SBI 3U/E - Genetics Unit Test Topics

SBI 3U/E - Genetics Unit test Topics

Introduction - Prokaryotic cells - Eukaryotic cells

3.1 Principles of Cell division - What factors determine when a cell will be replaced? - What are the benefits of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction?

3.2 The Cell Cycle - What is the importance of interphase? - What is DNA called during interphase? - What are the stages of mitosis (also the important parts of each stage)

3.3 A Cell Clock and 5.6 DNA Structure - When and why do cells divide? - What did Watson, Crick and Franklin discover? - Know the structure of DNA (antiparallel, complementary base pairing etc) 3.5 Cancer - What are cancer cells and how are they different from normal cells? - How to identify skin cancer. - What are antioxidants?

3.6 Meiosis - Where does meiosis occur? - Stages of meiosis (be able to draw stages if asked) - How is crossing over different from independent assortment? - What are the two key features of meiosis that contribute to genetic variations? - When meiosis occurs in females, the cytoplasm is not divided equally among the resulting four cells. Explain why. - Compare the key similarities and differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis

3.7 Comparing Mitosis to Meiosis - What are the similarities and differences?

3.8 Reproduction and Cell Division - terms and differences between the formation of male and female gametes - Compare the key similarities and differences between spermatogenesis and Oogenesis.

3.9 Abnormal Meiosis – Nondisjunction - trisomy and monosomy - What are characteristics (extra or missing chromosome / sex chromosome or autosome chromosome) of Turner syndrome, Down syndrome and Klinefelter’ syndrome? - Be able to draw a nondisjunction diagram of the sex cells. - What is a karyotype charts? Example of Terminology to Know

Prokaryotic Sister chromatid disorders Trisomy Eukaryotic chromosome ultrasound Monosomy DNA Centromere non-disjunction Karyotype Gene Centrosome Gametes Spermatogonium Locus Metastasis Haplid Autosome chromosome Cell cycle Spindle fibres Dioploid Mitosis Meiosis Zygote Ootid Tetrad Synapsis Chromatin Homologous Crossing over spermatocytes chromosomes Gametogenesis Cytokinesis Nucleotide Polar bodies Gene Purine Oocytes Chromosome Adenine Sex Chromosome