The Endocrine System (16-1)
Turn to Page 638 in your PH textbook and read the page titled ‘Analyze Cause and Effect’
Science involves many ______-___-______relationships. A cause ______. An effect is ______. When you recognize that one event cause another, you are relating cause and effect. Words such as cause, _____, effect, ____, and _____ often signal a cause-and-effect relationship. However, not all cause and effect relationships are signaled by these words.
Read the paragraph in your book and complete the following graphic organizer below.
I. Hormones and the Endocrine System (pg 640-645) A. Endocrine System- 1. Produces ______that control many of the body’s ______activities. 2. Regulates ______such as growth and ______. B. ______- A chemical produced by an endocrine gland. 1. Hormones can ______, ______, turn on, or turn____ activities of different organs and tissue. 2. Act like a chemical ______moving around in the ______. 3. Hormone production is determined by the ______. 4. ______cells- specialized cells that recognize the hormones’ chemical structure. C. Endocrine Glands- 1. ______- controls sleep, ______, and other basic body processes 2. Pituitary Gland- Controls other endocrine glands and regulates ______, blood pressure, and ______. 3. Other glands include: (see page 643)
D. ______Feedback- When the amount of a particular ______in the blood reaches a certain level, the endocrine system sends signals that ______the release of that hormone.
Make a cause-and-effect graphic organizer similar to the one at the beginning of this page to show the effects of hormones produced by the adrenal glands. The Male and Female Reproductive System (16-2)
I. Sex Cells- A. ______- female sex cell B. Sperm- ______sex cell C. ______- the joining of a sperm and an egg D. ______- the process by which living things produce new individuals of the same type E. Chromosomes- rod-shaped structures in sex cell which______.
II. Male Reproductive System- A. The ______1. Create ______2. Create ______3. Located in an external pouch of skin called the ______that keep the sperm __ to __ cooler than the rest of the body. B. Sperm Production- begins at ______C. The Path of Sperm 1. Travel from the testes through the tube to the penis in a fluid called ______(___ to ______sperm per drop of semen)
III. The Female Reproductive System- Produces eggs and nourishes a fertilized egg A. The ______1. Produce eggs 2. Produce ______. 3. Located slightly below the ______, one on each side
B. The Path of the Egg Cell 1. Ovary ______ Uterus 2. If egg is fertilized it stays in the uterus to develop 3. Not ______, it starts to break down when it enters the uterus IV. The Menstrual Cycle A. Stages of the Cycle
B. Endocrine Control 1. All eggs are present as a baby, but begin going through menstruation around ______. 2. Monthly cycle- producing an egg and preparing the uterus for the fertilized egg 3. Stage 1 ______– releasing the egg from the ovary 4. Stage 2 ______– 4-6 days if no fertilization, lining of the uterus breaks down and is passed through vagina each month until the female is about 50 years old
Pregnancy, Birth, and Childhood (16-3)
I. The ______- a fertilized egg A. Only ______can fertilize an egg
II. The Development of an Embryo (see page 736) A. ______- a developing human B. ______- a membrane which surrounds the embryo and develops into a fluid filled sac which ______and ______the developing baby C. ______- another membrane that forms and becomes the link between the developing embryo and the mother. D. ______- a ropelike structure which forms between the embryo and the placenta. It contains ______that link the embryo to the mother. III. The development of the ______- (pg 737)
A. ______- what the embryo is called from the ninth week of development until birth. B. A typical pregnancy will last ____ weeks.
IV. Birth- takes place in three stages
A. ______- strong muscular ______of the uterus during the first stage of birth B. ______- the second stage of birth where the baby is pushed completing out of the ______, through the ______, and out of the mother’s body C. ______- the third stage of birth process where contractions push the ______and other membranes out of the uterus through the vagina.
V. Multiple Births- the delivery of more than one baby from a single pregnancy (see pg 661 to complete the following flow chart. Be sure to label and color!)
Identical Twins Fraternal Twins
______
______
______Adolescence- A Time of Change
I. Adolescence- a stage of development when kids become adults ______and ______A. Physical Change 1. ______- period of time of sexual development when the body begins to be able to reproduce 2. ______B. ______and ______Changes- examples of these changes
include: ______
Changes that Occur in a Female Changes that occur in a male 1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.
4. 4.
5 5.
Reproductive System Flow Chart
Parts of the Male and Female Reproductive System Graphic Organizer