Introduction (100 Words)

Task Assessment Record (Ungradedachievement)

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Assessor Andrea Beeney Diploma Nursing and Midwifery Subject Study Skills Unit HC7/3/EA/047 Code CBF655 Credits 3 Producing a Written Task Title Task no. for unit 1/2 AC 1.1, 2.1 Assignment

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1 of 6 © AIM Awards 2013April 2014. Version 5 Task Assessment Record (Ungradedachievement)

Essay Plan Introduction (100 words)

 Evolution has caused us to be more likely to suffer from a stroke (direct reference TV)

 15 million people worldwide per year have a stoke (direct reference TV)

 Around 110,000 people have a stroke every year in England. It is the third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer (direct reference newspaper)

 2 types

 Caused by the blood supply to the brain being cut off (direct reference newspaper)

Main Body (800 words)

Diagnosis (300 words)

 FAST in first instance- Facial weakness, Arm weakness, Speech problems, Time to call 999 (reference textbook)

 Brain scans (first 24 hours)-

o CT – 3d picture of brain, used to tell if ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke occurred 5 of 6 © AIM Awards 2013April 2014. Version 5 Task Assessment Record (Ungradedachievement)

o MRI – detailed picture of body, used when damage/location is unknown

 Heart/blood vessel test –

o Carotid ultrasound- shows narrowing/blockages in neck arteries

o Echocardiography- images of heart to check if any abnormalities (ultrasound probe across chest)

o Transoesophageal – ultrasound probe into gullet behind heart- clearer picture

 Swallow test- swallowing effect early in stroke, 2 teaspoons of water without choking, then half glass. Send to therapist for detailed assessment if unable to.

Treatment- ischemic (300 words)

 Thrombolysis – injections of alteplase, dissolves clots/restores flow. Brain scan to confirm type first as makes hem worse

 Antiplatelets- regular aspirin, platelets less sticky, reduce clots.

 Anticoagulants- changes chemicals of blood to stop clots

 Antihypertensive- BP too high, beta/alpha blockers, calcium channel blockers

 Statins- cholesterol too high, reduces in body by blocking enzyme liver produces.

 Carotid endarterectomy- narrowing artery by fatty plaque- if severe, surgery offered.

Treatment- Haemorrhagic (200 words)

 Surgery- remove blood from brain and repair vessels

 Surgery for hydrocephalus- complication – cerebrospinal fluid builds up in brain, headaches, sickness and no balance. Artificial tube into brain to drain fluids.

Short term- Tube in tummy if can’t swallow, Nutritional supplements if malnourished, fluids if dehydrated and oxygen if low. (Internet influenced all above- reference to NHS website)

Conclusion (100 words)

 Stoke is medical emergency (direct reference text book)- Doctors diagnose via multiple tests as shown above

 Many treatments depending on type of stroke had