Supplemental Information s7

1 Supplemental Information

3 4 5 Figure S1. Rabbitfish collection sites. Live fish used in this study were collected in 6 Haifa (August 2015 – July 2016). Historical data of fish from the Gulf of Suez, Egypt, 7 and Cyprus were obtained from the Hebrew University Zoological Museum, 8 Jerusalem. The dates of collection in chronological order are: Abu-Zenima (1967), 9 Cape Pyla (1969), Ra's Misallah (1970), Ras Sedr (1970), Bogaz (1970), El-Tor 10 (1972), Little Bitter Lake (1972), Great Bitter Lake (1975).

1 12 Table S1: Presence of live foraminifera, invertebrates, and algae in fecal pellets of 13 rabbitfish collected off the coast of Haifa Bay. The geographic origin of the 14 foraminiferal species is given and the observed motility is indicated. The taxa are 15 ordered alphabetically.

Geographic origin Siganus rivulatus Siganus luridus Taxa Indo- Atlantic Present Motile Present Motile Pacific Foraminifera 1. Adelosina pulchella • • 2. Ammonia parkinsoniana • • 3. Amphistegina lobifera • • • • • 4. Coscinospira hemprichii • • 5. Cycloforina cf. C. contorta • • • 6. Cycloforina quinquecarinata • • 7. Epistomaroides punctulata • • 8. Eponides repandus • • • • 9. Hauerina diversa • • • • • 10. Heterostegina depressa • • 11. Lachlanella sp. unknown • • • • 12. Miliolinella subrotunda • • • • • • 13. Neoconorbina sp. unknown • • 14. Pararotalia calcariformata • • • • • 15. Peneroplis cf. P. pertusus unknown • • 16. Peneroplis pertusus • • • • • • 17. Peneroplis planatus • • • • • • 18. Pseudohauerinella dissidens • • • 19. Pseudotriloculina laevigata • • • 20. Pseudomassilina sp. unknown • 21. Sigmoihaurenia bradyi • • • • 22. Spiroloculina sp. unknown • • 23. Spirophthalmidium sp. unknown • 24. Sorites orbiculus [1] • • • • • • 25. Textularia agglutinans [2] • • • • 26. Triloculina marioni • • 27. Quinqueloculina berthelotiana • • • • 28. Quinqueloculina multimarginata • • • 29. Quinqueloculina ungeriana • • • • Other Fauna and Flora 1. Amphipoda (Gammaridea) • • • • 2. Annelida (Polychaeta) • • • • 3. Anthozoa (Hexacorallia) • 4. Chlorophyta (green algae) • • 5. Copepoda • • • • unknown 6. Mollusca • • • • 7. Ophiurida • • 8. Ostracoda • • • • 9. Phaeophyta (brown algae) • • 10. Rhodophyta (red algae) • • 16

3 18 Table S2: List of foraminifera species found in gastrointestinal tracts of rabbitfish 19 collected in Gulf of Suez, 1967-1975. Collection sites are detailed in figure S2. 20 Selected specimens are displayed in plates 1 and 2 (figures S2 and S3, 21 correspondingly).

Geographic origin Taxa Indo-Pacific Atlantic 1. Adelosina carinatastriata • • 2. Affinetrina planciana • • 3. Ammonia convexa • 4. Amphistegina lobifera • 5. Buccella sp. unknown 6. Challengerella bradyi • 7. Cribroelphidium sp. unknown 8. Cycloforina quinquecarinata • • 9. Cymbaloporetta sp. • • 10. Elphidium advenum • • 11. Elphidium advenum subsp. limbatum • ? 12. Elphidium fichtellianum • • 13. Elphidium striatopunctatum • • 14. Eponides repandus • • 15. Hauerina diversa • 16. Haynesina sp. unknown 17. Miliolinella sp. unknown 18. Neorotalia calcar • 19. Pararotalia sp. unknown 20. Peneroplis pertusus • • 21. Pseudomassillina sp. unknown 22. Pseudoschlumbergerina ovata • 23. Pseudotriloculina sp. unknown 24. Rosalina globularis • • 25. Sigmoihauerina bradyi • • 26. Sorites orbiculus • • 27. Spiroloculina communis • • 28. Spiroloculina sp. unknown 29. Textularia agglutinans • • 30. Tretomphalus bulloides • • 31. Triloculina trigonula • • 32. Triloculina terquemiana • • 33. Quinqueloculina patagonica • ? 34. Quinqueloculina spp. unknown 22

4 23 Table S3: First recorded sightings and corresponding references of Siganus luridus 24 and Amphistegina lobifera at locations marked in figure 2.

Siganus luridus Amphistegina lobifera Location First record year Reference First record year Reference Haifa, Israel 1955 [3] 1959 [4] El-Kauf, Libya 1968 [5] 1979 [6] Gulf of Tunis 1971 [7] 1981 [6] Crete 2002 [9] 2006 [10] Malta 2002 [11] 2006 [12] Sicily 2004 [13] 2014 [14] Marseille, France 2008 [15] Albania 2010 [16] 2015 [17] Trieste, Italy 2010 [18] 25

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