Chapter 16 Reading Guide

Chapter 16 Reading Guide Name ______

Section 16.1 1. Why did the house fall down? Section16.3 2. What is Figure 1 showing? 1. What is a colligative property? 3. What determines whether a substance will 2. What is a nonvolatile solute? dissolve? 3. What happens to the vapor pressure when 4. What determines how fast it will dissolve? you add a nonvolatile solute? 5. Why does stirring speed up dissolving? 4. Why does the vapor pressure change? 6. What doesn’t stirring change? 5. Why do ionic compounds have a bigger 7. Why does raising the temperature make impact than molecular compounds? things dissolve faster? 6. What does a solute change about the 8. Why do smaller particles dissolve faster? freezing process? 9. Why can’t you keep adding salt and have it 7. What happens to the freezing point? dissolve? 8. Why do they use salt on icy roads? 10. What is in dynamic equilibrium in the salt 9. When does a liquid boil? solution? 10. How does a solute change this? 11. What is a saturated solution? 11. What happens to the boiling point? 12. What is solubility? 12. What determines how big the affect is? 13. What are miscible liquids? 14. What affects solubility of solid solutes? Section 16.4 15. What affects solubility of liquid solutes? 1. What is molality? 16. What affects solubility of gaseous solutes? 2. How is it different from molarity? 17. How does raising the temperature affect 3. What is a mole fraction? solid solutes? 4. How do you figure out the change in the 18. What is a supersaturated solution? freezing point? 19. How does raising the temperature affect the 5. How do you figure out the change in the solubility of a gas? boiling point? 20. What is thermal pollution? 6. Look at example 16.8 and 16.9 and tell what 21. How does pressure affect the solubility of effect it has if the solute is ionic instead of solids and liquids? molecular? 22. How does pressure affect the solubility of gases? 23. What is Henry’s Law?

Section 16.2 1. What is concentrations? 2. How are dilute and concentrated solutions different? 3. What is molarity? 4. How do you use it to find the number of moles of solute? 5. How do you make a dilution? 6. What changes when you dilute a solution? 7. What doesn’t change when you dilute a solution? 8. What equation do you use when diluting? 9. What effect does different glassware have when you make a dilution? 10. What two ways is percent solution determined? 11. What are the equations for these two ways?