CHAPTER 28 Pop Art, Op Art, Minimalism, and Conceptualism
Multiple-Choice Questions
1. Which is the best definition of an artistic Happening? a. an unplanned event b. improvisation c. unrestrained self-expression d. a café performance Answer: b
2. The first Pop Art poster appeared in a. New York City in 1960. b. Paris in 1959. c. London in 1956. d. Dresden in 1920. e. Moscow in 1917. Answer: c
3. Which was NOT a feature of Hamilton’s Pop Art checklist? a. elitism b. youthfulness c. mass-production d. transience e. wit Answer: a
4. Which is NOT an influence discernible in Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing? a. Flemish 15th-century painting b. Classical poses c. appliances d. black-and-white cinema e. Gothic Revival Answer: e
5. Which of the following correctly matches artist with work? a. Johns – Portrait of Frank O’Hara b. Lichtenstein – Great American Nude No.57 c. Wesselmann – Three Flags d. Hesse – Little Big Picture e. Beuys – Coyote, I like America and America Likes Me Answer: e
6. “I want to be a machine” is a statement made by a. Hesse. b. Warhol. c. Rauschenberg. d. Flavin. Answer: b
7. Which of the following correctly matches a source of imagery with the artist that utilized it? a. comic books – Lindner b. pinball machines – de Saint-Phalle c. Hollywood pinups – Lichtenstein d. Leonardo’s Last Supper – Escobar e. Prehistoric “Venuses” – Wesselmann Answer: d
8. Kitaj’s Juan de la Cruz combines which two political situations? a. the Vietnam War and the Spanish-American War b. the Spanish-American War and the First World War c. the Vietnam War and the Inquisition d. the Inquisition and the American Civil War Answer: c
9. Which is LEAST a quality of Oldenburg’s sculptures? a. Small objects are enlarged. b. Hard objects are made of soft material. c. Inanimate objects become anthropomorphic. d. They are humorless. Answer: d
10. The 20th-century artist who wraps living people is a. Oldenburg. b. Beuys. c. Hesse. d. Segal. e. Marisol. Answer: d
11. The title and of the first significant Pop Art show in New York was a. the “New Realists,” 1962. b. “Pop – 1960.” c. “Pop and Op at the Top,” 1965. d. “Art at the Top,” 1956. e. “Top Art – 1969.” Answer: a
12. The term “Op” is short for a. optimum. b. optical. c. opulent. d. optional. Answer: b
13. Minimalism was a reaction against which of the following? a. figuration b. nature c. the artist’s hand d. geometry e. figuration, nature, and the artist’s hand Answer: e
14. The most painterly of the Minimalists was a. Hesse. b. Flavin. c. Martin. d. Judd. Answer: c
15. The most autobiographical of the Minimalists was a. Hesse. b. Flavin. c. Martin. d. Judd. Answer: a
16. The Minimalist whose primary medium was fluorescent lights was a. Hesse. b. Flavin. c. Martin. d. Judd. Answer: b
17. Who of the following created action sculpture? a. Hesse b. de Saint-Phalle c. Marisol d. Beuys e. Segal Answer: d
18. Which was NOT an element used in Coyote, I Like America and America Likes Me? a. a felt blanket b. newspapers c. a pipe d. a crook Answer: c
19. Art as Idea as Idea is an example of a. Minimalism. b. Pop Art. c. Op Art. d. Conceptual Art. e. Surrealism. Answer: d 20. In 1967, ______published what is considered a “manifesto” of conceptual art – Paragraphs on Conceptual Art. a. Hesse b. Judd c. Kosuth d. Lewitt e. Martin Answer: d
21. Which Pop artist was most likely to have painted repetitious advertising images? a. Johns b. Warhol c. Lichtenstein d. Hamilton Answer: b
Key Works
Richard Hamilton, Just what is it that makes today’s homes so different, so appealing?, 1956 Jasper Johns, Three Flags, 1958 Jasper Johns, Painted Bronze (Ale Cans), 1960 Robert Rauschenberg, Black Market, 1961 Robert Rauschenberg, Retroactive I, 1964 Andy Warhol, Campbell’s Soup I (Tomato), 1968 Andy Warhol, Elvis I and II, 1964 Roy Lichtenstein, Torpedo…Los!, 1963 Roy Lichtenstein, Little Big Picture, 1965 Richard Lindner, Rock-Rock, 1966–1967 R. B. Kitaj, Juan de la Cruz, 1967 Tom Wesselmann, Great American Nude No. 57, 1964 Wayne Thiebaud, Thirteen Books, 1992 Claes Oldenburg, Soft Switches, 1964 Claes Oldenburg, Soft Light Switches—Ghost Version, 1971 version of a 1964 original Claes Oldenburg, Clothespin, Centre Square, Philadelphia, 1976 George Segal, Chance Meeting, 1989 George Segal, Cinema, 1963 Niki de Saint-Phalle, Black Venus, 1965–1967 Marisol Escobar, The Last Supper (installed at the Sidney Janis Gallery), 1982 Bridget Riley, Aubade (Dawn), 1975 Donald Judd, Untitled, 1967 Dan Flavin, Untitled (in Honor of Harold Joachim), 1977 Agnes Martin, Untitled #9, 1990 Eva Hesse, Metronomic Irregularity I, 1966 Eva Hesse, Laocoön, 1966 Sol Lewitt, Serial Project No. 1 (ABCD), 1966 Sol Lewitt, Wall Drawing No. 681 C, 1993 Joseph Kosuth, Art as Idea as Idea, 1966 Joseph Beuys, The Pack, 1969 Joseph Beuys, Coyote, I Like America and America Likes Me, two views of a week-long sequence, 1974 Key Terms encaustic Happening serial art silkscreen