Individuals Under 21 in 2004 with History of Hospital Discharge for Traumatic Brain Injury

Individuals Under 21 in 2004 with History of Hospital Discharge for Traumatic Brain Injury Based on 1995-1999 PA DOH Website Data - B. Dively 7/31/05 http://www.health.state.pa.us/pdf/php/injprev/tbi-hospital.pdf Age <5 <5 <5 5-9 5-9 5-9 10- 10- 10-14 15-19 15- 15-19 20-24 20- 20-24 at 14 14 19 24 Injur y '95/' 3236 2505 3112 7768 6389 99 5 yrs. 5 yrs. 5 yrs. 5 yrs. 5 yrs. Total Age Rate % # Rate % # Rate % # Rate % # Rate % # Year 86.0 63.2 78.4 184.7 159.8 1984 1> 647.2 20 129.4 1985 2> 647.2 40 258.9 1986 3> 647.2 60 388.3 1987 4> 647.2 80 517.8 1988 5> 647.2 100 647.2 1989 6> 647.2 100 647.2 501 20 100.2 1990 7> 647.2 100 647.2 501 40 200.4 1991 8> 647.2 100 647.2 501 60 300.6 1992 9> 647.2 100 647.2 501 80 400.8 1993 10> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 1994 11> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 20 124.48 1995 12> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 40 248.96 1996 13> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 60 373.44 1997 14> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 80 497.92 1998 15> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 20 310.72 1999 16> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 40 621.44 2000 17> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 60 932.16 2001 18> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 80 1,242.88 2002 19> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 100 1,553.60 2003 20> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 100 1,553.60 2004 21> 647.2 100 647.2 501 100 501.0 622.4 100 622.4 1,553.6 100 1,553.60 1,277.8 20 255.56 Total ------12297 ------7014 ------5602 ------7768 ------256 ALL 32,936

1 Individuals Under 21 in 2004 with History of Hospital Discharge for Traumatic Brain Injury Based on 1995-1999 PA DOH Website Data - B. Dively 7/31/05 http://www.health.state.pa.us/pdf/php/injprev/tbi-hospital.pdf NOTES:

1. Extrapolated from "Traumatic Brain Injuries in Pennsylvania: Hospital Discharges, 1995-1999" at http://www.health.state.pa.us/pdf/php/injprev/tbi-hospital.pdf

2. The hospital discharge data gave the total number of discharges for one five year period, 1995-1999, by five year age brackets.

3. Each five year bracket was divided by five to get the hospital discharges in one year. This number was used for each calendar year from 1984 to 2004, as if all years were the same.

4. A percentage was applied to the hospital discharges for each year, to retain only those who would be under 21 in 2004.

5. Data does not include those who died before reaching the hospital, patients treated and released from emergency departments, patients treated at rehabilitation hospitals or nursing homes, those treated outside the hospital by a physician or at a clinic, or those who sought no treatment.

6. Nationally, for each bicycle related death, there are 25 hospital admissions. Also, for each hospital admission, there are 27 bicycle related visits to the Emergency Department (p.1). Rather than use that factor, one could divide the CDC number of 41,000 emergency department visits in Pennsylvania leading to a diagnosis of brain injury by the CDC number of 7,800 admitted to the hospital for this reason, giving a factor of 5.26. Applying this factor of 5.26 to 32,936 gives 173,243 children under 21 in 2004 who were diagnosed with TBI at a hospital emergency room and sent home. Adding both numbers, there were 206,179 Pennsylvania children under the age of 21 in 2004 who had been diagnosed with a traumatic brain injury at some prior time in a hospital setting. This does not include those who died before reaching the hospital, those who were seen by a physician in another setting or those who did not seek treatment.

7. "Traumatic brain injury" in the underlying state document includes the following: Cut/pierce; Drowning/submersion; Fall; Fire/flame; Hot object/substance; Firearm; Machinery; MVT Occupant; MVT Motorcyclist; MVT Pedal cyclist; MVT Pedestrian; MVT Unspecified; MVT Other; Pedal cyclist, other; Pedestrian, other; Transport, other; Bites/stings; Other natural/environ; Overexertion; Poisoning; Struck by, against; Suffocation; Other specified & classifiable; Other specified, NEC; Unspecified.

8. To serve all children with brain injury, additional causes other than traumatic would be included, such as stroke, aneurysm, cardiac arrest, brain tumor, brain surgery, infection, etc.

9. "In 1992, "the number of deaths in the United States due to injury was only 1,000 less than the total number of deaths attributed to cerebrovascular disease. More of these injury deaths have been attributed to TBI than any other specific body region." (p.1)