Organic Chemistry Macromolecule #3

Nucleic Acids: DNA

Review of ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Definition :  Contains ______and ______.

 Large ______can be made of smaller individual ______.

 Example: For carbohydrates, ______are large chains of

______.

4 kinds of Organic Macromolecules 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Nucleic Acids 4. Proteins

NUCLEIC ACIDS  Named for where they were ______found:

The ______

Three types that we will be studying

1. ______

2. ______How can you tell the difference between nucleic acids 3. ______and lipids/carbohydrates? Contain the elements:  Carbon  Hydrogen  Oxygen  ______ ______

Structure of Nucleic Acids:

Draw and label a generalized nucleotide: Definition: ______, repeating chain of ______.

Nucleic Acids are the ______. Nucleotides are the ______. Nucleotides can differ from one another depending on Nucleotides can differ from one another depending on the ______and ______they are using.

Two types of sugar (highlight the difference): Five types of nitrogenous bases:

Ribose is the sugar used in ______Pyrimidines = ______structure

Deoxyribose is the sugar used in ______Purines = ______structure

DNA: Nucleic Acid made using ______.

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

 Stores ______information in the cell that directs the cell’s ______and determines a cell’s

______.

 Supercoiled into ______

o Made up of ______

Nucleotide ( 3 separate components) :

1. ___ carbon ______

2. ______

3. ______

DNA Nucleotide Structure: component #1  5 carbon sugar: “______”  “_____” means ______… . With one ______than ______sugar DNA Nucleotide Structure: component #2  Phosphate . Carries a ______charge.

DNA Nucleotide Structure: component #3  Nitrogenous Base DNA uses ______of the five bases: (A):______(G):______(C):______(T):______DNA does not contain Uracil (U). For DNA, the pyrimidines are: ______How can you remember this? ______For DNA, the purines are: ______

Complementary Bonding: Happens between the ______. Purine’s are always ______to Pyrimidines. They will form weak ______bonds. ______bonds to ______bonds to ______

3-D Structure of DNA: The nucleotides are connected together into ______long chains ______together in the ______to create a ______.

 ______Stranded DNA when untwisted, looks like a ladder. . Sides: alternating ______and ______units . Rungs: ______and ______held together by ______bond. When twisted, DNA looks like a:

______Can also be described as: ______or ______The sequence of bases on one strand determines the sequence of bases on the other strand: ______

Fill in the DNA strand below:

We’ll cover RNA and ATP later!