Textbook Guided Reading Students Will Answer a Series of Multiple Choice Questions Based s1

Mr. Sullivan Name ______AP World History Date ______Textbook Guided Reading POD 11 Transatlantic Slave Trade Period ______

Directions: Please complete these questions as a means to BEGIN studying and preparing for the upcoming POD test. It is your responsibility to complete this task by the due date. You may wish to refer to your class notes and materials, as well as your textbook for assistance in the completion of this task. All answers should be placed on the answer worksheet below

Each Question is worth 1 point

Nota bene: The corresponding textbook page numbers are included with each question for your assistance.

Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer Question Answer 1 16 31 46 61 2 17 32 47 62 3 18 33 48 63 4 19 34 49 64 5 20 35 50 65 6 21 36 51 66 7 22 37 52 8 23 38 53 9 24 39 54 10 25 40 55 11 26 41 56 12 27 42 57 13 28 43 58 14 29 44 59 15 30 45 60 1. What evidence supports the belief that eastern Pacific islands were settled as a result of planned expeditions by Polynesian mariners? a. DNA evidence b. Linguistic similarities c. Transference of indigenous plants d. Settlements in Easter Island and New Zealand e. All of these REF: p. 421

2. The island of Madagascar was settled by a. Malayo-Indonesians. b. Polynesians. c. Arabs. d. Africans. e. both A and B. REF: p. 422

3. Sailing in the Indian Ocean was less difficult and dangerous than in other places because a. it is shallow. b. there is less wind. c. the monsoon winds are predictable. d. it isn't an ocean, but rather a large saltwater lake. e. there are no sharks. REF: p. 422

4. The vessels of the Indian Ocean were called: a. junks b. triremes c. galleons d. dhows e. sloops REF: p. 422

5. How did the rise of medieval Islam give trade in the Indian Ocean an important boost? a. The Muslim cities in the Middle East provided a demand for commodities. b. Networks of Muslim traders tied the region together. c. The Muslim traders shared a common ethic, language, and law. d. Muslim traders actively spread their religion to distant trading cities. e. All of these REF: p. 422

6. The Ming Empire attempted to create new Indian Ocean contacts by a. sending out seven imperial fleets between 1405 and 1433. b. employing Mongol horsemen to travel the Silk Road. c. attempting to defeat the Portuguese in the famous sea battle of Calcutta. d. establishing maritime courts to deal with pirates and privateers. e. building "artificial" islands. REF: p. 422

7. Which of the following statements is not true of Chinese-African contacts circa 1415-1433? a. At least three trading cities in East Africa sent delegations to China in 1415. b. Zheng's voyages were extended to Africa. c. Zheng's voyages stimulated the Swahili silk market. d. The Chinese imported more pepper as a result of this contact. e. Many cultural misunderstandings led to the Sino-African War. REF: p. 423-424 8. The Chinese treasure ships of Zheng He carried a. people and animals as settlers for far-flung colonies. b. silk, metals, and other valuable goods as gifts for distant rulers. c. soldiers to fight the Japanese pirates in the Sea of Japan. d. balsa wood for buoyancy. e. salted fish. REF: p. 423

9. Why did the Ming court suspend the voyages of Zheng He? a. The Chinese had suffered great epidemics from their contacts in the Indian Ocean. b. Zheng He's fleet was sunk by Portuguese naval might. c. The government believed that little could be gained by exploring. d. The unpredictable weather of the Indian Ocean made these voyages too unsafe. e. Zheng He used the fleet to lead a revolution against the Ming emperor. REF: p. 424

10. The greatest mariners of the Atlantic in the Early Middle Ages were a. Mongols. b. Ostrogoths. c. Celts. d. Vikings. e. Lombards. REF: p. 424

11. How did the Vikings maneuver across long distances? a. Use of the astrolabe and compass b. Knowledge of the heavens and seas. c. Extensive Arabic maps d. Legends and oral traditions. e. Trial and error. REF: p. 424

12. In addition to sailing up the Pacific coast, early Amerindians from South America also colonized a. the West Indies. b. Greenland. c. Newfoundland. d. Iceland. e. Finland. REF: p. 424

13. What two nations began a maritime revolution that profoundly altered the course of world history? a. England and France b. Portugal and Spain c. Germany and Russia d. China and Japan e. Greece and Italy REF: p. 425

14. The motives that led to Iberian overseas expansion were a. economic. b. religious. c. political. d. intellectual. e. all of these. REF: p. 425-426 15. What factors combined to make Spain one of the most powerful European states in the 16th century? a. The marriage of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabel of Castile b. Expulsion of the Muslims from Spain in 1492 c. Spain's influence with the Catholic church d. Political alliances with the Abbasid Caliphate e. Being the center of intellectual development in Europe. REF: p. 426

16. Why didn't the Italian states take a lead in exploring the Atlantic? a. Italy lacked warm water access and seafaring technology. b. The ships of the Mediterranean were ill suited to the Atlantic. c. The trading states of Venice and Genoa preferred a system of alliances with the Muslims. d. Both A and B e. Both B and C REF: p. 426

17. Which of the following was a reason for Iberian overseas exploration? a. Long-standing Muslim alliances b. Spain was a center of Renaissance learning. c. They already had the major share of Mediterranean trade. d. Christian pacifism e. None of these REF: p. 426

18. An early motivation for Portuguese maritime exploration was to a. gain access to the sub-Saharan gold trade. b. find buried treasure near Madagasacar. c. discover the "New World." d. find the Christian kingdom of Prester John. e. quell political dissent. REF: p. 426

19. Prince Henry of Portugal was known as Henry the Navigator because a. he was the first person to round the Cape of Good Hope. b. he devoted his life to promoting exploration. c. he designed the compass. d. he discovered America. e. "navigator" means conqueror in Portuguese. REF: p. 426

20. The explicit goal of Portuguese explorers was to: a. convert Africans to Christianity b. overthrow the Islamic state in North Africa c. launch a new crusade against the Ottoman Empire d. find a passage to India e. initiate the African slave trade. REF: p. 426

21. When Portugal began making a significant income from Africa, it began to issue a. stock options. b. private investment opportunities to sponsor maritime cargo and trade. c. gold coins called cruzados. d. military detachments to protect merchant ships laden with goods. e. Jesuit settlements in repayment to the Order of Christ. REF: p. 429 22. Two important navigational technologies, the magnetic compass and the astrolabe, a. were invented by Henry the Navigator. b. were invented by Columbus. c. were of Italian origin. d. were held by an exclusive English patent. e. were of Chinese and Arab or Greek origin, respectively. REF: p. 426

23. The Portuguese contribution to shipbuilding technology was the creation of the a. dhow b. junk c. galleon d. trireme e. caravel REF: p. 427

24. The advantage of the caravel was that it was a. fast. b. maneuverable. c. a good fighting ship. d. strong. e. all of these. REF: p. 427

25. An important addition to the maritime revolution was a. learning to speedily return by sailing northwest to ride westerly winds. b. learning that the magnetic compass did not work while at sea. c. recognizing that the caravel was unsuited for voyages of exploration. d. understanding that the lost island of Atlantis was accessible via caravel. e. improvements to his ship design by Thomas of Caravel. REF: p. 427

26. The first Portuguese explorer to purchase the rights of exploration of Africa was a. Fernão Gomes b. Bartolomeu Dias c. Bartolomo de las Casas d. Ferdinand Magellan e. Christopher Columbus REF: p. 429

27. The first financial return from the Portuguese voyages came from a. the gold trade. b. the slave trade. c. the silk trade. d. the spice trade. e. none of these. REF: p. 429 28. The first Portuguese explorer to reach the southern tip of Africa and view the Indian Ocean was a. Bartolomeu Dias. b. Prince Henry. c. Vasco da Gama. d. Ferdinand Magellan. e. Jesus Alou. REF: p. 429

29. In 1500, what did Portuguese mariners discover while attempting to find a favorable wind around Africa? a. The east coast of South America b. The west coast of North America c. The North Pole d. The Russian coast e. The river Styx REF: p. 429

30. Christopher Columbus was from a. Sicily. b. Spain. c. Portugal. d. Genoa. e. Syracuse. REF: p. 429

31. Columbus insisted that he had reached a. the Indian Ocean. b. the West Indies. c. the New World. d. China. e. Malacca. REF: p. 430

32. The Treaty of Tordesillas divided the New World between a. Islamic Africa and Christian America. b. Spain and China. c. Portugal and Malacca. d. Spain and Portugal. e. Spain and Genoa. REF: p. 430-431

33. An area of dispute between Portugal and Spain despite the Treaty of Tordesillas was who had claim to the spice trade from: a. Macao b. Indonesia c. Goa d. Singapore e. Molucca REF: p. 431

34. What did the Portuguese NOT trade with the kingdom of Benin? a. Copper b. Textiles c. Glass beads d. Horses e. Agricultural products REF: p. 432 35. The powerful West African kingdom of Benin limited its contacts with the Portuguese by a. refusing to accept Catholicism. b. declining offers to receive missionaries. c. closing the market in male slaves. d. all of these. e. none of these. REF: p. 432-433

36. The most profitable and strongest colonization by Europe was in a. Africa. b. China. c. India. d. the Americas. e. Newfoundland. REF: p. 441

37. The first Portuguese who landed in India were greeted with a. open arms. b. panic and fear. c. awe. d. derisive laughter. e. religious enthusiasm. REF: p. 434

38. The Portuguese gained control of the eastern Indian Ocean through a. conquest. b. diplomatic negotiation. c. trade alliances. d. B and C only. e. A, B, and C. REF: p. 435

39. The Portuguese base in China was at a. Beijing. b. Yuan. c. Macao. d. Cambaluc. e. Dien Bien Phu. REF: p. 436

40. The result of Portuguese domination of Indian Ocean trade routes was a. considerable Portuguese profit. b. that they charged a lower price for pepper than Venice or Genoa. c. that more spices and luxury goods were shipped to Europe. d. little impact on the African and Asian mainlands. e. all of these. REF: p. 437 41. The difference between the Spanish Empire and the Portuguese Empire was that a. the motives of the Spanish were purely religious. b. the Spanish Empire was a territorial empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a trading empire. c. the motives of the Portuguese Empire were purely economic. d. the Spanish Empire was a trading empire, while the Portuguese Empire was a territorial empire. e. the Spanish Empire was only an "intellectual" empire. REF: p. 437

42. The first Amerindians to contact the Spanish were the a. Aztecs. b. Arawaks. c. Maya. d. Incas. e. Cassava. REF: p. 438

43. Conquistador means a. conqueror. b. lawgiver. c. bringer of Christ. d. convict. e. communist. REF: p. 438

44. Cortés had which advantages in conquering the Aztecs? a. An alliance with the Tlaxacans b. Firearms and horses c. The Aztecs had only recently established their empire at the expense of other tribes. d. Smallpox e. All of these REF: p. 438

45. Francisco Pizarro defeated the Inca Empire with a. 180 men. b. 1,800 men. c. 18,000 men. d. 180,000 men. e. The Inca Empire defeated Pizarro. REF: p. 439

46. To reduce the risks of overseas trading, companies a. built larger ships. b. bought insurance. c. created the capitalist system. d. conducted most of their commerce by land. e. attacked one another's ships. REF: p. 516 47. Mercantilism is a. the recognition by the state that all individuals have economic rights. b. the belief in a completely free-market economy. c. a government policy that protects trade and demands the accumulation of gold and silver. d. the political doctrine that only people who produce economic wealth may vote. e. another name for capitalism. REF: p. 516

48. The English Navigation Acts in the 1660s were meant to a. confine trade to English ships and cargoes. b. restrict the English shipping industry. c. put a tariff on English goods. d. restrict the English slave trade. e. encourage free trade. REF: p. 516

49. While the British system of mercantilism was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system used laws known as: a. les Tariffs b. qu'elle domage c. Exclusif d. cose nostra e. Entrepôt REF: p. 516

50. The "clockwise" network of trade in the Atlantic was the a. Continental Trade Route. b. Reverse Option Market. c. Robinson Route. d. European Circuit. e. Atlantic Circuit. REF: p. 516

51. The second leg of the Atlantic Circuit, transporting slaves across the Atlantic to plantation colonies, was known as: a. the Middle Passage b. the Deadly Voyage c. Impressment d. Involuntary Servitude e. Chains of Sorrow REF: p. 516

52. During the first 150 years after the European discovery of the Americas, how many Africans were transported in the Atlantic slave trade? a. 200,000 b. 800,000 c. 1.6 million d. 5.2 million e. 6.9 million REF: p. 518 53. During the "sugar boom" from 1650 to 1800, ____ slaves were transported. a. 800,000 b. 1.6 million c. 5.5 million d. 7.5 million e. 10 million REF: p. 518

54. What was the principal cause of mortality aboard Atlantic slave ships? a. Abuse b. Execution c. Disease d. Suicide e. Piracy REF: p. 520

55. Africans who provided slaves to Europeans most often preferred to receive in return a. beads and blankets. b. gold and ivory. c. rum and horses. d. guns and textiles. e. silk and porcelain. REF: p. 520

56. The African state most dependent on the slave trade was a. Oyo. b. Dahomey. c. Asante. d. Elmina. e. Kush. REF: p. 521

57. Most slaves taken from Africa were a. kidnapped. b. prisoners of war. c. criminals. d. political opponents. e. Muslims. REF: p. 521

58. In the eighteenth century, what was the major source of slaves in the interior of the Bight of Biafra? a. Kidnapped people b. Children sold into slavery by parents c. Prisoners of war d. Criminals e. All of these REF: p. 522

59. The greatest source for slaves for the Atlantic trade was from: a. Asante b. Oyo c. Biafra d. Angola e. Luanda REF: p. 522 60. Generally, the Atlantic African slave trade was based on a partnership between a. European opportunists and Arab merchants. b. Asian and European elites. c. European and African elites. d. Islamic and African elites. e. Arab merchants and African elites. REF: p. 523

61. Most slaves in the Islamic world were a. agricultural workers. b. part of the Atlantic Circuit. c. soldiers and servants. d. translators. e. galley slaves. REF: p. 524

62. Islamic law prohibited the enslavement of a. pagans. b. Christians. c. women. d. Muslims. e. anyone. REF: p. 525

63. The majority of African slaves in the Islamic world were: a. artisans b. worked on sugar plantations c. children d. women for concubines and servants e. translators. REF: p. 524

64. Both Muslims and Europeans obtained slaves from sub-Saharan Africa, but a. the Islamic trade was much smaller. b. the European trade was much smaller. c. both slave trades ended soon after they began. d. Africans refused to deal with Muslim traders. e. Africans refused to deal with European traders. REF: p. 525

65. Which of the following is not true of population loss in Africa as a result of the slave trade? a. Areas near the Slave Coast lost a disproportionate number of people. b. Population loss was uniform across all areas of west Africa. c. Even at the peak of the trade, the population of Africa remained large. d. New foods from the Americas helped to offset population losses due to the slave trade. e. Population loss was reduced by the fact that more men than women were traded into slavery. REF: p. 525

66. Which of the following is true regarding the Atlantic slave trade? a. Africans gained far more wealth than Europeans. b. Europeans gained far more wealth than Africans. c. Europeans gained only slightly more wealth than Africans. d. Europeans and Africans gained nearly the same amount of wealth. e. Africans benefited from their inclusion in the world trade system but were harmed by European diseases. REF: p. 525