Chapter 6: Courage And Moral Leadership

Exhibit 6.1 Comparing Unethical versus Ethical Leadership The Unethical Leader The Ethical Leader Is arrogant and self-serving Possesses humility Excessively promotes self- Maintains concern for the greater good interest Practices deception Is honest and straightforward Breaches agreements Fulfills commitments Deals unfairly Strives for fairness Shifts blame to others Takes responsibility Diminishes others’ dignity Shows respect for each individual Neglects follower development Encourages and develops others Withholds help and support Serves others Lacks courage to confront Shows courage to stand up for what is right unjust acts Source: Based on Donald G. Zauderer, “Integrity: An Essential Executive Quality,” Business Forum (Fall 1992), pp. 12–16. Exhibit 6.2 How to Act Like a Moral Leader

1. Articulate and uphold high moral principles.

2. Focus on what is right for the organization as well as all the people involved.

3. Set the example you want others to live by.

4. Be honest with yourself and others.

5. Drive out fear and eliminate undiscussables.

6. Establish and communicate ethics policies.

7. Develop a backbone—show zero tolerance for ethical violations.

8. Reward ethical conduct.

9. Treat everyone with fairness, dignity, and respect, from the lowest to the highest level of the organization.

10. Do the right thing in both your private and professional life—even if no one is looking. Sources: Based on Linda Klebe Treviño, Laura Pincus Hartman, and Michael Brown, “Moral Person and Moral Manager: How Executives Develop a Reputation for Ethical Leadership,” California Management Review 42, no. 4 (Summer 2000), pp. 128–142; Christopher Hoenig, “Brave Hearts,” CIO (November 1, 2000), pp. 72–74; and Patricia Wallington, “Honestly?!” CIO (March 15, 2003), pp. 41–42. Exhibit 6.3 Trans World Entertainment Corporation Code of Ethics General Statement of Policy Daft Ch 06-1  Honesty and candor in our activities, including observance of the spirit, as well as the letter of the law;

 Avoidance of conflicts between personal interests and the interests of the Company, or even the appearance of such conflicts;

 Avoidance of Company payments to candidates running for government posts, or government officials;

 Compliance with generally accepted accounting principles and controls;

 Maintenance of our reputation and avoidance of activities which might reflect adversely on the Company; and

 Integrity in dealing with the Company’s assets. Source: Trans World Entertainment Corporation Code of Ethics. n.d. Retrieved February 7, 2007, from http://www.twec.com/corpsite/corporate/code.cfm. Exhibit 6.4 Three Levels of Personal Moral Development Sources: Based on Lawrence Kohlberg, “Moral Stages and Moralization: The Cognitive-Developmental Approach,” in Moral Development and Behavior: Theory, Research, and Social Issues, ed. Thomas Likona (Austin, TX: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976), pp. 31–53; and Jill W. Graham, “Leadership, Moral Development, and Citizenship Behavior,” Business Ethics Quarterly 5, no. 1 (January 1995), pp. 43–54. Exhibit 6.5 Changing Leader Focus from Self to Others

Ch 06-2 Daft