Chapter 19 Reading Guide The Atmosphere in Motion

19.1: Air Pressure and Wind

Air Pressure Elevation Temperature Humidity

Increasing Elevation leads Decreasing temperature Increasing humidity leads to to decreasing air pressure leads to increasing air decreasing air pressure pressure

1. Define air pressure. Then describe the likely weather in both high and low-pressure conditions.

Air pressure:

In high-pressure conditions:

In low-pressure conditions:

2. Name and describe a way to measure air pressure.

19.2: Factors Affecting Winds

List the ways that the Coriolis effect and friction affect wind.

Coriolis Effect Friction Lessens impact of Coriolis effect, allowing winds to blow on truer course Greater effect over flat land than hilly land

Greatest effect over the ocean

Effect on winds decreases with elevation 1. Define the jet stream and explain the effect friction has on it.

19.3: Global Wind Patterns

1.Explain how warm and cool air circulate through the cells of the three-celled circulation model. Discuss how the Coriolis effect changes the direction of the air as it circulates.

Global wind patterns create somewhat predictable conditions at different places on Earth. List the likely conditions in each latitude zone.

Air Temperature Air Pressure Surface wind direction and strength 1. 0 - 30 Low

2. 30- 60 Hot Little wind, westerly

3. 60 - 90 Low

4. 90 Coldest Steady wind, easterly

19.4 Continental and Local Winds

Under each label, describe the change of direction and temperature of the air as time passes.

Sea Breeze Circulation Land-Breeze Circulation

Describe monsoon winds and explain how the effects of both the seasons and the continents combine to create these winds.