Turkey’S Building A Dam On The Euphrates To Protect And Ensure Their Water Supply Had What Effect On The Neighboring Country Of

7th Grade Social Studies Review

1. In South Asia, air pollution is a very serious problem. What is the primary cause of the serious indoor air pollution problem in South Asia? a. Improper sanitary procedures. b. Too many people in the cities. c. Lack of green cleaning products. d. Cooking and heating with biomass fuels.

2. Each year, millions of people bathe in the most sacred river in India. Because the river is known as a source of sacred healing, people with sicknesses and diseases bathe themselves hoping to be cured. For others, such as Hindu priests, bathing in the river is a sacred tradition. As a result of some religious practices, lack of sanitation infrastructure in certain areas, and the difficulty of regulating factories, cremated bodies, raw sewage, and industrial waste from factories float down the river.

Based on the passage above, what environmental issue are the people of India facing? a. Pollution of the Ganges b. Deforestation of the rainforests c. Erosion in Himalayan Mountains d. Pesticides polluting the region’s ground water

3. How have the Himalayan Mountains affected India and Pakistan? a. Made much of India a desert. b. Helped India to trade with China c. Isolated India and Pakistan from China. d. Provided good soil for the development of agriculture.

4. Which of these identifies a person as a member of a religious group? a. Same language b. Shared beliefs c. Same nationality d. Shared physical traits

5. Which is a major difference between Hinduism and Islam? a. Having sacred texts b. View of the “afterlife” c. Important influence in Southern and Eastern Asia d. Having different sects or groups within the religion

6. What effect does an increase in a country’s literacy rate have on the people who live there? a. a lower urban population b. a higher infant mortality rate c. an increase in standard of living d. an increase in the agricultural labor force

7. Turkey’s building a dam on the Euphrates to protect and ensure their water supply had what effect on the neighboring country of Iraq? a. led to an increase in oil export b. decreased available shipping routes from the Persian Gulf c. decreased the amount of travel on the respective waterways d. led to the unequal distribution of water 8. Explain why the population of the Sahara is low. a. Limited access to water b. Limited access to oil c. Too much oil d. Too much water

9. Although Judaism, Islam, and Christianity are similar, one key difference is a. their patriarchal leader b. their view on Jesus Christ c. they have a place of worship d. Jerusalem is sacred to Christianity alone

10. The religions of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity all have which characteristic in common. a. polytheistic b. monotheistic c. ethnic groups d. same holy book

11. The reason for division between Sunni and Shia Muslims is based on the issue of a. the issue of women’s rights within the religion b. who should control the natural resources of the region c. who should succeed Muhammad as leader or caliph after his death d. where the geographical center of the Islamic world should be located

12. In Japan, the prefectures (Japan’s word for states or provinces) do not have any independent authority. Instead, they carry out the laws and policies of the national government. This is an example of what system of government? a. Unitary b. Confederation c. Federal d. Parliamentary

A national government as well as 28 state governments The leader of each state legislature’s majority is appointed governor by the president Citizens of each state elect state legislatures

13. Based on the information above, which term identifies India’s government? a. federal republic b. communist state c. constitutional monarchy d. autocratic confederation

The emperor holds a ceremonial role as head of state The prime minister is the head of government The government’s true power lies with the Prime Minister and the Cabinet

14. Based on the information above, which term identifies Japan’s government? a. federal republic b. communist state c. autocratic confederation d. constitutional monarchy 15. How does a Democratic government differ from an Oligarchic government? a. Judicial system b. role of the citizen c. Law making process d. Executive branch

16. In a parliamentary government, unlike presidential, the head of government belongs to which branch? a. Judicial b. National c. Executive d. Legislative

17. In which of these countries would the leader have to be a direct descendant of the prior leader of the Country? a. Iran b. Israel c. Saudi Arabia d. Afghanistan

18. In a parliamentary system, who is the head of government? a. monarch b. dictator c. President d. Prime Minister

19. Why do countries have mixed economies? a. Each part of a country has different types of money. b. A country’s economy has both national and state elements. c. Each part of a country has a different economy. d. A country’s economy has both command and market elements.

20. After the Persian Gulf War, the United Nations imposed an embargo on Iraq. What would be the reason an embargo was used by the United Nations? a. To control the Iraqi economy after the war. b. To restrict trade with Iraq until they met UN requirements. c. To increase the cost of Iraqi products to help Iraq’s economy. d. To protect Iraq’s domestic industry so it would grow after the war.

21. Oil is the major export of Saudi Arabia to many different countries. Saudi Arabia’s international trade in oil is made much easier by a. Use of a world wide currency b. A system to exchange currency between countries. c. Trading only with countries that have the same currency. d. Trade of oil for other needed goods so currency is not needed.

22. Saudi Arabia’s literacy rate increased from approximately 48% in 1980 to over 78% by 2009. Why is this important for the Saudi Arabian economy? a. It has helped increase foreign trade. b. It caused a decrease in foreign debt. c. It helped to increase the country’s GDP. d. It resulted in fewer jobs for Saudi citizens. 23. In Iran, the economy is highly centralized and there are a lot of regulations about private individuals opening and operating businesses. However, Saudi Arabia has made owning and operating a business very easy compared to the world average. What impact does this have on the role of entrepreneurs in both countries? a. Entrepreneurs are not affected by government regulations. b. It will limit efforts of entrepreneurs in both Iran and Saudi Arabia. c. Entrepreneurs will be able to make significant contributions to Saudi Arabia’s economy but not to Iran’s economy. d. Both Iran and Saudi Arabia will benefit greatly from the efforts of entrepreneurs.

The North Korean government determines: What to produce How to produce For whom to produce 24. According to the information box, North Korea’s economy is MOST LIKE which economic system? a. Traditional b. Market c. Command d. Bartering

25. In order to protect a nation’s car manufacturing industry from foreign car producers, the government charges the importer a fee for each imported car. This is an example of what kind of trade barrier? a. Subsidy b. Tariff c. Quota d. Embargo

26. Jiang wants to sell his products manufactured in his country to consumers in several other Asian countries. This will involve him in international trade. What needs to be in place so Jiang can accurately determine the price of his products in these other nations? a. A common Asia currency. b. An embargo on the countries he trades with. c. A system for exchanging currencies between countries. d. A treaty with each country setting the price for his products.

27. Microsoft Corp, the world’s largest software company, said the company will invest $1.7 billion in India over the next four years to expand its operations. The money will be spent to make India a major hub for Microsoft’s research, product and application development, and services and technical support. India’s highly skilled software professionals, low-cost operations, a booming economy, good telecommunication links, and a rapidly growing market have made many foreign companies announce plans to expand their operations in India. Which is an example of human capital in the above passage? a. skilled software professionals b. computer factories in New Delhi c. research products for Microsoft d. loans to local software companies

28. China’s economy is growing at a very rapid pace. Why are entrepreneurs important in the growth and transition of China’s economy? a. They build new factories. c. They provided guidance on education. b. They planned the Olympics in 2008. d. They run the government. 29. China’s economy has begun to change from a command economy to a more market economy. This has resulted in increased investment both by the Chinese and by foreign entrepreneurs. How will this investment in capital affect China’s GDP? a. Increase GDP b. Decrease GDP c. No effect of GDP d. Not related to GDP

30. What is the theme that ties The Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square Massacre together? a. Mao Zedong led each of them b. Improvements to China’s economy were a result. c. They all led to fewer freedoms for people of China. d. They all led to more opportunities for people of China.

31. Why did the United States believe it was necessary to become involved in both Korea and Vietnam? a. To protect them from attack. b. Prevent a serious health crisis c. Stop the spread of communism. d. Improve each country’s economy.

32. How did European involvement in Southwest Asia impact the region after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire? a. Many Europeans emigrated to Southwest Asia. b. Countries in Southwest Asia modeled their governments on European governments. c. Political borders were decided by European powers without consideration of the political and historic connections in the region. d. European powers presence in Southwest Asia establish a long period of peace and mproved relations with non-Muslim western nations.

33. At the root of many conflicts in the Middle East is a religious issue concerning historical ownership of the land. This issue centers around who a. settled there first b. was promised the land by God c. won the battle of Armageddon d. established the city of Jerusalem

34. The state of Israel was established in May, 1948, to provide a homeland for the Jewish people. One of the reasons behind the establishment of the State of Israel was a. the French Mandate system. b. the Zionist movement in Europe. c. a vote by the people of Palestine. d. a requirement of the Treaty of Versailles.

35. In sub-Saharan Africa, less than 50% of the population has access to safe drinking water because of environmental pollution How has this shortage of safe drinking water affected development in sub- Saharan Africa? A. Slowed economic growth. B. Increased size of the Sahara. C. Increased population growth. D. Slowed the deforestation of the rain forest. 36. What effect does poor soil and deforestation have on land in Africa? A. Land is excellent archeological dig sites. B. Land is useless for farming and agriculture. C. Land becomes part of national park systems. D. Land becomes a better place to raise a family.

37. In the Sahel, overgrazing and drought have resulted in a decrease in the grassland region. What is this process called? A. Deforestation B. Desertification C. Unequal distribution D. Environmental pollution

38. Explain why the population of the Sahara is low. A. Too much oil. B. Too much water. C. Limited access to oil. D. Limited access to water.

39. Which person is a member of a religious group? A. Nemal is a Kurd. B. Mustafa is a Muslim. C. Kimba is an Ashanti. D. Lakesha is a Nigerian.

40. African religious beliefs include traditional religious beliefs that came before the introduction of Christianity and Islam to the continent. Which of these statements describes traditional African religious beliefs? A. Belief in Krishna. B. Belief their king is a god. C. Belief in the importance of a divine savior. D. Belief in the influence of ancestors of daily life.

41. In Nigeria’s government, power is divided between Central and regional authorities. This is an example of which government type? A. Unitary B. Confederation C. Federal D. parliamentary

42. All citizens participate equally in which type of government? A. Oligarchy B. Democracy C. Autocracy D. theocracy

43. As a Parliamentary form of government, how is the President of South Africa elected? A. All citizens vote for the president B. The national assembly elects the president C. The president is appointed by the Prime Minister. D. The president is elected by the cabinet. 44. In Kenya males average 10 years of schooling and females 9 years. The literacy rate for males is 90% and females 80%. In Sudan the literacy rate for males is 61% and for females 50%. What could you conclude about the opportunity for education in the Sudan compared to Kenya?

A. Females have less opportunity for education in Kenya than in Sudan. B. Females in Kenya have the same opportunity for education as males in Sudan. C. Females have the same opportunity for education in Kenya as in Sudan. D. Females have more opportunity for education in Kenya than Sudan.

45. During the last half of the 20th century Africa has had numerous civil wars. Africa has a serious AIDS/HIV crisis. Over 70% of the people world-wide infected with AIDS live in sub-Saharan Africa. One of the major consequences of the numerous civil wars affecting the treatment of AIDS patients is

A. Lack of medical training. B. Unsanitary drinking water. C. Over crowded refugee camps. D. Disruption in the distribution of medicine.

46. In this country a single or centralized government authority decides what is produced. Which term identifies this type of economic system?

A. Traditional B. Command C. Market D. Pubic

47. South African economic policy is conservative focusing on controlling inflation, maintaining a budget surplus, and using state-owned enterprises to deliver basic services to low-income areas as a means to increase job growth and household income. However, companies are freed to choose what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce. Where does this policy place South Africa on a continuum between pure market and pure command? A. Almost pure traditional B. Pure market C. More market than command D. Pure command

48. Nigeria has a new industry that builds tractors for agriculture. To protect this new industry from competition by lower priced foreign built tractors the Nigerian government would use what type of economic trade barrier to raise the price of imported tractors? A. Embargo B. Quota C. Tariff D. Treaty

49. Most African nations depend on foreign trade with many nations to provide things which are not made in their country. Which of these makes foreign trade with many nations easier?

A. Use of a world-wide currency. B. A system to exchange currency between countries. C. Trading only with countries that have the same currency. D. Trade of products made in their country for needed goods so currency is not needed. 50. Nigeria has large deposits of oil and is currently exporting a significant quantity of oil. However, Nigeria has very few industries outside of oil and no other significant natural resources. How does this impact Nigeria’s GDP? A. Makes the GDP more dependent on agriculture. B. Makes the GDP more dependent on oil production. C. Makes the GDP inaccurate because there is little industry. D. Makes the GDP inaccurate because there is only one major natural resource in the country.

51. In South Africa it is easy to start a business. In addition, private property rights are well protected. What impact does this have on the role of entrepreneurs in South Africa?

A. Entrepreneurs are not affected. B. The efforts of entrepreneurs are limited because of a lack of government rules. C. Entrepreneurs will have no real impact on the economy of South Africa. D. Entrepreneurs can make a significant contribution to South Africa’s economy.

52. In 1946 British colonial authorities merged southern and northern Sudan into a single administrative region. The inhabitants of southern Sudan primarily practice Christianity and Traditional African religions. Northern Sudan is inhabited by Arab Muslims. Merging the citizens in the previously separate regions led to the first Sudanese civil war and subsequent political and ethnical strife. Based on the passage, what contributed to civil war in Sudan?

A. Apartheid. B. Pan-African Movement. C. Artificial political borders. D. African Nationalist movement.

53. Which of these was the result of the nationalist movement in countries like Nigeria and Kenya?

A. poverty B. illiteracy C. independence D. the spread of AIDS

54. What role did Nelson Mandela and F.W. De Klerk play in the evolution of Apartheid in South Africa?

A. They created apartheid. B. They enhanced apartheid. C. They helped maintain apartheid. D. They worked to abolish apartheid.

55. The purpose of the Pan African Movements in Africa is to

A. Develop a unified region. B. Create one African language. C. Create one African Government. D. Develop a unified political identity.