Department of Interdisciplinary Studies IDST 1250 Writing for the Health Professional - Dr. Nasser Masri

Course Description This course is designed to implement and engage students’ discussion that relates to different writing mechanical aspects, styles and structure. It further links universal experimental and reasonable functions and applications to familiar or widespread writing settings and positions we can find in the medical and other health fields.

In many professional disciplines, writing communication is one of the most important types of communication. However, in the medical or any other health care fields, there is a high sprouting demand for efficient and experienced and knowledgeable professionals who have the abilities to write well. The Writing for the Health Professional introductory course allows students to understand, establish, flourish, expand, and apply writing techniques and processes that are proper, systematic and authentic, definite, accountable and hearers suitable.

The following major topical units are presented in the course of Writing for the Health Professional:

1250.01 Effective Writing Skills Guidelines for the Writing Process, Writing Style, and Computer Writing. 1250.02 Noun Types, Nouns Functions and Characteristics, and Writing the Medical Letter. 1250.03 Pronouns Types, Office Memorandum Writing Techniques, and Writing Effective Electronic Mail. 1250.04 Verbs Types and Parts, and Medical Records and Reports Writing. 1250.05 Sentences Structures, Classifications and Components, and Documenting and Charting Health Records. 1250.06 The Right Use of Punctuations When Writing Medical Reports. 1250.07 The Right Use of Adjectives in the Following Medical Reports: Radiological, Pathological, Discharge, and Operative. 1250.08 The Right Use of Adverbs in the Medical Office Written Communications Such as: Facsimile, Phone Messages, and Meeting Minutes 1250.09 Introduction to Propositions and Conjunctions and their use in Research, Manuscripts, and Grants Writing. 1250.10 Introduction to Phrases, Clauses, and Promotional Writing. 1250.11 Introduction to Paragraphs Types, Structures, Organizations, and Unity While Avoiding Plagiarism.

1 Credits/Modes of Instruction

This is a 3-credit undergraduate course in lecture format that relies on regular activities, class discussions, assignments, and completion of weekly topics.

Prerequisites Successful high school completion of the Dynamics of Health Care in Society and at least one other Rutgers Health Science Careers Health Science Careers courses for College credit.

Instructor The instructor will be a Rutgers-SHRP faculty (or adjunct) member.

Course Goals and Objectives:

Goals The goal of this course is to build a foundation for written communication in health professions with an emphasis on development of clear and accurate writing techniques.

List of Goals The goals of this course are not limited to the followings, but to more essential and ramification goals that might arise during the course of study:

Finalize all summative assessments within the course designated days. Form group discussions. Complete, discuss, explain and elaborate on all Unit(s)/Chapter(s) assignments. Make sure all or most students complete and pass units/chapters quizzes and tests Discuss and generate comprehensive Patient Education Handout as class projects. Explain and accomplish a research project – Informative Review Paper by all students. Answer all or most arising critical thinking questions. Completely answer to Unit(s)/Chapter(s) exercises questions. Read and complete all units/chapters handouts Write and explain unit(s)/chapter(s) Healthcare Paper. Understand the processes of writing methods, write your own paper, and avoid Plagiarism.

2 Objectives After completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Define the “Writing Process” and discuss how it can be applied to various forms of written communication in the healthcare setting. 2. Utilize grammar rules regarding parts of speech and sentence structure appropriately. 3. Determine when and what types of punctuation marks to use in writing. 4. Recognize, define, and accurately spell various medical terms. 5. Describe the function of the medical record and discuss the impact of JCAHO standards and HIPAA guidelines on documentation. 6. Apply writing and grammar skills to “real world” medical communications ranging from constructing a simple medical office letter to developing a research review paper. 7. Compose an Informative Research Review Paper. 8. Utilize components of the writing process to develop a Career Goals in Healthcare Paper. 9. Define health literacy and apply these concepts in the development of a patient education handout. 10. Determine strategies for appropriately citing references and avoiding plagiarism.

Course Requirements Requirements for Completion Attendance is required to keep up with the information presented in class. Students will be expected to participate in classroom discussions and group activities. Each course unit will include readings, assignments, and a short quiz. In addition, successful completion the course projects will be required. There will be a cumulative final exam based on class content and assigned readings.

Requirements Weight

Attendance/Participation/Group Discussion 10%

Unit Assignments 15%

Unit Quizzes 15%

Patient Education Handout Project 10%

3 Research Project – Informative Review Paper 15%

Career Goals in Healthcare Paper 15%

Final Examination 20%

Total 100%

Evaluation, Feedback and Grading Evaluation/Assessment Methods  Attendance/Participation/Group Discussion – Students are expected to attend all classes and participate in classroom discussions and group activities.  Unit Assignments – Each unit will have specific assignments geared to meet unit objectives. These assignments can be completed as homework or in class, as time permits.  Unit Quizzes – Students will be required to take a short quiz at the completion of each unit. Content will be based on lectures, readings, and classroom discussions/activities.  Course Projects – There will be three major projects due throughout the course. The objectives of these projects are to enable students to apply the learned writing techniques in the development of various types of written documents seen in the healthcare setting.  Final Examination – Successful completion of a cumulative final exam at the end of the course is required.

Feedback on Progress Students will receive feedback on their performance on a regular basis. Quantitative and qualitative feedback will be provided for all assignments, quizzes/tests, and projects.

Grade Determination The minimum level of satisfactory performance in this course is a ‘C’ or better. To receive a ‘C’ or better, students must first complete ALL course requirements specified above, including meeting the minimum attendance expectation. Based on the evaluations methods and criteria previously described, each requirement is then scored on a 0-100 point scale. The final letter grade is based on the weighted average of all requirements, as specified in the table below.

Upon successful completion of the course students will be eligible to take the Health Science Careers standardized exam to determine college credit. High school students must attain a C (74) or better to earn college credits.

4 For Writing for the Health Professional, the Rutgers School of Health Related Professionals grade listed on transcript will be comprised of 50% of the Rutgers SHRP standardized exam grade and 50% of the high school course grade.

Health Science Careers Program Grading System

Weighted Final Average of All Letter Requirements Grade

94-100 A

90-93 A-

87-89 B+

84-86 B

80-83 B-

77-79 C+

74-76 C

5 Unsatisfactory Performance/Progress

Unsatisfactory performance which may include late assignments and/or attendance or progress problems will be discussed individually on an as needed basis.

Faculty/Student Honor Code

(Refer to your SHRP Student Handbook at http://shrp.umdnj.edu/current_students/handbook.pdf)

The faculty of Rutgers-School of Health Related Professions believe that students must observe and support high standards of honesty and integrity in all aspects of education, practice, and research. For this reason, all matriculated and non-matriculated students in this course are expected to abide by the School's Faculty/Student Honor Code and accept responsibility to help ensure that these standards are maintained by reporting violations of the Honor Code observed in others. All violations will be considered with gravest concern and may be punishable with sanctions as severe as suspension or dismissal.

General Learning Resources Required Textbook(s): Villemaire, D., Villemaire, L. Grammar and Writing Skills for the Health Professional, 2nd Edition. NY: Delmar Cengage Learning. 2005. (ISBN: 140187374X)

Urdang, L. The Bantam Medical Dictionary. NY, NY: Market House Books. 2009. (ISBN: 0553592262)

Ann Ehrlich, Carol L. Schroeder Medical Terminology for Health Professions, 7th Edition. NY, NY: Delamar Thomson Learning. 2012. (ISBN:1- 111-54328-3)

Software accompanying the above textbooks if available.

Other Required Learning Resources:

Additional Links:

6 Other various website links will be provided in the Learning Resources section for each unit in the Course Schedule. Students are required to access these websites for completion of assigned readings and activities

New Jersey Core Curriculum Content Standards (CCCS) are referenced and available at these links: http://www.state.nj.us/education/cccs/2014/career/CareerReadyPractices.pdf Career Readiness http://www.state.nj.us/education/cccs/2014/career/91.pdf Personal Financial Literacy http://www.state.nj.us/education/cccs/2014/career/92.pdf Career Awareness, Exploration, and Preparation http://www.state.nj.us/education/cccs/2014/career/93.pdf Career and Technical Education http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy English Language Arts Standards http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/CCRA/R/ English Language Arts Standards>>Anchor Standard>>College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/CCRA/W/ English Language Arts Standards>>Anchor Standard>>College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Writing http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/CCRA/SL/ English Language Arts Standards>>Anchor Standard>>College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Speaking and Listening http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/CCRA/L/ English Language Arts Standards>>Anchor Standard>>College and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Language http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RI/introduction-for-6-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Reading: Foundational Skills>>Introduction for K-5 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RF/introduction/ English Language Arts Standards>>Reading: Informational Text>>Introduction for 6- 12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/W/introduction-for-6-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Writing>>Introduction for 6-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/SL/introduction-for-6-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Speaking & Listening>>Introduction for 6-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/L/introduction-for-6-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Language>>Introduction for 6-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/L/Language-progressive-skills/ English Language Arts Standards>>Language>>Language Progressive Skills http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/W/11-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Writing>>Introduction for 11-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/L/11-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Language>>Introduction for 11-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RST/11-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Science & Technical Subjects>>Introduction for 11-12 http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/SL/11-12/ English Language Arts Standards>>Speaking & Listening>>Introduction for 11-12

7 .

Course Units/Schedule Note: this schedule is a plan only, subject to change by the instructor as deemed necessary to achieve the course goals. Whenever possible, you will be notified in advance of any changes, especially those affecting course requirements or grading.

Unit/ Topical Outline Learning Resources Activities/Assignments NJCCCS Begin Date

Unit 1 Unit 1A Title: Read: Complete the following Range of Writing Chapter 1 Write routinely over extended Activities: time frames for a range of Name of Chapter 1 Text Chapter 1 discipline-specific tasks, Guideline for Effective Writing Skills Visit the following website link  All Practice Activities purposes, and audiences. (Practice 1-1 to 1-3) CCSS.ELA- 1:1 The Writing Process and review the content: LITERACY.W.6.10. 1:1A Step One: Prewriting  The Writing Process –  Medical Spelling (pg. 10) – 1:1B Step Two: Writing Maintain consistency in style Purdue Online Writing Lab: define all of the words and tone. 1:1C Step Three: Rewriting http://owl.english.purdue.ed L.6.3b. 1:1D Step Four: Finalizing  Skills Review (pg. 11-12) u/owl/section/1/1/ Choose language that expresses 8 1:1E Step Five: Proofreading Medical Dictionary ideas precisely and concisely,  Comprehensive Review recognizing and eliminating (pg. 12- 13) wordiness and redundancy.  Discuss The Writing Process L.7.3a. Complete Unit Quiz/Test 1 Explain and perform Step One:  Vary sentence patterns for Prewriting meaning, reader/listener interest, and style.  Explain and perform Step Two: L.6.3a. Writing Produce clear and coherent  Explain and perform Step writing style appropriate to task. Three: Rewriting CCSS.ELA- Literacy.CCRA.W.1 –  Explain and perform Step Four: CCSS.ELA- Literacy.CCRA.W.8 Finalizing  Explain and perform Step Five: Proofreading

Unit 1B Title: Chapter 1 1:2 Writing Style 1:3 Computer Writing 1:4 Medical Spelling 1:5 Guidelines for Effective Writing Summary 1:6 Skills Review 1:7 comprehensive Review

 Understand writing styles.  Explore computer writing.  Spell medical terms correctly.  Summarize and explain effective writing guidelines.  Review and discuss chapter’s skills.  Summarize and understand the 9 chapter comprehensive review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 1 & Objectives Summary:

The Writing Process  Identify and implement the five stages of the writing process.  Determine how the writing process can be applied to various forms of written communication in the healthcare setting.  Identify the criteria of good writing style.  Utilize the Writing Process to develop the initial draft of the Career Goals in Healthcare Paper.

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10 Unit 2 Unit 2A Title: Read: Explain the function of nouns, Complete the following pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and Chapter 2 Text Chapter 2 Activities: adverbs. Name of Chapter 2 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1 - Nouns Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.5 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.2.f. 2:1 Noun Types (Practice 2-1 to 2-14) 2:1A Proper and Common Nouns  Medical Spelling (pg. 32) – Nouns that show ideas, feelings, 2:1B Collective Nouns and beliefs. define all of the medical nouns L.8.1a, L.7.1a, L.3.1c, L.3.1f, 2:1C Concrete Nouns L.3.1g. 2:1D Abstract Nouns  Skills Review (pg. 46-49) Career & Technical Education  Comprehensive Review (CTE) Content Area:  Identify different types of (pg. 49-50) 21st Century Life and Careers nouns. Complete Unit Quiz/Test 2 DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES  Understand proper and

common nouns. (HL‐DIA)  Use collective nouns correctly.  Explain concrete nouns.  Discuss Abstract nouns. 9.3.HL‐DIA.1 to 9.3.HL‐DIA.5

Unit 2B Title: Chapter 2 HEALTH INFORMATICS 2:2 Nouns Characteristics and Functions (HL‐HI) 2:2A Gender 2:2B Number 2:2B1 Forming Plurals in General 9.3.HL‐HI.1 to 9.3.HL‐HI.3 2:2B2 Forming Medical Terms Plurals 2:2C Nouns Functions THERAPEUTIC SERVICES 2:2C1 Nominative Case: Subject 2:2C2 Nominative Case: Predicate (HL‐THR) Noun 2:2C3 Objective Case

2:2C4 Possessive Case 9.3.HL‐THR.1 to 9.3.HL‐THR.4 2:2C5 Appositives and Direct Address 11 2:2C6 Nouns Functioning as Phrases or Clauses

 List and describe nouns characteristics and functions  Discuss nouns gender.  Discuss nouns number.  Explain the general forming plurals.  Explain the medical terms plurals.  Discuss nouns functions nominative case: subject.  Explore nouns functions nominative case: predicate noun.  Differentiate between nouns functions objective and possessive cases.  Discuss nouns functions appositives and direct address.  Explain nouns functioning as phrases or clauses.

Unit 2C Title: Chapter 2 2:3 Nouns Summary 2:4 Medical Terms Spelling 2:5 Medical Office Correspondence

 Explain chapter 2 nouns summary. 12  Discuss medical terms.  Explore medical office correspondence

Unit 2D Title: Chapter 2 2:6 The Medical Letter 2:6A Letter Components 2:6A1 Heading 2:6A2 Inside Address 2:6A3 Salutation 2:6A4 Body 2:6A5 Closing and Signature 2:6A6 Other Notations 2:6B Formats and Presentation 2:6C Folding the Letter 2:6C1 Business Envelope (9 ½ by 4 3/16 inches) 2:6C2 Use the Envelope to Get the Folds Right 2:6C3 Smaller Envelopes 2:6C4 Envelopes with Windows 2:6D Addressing the Envelope 2:7 Medical Office Correspondence Summary 2:8 Comprehensive Review

 Discuss the Medical Letter  Know the Letter Components: Heading, Inside Address, Salutation, Body, Closing and Signature, and Other Notations.  Understand Formats and

13 Presentation.  Perform Folding the Letter.  Utilize Business Envelope (9 ½ by 4 3/16 inches).  How to use the Envelope to Get the Folds Right.  Use Smaller Envelopes.  Use Envelopes with Windows.  How to Address the Envelope  Discuss Medical Office Correspondence Summary.  Explain Comprehensive chapter Review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 2 & Objectives Summary:

Nouns and Writing the Medical Letter  Identify and appropriately use the proper forms of nouns in writing.  Define and spell various medical nouns. Describe the basic components of a medical letter and discuss appropriate format and presentation.

14 Unit 3 Unit 3A Title: Read: Explain the function of nouns, Complete the following pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and Chapter 3 Text Chapter 3 Activities: adverbs. Name of Chapter 3 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1 - Pronouns Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.5 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.2.f. 3:1 Pronouns Types (Practice 3-1 to 3-11) 3:1A Personal Pronouns  Medical Spelling (pg. 64) – Pronouns in proper case (subjective, objective, 3:1A1 Gender define all of the medical terms possessive) and related to 3:1A2 Number and Person number and person. 3:1A3 Nominative Case  Skills Review (pg. 70-72) CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.1 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.2 - 3:1A4 Objective Case  Comprehensive Review CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.3 3:1A5 Progressive Case (pg. 72-73) Pronoun-antecedent agreement Complete Unit Quiz/Test 3  List and describe Pronouns L.3.a Types. Reflexive pronouns  Explain Personal Pronouns. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1.d 15  Discuss Gender. Relative pronouns  Identify Number and Person. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.1.b  Describe Nominative Case. Ensure subject-verb and  Discuss Objective Case. pronoun-antecedent agreement  Explain Progressive Case. L.3.1f. Recognize and correct inappropriate shifts in pronoun Unit 3B Title: number and person Chapter 3 L.6.1c.

3:1 Pronouns Types Recognize and correct vague 3:1B Reflexive Pronouns pronouns (i.,e., ones with unclear or ambiguous 3:1C Relative Pronouns antecedents). 3:1D Indefinite Pronouns L.6.1d 3:1E Interrogative pronouns 3:1F Demonstrative Pronouns Career & Technical Education 3:2 Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement (CTE) Content Area: 3:2A Number 21st Century Life and Careers 3:2B Gender HEALTH SCIENCE (HL) 3:2C Person HEALTH SCIENCE (HL) 9.3.HL.1 to 9.3.HL.6

 List and identify Pronouns DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES Types. (HL‐DIA)  Describe Reflexive Pronouns.  Explain Relative Pronouns.

 Discuss Indefinite Pronouns. 9.3.HL‐DIA.1 to 9.3.HL‐DIA.5  Explain Interrogative pronouns.  Define Demonstrative Pronouns. HEALTH INFORMATICS

 Explain and discuss Pronoun- (HL‐HI) Antecedent Agreement related to:

 Number 9.3.HL‐HI.1 to 9.3.HL‐HI.3  Gender

16  Person THERAPEUTIC SERVICES Unit 3C Title: (HL‐THR) Chapter 3 3:3 Pronoun Summary 3:4 Medical Spelling 3:5 The office Memorandum 9.3.HL‐THR.1 to 9.3.HL‐THR.4 3:5A Structure of a Memo 3:5B Writing the Memo

 Discuss Pronouns Summary.  Identify Medical Spelling.  Explain the Office Memorandum.  Discuss Memorandum Structure.  Perform Memorandum Writing.

Unit 3D Title: Chapter 3 3:6 Electronic Mail 3:6A E-Mail Guidelines 3:7 Office Memorandum and Electronic Mail Summary 3:8 Comprehensive Review

 Discuss Electronic Mail.  Explain E-Mail Guidelines.  Discuss Office Memorandum and Electronic Mail Summary.  Explore Comprehensive Chapter Review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all

17 key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 3 & Objectives Summary:

Pronouns and Proper Writing Techniques for Office Memos and Email  Identify and appropriately use pronouns in writing.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Design a concise, clear, and direct office memorandum.  Discuss guidelines for developing an appropriate email message.

Unit 4 Unit 4A Title: Explain the function of nouns, Complete the following pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and Chapter 4 Read: Activities: adverbs. Name of Chapter 4 Text Chapter 4 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1 - Verbs  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.5 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.2.f. 4:1 Types of Verbs Visit the following website link (Practice 4-1 to 4-15) and review the content: 4:1A Action Verbs  Medical Spelling (pg. 93- Past tense and irregular verbs. 4:1A1 Being Verbs CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1. –  Summary of the HIPAA 94) – define all of the medical CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1.b – 4:1A2 Main Verbs and Helping Privacy Rule – U.S. terms CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1.c. Verbs Department of Health and 4:1A2a Common Helping Verbs  Skills Review (pg. 99-101) Verbs in the active and passive Human Services: voice. 4:1A3 Linking Verbs http://www.hhs.gov/ocr/priv  Comprehensive Review CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.8.1.c – 4:1A3a Common Linking Verbs acy/hipaa/understanding/sum (pg. 101-102) 4:1A4 Transitive and Intransitive mary/index.html Verb tenses. Verbs CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.1.c 4:1A5 Gerunds  Medical Dictionary 4:1A6 Infinitives Recognize and correct Complete Unit 4 Quiz inappropriate shifts in verb tense L.5.1d. 18  Identify Types of Verbs. Recognize and correct  Differentiate between Action inappropriate shifts in verb Verbs, Being Verbs, Main voice and mood. L.8.1d. Verbs and Helping Verbs, Common Helping Verbs, and Career & Technical Education (CTE) Content Area: Linking Verbs. 21st Century Life and Careers  Describe Common Linking HEALTH INFORMATICS Verbs.

 Explain Transitive and (HL‐HI) Intransitive Verbs.  Discuss Gerunds and Infinitives 9.3.HL‐HI.1 to 9.3.HL‐HI.3 Unit 4B Title: Chapter 4 4:1 Types of Verbs 4:1B Person of a Verb 4:1C Number of a Verb 4:1D Verb Tenses 4:1D1 Present Tense 4:1D2 Past Tense 4:1D3 Future Tense 4:1E Principal Parts of Verbs 4:1E1 Regular Verbs 4:1E2 Irregular Verbs 4:1E3 Confusing and Troublesome Verbs 4:1E3a Lie and Lay 4:1E3b Rise and Raise 4:1Ec Man and Can

 Identify Types of Verbs.  Differentiate between Action Verbs, Being Verbs, Main

19 Verbs and Helping Verbs, Common Helping Verbs, and Linking Verbs.  Describe Common Linking Verbs.  Explain Transitive and Intransitive Verbs.  Discuss Gerunds and Infinitives

Unit 4C Title: Chapter 4 4:2 Use of Verb Tenses in Sentences 4:3 Voices of Verbs 4:3A Active and Passive Verbs 4:3B Identifying the Passive Voice 4:4 Moods of Verbs 4:5 Verbs Summary 4:5A Verb Tenses 5:5B Principal Parts of Speech 4:5C Regular 4:5D Irregular 4:5E Voices of Verbs 4:5F Moods of Verbs

 Utilize the Use of Verb Tenses in Sentences.  Identify Voices of Verbs.  Differentiate between Active and Passive Verbs.  Identify the Passive Voice.  Explain Moods of Verbs.  Discuss Verbs Summary.  Explain Verb Tenses.  Discuss Principal Parts of 20 Speech: regular, irregular, voices of verbs, and Moods of Verbs.

Unit 4D Title: Chapter 4 4:6 Medical Spelling 4:7 The Medical Record 4:8 The Language of the Medical Record 4:9 The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) 4:10 Comprehensive Review

 Identify Medical Spelling.  Define The Medical Record.  Explain The Language of the Medical Record.  Discuss The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA).  Explain Comprehensive chapter Review .  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms. Chapter 4 & Objectives Summary:

Verbs and The Medical Record  Identify and appropriately use the various forms of verbs in writing.

21  Accurately spell and define various medical verbs.  Describe the purpose of the medical record.  Identify the essential components of charting data in the medical record.  Discuss the importance of meeting JCAHO standards and adhering to HIPAA guidelines when charting in the medical record.

Unit 5 Unit 5A Title: Read: Complete the following Simple, compound, and Chapter 5 complex sentences. Text Chapter 5 Activities: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1. i Name of Chapter 5 Sentences Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities 5:1 Components of Sentences (Practice 5-1 to 5-11) Produce complete sentences, recognizing and correcting 5:2 Sentence Structure  Medical Spelling (pg. 120- inappropriate fragments and 5:2A Simple Sentences 121) – define all of the medical run-ons. L.3.3a. 5:2B Compound Sentences terms 5:2C Complex Sentences  Skills Review (pg. 128-130) Choose punctuation for effect. 5:2D Compound-Complex Sentences L.4.3b. Comprehensive Review (pg. 131) Recognize and correct  Define Components of inappropriate shifts in verb Sentences. tense. L.5.1d.  Explain Sentence Structure. Complete Unit 5 Quiz/Test  Discuss Simple Sentences. Use punctuation to separate items in a series.  Define Compound Sentences. L.5.2a.  Discuss Complex Sentences Recognize and correct Compound-Complex inappropriate shifts in verb voice and mood. Sentences. L.8.1d

Unit 5B Title: Use parallel structure. Chapter 5 L.9-10.1a. 5:3 Classifications of Sentences 22 5:3A Declarative Sentences 5:3B Imperative Sentences 5:3C Interrogative Sentences  Discuss Classifications of Sentences.  Explain Declarative Sentences.  Discuss Imperative Sentences.  Discuss Interrogative Sentences

Unit 5C Title: Chapter 5 5:3 Classifications of Sentences 5:3D Exclamatory Sentences 5:3D1 Ineffective Sentences 5:3D1a The Fragmented Sentence 5:3D1b The Comma Splice 5:3D1c The Run-on Sentence 5:3D2 Effective Sentences 5:3D2a Parallel Structure 5:3D2b Conciseness 5:3D2c Diction 5:3D2d Positive Statements 5:3D3 Sentence Summary 5:3D3a Classifications of Sentences

 Explain Exclamatory Sentences.  Discuss Ineffective Sentences.  Explain The Fragmented Sentence.  Define The Comma Splice.  Explain The Run-on Sentence.

23  Discuss Effective Sentences.  Define Parallel Structure.  Define Conciseness.  Define Diction.  Explain Positive Statements.  Discuss Sentence Summary.  Explain Classifications of Sentences.

Unit 5D Title: Chapter 5 5:4 Medical Spelling 5:5 Charting and Documenting 5:5A Traditional or Narrative Charting 5:5B SOAP 5:5C SOAPE 5:5D SOAPIE 5:5E SOAPIER 5:5F PIE 5:6 Charting and Documenting Summary 5:7 Comprehensive Review

 Define Medical Spelling.  Discuss Charting and Documenting.  Explain the Difference Between Traditional or Narrative Charting  Define and Explain SOAP.  Define and Explain SOAPE.  Define and Explain SOAPIE.

24  Define and Explain SOAPIER.  Define and Explain PIE.  Understand Charting and Documenting Summary.  Understand Comprehensive Chapter Review  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 5 & Objectives Summary:

Sentences and Documentation in the Medical Record  Identify basic types of sentence structures.  Describe common causes of poorly constructed sentences.  Discuss some of the key elements of good sentence structure.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Recognize different forms of charting in the medical record.

Unit 6 Unit 6A Title: Read: Complete the following Punctuation and spelling when Chapter 6 writing. Text Chapter 6 Activities: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.1 – Name of Chapter 6 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.2 – Punctuation Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.3 (Practice 6-1 to 6-5) 6:1 Punctuation Choose punctuation for effect. 6:1A The Period  Medical Spelling (pg. 148) L.4.3b. 6:1A1 Other Uses for the Period – define all of the medical 25 6:1B The Question Mark terms Use punctuation to separate 6:1C The Exclamation Point items in a series. L.5.2a. 6:2 The Comma  Skills Review (pg. 152-153) 6:3 The Semicolon  Comprehensive Review Use punctuation (commas, parentheses, dashes) to set off 6:4 The Colon (pg. 154) nonrestrictive/parenthetical 6:5 Parentheses elements. 6:6 The Dash L.6.2a – L.6.2.b Complete Unit 6 Quiz/Test CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.2.a. – 6:7 The Hyphen CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.6.2.b. – 6:8 The Apostrophe 6:9 Italic 6:10 Quotation Marks Career & Technical Education (CTE) Content Area: 21st Century Life and Careers  Define Punctuation.  Define the Period and its use in DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES

the sentence. (HL‐DIA)  Explain Other Uses for the Period.

 Define the Question Mark and 9.3.HL‐DIA.1 to 9.3.HL‐DIA.5 its use in the sentence.  Define the Exclamation Point and its use in the sentence. THERAPEUTIC SERVICES

 Define the Comma and its use (HL‐THR) in the sentence.  Define the Semicolon and its

use in the sentence. 9.3.HL‐THR.1 to 9.3.HL‐THR.4  Define the Colon and its use in the sentence.  Define Parentheses and their use in the sentence.  Define the Dash and its use.  Define the Hyphen and its use.  Define the Apostrophe and its use.

26  Define Italic.  Define Quotation Marks and their use in the sentence.

Unit 6B Title: Chapter 6 6:11 Punctuation Summary 6:12 Medical Spelling 6:13 History and Physical Reports 6:14 Consultation Report 6:15 Medical Reports Summary 6:16 Skills Review 6:17 Comprehensive Review

 Explain Punctuation Summary.  Identify Medical Spelling.  Explain History and Physical Reports.  Discuss Consultation Report.  Explain Medical Reports Summary.  Perform Skills Review.  Explain Comprehensive chapter Review.

Chapter 6 & Objectives Summary:

Punctuation and Medical Reports  Recognize when and what types of punctuation marks to use in writing.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.

27  Describe the purpose and components of a History & Physical Report (H&P) and a Consultation Report.

Unit 7 Unit 7A Title: Read: Explain the function of nouns, Complete the following pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and Chapter 7 Text Chapter 7 Activities: adverbs. Name of Chapter 7 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1 - Adjectives Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.5 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.2.f. 7:1 Types of Adjectives (Practice 7-1 to 7-6) 7:1A Limiting Adjectives  Medical Spelling (pg. 168- Adjectives within sentences according to conventional 7:1A1 A and AN 169) – define all of the medical patterns. 7:1A2 Singular and Plural terms CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.1 – 7:1B Interrogative and Proper CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.2 – CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4.3 Adjectives  Skills Review (pg. 174-177) 7:1C Predicate and Compound  Comprehensive Review Adjectives (pg. 177) Adjectives and adverbs. 7:1D Descriptive Adjectives CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1. – Complete Unit 7 Quiz/Test CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1.b – CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1. c  Identify Types of Adjectives. Combine sentences with  Know Limiting Adjectives. compound predicates to make their writing less wordy.  Differentiate between A and L.4.1a, L.4.1e, L.4.1f, L.3.1i, AN. L.4.2c, L.3.3a, L.5.3a, L.4.3a

 Understand Singular and Plural. Descriptive adjectives.  Explain Interrogative and L.4.1a, L.4.1e, L.4.1f, L.3.1i, L.4.2c, L.3.3a Proper Adjectives.  Discuss Predicate and Irregular forms of comparative and superlative adjectives and Compound Adjectives. adverbs. L.8.1a, L.7.1a, L.3.1c, L.3.1f,  Describe Descriptive L.3.1g Adjectives.

Career & Technical Education Unit 7B Title: (CTE) Content Area: Chapter 7 21st Century Life and Careers 7:2 Placement of Adjectives DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES 28 7:3 Modifiers and Placement 7:4 Degree of Adjectives to Express (HL‐DIA) Comparison 7:4A Positive 7:4B Comparative 7:4C Superlative 9.3.HL‐DIA.1 to 9.3.HL‐DIA.5 7:4D Other Comparisons

THERAPEUTIC SERVICES  Describe Placement of

Adjectives. (HL‐THR)  Discuss Modifiers and Placement.  Explain the Degree of 9.3.HL‐THR.1 to 9.3.HL‐THR.4 Adjectives to Express Comparison.  Define Positive.  Define Comparative.  Define Superlative.

Unit 7C Title: Chapter 7 7:5 Troublesome Adjectives 7:6 Eponyms 7:7 Adjective Summary 7:8 Degrees Comparison Summary

 Discuss Troublesome Adjectives.  Define Eponyms.  Explain Adjective Summary.  Discuss the Degrees Comparison Summary.

29 Unit 7D Title: Chapter 7 7:9 Medical Spelling 7:10 Radiology Report 7:11 Pathology Report 7:12 Discharge Summary 7:13 Operative Report 7:14 Medical Reports Summary 7:15Comprehensive Review

 Identify Medical Spelling.  Understand Radiology Report.  Explain Pathology Report.  Define Discharge Summary.  Explain Operative Report.  Discuss Medical Reports Summary.  Discuss. Comprehensive chapter Review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 7 & Objectives Summary:

Adjectives and Medical Reports  Recognize various types of adjectives and apply rules of proper placement.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Define an eponym and be

30 aware of the rules related to its proper spelling and capitalization.  Describe the purpose and components of the following medical reports: radiology, pathology, discharge summary, and operative.

Unit 8 Unit 8A Title: Read: Explain the function of nouns, Complete the following pronouns, verbs, adjectives, and Chapter 8 Text Chapter 8 Activities: adverbs. Name of Chapter 8 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.1 - Adverbs Medical Dictionary  All Practice Activities CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.5 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.3.2.f. 8:1 Recognizing Adverbs (Practice 8-1 to 8-7) 8:2 Adverbs as Modifiers  Medical Spelling (pg. 187) Adjectives and adverbs. 8:3 Frequency Adverbs CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1. – – define all of the medical CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1.b – terms CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.2.1. c  Recognize Adverbs.  Skills Review (pg. 192-193) Irregular forms of comparative  Explain Adverbs as Modifiers. and superlative adjectives and  Comprehensive Review adverbs.  Discuss Frequency Adverbs. (pg. 193-194) L.8.1a, L.7.1a, L.3.1c, L.3.1f, L.3.1g. Unit 8B Title: Complete Unit 8 Quiz/Test Chapter 8 Career & Technical Education 8:4 Degrees of Adverbs to Express (CTE) Content Area: Comparison 21st Century Life and Careers 8:4A Positive HEALTH SCIENCE (HL) HEALTH SCIENCE (HL) 8:4B Comparative 9.3.HL.1 to 9.3.HL.6 8:4C Superlative 8:4D Other Comparisons HEALTH INFORMATICS

 Describe the Degrees of (HL‐HI) Adverbs to Express Comparison. 9.3.HL‐HI.1 to 9.3.HL‐HI.3  Explain Positive.  Explain Comparative.

31  Define Superlative.  Discuss Other Comparisons.

Unit 8C Title: Chapter 8 8:5 Changing Adjectives into Adverbs 8:6 Negative Adverbs 8:6A Not as a Contraction 8:6B Double Negatives 8:7 Placement of Adverbs 8:8 Troublesome Adverbs 8:9 Adverbs Summary

 Discuss Changing Adjectives into Adverbs.  Explain Negative Adverbs.  Discuss Not as a Contraction.  Explain Double Negatives.  Discuss Placement of Adverbs.  Define Troublesome Adverbs.  Discuss Adverbs Summary.

Unit 8D Title: Chapter 8 8:10 Medical Spelling 8:11 Facsimile 8:12 Phone Messages 8:13 Minutes of a Meeting 8:14 Facsimile, Phone Message, and Minutes of a Meeting Summary 8:15 Comprehensive Review

 Identify Medical Spelling.  Perform Facsimile. 32  Place Phone Messages.  Take Minutes of a Meeting.  Discuss and write Facsimile, Phone Message, and Minutes of a Meeting Summary.  Explain Comprehensive chapter Review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 8 & Objectives Summary:

Adverbs and Medical Office Written Communications  Recognize and use adverbs effectively with special attention to proper placement.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Describe appropriate format and writing style for common written communications in the medical office setting: facsimiles, phone messages, and meeting minutes.

Unit 9 Unit 9A Title: Read: Complete the following The functions of prepositions Chapter 9 and conjunctions. Text Chapter 9 Activities: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.5.1.a - Name of Chapter 9 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.5.1.b. Prepositions and Conjunctions Visit the following website link  All Practice Activities 9:1 Prepositions and review the content: (Practice 9-1 to 9-9) Use of frequently occurring 33 9:1A Compound Prepositions prepositions and conjunctions.  APA Documentation –  Medical Spelling (pg. 206) CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.4. 9:1A1 Prepositional Noun/Pronoun The Writing Center at the – define all of the medical Modifiers University of Wisconsin – terms 9:1A2 Prepositional Verb Modifiers Madison: Utilize accounting tools, 9:1B Prepositions Phrases  Skills Review (pg. 218-220) strategies and systems to plan, http://writing.wisc.edu/Hand monitor, manage and maintain 9:1C Problematic Prepositions book/DocAPA.html  Comprehensive Review the use of financial resources. 9:1D Prepositions at the End of a (pg. 220-221) 9.3.12.FN-ACT.2 Sentence Career & Technical Education Medical Dictionary Complete Unit 9 Quiz/Test (CTE) Content Area:  Define Prepositions. 21st Century Life and Careers  Explain Compound BIOTECHNOLOGY Prepositions. RESEARCH &  Discuss Prepositional DEVELOPMENT (HL BRD) Noun/Pronoun Modifiers. ‐  Explain Prepositional Verb Modifiers. 9.3.HL‐BRD.1 to 9.3.HL‐  Identify Prepositions Phrases.  Define Problematic BRD.6 Prepositions.  Explain Prepositions at the End of a Sentence.

Unit 9B Title: Chapter 9 9:2 Conjunctions 9:2A Coordinating Conjunctions 9:2B Correlative Conjunctions 9:2C Subordinating Conjunctions 9:3 Prepositions and Conjunctions Summary 9:4 Summary of the Parts of Speech

 Define Conjunctions.  Explain Coordinating

34 Conjunctions.  Discuss Correlative Conjunctions.  Define Subordinating Conjunctions.  Discuss Prepositions and Conjunctions Summary.  Explain Speech Parts Summary.

Unit 9C Title: Chapter 9 9:5 Medical Spelling 9:6 Research, Manuscripts, Grants 9:7 Research 9:8 Manuscripts 9:8A General Format Guidelines 9:8B APA Writing Style 9:8B1 Title Page 9:8B2 Abstract Page 9:8B3 Text Page 9:8B4 Reference Page 9:8B5 Citations

 Identify Medical Spelling.  Define and explain Research, Manuscripts, and Grants.  Discuss Research.  Explain Manuscripts.  Define General Format Guidelines.  Explain Writing Style.  Explain Title Page. 35  Discuss Abstract Page.  Explain Text Page.  Explore Reference Page.  Explain Citations.

Unit 9D Title: Chapter 9 9:9 Grant Writing 9:9A Proposal Summary 9:9B Introduction 9:9C Problem Statement 9:9D Goals and Objectives 9:9E Methods 9:9F Evaluation 9:9G Future Funding 9:9H Budget 9:9I Appendix 9:10 Research, Manuscripts, Grants Summary 9:11 Comprehensive Summary

 Understand Grant Writing.  Discuss Proposal Summary.  Explain Introduction.  Define Problem Statement.  Explain the Goals and Objectives.  Discuss Methods.  Explain Evaluation.  Explore Future Funding.  Discuss Budget.  Explain Appendix.  Discuss Research, Manuscripts,

36 and Grants Summary.  Understand Comprehensive chapter Summary.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 9 & Objectives Summary:

Prepositions/Conjunctions and The Research Manuscript and Grant Proposal  Recognize appropriate use of prepositions and conjunctions.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Discuss common types of medical writing and describe their purpose and components including research manuscripts and grant proposals.  Describe and apply basic APA guidelines for writing style and reference citations.  Compose an Informative Research Review Paper.

Unit 10 Unit 10A Title: Read: Complete the following Words, phrases and clauses. Chapter 10 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.5.1 - Text Chapter 10 Activities: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.9.10.10 Name of Chapter 10 Phrases and Clauses Visit the following website links  All Practice Activities 10:1 Phrases and review the content: (Practice 10-1 to 10-8) Types of phrases (noun, verb, adjectival, adverbial, participial, 10:1A Propositional Phrases  Quick Guide to Health  Medical Spelling (pg. 232- prepositional, absolute) and 37 10:1A1 Prepositional Phrases Used clauses (independent, Literacy – U.S. Department 233) – define all of the medical dependent; noun, relative, As a Noun of Health and Human terms adverbial). 10:1A2 Prepositional Phrases Used Services: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.9-  Skills Review (pg. 238-240) 10.1.B. As an Adjectives http://www.health.gov/com 10:1A3 Propositional Phrases Used munication/literacy/quickgui Classroom Discussion: Why are As an Adverbs de/Quickguide.pdf the key differences between writing Choose words and phrases for for the healthcare professional, the effect. L.3.a.  Define Phrases.  Writing East to Read patient, or the general public? Materials – Center for  Explain Propositional Phrases. Choose words and phrases to Medicare Education: convey ideas precisely.  Identify Prepositional Phrases http://www.ihconline.org/Us L.4.3a. Used As a Noun. erDocs/Pages/WritingEasyT Complete Unit 10 Quiz/Test Place phrases and clauses within  Understand Prepositional oReadMaterials.pdf a sentence, recognizing and correcting misplaced and Phrases Used As an Adjectives. Medical Dictionary dangling modifiers.  Discuss Propositional Phrases L.7.1c. Used As an Adverbs. Career & Technical Education Unit 10B Title: (CTE) Content Area: Chapter 10 21st Century Life and Careers 10:1 Phrases HEALTH INFORMATICS 10:1B Verbal Phrases 10:1B1 Participial Phrase (HL‐HI) 10:1B2 Gerund Phrase 10:1B3 Infinitive Phrase 10:1C Appositive Phrase 9.3.HL‐HI.1 to 9.3.HL‐HI.3  Define Phrases.  Identify Verbal Phrases.  Explain Participial Phrase.  Discuss Gerund Phrase.  Explain Infinitive Phrase.  Define Appositive Phrase.

Unit 10C Title: Chapter 10

38 10:2 Clauses 10:2A Independent Clause 10:2B Dependent Clauses 10:3 Noun Clauses 10:3A Adjective Clause 10:3B Adverb Clause

 Define Clauses.  Explain Independent Clause.  Discuss Dependent Clauses.  Define Noun Clauses.  Identify Adjective Clause.  Understand Adverb Clause.

Unit 10D Title: Chapter 10 10:4 Phrases Summary 10:5 Clauses Summary 10:6 Medical Spelling 10:7 Promotional Writing 10:8 Comprehensive Review

 Explain Phrases Summary.  Discuss Clauses Summary.  Identify Medical Spelling.  Discuss Promotional Writing.  Understand Comprehensive chapter Review.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

39 Chapter 10 & Objectives Summary:

Phrases/Clauses and Promotional Writing  Recognize phrases and clauses and describe how they function within the structure of a sentence.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Describe promotional writing and its uses in healthcare.  Define health literacy and why this concept is important to consider in the development of patient education literature.  Develop a Patient Education Handout.

Unit 11 Unit 11A Title: Read: Recognize variations from Complete the following standard English in their won Chapter 11 Text Chapter 11 Activities: and others writing and speaking, Name of Chapter 11 and identify and use strategies to  Avoiding Plagiarism –  All Practice Activities improve expression in The Paragraph conventional language. 11:1 Types of Paragraphs Purdue Online Writing Lab: (Practice 11-1 to 11-5) L.6.1e. 11:1A Narrative Paragraph http://owl.english.purdue.ed  Medical Spelling (pg. 251- u/owl/resource/589/1/ Use narrative techniques, such 11:1B Descriptive Paragraph 252) – define all of the medical as dialogue, pacing, and 11:1C Expository Paragraph  Quoting and terms description, to develop 11:1D Persuasive Paragraph experiences, events, and/or Paraphrasing – The Writing  Skills Review (pg. 252-253) characters. Center at the University of CCSS.ELA-  Identify Types of Paragraphs. Wisconsin –Madison: LITERACY.W.6.3.C  Discuss Narrative Paragraph. http://writing.wisc.edu/Hand Overall meaning of a sentence book/QuotingSources.html Complete Unit 11 Quiz/Test or paragraph.  Describe Descriptive CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.7.4.a

Paragraph.  Medical Dictionary Avoiding plagiarism and  Explain Expository Paragraph. following a standard format for citation. 40  Define Persuasive Paragraph. CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.1 - CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.9-10.2

Unit 11B Title: CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.1 - Chapter 11 CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.2 – 11:2 Structure of a Paragraph CCSS.ELA-Literacy.W.7.3 11:2A Topic Sentence 11:2B Supporting Sentences 11:2C Concluding Sentence 11:2D Putting It All Together

 Explain the Structure of a Paragraph.  Discuss Topic Sentence.  Define Supporting Sentences.  Understand Concluding Sentence.  Explain Putting It All Together.  Define Persuasive Paragraph.

Unit 11C Title: Chapter 11 11:3 Paragraph Organization 11:3A Time Example 11:3B Location Example 11:3C Deduction Example 11:3D Induction Example 11:3E Cause and Effect Example 11:3F Comparison Example 11:3G Definition Example

 Organize Paragraph Organization.  Define Time Example.

41  Identify Location Example.  Explain Deduction Example.  Discuss Induction Example.  Explain Cause and Effect Example.  Define Comparison Example.  Define Definition Example.

Unit 11D Title: Chapter 11 11:4 Paragraph Unity 11:5 Paragraph Summary 11:6 Medical Spelling 11:7 Comprehensive Review 11:8 Defining and avoiding Plagiarism, and its consequences

 Explain Paragraph Unity.  Discuss Paragraph Summary.  Identify Medical Spelling.  Understand Comprehensive chapter Review.  Understand How to Avoid Plagiarism.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key medical terms.  Define, pronounce, and spell all key terms.

Chapter 11 & Objectives Summary:

Paragraphs and Avoiding Plagiarism

42  Recognize and write different types of paragraphs.  Describe the structure and development of a paragraph.  Accurately spell and define various medical terms.  Determine strategies for appropriately citing references and avoiding plagiarism.  Incorporate grammar, sentence structure, and paragraph rules into final draft of Careers Goals in Healthcare Paper.

43