Biology 12- Transport Across Membranes

Hypertonic, Isotonic, Hypotonic

• Water molecules travel freely through protein channels to try to maintain an environmental ______.

• Osmotic pressure is a measure of the ______water molecules make with the cell membrane surface.

• If there is a ______between the inside and outside of the cell there will be a ______… more collisions as water tries to get across the membrane

• ______is the force the cytoplasm exerts against the inside of the cell membrane.

• Large and prolonged changes in turgidity can have effects on cell function.

• What the solution concentration outside the cell looks like has effect on the cells turgor pressure.

Isotonic

• If the cell is placed in a solution that has ______to inside the cell the solution is called isotonic

• The cell will ______because the osmotic pressure on each side of the cell membrane is equal

• The ______of solute on both sides of the membrane are equal

Hypertonic

• When a cell is exposed to an environment with a ______, water will ______to try to bring the inside and the outside solutions into equilibrium.

• The cell will ______as water leaves and the solute inside the cell will concentrate so that it is more similar to the concentration outside the cell.

• The outside solution is called hypertonic (hyper=high). It has a higher concentration of solute than the cytoplasm. • The shrinking of a cell in a hypertonic solution is called ______. If it is a red blood cell it is called ______.

Hypotonic

• When a cell is placed in a solution that has a ______of solute compared to the cell cytoplasm it is called ______(hypo=low)

• Water moves from ______the cell to try to lower the solute concentration inside the cell

• The cell ______and may even burst if the osmotic pressure is great enough.

• When a red blood cell bursts it is called ______

Hypertonic Isotonic Hypotonic