. 2012. FURTHER DETECTION OF EUROPEAN BAT LYSSAVIRUS 2 (EBLV-2) IN A DAUBENTON’S BAT FROM MAGDEBURG, GERMANY. BERL MUNCH TIERARZTL WSCHR. 125, 5/6; 255-258.

 SELHORST T, BÄTZA HJ, BLICKE J, FREULING C, FRÖHLICH T, FROST J, HERGARTEN G, ZIMMER K, MÜLLER T. 2012. Short-term interval baiting to combat the re-emergence of fox rabies in Rhineland Palatinate, Germany, 2005. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 191-196.

 FISCHER M, HOFFMANN B, FREULING C, MÜLLER T, BEER M. 2012. New perspectives on molecular identification and characterisation of Lyssaviruses. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 264- 271.

 LOJKIĆ I, ČAČ Z, BEDEKOVIĆ T, LEMO N, BRSTILO M, MÜLLER T, FREULING C. 2012. Diversity of currently circulating rabies virus strains in Croatia. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 249-

 ÜN H, ESKIIZMIRLILER S, ÜNAL N, FREULING C, JOHNSON N, FOOKS AR, MÜLLER T, VOS A, AYLAN O. 2012. Oral vaccination of foxes against rabies in Turkey between 2008 and 2010. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 203-208.

 FREULING C, HOFFMANN B, SELHORST T, CONRATHS FJ, KLIEMT J, SCHATZ J, MÜLLER T. 2012. New insights into the genetics of EBLV-1 from Germany. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 259- 263.

 ROSS S, FREULING CM, DELERÉ Y, MÜLLER T. 2012. Assessment of the Human Medical Significance of the Rabies Zoonosis in Germany — Analysis of Available Data and Desiderata. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wschr. 125, 5/6; 272-277.

 FINKE S, KARGER A, FREULING C, MÜLLER T. 2012. Assessment of Inactivated Human Rabies Vaccines: Biochemical characterization and genetic identification of virus strains. Vaccine. 2012 May 21;30(24):3603-9. Epub 2012 Mar 31.

 SCHATZ J, FOOKS A, MCELHINNEY L, ECHEVARRIA J, VÁZQUEZ-MORON S, MÜLLER T, FREULING C. Bat rabies surveillance in Europe. Zoonoses Public Health. 2013 Feb;60(1):22-34 doi: 10.1111/zph.12002

 MCELHINNEY LM, MARSTON DA, LEECH S, FREULING C, VAN DER POEL W, ECHEVARRIA J, VÁZQUEZ-MORON S, HORTON DL, MÜLLER T, FOOKS AR. Molecular Epidemiology of Bat Lyssaviruses in Europe Zoonoses Public Health. 2013 Feb;60(1):35-45.

 MARESCH C, LANGE E, TEIFKE JP, FUCHS W, KLUPP B, MÜLLER T, METTENLEITER TC, VAHLENKAMP TW. 2012. Oral immunization of wild boar and domestic pigs with attenuated live vaccine protects against Pseudorabies virus infection. Vet Microbiol. 2012 Dec 28;161(1-2):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.002. Epub 2012 Jul 10.

 Other communications

 SCHÖNIGER S, KLOSE K, WERNER, SCHWARZ B, MÜLLER T, SCHOON HA. 2012. Diagnostic exercise— Nonsuppurative encephalitis in a hunting dog. Veterinary Pathology 00(0) 1-4

 METTENLEITER TC, EHLERS B, MÜLLER T, YOON K-J, TEIFKE JP. 2012. Herpesviruses (Aujeszky’s disease virus, porcine cytomegalovirus, porcine lymphotropic herpesviruses, malignant catarrhal fever virus). In: Zimmerman J, Karriker L, Ramirez A, Schwartz K, Stevenson G (eds), Diseases of Swine, 10th edition, 2012, John Wiley & Sons, 412-444.

 ARTOIS M, BOURHY H MÜLLER T, SELHORST T, SMITH GC. 2011. Rabies and European bat Lyssavirus infections. In: Gavier-Widen D, Meredith A, Duff JP (eds). 2012, Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals and Birds in Europe, John Wiley & Sons, 86-98.

 MÜLLER T, DEMETRIOU P, MOYNAGH J, CLIQUET F, FOOKS AR, CONRATHS FJ, METTENLEITER TC, FREULING C. Rabies elimination in Europe – a success story. In: OIE; Ed. Rabies Control - Towards Sustainable Prevention at the Source, Compendium of the OIE Global Conference on Rabies Control, OIE, 2012, 31-44.

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