Unit #6 Early 20Th Century (The Wars)

JOURNAL ENTRIES Unit #6 – Early 20th Century (the Wars)

Week #1 (Thurs., Fri) 1. To what extent and in what ways did nationalist tensions in the Balkans between 1870 and 1914 contribute to the outbreak of the First World War? (1998-4) 2. Discuss how this image (“Who Did This”) displays the emotions prior to the WWI. Include each character, & the woman up top.

Week #2 (Mon, Tues, Wed, Thurs) 3. Who/what caused WWI? Was it preventable? 4. What impact did the war have on society in Russia and France? Why did Russia and France HATE Germany so much? Why was USA not in agreement? 5. Why did so many die and get wounded in this war, more than any other war? What will the casualties and cost of the First World War mean to European society? 6. How was Lenin able to secure total power in Russia? What did he do with that power? 7. Compare and contrast the crisis in state authority that precipitated the French Revolution in 1789 and the February & October Revolutions in Russia in 1917. (2009b-6)

Week #3 (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thurs) 8. Historians speak of the rise of mass politics in the period from 1880 to 1914. Define this phenomenon and analyze its effects on European politics in this period. (2005-5) 9. Analyze the impact of the First World War on European culture and society in the interwar period (1919-1939). (2002-4) 10. Analyze the factors that contributed to the instability of the Weimer Republic in the period 1918- 1933. (2010) 11. Compare and contrast the efforts to ensure European collective security that were made by the victorious powers between 1815 and 1830 (after the Napoleonic Wars) with those made by the victorious powers between 1918 and 1933 (after the First World War). (1985-7)

Week #4 (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thurs) 12. Analyze the ways in which technology and mass culture contributed to the success of dictators in the 1920s and 1930s. (2004-3) 13. Why did Germany’s experiment with parliamentary democracy between 1919 and 1933 fail? (1982-5) 14. Compare and contrast the degree of success of treaties negotiated in Vienna (1814-1815) and Versailles (1919) in achieving European stability. (1999-7) 15. Analyze anti-Semitism in Europe from the Dreyfus affair in the 1890’s to 1939. (2006b-4)

Week #5 16. Compare and contrast the ways that 17th century absolute monarchs and 20th century dictators gained and maintained their power. (2004b-6) 17. Assess the extent to which the economic and political ideals of Karl Marx were realized in post- revolutionary Russia in the period from 1917 to 1939. (2005-6) 18. Compare and contrast the French Jacobins’ use of state power to achieve revolutionary goals during the Terror (1793-1794) and Stalin’s use of state power to achieve revolutionary goals in the Soviet Union during the period 1929-1939. (2001-7) PAST FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS

Unit #6 – ISSUES of WWI; EARLY 20 TH CENTURY 19. To what extent did the emancipation of Russian serfs and other reforms in the 19th century contribute to the modernization of Russia before the First World War? (1984-6) 20. Compare and contrast the roles of the peasantry and of urban workers in the French Revolution of 1789 to those of the peasantry and of urban workers in the Russian Revolutions of 1917. (1985-5) 21. Compare and contrast the extent to which the French Revolution (1789-1799) and the Russian Revolution (1917-1924) changed the status of women. (2004-2) 22. Compare and contrast the crisis in state authority that precipitated the French Revolution in 1789 and the February & October Revolutions in Russia in 1917. (2009b-6)

23. To what extent did Marx and Freud each challenge the 19th century liberal belief in rationality and progress? (1985-6) 24. Evaluate how the ideas of Charles Darwin and Sigmund Freud challenged Enlightenment assumptions about human behavior and the role of reason. (2000-5) 25. How did new theories in physics and psychology in the period from 1900-1939 challenge existing ideas about the individual and society? (2001-5)

26. Compare and contrast the degree of success of treaties negotiated in Vienna (1814-1815) and Versailles (1919) in achieving European stability. (1999-7) 27. To what extent and in what ways did nationalist tensions in the Balkans between 1870 and 1914 contribute to the outbreak of the First World War? (1998-4) 28. Historians speak of the rise of mass politics in the period from 1880 to 1914. Define this phenomenon and analyze its effects on European politics in this period. (2005-5)

Unit #6b – ISSUES of WWII; MID 20 TH CENTURY 29. Why did Germany’s experiment with parliamentary democracy between 1919 and 1933 fail? (1982-5) 30. Compare and contrast the efforts to ensure European collective security that were made by the victorious powers between 1815 and 1830 (after the Napoleonic Wars) with those made by the victorious powers between 1918 and 1933 (after the First World War). (1985-7) 31. Contrast European diplomacy in the periods 1890-1914 and 1918-1939, respectively. Include in your analysis goals, practices, and results. (1992-6)

32. What policies of the Stalinist government perpetuated the essential features of the tsarist regime under Nicholas II (1894-1917)? (1982-6) 33. Compare and contrast the extent to which Catherine the Great and Joseph Stalin were “Westerners.” (1995-5) 34. Compare and contrast the French Jacobins’ use of state power to achieve revolutionary goals during the Terror (1793-1794) and Stalin’s use of state power to achieve revolutionary goals in the Soviet Union during the period 1929-1939. (2001-7) 35. Assess the extent to which the economic and political ideals of Karl Marx were realized in post- revolutionary Russia in the period from 1917 to 1939. (2005-6)

36. Compare and contrast the patronage of the arts by Italian Renaissance rulers with that by dictators of the 1930s. (1996-2) 37. Compare and contrast the ways that 17th century absolute monarchs and 20th century dictators gained and maintained their power. (2004b-6) 38. Analyze the ways in which technology and mass culture contributed to the success of dictators in the 1920s and 1930s. (2004-3)

39. Account for the responses of the European democracies to the military aggression by Italy and Germany during the 1930s. (1997-7) 40. Analyze the factors that contributed to the instability of the Weimer Republic in the period 1918- 1933. (2010)

41. Analyze the impact of the First World War on European culture and society in the interwar period (1919-1939). (2002-4) 42. Analyze the participation of European women in the economy and in politics from 1914 to 1939. Use examples from at least TWO countries. (2004-b) 43. Analyze how the Balkan crises from 1903 to 1914 and the crises in central and eastern Europe from 1935 to 1939 threatened Europe’s balance of power. (2007b-7)

44. Considering the period 1933 to 1945, analyze the economic, diplomatic and military reasons for Germany’s defeat in the Second World War. (2006-7) 45. Considering the period 1918 to 1948, analyze the political and diplomatic problems faced by TWO of the following newly created Eastern European states. Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland. (2009-3). USE AS FIRST QUESTION IN NEXT UNIT

46. Analyze anti-Semitism in Europe from the Dreyfus affair in the 1890’s to 1939. (2006b-4)