Summarize What the Authors Meant by View from the Trenches and View from the Nation

The Civil Rights Movements Race and Social Justice in U.S. History Part I – African American Civil Rights Movement - View from the Nation / View From the Trenches 1. After reading “View from the Trenches, View From the Nation” (pg. 88-89, RSJ Reader), summarize what the authors meant by “View from the Trenches” and “View from the Nation”. For each topic, give one example to illustrate what is meant by View from the Trenches and View from the Nation.

2. Assignment: Views from the Nation and from the Trenches - Roles & Rubrics a. You will be assigned one of the 16 topics for the African American Civil Rights Movement Presentation Project. 1. Topics include, in chronological order: (1) Septima Clark (Highlander Folk School and Citizenship Schools), (2) A. Phillip Randolph and Executive Order 8802, (3) Harry Truman and Civil Rights, (4) Earl Warren and Brown vs. Board of Education, (5) The Southern Manifesto and Massive Resistance, (6) The Montgomery Bus Boycott (E.D. Nixon and Rosa Parks), (7) Dwight D. Eisenhower and Little Rock, (8) Sit-ins (Franklin McCain, Joe McNeil and Diane Nash), (9) Ella Baker and Diane Nash, (10) Southern Law Enforcement (Eugene “Bull” Connor – Birmingham, AL and Laurie Pritchett – Albany, GA), (11) Bayard Rustin – A Lifetime of Activism, (12) Martin Luther King, Jr., (13) John F. Kennedy and the Civil Rights Act of 1964, (14) Voter Registration (Amelia Boynton and Herbert Randall), (15) Lyndon B. Johnson and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, (16) Black Panthers 2. For your assigned topic you will need to: (1) summarize the topic, (2) discuss significance, (3) relate the photos, (4) discuss whether it fits into trenches or nation, and (4) rank it (on a scale of 1-16, 1 being most significant, 16 being least significant). a. For each class presentation on a figure/event in the African American Civil Rights Movement, you need to take notes that cover each of the following: (1) summarize the topic (including date) (2) discuss significance, (3) relate the photos, (4) discuss whether it fits into trenches or nation, and (4) rank it (on a scale of 1-16, 1 being most significant, 16 being least significant). b. During presentations you and your group need to discuss one presentation’s ranking that you would like to challenge. Analyze why you feel their ranking should be challenged.

Presentation Grade Rubric: a. Topic summary succinctly summarizes the event or person, assesses its significance, and connects it to the “View from the Trench or Nation” perspective. b. Effectively stated why the topic was significant. c. Presenters used images/photos to assist their discussion of the topic or spectrum placement. d. Ranking was based on analysis. Total: _____/15 points e. Had summaries of 15 topics: Total: _____/5 points f. Challenged another group’s ranking Total: _____/5 points

Part II - Civil Rights Movement and White Americans 1. Read the excerpt from “Blindsided by History” (RSJ Reader, pgs. 90-91), which details Johnny Coggins and how he was affected by the events at Central High School, Little Rock? How was Johnny Coggins affected by the events surrounding the Little Rock 9? Was there a difference between what he did and what he wished he had done? Explain. 2. You will be assigned one reading that discusses a white ally in the African American Civil Rights Movement. After reading and summarizing the following questions for your own topic, each group member should share their reading. You are expected to have answers to the following questions for EACH white ally: Virginia Durr (pg. 94-95 in RSJ Reader), Carl and Anne Braden (pg. 95-96) in RSJ Reader), and Jim Zwerg (pg. 96-97 in RSJ Reader). 1. What led the particular person to become an ally in the fight for equal rights for African Americans? 2. What role did they actually play? What did they do to aid in the fight for civil rights.

Part III - The Aftermath of the African American Civil Rights Movement 1. Read “First integrated prom for rural Georgia high school” (pg. 92-93 in RSJ Reader). How does the reading prove that we still have a ways to go before we truly free from bias? Give a specific quote to back up your answer.

Part IV - Civil Rights and the Chicano Movement Read “Address to the Commonwealth Club of California” (RSJ Reader, pgs. 98-99) 1. What conditions mentioned by Chavez would the UFW be fighting to improve? 2. Cesar Chavez saw the UFW as “something more than a union”. In other words, the union achieved something more than just improving the conditions of the worker. Name two pieces of evidence that prove that, in Chavez’s mind, the UFW was “something more than a union.”

Part V – Women and Civil Rights 1. Look at the “Home Economist” quiz on pg. 100 of your RSJ Reader. What were women expected to do/be in the 1950s? Use one question to highlight the expectation you stated. 2. Who was Betty Friedan? How do you think she would have reacted to the roles presented in the “Home Economist” reading? 3. Look at the “Then and Now” chart on pg. 99. Give two statistics that prove the success of the women’s rights movement. Give one statistic that proves that the movement has not achieved all it hoped for.

Part VI - The Status of Native Americans 1. Race Relations in America, states (on pg. 196) that Indians “continued as strangers in their native land”. Read about the Indian Civil Rights Act on pg. 196. To what extent does the authors interpretation of the effects of this act support the quote above?

2. Read “The Overriding Sovereignty of the United States” on pg. 202-203 in Race Relations in America. Does this reading support or refute the concept of Indians remaining “as strangers in their native land.” Explain.

3. After watching the video, “Takeover of Alcatraz”, what were the issues that members of AIM were fighting for in the 1970s?

4. Read “Leonard Peltier on the Trail of Broken Treaties Protest (1999)”. (Source: Voices of a People’s History of the United States). You can find this reading in your RSJ Reader, pg. 101. a. What was the purpose of the Trail of Broken Treaties and the meeting at the Bureau of Indian Affairs? b. Why did the Native Americans take over the building? c. Were there any positive results of this incident – the takeover of the Bureau of Indian Affairs building in Washington D.C.?

Part VII– The Conservative Backlash and the Early Gay Rights Movements 1. What did the term silent majority refer to? Why were they getting “fed up” during the civil rights movement?

2. Summarize the following events and discuss which civil rights movement they were a reaction against: a. Hard Hat Riots b. Attica Prison Riots and Response c. Boston Busing Crisis d. Disco and the Me Generation

3. After watching the clip from “The Times of Harvey Milk”, answer the following questions: a. What factors led to the defeat of Proposition 6 even though it looked as if it would easily pass? b. Harvey Milk was assassinated in 1978. What would have happened to the gay rights movement had he not died?