Pizza Hut Park and North Central Texas Fusion System Sensitive

Threat Model Pizza Hut Park and North Central Texas Fusion System Sensitive

Private Security Threat Model for Pizza Hut Park November 17, 2008 Updated 19 January 2009

The Pizza Hut Park model runs on the North Central Texas Fusion System computers and associated data to search for threats to Pizza Hut Park at 9200 World Cup Way – 202, Frisco, Texas. These threats address issues identified by FC Dallas Security and those identified deficiencies in the CARVER model parameters as well as published deterrents based upon the situation supplied by the stakeholder and preliminary analysis by the North Central Texas Fusion System (NCTFS) team.

The stakeholder, FC Dallas, provided information requested by the NCTFS. This input data was used to initiate preliminary analysis as well as setup and evaluate the model parameters.

This document reports on data collected to support analysis, on analyses to identify and categorize threats, and on specification of model keywords and other parameters that are required in addition to those specified in the original questionnaire.

1.0 Focus of Analysis

The primary threat investigated and looked for by the models is soccer and sports related violence.

Foreign soccer teams from all over the world play at Pizza Hut Park. They can bring their local gang and political issues with them. Hooliganism associated with sporting events has occurred in Brazil and Italy.

A secondary threat arises from issues related to drug cartels.

At least one of the soccer teams in Mexico is owned by drug cartels in Mexico. With the great enthusiasm for soccer in Central and South American countries associations between teams and organized criminal groups and drug cartels may exist. As a result, enforcement groups associated with these cartels may attend games. Also drug and prostitution related activities may take place when such groups attend events.

1 Pizza Hut Park and North Central Texas Fusion System Sensitive

Another secondary threat arises from violence resulting from drug use at concerts.

Other events are from concerts which bring drug issues.

2.0 Analysis Plan

Data was collected for this analysis using the fcdallas.com website and queries from Copernic Professional. A query “threats to Pizza Hut Park in Frisco Texas” was first asked. 46 responses from the web were returned. Summaries of the returns are listed along with a credibility rating based on the Journalistic ethical violation standard (Assessment of the Media, Bob Johnson, taken from EyeOnThePost.org ).

FC Dallas and Pizza Hut Park are described to provide a basis for analysis. Following these introductory descriptions is the information resulting from various queries of the Internet.

Threats from associations with FCD partners and sponsors are looked at along with soccer violence.

3.0 Introductory Basis Materials

3.1 About FC Dallas

FC Dallas (FCD), a charter member club of Major League Soccer. The club was formed on June 6, 1995 and played its first game on April 14, 1996, defeating the San Jose Clash in front of 27,779 fans at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas.

Owned by the Hunt Sports Group, FC Dallas is the third winningest team in MLS history and the winner of the 1997 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup. The 2006 season also saw FC Dallas form exclusive partnerships with Mexican First Division club Tigres de la Universidad Autonoma de Nueva Leon (UANL) and Clube Athletico Paranaense of Brazil's Campeonato Brasileiro Serie A. These partnerships will help provide FC Dallas with an avenue to help develop philosophies, practices and training methods both on and off the field.

Additionally, these partnerships will see FCD play an annual home-and-away series against each club. In 2006, FC Dallas won the inaugural Rio Grande Plate against Tigres while 2007 will see the birth of a yet-to-be named competition between the Hoops and Paranaense. https://securemls.mlsnet.com/t104/about/

3.2 About Pizza Hut Park

Opened on August 6, 2005, Pizza Hut Park is a 145-acre multipurpose sports and entertainment facility located at the intersection of Main Street and Dallas North Tollway in Frisco, Texas, and is the home stadium for FC Dallas of Major League Soccer. The stadium, which has a permanent stage on the north end situated off the playing surface, has a capacity of 20,500 fans for sporting events but can expand to accommodate over 27,000 fans for concerts by utilizing field seats. The complex also includes 17 tournament-grade fields used for youth and adult soccer, as well as high school sports and other events. The $105 million public-private complex is owned by the City of Frisco in partnership with the Hunt Sports Group (HSG), the Frisco Independent School District, and Collin County. In February 2006, it was recognized by the Dallas Business Journal as the winner of the Best Community Impact Award for 2005, given to a property that was judged to have created the most positive economic and social impact on a community. In November 2006, Pizza Hut Park became the first professional sports stadium in Texas to be designated as "Green" and administer a formal recycling program. https://securemls.mlsnet.com/t104/about/

4.0 Detailed Analysis

4.1 Threats Concerning Individuals Associated with Tigres de la Universidad Autonoma de Nueva Leon

High level political officials in the Mexican government graduated or are associated with the UANL as listed in Table 4.1. If any of these individuals attend events at Pizza Hut Park extra security precautions should be established to protect against possible assassinations by Mexican Drug Cartel enforcement groups.

Table 4.1. High level government officials associated with UANL Individual Position or Potential Associated Threat Description Jorge Treviño governor of Nuevo Born 2 Nov 1935, affiliated to the León from August 1, Revolutionary Institutional Party 1985 until August 1, 1991 Potential target for assassination Sócrates Rizzo former federal Born 14 Sep 1945, affiliated to the Congressman (1985- Revolutionary Institutional Party 1989), mayor of Monterrey (1989- Potential target for assassination 1991) and former governor of Nuevo León (1991 – 1996) Fernando Elizondo Currently a Mexican Born 6 Jan 1949, affiliated with the

Barragán Senator and interim National Action Party governor of Nuevo León (2003) and Spouse: Verónica Ortiz Salinas former Secretary of Energy in the cabinet Potential targets for assassination of President Vicente Fox José Natividad current governor of Born 30 Mar 1949, affiliated with the González Parás Nuevo León (2003– Revolutionary Institutional Party 2009) direct descendant of José María Parás, governor of the state (1825–1827 and 1848–1850) Spouse: Cristina Maiz González Parás Potential target for assassination Reyes Tamez served as Secretary of Born 18 Apr 1952, member of the Education in the Mexican Academy of Sciences since cabinet of Vicente Fox Apr 2001 (2000 - 2006). Potential target for assassination María Teresa Herrera cabinet of President Born 15 Oct 1956, Tello Vicente Fox as Secretary of the first woman in the history of Nuevo Agrarian Reform León to become a magistrate in the (2000 – 2003). state's Superior Court of Justice

Potential target for assassination Luis Eugenio Todd No information No Information Mauricio Fernández directly related to the Born 2 Apr 1950 in Monterrey, Garza Fernández Ruiloba wealthy and powerful Potential target for assassination family

4.2 Threats Associated with Clube Athletico Paranaense

Atlético Paranaense was born as the result of a merger between the two Curitiba traditional teams, Internacional-PR and América-PR. The merger was announced on March 21, 1924.

The current squad has players from Brazil, Columbia, and Paraguay. The links to Columbia may bring violence from terrorist groups (FARC) and drug cartels from Columbia to the events.

4.3 Threats Related to FC Dallas Sponsors

The fcdallas.com website contains a listing of partners. This list might include companies that encourage protests. Partner Partner Category Signature Baylor Rehabilitation System The Dallas Morning News Texans Credit Union Verizon Wireless Marketing Adidas Advocare Al Dia Dels Fast Signs North Dallas Sports Pilot Frisco Square Gatorade Texas Traditions KwikGoal Loomis Label Systems Maui Wowi Mrs Bairds Nutriworks Professional Turf Quick Lochranns Sprinturf WFAA The Sports Page Weekly Wendy’s Time Warner Cable Michael Johnson Performance The Westin Stonebriar Resort Sheriton Northside at Legacy Kia Ora Park Quest Albertsons Josephine’s Western Union Broadcast ABC Partners Direct High ESPN2 FOX Soccer FSN Southwest Galavision

HDNet 52 La Rachera Telefutura 23 Business AEG Live Partners North Texas Soccer Sodexho Ticketmaster MLS Official Aquafina Sponsers Budweiser Chase Gatprade NAPA Panasonic Mist US Soccer Foundation VISA Volks Wagon Dick’s Sporting Goods XBOX 360 Live Glidden Makita American Airlines The Home Depot Official Uniform Adidas Supplier Corporate Kraft Red Bull

Sponsors of particular interest to watch are American Airlines, ABC, Verizon Wireless and the Dallas Morning News.

4.4 Threats from Sports Violence

The interest in European football by Asian gamblers is extraordinary. Most people understand that there is interest in big matches, but the sheer size of the market and the unimportance of many of the matches they bet on, is staggering. There are matches played by Scottish teenagers watched by about 20 people and three dogs. But in the crowd will be one or two Chinese – like Zing and Xi – who relay information back to the vast illegal gambling markets of Beijing, Bangkok or Batam.

At first, the police were mystified as to why anyone would kill them. Then they discovered their profession – Zing and Xi worked in the Asian gambling market. And it seems that they had angered the wrong people.

There are stories of gang attacks, a poisonous cobra being put in a player’s car and of a goalkeeper dying in a “mysterious” car accident. An English coach who had worked in Asian

6 Pizza Hut Park and North Central Texas Fusion System Sensitive leagues told me how his players were approached by the gambling match-fixers, “There is no nice chat, no long-term relationship stuff. They just ring up the players and says, 'You do it or else.’ They will phone the players and say, 'We want this game to be 2-0 spread. You win. Or you lose.’ If the player refuses, they say 'We know where your sister goes to school’ or 'where your granny shops.’” A recent study in the American journal Foreign Policy estimated the entire Asian gambling industry, both legal and illegal, at $450 billion a year (the Asian pharmaceutical industry is worth roughly $106 billion a year).

Last year, in an obscure Frankfurt courthouse, a Malaysian-Chinese fixer called William Lim Bee Wah was put on trial. He was released on bail and has not been seen since. The fixers are well-known so they must disguise their bets with 'beards’, people who place the bets for them. This becomes very important if they are fixing a small match where there is not much money in the market on the game, so the swings are more obvious. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/leagues/premierleague/3224065/Match-fixing-Premier- League-footballs-dark-and-dangerous-side-Football.html Reporter: Declan Hiill, Telegraph.co.uk, 19 October 2008. Credibility rating: 50%.

Argentinean soccer hooligan gangs have put a black mark on the national sport of Argentina. The members of these groups with names such as ‘The Scoundrels,’ ‘The Slum Dwellers,’ ‘The Lepers,’ 'The Drunkards of the Stands,' and ‘The Garbage Men’ are more focused on causing violence in the streets with rival gangs as well as tormenting out of favor coaches and players from the club they support. Barra brava-related violence has claimed some 250 lives in the past 50 years, estimates Amilcar Romero, a journalist who has written extensively on the gangs.

Last year, a judge ordered Mr. Alvarez and several other hooligans detained for suspicion of involvement in killing a fan; Mr. Alvarez remained a fugitive from justice for several weeks, until the judge ruled there were insufficient grounds to make a case against him. Both Mr. Alvarez and his attorney declined to comment. But "Big Baby" has told the Argentine press that he's been reborn under Ms. Rubeo's tutelage. "I've learned that the fútbol fiesta could only exist in peace," he said recently. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122169746081650331.html Reported by Matt Moffett, The Wall Street Journal, 18 September 2008, Credibility rating: 60%.

Ted Miguel at UC Berkeley published an interesting paper (co-authored with Sebastián M. Saiegh and Shanker Satyanath) which documents an intriguing empirical fact. Players in European leagues who come from countries with histories of civil war are more likely to behave violently on the soccer field, as measured by the number of yellow cards (cautions) they receive.

The two countries in the top right corner are Israel and Colombia. Miguel et al. interpret this finding as suggesting that culture plays a role in determining propensity to violence and aggression. Whether civil wars are the result of such a culture or foster it, individuals who come from such environments carry certain proclivities that take apparently some time to dissipate. http://rodrik.typepad.com/dani_rodriks_weblog/2008/04/soccer-culture.html, Dani Rodrik’s weblog, 3 April 2008. Credibility rating: 100%.

On October 29, 2008, James Herring, age 22, stole a 1994 Chevy truck in front of Pizza Hut Park. The truck belonged to Frisco Police Department officer Jerry Varney who was working traffic in from of Pizza Hut Park. James Herring now faces felony theft and evading charges. http://www.nbcdfw.com/news/local/Suspected_Thief_Steals_Wrong_Truck.html, reported by Omar Villafranca, NBC5i.com , Credibility rating: 90%.

On March 14, 2008, David Beckham made his first appearance at Pizza Hut Park. FC Dallas plays host to Los Angeles Galaxy. No threats to park security mentioned. http://fc.dallas.mlsnet.com/news/team_news.jsp? ymd=20080314&content_id=143356&vkey=news_fcd&fext=.jsp&team=t104, Steve Hunt contributor to MLSnet.com. Credibility rating: 90%.

Teams from the Caribbean (Jamaica) and Central America (El Salvador) play at Pizza hut Park. For example El Salvador played Jamaica on July 26, 2008 in an international

8 Pizza Hut Park and North Central Texas Fusion System Sensitive friendly as confirmed by the park’s spokesman, German Sferra. http://www.wfaa.com/sharedcontent/dws/spt/soccer/stories/071108dnspofrinedly.42f522 79.html. Reported by Diego Aparicio, WFAA.com. Credibility rating: 100%.

5.0 Incorporation into Model

The model starts with keywords used to filter data for more detailed language-based analysis.

These keyword groups are associated with Pizza Hut Park and the areas of focus listed in the previous section. The keyword groups are listed in the following table (they can be refines as data and experience is collected):

Keyword Group Keywords Pizza Hut Park Pizza Hut Park Protest Violence MLS MLS Protest Violence Soccer Soccer Protest Violence Beckham Beckham Football Galaxy Team Team National Fifa Stadium Tigres de la Universidad Autonoma Atlético Paranaense FCDallas FCDallas Protest Violence Soccer Violence Soccer Violence Fight Hoolighan Drug Drug Soccer Mexico Columbia Nueva Leon Nueva Leon

Tigres de la Universidad Autonoma Jorge Treviño Sócrates Rizzo Fernando Elizondo Barragán José Natividad González Parás Reyes Tamez María Teresa Herrera Luis Eugenio Todd Mauricio Fernández Garza

There are 14 categories in the more detailed analysis which are used to search for specific threats on the extracted links from the articles that pass the filtering. The categories are listed below.

Biological Agents Industrial Accident High Winds Blockade Intruders Terrorism Bombing Lightning Financial Chemical Agents Electrical Outage Criminal Espionage Protest Private Security Dirty Bomb Electromagnetic Interference General Extreme Temperatures Radiological Agents Location Fire Strikes Groups Floods Tornadoes Cyber Hackers Viruses Water Contamination Sports Violence