The Life and Times of Jesus

The Life and Times of Jesus Period 2

4. Housing in Jesus’ day? - roof- do jobs, sleep when warm -mud blocks and stone -little furniture -no windows -1-2 rooms -all slept on one mattress -central courtyard Rich- comfortable, pillows, chairs, heating, running water(?), mosaics

5. What is the importance of the Temple in Jerusalem? -built in 957 BC by King Solomon- cedar wood, choicest stone. -Used to worship a universal God. - destroyed and rebuilt 2x -sacrifices and worship -Western Wall

6. When and how did the Greeks influence Palestine? - Hebrew Bible was translated into Greek- some could understand, some could not. -Hellenism- spread of Greek culture. Alexander the Great conquered the Middle East in 332/333 B.C. -Architecture, literary forms like plays and poems

7. When and how did the Romans influence Palestine? - 63 BC Pompey conquered Palestine - Herod The Great- finished Temple - Romans were strict, punished Jews, used violence. - Desecrated Jewish Temple.

2. Main areas Jesus visited? Like? - Bethlehem- place of birth, 300-1000 pop., Church of the Nativity, mountains and caves. - Nazareth- spent most of his life here, Church of the Annunciation, near Sea of Galilee - Jerusalem- Capital city, Temple, Triumphal entry, Last Supper(Eucharist), 40,000-250,000.

3. What were places that were very important to Jesus look like today? - Galilee- family friendly, natural reserves, parks. - Dead Sea- shrinking

8. Roles of men and women in Palestine in Jesus’ day? - differents souls, male superior -women had restrictions in public and in the Temple. -domestic duties -education for men Jesus treated women with respect and dignity, women friends and followers, woman as the image of God in a parable.

9. Did Ancient Israelites use coins or barter? They did both. Coins- shekel, decorated based on who was in power. Bartered- pistachios, olive oil, perfume, wool, spices, grain, and wine.

10. Different Jewish groups? Did Jesus fall into one? -Pharisees- rivals of Sadducees, Separated Ones, strict observance of the Law. Oral Law/Tradition of the Elders- application of written Law in daily life.—Liberals -Sadducees- Priest, elite -Essenes- Ritual purity, lived in the desert of Qumran, Dead Sea Scrolls. -Zealots- revolutionary, rebels against Rome. 11. Who was In and who was Out in Palestinian Society? -In- wealthy males who are pure -Out- poor, impure, women, Gentile, Samaritan, “sinners”.

12. Food in Jesus’ day? -bread, wine, beans, nuts, grapes, olive oil, figs, fish -meat only on special days, esp. the wealthy. -spices 15. Languages spoken in Palestine? -Aramaic- common language of the Jews; Semitic -Koine Greek- common, NT written in this lang. -Hebrew-Semitic, worship, Jewish Bible -Latin-Roman military, administrators.

16. Jewish wedding traditions? -Arranged marriages by the Dad -married young, 12-13 y/o -Bridal chamber -Covenant- binds people -wine -bridal price

17. Work available? -farming-dry land, hilly -herding- protected animals, migratory and vigilant, wool to stay warm, milk. -fishing- not as popular in the southern region.

18. Forms of transportation? - by Road- network of 63,000 mi.-Romans, connected to Rome -by foot- donkey, horse, chariot.

20. What were Jewish customs in Jesus’ day? -animal sacrifices-purity, cleanliness, forgiveness/atonement of sins. -Passover-10th plague; Last Supper