University of Parakou, High National Agro-Pastoral School Of

R e public o f Benin ------Ministry of Higher Education and Scienti fique Research ------University of Parakou ------High National Agro-Pastoral School of GOGOUNOU ------

Title: Climate change and egg, meat and milk production and quality in Benin: impact and adaptation means used by livestock producers

Name: TOUGAN Polycarpe Ulbad, PhD University of Parakou, High National Agro-Pastoral School of GOGOUNOU, BP 2760 Abomey-Calavi, Republic of Benin

Abstract The study aims to determine the perception of climate changes by the livestock producers, its effect on egg, meat and milk production and quality and adaptation measures used by them. Therefore, a survey was carried out on 600 livestock producers in six districts of Benin. It appears that 69-85% are from Fulani ethnic group. Livestock production is their main activity in 60-85% of cases (p <0.05). Their secondary activity was crop production. 85% of farmers non-schooled. 98.5% of them recognized that climate change affects livestock production. The reported indicators of climate change were: frequent droughts, high winds, excessive heat, rare late rains and frequent floods. Comparatively to their production characteristics in the 2 last decades, 88% of farmers reported declines of pastoral productivity, overgrazing, declining in water resources, narrowing corridors and decrease of crop residues. 95% of farmers reported that climates changes affect significantly growth and reproductive performances of animals, their carcass yield, meat and milk quality, with as consequence, the fall in food resources and incomes. The adaptation means used by farmers are variable and include transhumance, enhancement of crop residues, strengthening of committees of transhumance corridors management, change in production systems, water dams creation, fodder reserves installation, improvement of animal performances by selection or crossing, prophylaxis plan, and mainly the valorization and preservation of indigenous and resistant animal resources. Those local adaptation means may be encouraged and improved in order to reduce the impact of climate variations on food security in Benin. In further studies, the influence of climate change on nutritional quality and fatty acid composition of the main meat resources may be determined by comparing to the current data, the data recorded on the same animal resources in the same agro-ecological area since 10-30 years.

Keywords: Adaptation, Benin, climate change, food security, impacts, livestock production.

Biography

Doctor TOUGAN Polycarpe Ulbad has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from University of Abomey-Calavi (Benin) and postdoctoral studies from Animal Science Unit of Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium). He is the Responsible of Pedagogy Activities of the High National Agro-Pastoral School at the University of Parakou (Benin). He has published 26 papers in reputed journals and 13 oral presentations in the field of animal production and animal product control quality. Furthermore, he is Laureate of an Award of TWAS-UNESCO Associateship Scheme at Centres of Excellence in the South granted by The World Academy of Sciences founded in Trieste, Italy; Prizewinner of the grant of HAAGRIM Project financially supported by the 1 European Commission and Winner of the Award for Best Thesis of the Universities of Benin by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research as part of the celebration of the Scientific Renaissance of Africa Day; Edition 2009. Its CV and list of publication and communication are given in enclosure at page 3.

Presenting author details Full name: TOUGAN Polycarpe Ulbad Contact number: 0022961825586 E-mail: [email protected] Twitter account: Linked In account: https://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=AAIAAAsP_RIBWfEsnvpUK- iYes5u4ezbH4JF6BY&trk=nav_responsive_tab_profile_pic Session name/ number: 7th Global Summit on Agriculture & Horticulture; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia October 17-19, 2016. Category: (Oral presentation/ Poster presentation): Oral presentation

2 Enclosure:Curriculum Vitae

TOUGAN Polycarpe Ulbad 01 BP: 2760 Abomey-Calavi Born the 03/08/1986 at Oké-Owo (Savè ; Benin) GSM : (229)97269486 (229)94272626 PhD in Life Science; Field : Agronomy / Food Norms, Quality Control and technology Lecturer Researcher at the University of Parakou, BENIN Email : [email protected] [email protected]

TRAINING COURSE From 2013 to 2014 : postdoctoral training in Animal Science and Meat Technology at Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium) ; From 2010 to 2013 : PhD in Life Science; Spécialité : Food Norms, Quality Control and technology on the topic « Influence of ecotype and breeding system on carcass traits and meat quality of local poultry population of Gallus gallus species of Benin »; From August to september 2013: Doctoral training at the laboratory of at the Animal Science Unit of Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium). From March to May 2013: Doctoral stage on the evaluation of the nutritional quality of local chicken products (meat and eggs) at the laboratory of at the Analytical Chemistry Unit of Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium). From April to Jun 2012: Doctoral stage on the evaluation of the Influence of ecotype and breeding system on carcass traits and meat quality of local poultry population of Gallus gallus species of Benin at the laboratory of Animal Science Unit of Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium). From March to May 2011 : Doctoral training at the laboratory of Animal Science Unit of Gembloux Agro Bio Tech/ University of Liège (Belgium) on meat science and technology. From 2008 to 2010: Master in Food Norms, Quality Control and technology. From 2008 to 2009 : Refresher training for Master in Food Norms, Quality Control and technology; From 2004 to 2008 : Diploma of Engineer in Animal Health and Production; From 2004 to 2008 : License Diploma in English Language ; 2001-2004 : Second Cycle Training Course with success to Baccalaureate D ; 1997-2001 : First Cycle Management Admission Diploma; 1990-1997: Primary studies attested by a certificate of primary studies.

AWARDS AND HONORS

8 June 2015: Laureate of an Award of TWAS-UNESCO Associateship Scheme at Centres of Excellence in the South granted by The World Academy of Sciences founded in Trieste, Italy. 16 may 2015: Prizewinner of the grant of HAAGRIM Project financially supported by the European Commission. 07/03/2014: Laureate of an Award of Postdoctoral fellowship ELAN 2014 granted by ARES- CCD (Académie de Recherche et d’Enseignement supérieur) of Belgium

3 30/05/2009 : Winner of the Award for Best Thesis of the Universities of Benin by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research as part of the celebration of the Scientific Renaissance of Africa Day; Edition 2009 ; 05/03/2009: Winner of the Award of Excellence awarded by the Canadian Scholarship Program (PCBF) with a Master's Scholarship in Agricultural biotechnology at Laval University in Quebec in Canada. 12 /12/2008 : Winner of the Award for Special Majors of the Polytechnic School of Abomey by the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research of Benin.

EXPERIENCES

From 01/10/2011 to 01/03/2015 : Lecturer-Researcher at the University of Abomey- Calavi ; From 2011 to 2014: Researcher in Agricultural Sciences and Biological Engineering at Gembloux Agro Bio Tech in Belgium; University of Liège. From 23 to 28 September 2013: Participation to the fourth conference of the University of Abomey-Calavi of Science, Culture and Technology at the University of Abomey. 2011: Participation to the third conference of the University of Abomey-Calavi of Science, Culture and Technology at the University of Abomey; CIEVRA 2011. From 19/10/2010 to 20/10/2010: Participation to the 13th International Congress of Meat Science and Technology held in Clermont-Ferrand, France. January 2012: Participation to the International Workshop on Scientific Writing in the field of food security organized by the Project GVAL at Cotonou in Benin. From 10/03/2009 to 13/03/2009: Participation to the 5th World Poultry Conference held in Taba, Egypt. Teaching Experience Courses taught: 1. Norms and law of water and food products 2. Risk analysis and quality management of water and food resources 3. ISO 22000 4. ISO 14001 5. Milk science and technology 6. Egg science and technology 7. Meat science and technology Level of courses 1. License 2. Master

List of scientific publications

1. YEMADJE Alda A. S., EDORH Patrick A., AINA Martin P., TOUGAN P. Ulbad, GNANDI Kissao, GLELE Gisèle A., 2015. Effect of landfill of untreated and uncontrolled waste discharges on water quality and human heath in the municipalities of Abomey-Calavi and Godomey in Benin. International Scientific Meeting Days of LOME, edition XVI, from the 20 th to the 24th of octobre 2014, Lomé, TOGO.

2. Yemadje Alda A. S , Edorh Patrick A , Aina Martin P, Gnandi Kissao, Christophe S. Houssou, Michel Boko, Ulbad Polycarpe Tougan, 2013. Characterization of the household solid waste of the municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin. E3 Journal of Environmental Research and Management Vol. 4 (11) pp. 0368-0378.

3. Koutinhouin G. Benoît, Tougan Ulbad Polycarpe, Boko Cyrille, Baba Loukyatou, Fanou Larissat, Chitou Ibath, Everaert Nadia, Thewis André, 2014. Egg physical quality and hatchability in captive African Ostrich (Struthio camelus camelus, Linnaeus 1758) reared in 4 Benin: effect of season and relationships. International Journal of Advanced Research (2014), Volume 2, Issue 6, 510-516.

4. Koutinhouin G. Benoît, Tougan Polycarpe Ulbad, KpodékonT. Marc, Boko K. Cyrille, Goudjihounde Martin, Aoulou Abel, Thewis André, 2014. Valuation of Synedrella nodiflora leaves in rabbit feeding as feed supplement: impact on reproductive performance. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research; Vol. 5, No. 4, p. 55-64, 2014.

5. Tougan U.P., M. Dahouda, C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013 a: Conversion of chicken muscle to meat and factors affecting chicken meat quality: a review. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research Vol. 3, No. 8, p. 1-20.

6. Tougan, P.U., A.K.I. Youssao, M. Dahouda, C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, M. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, D.N. Kossou, C. Amenou, C. Kogbeto, A. Thewis, 2013b: Variability of carcass traits of local poultry populations of Gallus gallus specie of Benin by genetic type, breeding mode and slaughter age. International Journal of Poultry Science 12 (8): 473-483.

7. Tougan P.U., M. Dahouda, C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, D.N.F. Kossou, C. Amenou, C.E. Kogbeto, G. Lognay, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013c: Relationships between carcass traits and offal components in local poultry populations (gallus gallus) of Benin. Journal of Applied Biosciences 69: 5510 – 5522.

8. Tougan, P.U., M. Dahouda, G.S. Ahounou, C.F.A. Salifou, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, D.N.F. Kossou, C. Amenou, C.E. Kogbeto, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013d: Effect of breeding mode, type of muscle and slaughter age on technological meat quality of local poultry population of Gallus gallus species of Benin. International Journal of Biosciences 3(6): 1-17.

9. Tougan, P.U., M. Dahouda, C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, D.N.F. Kossou, C. Amenou, C.E. Kogbeto, G. Lognay, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013e: Assessment of nutritional quality of meat of local poultry population of Gallus gallus specie of Benin. Journal of Animal and Plant Science, 19(2): 2908-2922.

10.Tougan, P.U., M. Dahouda, C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, D.N.F. Kossou, C. Amenou, C.E. Kogbeto, G. Lognay, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013: Fatty acids profile of meat from local poultry population of Gallus gallus species of Benin reared under free range and improved breeding systems. Journal of Applied BioScience (accepted).

11.Tougan, P.U., Dahouda M., C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, D.N.F. Kossou, C. Amenou, C.E. Kogbeto, M.T. Kpodekon, G.A. Mensah, G. Lognay, A. Thewis, I.A.K. Youssao, 2013g: Relationships between technological and nutritional meat quality parameters in local poultry populations (Gallus gallus) of Benin. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Science x(x): 18p, ISSN 1991-8631. Available online at http://ajol.info/index.php/ijbcs.

12.Youssao A.K.I., Tougan U.P., Ahounou G.S., Houessionon B.F.J., Koutinhouin B., 2013: Typology of local poultry breeding of Gallus gallus species in family poultry in Benin. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research 3,4, 1-13.

13.Youssao A.K.I., Tobada C. P., Koutinhoun G.B., Dahouda M., Idrissou N-D., Bonou A. G., Tougan U.P., Ahounou S., Yapi-Gnaoré V., Kayang B., Rognon K., Tixier-Boichard M., 2010: Phenotypic characterization and molecular polymorphism of indigenous poultry populations of the species Gallus gallus of Savannah and Forest ecotypes of Benin. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9 (3): 369-381.

14.Youssao A.K.I., Assogba N.M., Alkoiret T.I., Dahouda M., Idrissou N-D., Kayang B.B., Yapi- Gnaoré V., Assogba H.M., Houinsou A.S., Ahounou S., Tougan U.P., Rognon X., Tixier- Boichard M., 2012. Comparison of growth performance, carcass characteristics and sensory

5 characters of Benin indigenous chickens and Label Rouge (T55×SA51). African Journal of Biotechnology, 11, 89, 15569-15579.

15.Youssao A.K.I., Senou M., Dahouda M., Idrissou N-D., Amoussou-Sydol E., Tougan U. P., Ahounou S., Yapi-Gnaoré V., Kayang B., Rognon X., Tixier-Boichard M., Kpodékon T.M., 2011: Laying performances and egg quality characteristics of F1 crossbred hens resulting from Label Rouge (T55xSA51) and two local ecotypes as parental lines. International Journal of Livestock Production, 2, 6, 69-78.

16.Youssao A.K.I., Assogba N.M., Alkoiret T.I., Dahouda M., Idrissou N-D., Kayang B.B., Yapi- Gnaoré V., Assogba H.M., Houinsou A.S., Ahounou S., Tougan U.P., Rognon X., Tixier- Boichard M., 2012 : Comparison of growth performance, carcass characteristics and sensory characters of Benin indigenous chickens and Label Rouge (T55×SA51). African Journal of Biotechnology 11, 89, 15569-15579.

17.Youssao A.K.I., Senou M., Dahouda M., Kpodekon T.M., Djenontin J., Idrissou N-D., Bonou A.G., Tougan P.U., Assogba H.M., Ankole E., Rognon X., Tixier-Boichard M., 2009 : Genetic improvement of local chickens by crossing with the Label Rouge (T55XSA51): growth performances and heterosis effects. International Journal of Poultry Science, 8, 6, 536-544.

18.Youssao A.K.I., Senou M., Dahouda M., Kpodekon T.M., Djenontin J., Idrissou N-D., Bonou A.G., Tougan U.P., Assogba H.M., Ankole E., Rognon X., Tixier-Boichard M., 2009 : Genetic improvement of local chickens by crossing with the Label Rouge (T55XSA51): Carcass Characteristic, Organoleptic Qualities and Heterosis Effects, International Journal of Poultry Science, 8, 7, 626-633.

19.Salifou C.F.A., Dahouda M., Ahounou G.S., Kassa S.K., Tougan P.U., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Salifou S., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I., 2012: Evaluation of carcass traits of Lagunaire, Borgou and Zebu Fulani bulls raised on natural pasture in Benin. The Journal of Animal &Plant Sciences, 22, 4, 857-871.

20.Salifou C.F.A., Youssao A.K.I., Ahounou G.S., Tougan P.U., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Clinquart A., 2013: Critères d’appréciation et facteurs de variation des caractéristiques de la carcasse et de qualité de la viande bovine. Annales de Médecine Vétérinaire, 157, 27-44.

21.Salifou C.F.A., Boco K.C., Ahounou G.S., Tougan P.U., Salifou S., Kpodekon T.M., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I., 2012: Evaluation du procédé d’abattage des bovins aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto-Novo au sud du Bénin. International Journal of Biological and. Chemical Science, 6, 6, 6049-6061.

22.Salifou C.F.A., Dahouda M., Ahounou G.S., Kassa S.K., Tougan P.U., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Salifou S., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I., 2012: Relationships between carcass characteristics and offal components of Lagunaire, Borgou and Zebu Fulani bulls raised on natural pasture. International Journal of Biosciences, 2, 11, 117-128.

23.Salifou C.F.A., Dahouda M., Ahounou G.S., Kassa S.K., Tougan P.U., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Salifou S., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I., 2013: Assessment of offal components of Lagunaire, Borgou and Zebu Fulani bulls raised on natural pasture and analysis of macroscopic lesions associated with potential hazards for the consumer. International Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, (In prerss).

24.Salifou C.F.A., Boko K. C., Ahounou G.S., Tougan U.P., Kassa S.K., Houaga I., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I., 2013 : Diversité de la microflore initiale de la viande et sécurité sanitaire des consommateurs. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences, 3,7, 1351-1369.

25.Koutinhouin G. B., Youssao Abdou Karim I., Tougan U. P. et Ahouandjinou F. C., 2012. Bulletin de la Recherche Agronomique du Bénin (BRAB), ISSN sur papier (on hard copy) : 6 1025-2355 et ISSN en ligne (on line) : 1840-7099. en ligne (on line) sur le site web http://www.slire.net

26.Kpodekon M. T., Goussanou J. S. E., Attakpa E.Y., Boko C.K., Ahounou S.G., Salifou C.F., Tougan U.P. and Youssao I.A.K., 2013. Evaluation of macroscopic and microbiological hazards of indigenous pork consumption in south of Benin. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science 2(5): 98-109.

List of communications

1. Tougan, P.U., C.F.A. Salifou, G.S. Ahounou, A.K.I. Youssao, T.M. Kpodekon, 2010 : Evaluation de l’hygiène du procédé d’abattage et impact sur la qualité hygiénique de la viande de poulets locaux d’écotype sud du Benin. 13e Journées des Sciences du Muscle et de la Technologie de la Viande, 19 et 20 octobre 2010 à Clermont Ferrand, France, 54-47.

2. Tougan P. U. , Youssao A. K. I., Dahouda M., Salifou C. F. A., Ahounou G. S., Kpodekon M., Apollinaire M. G., Kossou D., Amenou C., Kogbeto C., Thewis A., 2013. Comparison of carcass traits and meat quality of North and South local broilers ecotypes of Benin in relation to the breeding mode and the slaughter age. Quatrième colloque de l’UAC des Sciences, Cultures et Technologies à l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi; 1p.

3. Tougan, P.U., Youssao A.K.I., 2008. Enquête sur la mortalité et la morbidité des populations locales de volaille de l’espèce Gallus gallus en aviculture familiale au Bénin 2008. Journées scientifiques internationales de Lomé, XIII ème édition, 20 au 24 octobre 2008, Lomé, TOGO.

4. Tougan P.U., Kpodekon T.M., Salifou C. Ahounou G. S., Boko K. C., Youssao A.K.I., 2011. Evaluation de la qualité hygiénique des carcasses de poulets congelés importés et commercialisés sur le marché Dantokpa de Cotonou. . IIIème Colloque de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi des Sciences, Cultures et Technologies du 06 au 10 juin 2011. Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, p313.

5. Tougan P.U., Youssao A.K.I., Dahouda M., Salifou C.F.A., Ahounou G.S., Kpodekon T.M., Mensah G.A., Kossou D., Amenou C., Kogbeto C., Thewis A., 2013. Comparison of carcass traits and meat quality of North and South local broilers ecotypes of Benin in relation to the breeding mode and the slaughter age. IVème Colloque de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi des Sciences, Cultures et Technologies du 23 au 28 Septembre 2013. Université d’Abomey- Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin.

6. Youssao A.K.I., Agbangla C., Ahanhanzo C., Zannou E.N., Tougan P.U., Salifou C.F.A., Ahounou G.S., Kpodekon T.M., 2013. Déterminisme génétique des performances pondérales des lapins de race commune au Sud du Bénin. Communications orales : Session Productions Animales, RASPA, Vol. 11, N°S, p138.

7. Kassa K.S., Moutouama V.M., Salifou C.F.A., Ahounou S.G., Tougan U.P., Youssao A.K.I., 2013. Productivité de la race bovine Somba dans le département de l’Atacora: cas de la commune de Boukombé. IVème Colloque de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi des Sciences, Cultures et Technologies du 23 au 28 Septembre 2013. Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin.

8. Salifou C.F.A., Youssao A.K.I., Kassa S.K., Ahounou G.S., Tougan P.U., Farougou S., Mensah G.A., Clinquart A., 2012. Evaluation de la qualité technologique de la viande du zébu peulh élevé sur pâturage naturel au Benin. XVe édition des Journées Scientifiques Internationales de Lomé du 22 au 26 Octobre 2012. Université de Lomé, Togo.

9. Ahounou G.S., Youssao A.K.I., Dahouda M., Moutouama V., Salifou C.F.A., Tougan P.U. , 2012. Production des fanes d’arachide pour l’alimentation des petits ruminants dans les

7 Départements du Borgou et de l’Alibori. XVe édition des Journées Scientifiques Internationales de Lomé du 22 au 26 Octobre 2012. Université de Lomé, Togo.

10. Salifou C.F.A., Kpodekon T. M., Tougan P.U., Ahounou G.S., Boco C., Clinquart A., Youssao A.K.I. Evaluation de la qualité microbiologique de viandes fraîches de bovins abattus aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto-Novo et vendues dans les postes de vente. IIIème Colloque de l’Université d’Abomey-Calavi des Sciences, Cultures et Technologies du 06 au 10 juin 2011. Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Bénin, p312

11. Salifou C.F.A., Salifou S., Tougan P.U., Ahounou G.S., Youssao A.K.I., 2010: Evaluation de l’hygiène du procédé d’abattage aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto-Novo à l’aide d’examen bactériologique de surface. 13e Journées des Sciences du Muscle et de la Technologie de la Viande, 19 et 20 octobre 2010 à Clermont Ferrand, France, 54-47.

12. Youssao A.K.I, Kpodekon M.T., Goussanou J., Ahounou S.G., Salifou C.F.A., Tougan U.P., 2010. Evaluation des dangers bactériologiques liés à la consommation de la viande de porc local aux abattoirs de Cotonou-Porto-Novo et dans deux tueries au Bénin. Atelier «Sciences Médicales, Pharmaceutiques et Vétérinaires», Burkina Faso, 22-26 novembre.

13. Youssao A.K.I., Rognon X., Yapi-Gnaore V., Kpodekon T.M., Idrissou N-D, Kayang B., Tougan P.U., Ahounou S., Tixier-Boichard M, 2009. Molecular polymorphism of indigenous poultry population of the species Gallus gallus of North and South ecotypes of Benin. 5th World Poultry Conference, 10 au 13 mars 2009b, Taba, Egypt.

FURTHER INFORMATIONS

Good ability in informatics and statistical analysis. Languages skills :

Languag Speech Writing Reading es French Excellent Excellent Excellent English Excellent Excellent Excellent

I certify that the information listed above accurately reflect my situation, my qualifications and my experience.

Dr Ir. Ulbad P. TOUGAN