Annual Project Report

UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009

ANNUAL PROJECT REPORT 2009

United Nations Development Programme Tajikistan Communities Programme 01-01-2009 – 31-12-2009

Project ID: 00014911 Duration: 2007 - 2009 Component (MYFF): MYFF 1: Achieving the MDGs and reducing human poverty, MYFF 2: Fostering democratic governance Total Budget: 22.4 million USD Unfunded: 8 million USD Implementing Partners/Responsible parties: (optional) Table of Contents

I. Context...... 3

II. Results Summary and Implementation Review...... 5

1/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009

IV. Implementation challenges...... 32

V. Lessons learnt and next steps...... 32 Lessons learnt 32 Recommendations35

VI. Financial status and utilization...... 37 Financial status 37 Financial utilization 38

Annexes...... 40

Executive summary I. Context The Communities Programme is a multi-year initiative begun in 2004, with programming phases from 2004-2007 and 2007-2009, that builds on the accomplishments of previous work initiated by UNDP in 1996. The Programme’s expected results are in line with benchmarks set by Tajikistan’s NDS/PRS to halve extreme poverty, eradicate gender inequality, and halve the number of people without access to drinking water by 2015, the target date for MDG achievement. It also supports the realisation of three UNDAF and CPAP outcomes:

o UNDAF Outcome 5: Rural communities, including the most marginalized have greater access to rural finance, infrastructure and employment, which corresponds to CPAP Outcome 1: Transforming Livelihoods by increased agricultural productivity, food security and economic opportunities, especially for women and vulnerable groups. o UNDAF Outcome 7: Rural communities, including the most marginalized, have greater governance, which corresponds to CPAP Outcome 2: Redistributing Responsibilities by increased responsiveness and accountability of decision-making structures strengthen the rule of law and human rights. o UNDAF Outcome 4: Natural resources sustainably managed and fewer persons killed, injured, made homeless, or affected by natural disasters, which corresponds to CPAP Outcome 7: Overcoming Mountains by sustainably managing natural resources sustainably managed and decreasing the number of persons killed or affected by natural disasters.

While the Programme contributes to three UNDAF Outcomes, the majority of the programming falls within two priority areas: Redistributing Responsibilities and Transforming Livelihoods, with a few cross-cutting activities falling under the Overcoming Mountains thematic area. During the reporting period, the following areas were addressed:

o Redistributing Responsibilities: The Programme focused on expanding access to micro-credit and building the capacity of Micro Loan Funds, while at the same time, ensuring micro-loan recipients are able to effectively and efficiently use micro-credits by providing business consultations and advisory services to help grow and expand small enterprises. Efforts continued to focus on providing employable skills for the unemployed as well as to build new skills for farmers to increase productivity and crop yield. At the same time, the Programme continued to be committed to restoring critical infrastructure, especially drinking water and irrigation systems, and made significant strides at the national level to improve the water policy environment. o Transforming Livelihoods: Governance activities in 2009 can be characterized by a strong effort to link local, district, and national planning. Ensuring participatory district planning processes, which are heavily supported and reinforced by the Programme, have been bolstered by a new nationally-endorsed participatory methodology being rolled out in pilot districts. In addition, monitoring and evaluation capacity at local and district levels were supported. To build a strong civil society, the Programme continued to support Jamoat Resource Centres (JRCs) and increased effort to make JRCs sustainable and reliable community resources. o Overcoming Mountains: Several projects included components to reduce environmental degradation and risk from disasters. Projects conducted mass awareness raising campaigns, introduced communities to environmentally-friendly practices, and built sustainable energy systems.

The Communities Programme addresses several specific development challenges which include 1) A local administration which is unclear about its responsibilities, accustomed to a top-down, exclusive process of decision-making, and lacking the human resources and fiscal independence necessary to plan and budget for community priorities. 2) Weak capacity of jamoat and district authorities which has manifested itself in the mismanagement and deterioration of communal services like health, education, water, and transportation since independence. As an example, only 61 percent of citizens in rural Tajikistan have access to safe drinking water and 40 percent are vulnerable to water-borne diseases [1]. 3) In addition to the political and social challenges faced by Tajikistan’s rural people, nearly two-thirds remain in poverty even after strong growth in the agricultural sector [2]. 4) Access to land remains constrained for poor farmers and, as a result, many resort to subsistence agriculture. 5) Finally, lack of access to credit has led to a decline in capital and has constrained opportunities for farmers, both in agriculture and private enterprise.

Communities Programme beneficiaries are its partners and the rural inhabitants of Sughd, Khatlon, and the DRS.

1 UNICEF Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 2005 2 World Bank Agricultural Governance Strategy, 2006, p. vii

II. Results Summary and Implementation Review

1. Overall progress towards the CPAP outcome and output(s)

Through its projects implemented throughout Khatlon, Sughd, and DRS in 2009, the Communities Programme has contributed to the achievement of CPAP Outcomes and Outputs as follows:

CPAP Outcome 1: Rural communities, including the most marginalized have greater access to rural finance, infrastructure, and employment.

In 2009, significant efforts were directed towards improving livelihoods and enhancing service access for target communities. Micro-Credits were provided to more than 17,000 clients, 39% of whom were women. In addition, over 32,000 people (43% women) received business/agricultural consultations in order to improve agriculture productivity through 21 Business Advisory and Information Centers (BAIC), which are gradually introducing chargeable services for their sustainability. Approximately 230,000 people (out of whom 50% are women) benefited from improved access to different social services and small-scale infrastructure projects. Improved skills and extension services helped farmers and entrepreneurs learn valuable skills through the support of Field Farm Schools and various farmer associations. As a result, 20% of entities improved their businesses. Rural communities had greater access to finance through micro-credits provided by seven Micro Loan Foundations with a credit portfolio of $4.6 million USD. The micro-credits were extended to the most vulnerable households and helped beneficiaries build and expand their business activities. The capacity of all MLFs was enhanced to become self-sustainable institutions. As a result of supporting employment initiatives and making contributions to the mitigation of labor migration problems, in partnership with the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, about 1,700 people (40% women) were trained on different in demand skills and specialties. As a result of efforts related to community mobilization, the share of migrants’ remittances in some small scale sub- projects implemented in rural areas reached up to 90% of total costs. Further, in partnership of the Ministry of Land Reclamation and Water Resources, the framework for effective governance of drinking water supply projects was developed and approved by the government as a model to be replicated in the field of rural drinking water.

CPAP Outcome 2: Rural communities, including the most marginalized, have greater governance.

UNDP continued to contribute to the improvement of the country framework for good governance in 2009. Partnership with relevant national-level state institutions and initiatives towards localizing country-level development strategies allowed the Programme to achieve planned results. Under the framework of cooperation with the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade (MEDT), a new participatory methodology for district development planning was developed and introduced in nine districts. A database created in 15 target districts helped to update district-level information and provided the basis for the district development planning process. The capacity of local councils in development planning was reviewed by independent local experts; as a result, a manual for local council members was developed which outlines the most important information necessary for active involvement in local development processes. The practice of developing the National Human Development Report (NHDR) was renewed to promote the concept of human development at all levels, particularly the decision making level and the report was devoted to issues of employment in Tajikistan. Another visible achievement in 2009 was the establishment of the National Human Rights Institution (NHRI) and the assignment of an Ombudsman. At the initial stage, upon submission of the short term strategy by the Ombudsman, UNDP coordinated its activities with other potential donors

5/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 and provided technical support to the NHRI office. UNDP continued to work in the area of homeland affairs and border security in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. Together, the BOMCA-CADAP and BOMBAF programmes represented the practical expression of the EU’s and the UN’s strategic interest to support security and stability in Central Asia. This cooperation focused on the execution of a portfolio of projects dedicated to Integrated Border Management, and more broadly, projects devoted to strengthening the capacity of law enforcement institutions.

CPAP Outcome 7: Natural resources sustainably managed and fewer persons killed, injured, made homeless, or affected by natural disasters

The natural environment is the most important resource in Tajikistan, yet at the same time poverty and lack of awareness have had serious negative consequences on the environment, increasing the risk for disaster and reducing the availability of resources in the future. Significant success has been seen in projects, who have reached over 28,000 people, by increasing awareness about the rational use of water, the consequences of deforestation and the sustainable management of other natural resources.

Detailed information regarding the progress of the Communities Programme towards CPAP goals is provided in subsequent sections.

A. Project Results and Impact Summary

The Communities Programme focuses on reaching rural inhabitants, particularly the most marginalized. Depending on the type of activity, the beneficiaries may be a community (e.g. rehabilitation of water supply system) or may be a segment of the populations (e.g. implementing a vocational training programme). Yet at the same time, the Programme recognizes that in order affect real change in the lives of the most marginalized, strategies must also be implemented to reach those who have the power to initiate change. In recognition of this, in 2009 the Programme increased efforts to reach those in power, including national level policy makers and has focused on increasing links between micro, meso, and macro level actors.

The Communities Programme implements projects in 101 jamoats in 25 districts, covering a total population of over 2 million people. Of this amount, 285,810 people (25% female) were direct beneficiaries of Programme activities.

Direct beneficiaries of the entire Communities Programme for 2009 is as follows:

Direct Beneficiaries Transforming livelihoods 256,933 (41% female) Redistributing Responsibilities 824 (30% female) Overcoming Mountains 28,053 (3% female)

Of direct beneficiaries, awareness raising activities for disaster mitigation and environmental preservation had the widest impact and was followed closely by infrastructure projects when compared to other programme areas. Micro-lending was the next widest reaching component. While the total number of direct beneficiaries for improving governance under the Redistributing Responsibilities component appears relatively small, the potential impact of a trained and capable civil service will likely have the largest impact of all Programme components.

The Programme continued efforts to improve governance. Partnerships with the national-level state institutions and initiatives aimed at localizing country-level development strategies allowed the Programme to achieve planned results. In collaboration with the Ministry of Economic Development

6/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 and Trade (MEDT), a new participatory methodology for district development planning was approved and implemented in nine target districts. In addition, monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems were developed and introduced at the local level, which will be used as the primary tool for tracking development progress at the district level. Finally, a database developed in 15 targeted districts helped update district-level information and provided the basis for district development planning processes.

Civil society capacity building at the local level remained a priority in 2009. An assessment was conducted in nine districts to assess civil society participation in development planning and several trainings were offered to address gaps. The Programme has also continued to support Jamoat Resource Centres (JRCs) as important civil society organizations. In total, 120 JRCs have been supported under the Communities Programme. In 2009, the Programme began work to reformulate the roles of JRCs and further analysis of the role of each JRC will be conducted in 2010.

In addition to working on improving governance, the programme also helped rural residents improve business skills, agricultural practices, develop small- and medium-sized enterprises, and develop in demand employable skills. Through the support of Farmer Fields Schools and associations, farmers and agricultural entrepreneurs learned valuable skills to improve productivity and grow their businesses. Such efforts have resulted in at least 20% of business reporting improvements. In addition, 3,295 people (35% women) received business/agricultural consultations in order to improve productivity through the 21 Business Advisory and Information Centres (BAICs) supported by the Programme. As a result of the Programme, 21 BAICs were able to diversify their services, increase service capacity, and successfully initiate a fee-for-service policy, providing evidence to the increasing quality and demand for their services.

In 2009, the Programme increased access to micro-loans for rural farmers and entrepreneurs, with total 289 MLFs personnel. In the past year, USD 5,982,280 micro-credits were provided to 18,860 clients, 7241 of whom were women, with the average loan totalling USD 300. Access to micro- financing doubled as a result of the replenishment of revolving funds through grants and stable incomes from micro-credit activities. The MLF cumulative revolving loan portfolio under the Programme has reached nearly USD 4.4 million, providing loans to more than 56,188 borrowers (35% of whom were women). The Programme focused on building the capacity of all six MLFs and the total operational and financial self-sufficiency ratio for all MLFs reached more than 100 %, with MLFs showing revenue of USD 971,519. Finally, the plan for transformation of MLFs into Micro Deposit Organisations (MDOs) was elaborated by CP staff with the assistance of the Association of Micro Finance Organizations in Tajikistan (AMFOT).

Vocational training and apprenticeships continued as a key strategy to help the rural unemployed enter the workforce. In 2009, the Dushanbe Modular Centre and its two branches – in Kulyab and Gharm - provided professional trainings for 842 unemployed young people, 38% of whom were women. A close partnership with the State Agency on Social Protection of Population, Employment and Migration ensured a job placement rate of roughly 50% immediately following completion of courses.

To improve access to quality infrastructure services in rural communities, the Programme supported the construction and rehabilitation of socio-economic objects, such as medical and educational facilities, drinking water supply systems, irrigation systems, roads, bridges, electro-power stations and energy infrastructures, and marketplaces. In total, infrastructural sub-projects reaching 230,414 people (50% women) were implemented in 2009. In addition to field-based infrastructure initiatives, the Programme also initiated dialogue at the national level involving governmental structures, donor agencies, implementing organizations, and other stakeholders to improve water supply and sanitation management across the country. Efforts implemented as a part of this activity were widely

7/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 supported by the Government of Tajikistan and can be seen as model for effective management of infrastructure projects.

Below is a table summary of specific results achieved under the Communities Programme, arranged by Area Office and project.

Project Results Summary

Output Target Accomplished

ALL AREA OFFICES Strengthening Early Recovery Capacities in Tajikistan (BCPR) Strengthening the capacities Early recovery impact 88 Jamoats were assessed and 31 selected for to effectively engage in assessments conducted ER programming. early recovery coordination, - Sughd: 18 Jamoats selected, including 2 in planning and Ayni, 4 in Panjakent, 2 in Asht, 2 in implementation Kanibadam, 2 in Bobojon Gafurov, 2 J. Rasulov and 4 in Isfara districts; - Rasht valley: 7 Jamoats selected, including 4 Jamoats in Rasht, 2 in Tajikabad and 1 in Tavildara districts; - Khatlon: 6 Jamoats, were selected including 1 in Shurabad, 1 in Hamadony, 2 in Pyanj and 2 in Shaartuz districts; Early recovery needs of - Early recovery needs of 31 target Jamoats selected high risk identified through a participatory process communities are facilitated by respective UNDP Area addressed Offices and led by local government representatives. The meetings were also attended by existing civil society groups/representatives within the selected Jamoats. The representatives of district CoES were also present at the meetings. - 26 quick impact projects initiated, including 10 completed and 16 ongoing (7 water, 5 schools, 4 alternative energy projects. Other projects include health, roads & bridges, and irrigation). 38% of beneficiaries are - Total number of people to benefit from female the completed ER interventions has reached 84,223 (41,622 women). - The % of women residing in target communities comprise 50% - Out of 503 jobs created through project interventions, 91 or 18% were filled by women. This includes: 35 or 10% of women out of 337 temporary jobs, and 56 out of 155 permanent jobs created for women Strengthen Government and 4 district conflict analyses No results achieved to date. civil society capacities for conducted by involvement conflict prevention and of the professional experts social cohesion at a local, in the field of conflict regional and national level prevention

10 awareness raising No results achieved to date. campaigns conducted More than 25 local 80% of target achievement. authority officials received - ToT course on conflict prevention was knowledge and skills on delivered to 12 UNDP staff, including 3 conflict management and women; incorporating conflict - responses into the Conflict prevention training was delivered development plans to 12 UNDP staff, including 4 women; - 10 local government representatives received training on conflict prevention, including 2 women. More than 50 civil society 16% of target achievement. representatives received - 8 civil society representatives received knowledge and skills on training on conflict prevention, including conflict management and 3 women; community mobilization towards mitigating impact of conflict challenges; More than 20 subprojects No results achieved to date. directed to tension mitigation identified; At least 38% of - As result of ToT course, 3 women (25%) beneficiaries from were trained as trainers; subprojects and trainings - Conflict prevention training was delivered are female; to 5 women (28%); At least 10 conflict No results achieved to date. prevention sub-projects implemented. AYNI AO

Zerafshan Valley Initiative (DFID) Adequate information 3 district development 3 DDPs of target districts finalized, approved systems in place for plans prepared and and published in Tajik and Russian languages. prioritising, planning and publicized coordinating development Stakeholders aware of An International Consultant was contracted for baseline survey findings data analysis and final report. Database was created and all data entered by DDCs. However, due to serious health problems, the Consultant failed to complete the assignment and submit final report. Improved service delivery At least 15 infrastructure 24 infrastructure sub-projects were for management of public sub-project implemented implemented. resources 7 Jamoats and 3 districts Construction works of 6 sub-projects were are funded to facilitate the completed. process of implementation of development plans Enhanced livelihoods and 4,000 loans disbursed 31,369 total borrowers and 8,394 active employment opportunities borrowers, reaching 15,000 households (everyone 4th household). The number of total female borrowers (48.5%) indicates a strong gender-oriented approach.

At least 200 women JRCs in Urmetan, Ayni and Chinor have empowered implemented women’s empowerment activities, reaching 310 women. At least 3 Associations of 3 Associations were established in 3 target Entrepreneurs established districts. and operating effectively DUSHANBE

Building Local and Regional Capacity for Creating and Monitoring Development Programmes and Budgeting (UNDP) Local and regional 150 trained government 150 government representatives received governments are better representatives are able to knowledge and skills related to development able to plan, budget and better plan, budget and planning and monitoring and evaluation in all manage finances in a manage finances, as 15 targeted districts. participatory manner. compare with initial data on capacity assessment 5 DDCs established with 5 DDCs are active. Trust Funds will be created District Development instead of development funds in the targeted Funds districts next year. 15 Developed District 9 DDPs were developed; the remaining 6 DDPs Development Plans will be developed in 2010. correspond to the quality criteria (i.e. that are based on the consultations with Community actors; are based on the priorities; achievable, etc) Local and regional 8 key poverty indicators for M&E systems were introduced in 9 districts. governments have baseline and post-project improved information surveys developed systems for planning, 15 Baseline survey Local statistical databases were updated in 15 monitoring and evaluating conducted or reviewed districts and 2 provinces. All data for 2008 has public policy. been entered into the databases. 1st assessment survey on The Strategic Research Centre has started the quality of service work to install local stations and software for delivery is conducted Citizen Report Cards system in 4 districts through the newly (Rumi, Isfara, Ayni and Panjakent). established or improved (where already exists) Citizen Report Cards system Citizens and civil society are 150 civil society members 150 local representatives from 9 target districts better able to advocate on and institutions enhanced received knowledge and skills related to their social issues, engage their skills and knowledge participation in the development planning authorities and contribute on conducting surveys and process. resources to local analyses, development development projects. planning, and mobilizing communities Civil society will contribute Civil society has contributed 10 % for 2009. up to 20% towards the overall budget of the DDPs The capacity of Tajikistan’s Additional 100 members of Capacity building programme for local councils Parliament and Local local councils at district at the district level was not conducted in 2009

Output Target Accomplished councils at the district and and oblast levels receive due to the elections planned for 2010. oblast level are enhanced capacity building trainings Training programmes will be conducted after contributing to the on better service delivery the February 2010 elections. establishment of the rule of management law and good governance. Access of women to At least 250 (selected in 150 women were trained in advanced economic, social and health 2008) potential female leadership skills and became proactive in care services enhanced; leaders trained on decision making processes and, communities are advanced leadership skills stronger in gender issues and became proactive in and the cases of gender- decision-making based violence are mechanisms decreased. At least 250 selected 150 selected women-activists were provided women-activists and 750 with income generating skills and facilities in 5 indirect beneficiaries are targeted districts provided with initial stage of income-generating skills and facilities; the networking of women- activists and CBOs in 10 jamoats is established 500 teachers of 10 The gender sensitization and child rights targeted jamoats are training have been postponed. covered with Gender sensitization and child rights trainings, indirectly 10 schools will have passed such trainings by trained during 40 trainings teachers Rural women empowerment in Central Asia (ADB)

Comparative analysis report To conduct situation The situation analysis has been conducted. of constrains and analysis on women’s opportunities for rural entrepreneurial activities women’s entrepreneurship 2 round tables with 2 round tables organized with national and increased awareness of national partners and civil partners and civil society organization and the policy-makers and CSOs on society per oblast findings of the situation analysis were shared. women entrepreneurship at organized regional level About 15 discussions and 10 discussion and round tables were organized round tables with with women’s group at district level women’s associations carried out About 10 UNDP and other 15 success stories of women’s entrepreneurs donors’ good practices were collected. documents disseminated among donor community Developed capacities of At least 4 trainings 2 trainings were organized on Gender and national government provided to MEDT and Budgeting, and on Gender Mainstreaming for partners on gender policy Committee of Women’s 30 MEDT staff and Committee of Women’s and gender aspects of Affairs and Planning of RT Affairs and Planning of RT. institutional/organizational to develop the capacity of development; Develop 2 departments in the

Output Target Accomplished capacities of women’s MEDT RT on gender organizations on mainstreaming. entrepreneurship Deliver packages of 6 five-day training sessions on business, development intensive capacity marketing and management were organized development training for for 90 women from 6 target districts. women’s organization.

Encouraging collaboration between governmental institutions, donors and organizations in the field of rural drinking water – to improve accountability, sustainability and effectiveness (SDC) Improved implementation All overlapping stakeholder The Guidelines for implementation of rural procedures responsibilities eliminated drinking water projects was drafted, which and key responsibilities outlined specific roles and responsibilities for included in Implementation stakeholders. Guidelines Equal representation from Communities and ministerial levels were inter-ministerial- and equally represented in all events – during grassroots-level in all joint discussions, meetings, workshops, and other activities joint activities. 90% of critical legal and All critical legal and administrative barriers administrative barriers were discussed at workshops on the grass- resolved and/or in process roots and inter-ministerial levels. All of being resolved at project problematic issues which were found during completion discussions were addressed in the last version of the Implementation Guidelines. Procedures for Proposals for simplifying the procedures for implementing rural implementing the rural drinking water projects drinking water projects were received from stakeholders and now simplified under consideration. All major stakeholders All major stakeholders received a copy of the involved in implementing Implementation Guidelines, which are also rural drinking water publically available online. projects are aware of and have access to Implementation Guidelines Providing professional and socio-legal skills and knowledge for unemployed and labour migrants in Tajikistan (UNDP) Skills of the unemployed At least 700 (300 in 842 unemployed people, including 316 women and labour migrants Dushanbe, 175 in Gharm, (38 %) were trained in various specialties enhanced through provision 225 in Kulyab) unemployed (Dushanbe: 368 unemployed - 155 women; of market demanded people trained and have Gharm: 219 unemployed – 45 women; Kulyab: vocational trainings obtained enhanced and 255 unemployed – 109 women). new professional skills by the end of project 100 people have improved All trainees regardless of specialties received their Russian language courses on ethics, key rules of behaviour in skills and are aware of public places and knowledge of the legal rights their legal obligations and of migrants during their professional rights as labour migrants education. 2 new training courses Trainees requested to have the Tajik version of provided on social and modules for their easy understanding. legal protection for 2 modules were developed and translated into

potential labour migrants Tajik (Plumbing and Welding). Capacity Building of 114 JRCs and JRC Training and Consulting Network (UNDP)

The M&E system of JRCs is 3 ToTs conducted for 22 3 ToTs were conducted on M&E and its reinforced trainers application within organizations for 22 trainers representing JRCs from various regions. 10 trainings provided on 2 10 trainings were conducted on M&E systems key topics and reporting and indicators were developed for annual activity plans. 185 received consultations More than 185 consultations were provided to JRCs by local experts regarding the application of M&E tools in daily activities. Support to the design of the Poverty Reduction Strategy 2010-2012 in Tajikistan

Expert support to review Improved PRS for 2010-12 PRS for 2010-2012 was approved by the MEDT and improving of the PRS approved by the end of according to the schedule in December 2009 2007-09 and on-the-job 2009 training of MEDT staff MEDT staff has skills in MEDT staff received skills in policy analysis and policy analysis, target target setting according to SMART through setting according to international consultants’ support provided SMART criteria and costing from UNDP BRC of policy measures Support to participatory Seven regional round Seven regional round tables were conducted discussion and tables held to discuss PRS with the purpose of creating opportunities for dissemination activities for 2010-12 local and regional stakeholders to participate in the discussions related to the new PRS content Improved results-oriented New PRS activity matrix has result-oriented targets formulated for targets 2010-12 activities matrix Scaling up support to the MDGs in Tajikistan: Focus on alternative energy and water access (UNDP)

Rural communities, The sector specific strategy 5 expert consultants were contracted and including the most for the energy and water provided high level strategic policy advice for marginalized, have greater sectors developed developing and implementing policies within access to rural finance, the MEDT. Over 10 consultations were held infrastructure and with target communities to identify pilot employment projects. 2 workshops were held – one for UNDP and one for donor organizations – to strengthen integrated approaches, dialogue, and coordination/consolidation efforts. Finally, an Inter ministerial workshop was held, and the Energy Task Force was established. Rural communities, The capacity of the The Energy Task Force which was established including the most Government for strategic as a mechanism to support the development marginalized, have greater planning and resource of a policy and the regulatory framework for governance mobilization enhanced renewable energy access for rural communities in Tajikistan. Capacity building support has been provided to the Task Force through international consultants and critical policy, legal, regulatory and financial issues were identified and a draft intermediate Strategy for Renewable Energy Efficiency was

developed. Government successfully The capacity of Ministry on The new law on RES was adopted by the adopts more pro-poor delivery of sectoral Government and with assistance from project policies, laws and projects strengthened and experts. Jamoat B.Burunov was selected as a expenditures and receives action plan prepared pilot area and 8 pilot projects were identified greater support for this for rehabilitation/construction. from the international community. Integrated Water Resource Management (EU, UNDP, Government of Norway)

N/A N/A Project began project start-up activities including:  Hiring of National Project Manager and Administrative Project Assistant.  Project inception seminars at national and regional levels held to discuss project and workplans with stakeholders  First National Advisory Board meeting conducted to discuss membership, etc.

GHARM AO

Community Development through Employment Creation and Improved Migration Management (UNDP/ILO) Empowered beneficiaries 100 migrant households 88 beneficiaries-migrants households (38 through vocational training supported with micro- women) were supported with micro-credits. and income generated credits An additional 50 women were targeted and received micro-credit with leftover project funds. 38 JRCs trained on SIYB to 38 JRCs, and representatives of other develop small and medium concerned agencies such as Jamoats and MLFs, entrepreneurship in their who are directly involved in business delivery Jamoats services to community, were trained on Start and Improve Your Business. 100 women trained on 100 women- beneficiaries of 17 target Jamoats household budgeting received training on household budgeting. At least 20 community 23 infrastructure sub-projects including based sub-projects realized drinking water supply, energy, road and through remittances bridges, service workshops, etc. have been financed, in part by remittances and implemented in 16 target Jamoats. Increased capacity of 15 representatives 15 representatives from JRCs, District government officials and participated at study tour Employment and Migration Agencies, Trade JRC representatives at for sharing of experience Unions, and UNDP Gharm AO participated in national and local levels study tour in Krasnoyarsk of Russia Federation to exchange experiences and build a partnership among migrant organizations. Beneficiaries have better At least 2 forums 2 regional migration forums were held with access to information and conducted for National participation of project partners (JRCs, District

Output Target Accomplished legal redress mechanisms Employment Service, JRCs Employment and Migration Service and Trade and Trade Unions Unions) as well as other concerned agencies. 5 District Information 5 District Information Centers received Centres provided with migration-related information materials and information materials. staff were trained on migration issues and provided with copy machines to disseminate information materials to migrants. KHUJAND AO

Addressing the social consequences of the transition period in the Ferghana Valley – Tajikistan (TACIS) Improved access to skills 50 jobs created for 70 marginalized people are employed of which and resources for economic marginalized 49 are women. In total, 13 small businesses livelihoods were supported through the provision of tools and equipment. 50 people involved in 5 ADFs were established with 68 members income generating who are involved in income generating activities activities. In addition, tools banks for the ADFs members were provided. Furthermore, over 1,000 people received business and extension consultations through BAICs. Improved awareness and 10,000 local people have 17,000 people (52% women) received access access to safe drinking access to clean drinking to safe drinking water after 5 drinking water water and sanitation water supply systems were rehabilitated. 5 drinking water supply 5 drinking water supply systems were systems rehabilitated rehabilitated; the systems registered as limited liability companies; staff members were trained on operation and management and necessary equipment was provided. 8000 people have greater 8,500 people were reached through awareness awareness and knowledge raising campaigns on hygiene and sanitation. of health and sanitation 50 Hygiene agitators were trained. Strengthened partnership 125 local officials and civil 125 local officials were trained and monitoring between local government, society trained on teams were established. civil society and the private monitoring and evaluation sector Environment and Security Initiative in Cross Border Areas of Ferghana Valley – Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan (Government of Germany) Introduced data collection 7 monitors trained and 6 7 filed monitors and 1 analyst were recruited mechanisms reports produced and 6 reports were produced. In addition, team of monitors and the analyst participated in a study tour to the project areas covered under the “Biodiversity project” in Gissar valley in early November 2009. The participants exchanged experience on nature preservation and environment and security. Addressed challenges 6 joint Tajik/Kyrgyz round A joint, cross-border commission was through joint initiatives tables held and at least 4 established comprised of an equal number of priorities addressed representatives from Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. 2 district-level joint commission meetings were held to discuss the findings of the reports and cross border relations between the governing and law enforcement structures, as well as the population of the

bordering areas were discussed.

In total, over 20 priorities were identified by the joint commission which required immediate attention to be addressed, yet considering the project budget limitations only 4 the most appalling priorities were selected and addressed. Selected priorities include bridge construction, coast strengthening for bridge protection, construction of an irrigation pump, and the construction of a traject over the flood bed. Increased awareness of the At least 1,000 Tajik and 1,200 Tajik and Kyrgyz people increased population Kyrgyz people have greater knowledge on the environment and cross- awareness on border issues as a result of the “Green environmental and cross Patrols”, which were established as part of the border issues project to distribute materials and conduct awareness raising campaigns. Aid for Trade (Government of Finland) Identification of country and High quality (experts’ 1. In August 2009, the project team from regional priorities, capacity evaluation) AfT Needs UNDP RBEC, Mr. J. Cukrowski and Mr. M. Riva gaps and Assessments paid a visit to Tajikistan to assess the situation technical assistance finalized in 6 countries and give a start for a project implementation. requirements in the During their meetings at various ministerial, period of economic crisis public and private sector levels, they managed and post-crisis to not only introduce the project aims and recovery objectives, and also intentions to establish a network for probable future project implementation. Moreover, while meeting with UNDP CO, they arrived at solution for appointment of Focal Point (Mr. M. Rustamov) on national level, mechanisms of implementation (through CP). Lastly, they did also assess the capacity of such institutions as Institute for Macro-economic Researches as the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Tajikistan. As a result of offer, alter on, in October-November 2009 Profess. Kh. Umarov was hired to submit the assessment report by the end of January 2010. This report, would assumingly, define the priorities for trade development and would suggest the mechanisms for project implementation and products (outputs and outcomes); 2. From October 23 to 27, 2009 a mission of project consultants – Mrs. A. Spear and Mr. T. Chaiken was organized. These consultants were to formalize the concept for the project activities. Mrs. Spear, as a Team Leader, prepared a concept for activities 2.2 (Capacity Building for Trade Mainstreaming) and for 2.3 (Establishment Trade Export Center), whereas, Mr. T. Chaiken, had

formulated the microfinance concept – activity 2.4. During their visits, more than 10 agencies and institutions, companies, public sector were visited. As a result, by the end of December 2009, the activity 2.3 was conceptualized, whereas, as for activity 2.4 – we have recently (January 2010) have received the first draft of reports; 3. From December 12 to 17, 2009 a mission of a consultant, hired from UNDP RBEC, Mr. P. Alhojravi to formulate the last activity of AfT project – 2.5 – Environmental Friendly Technologies and Green Commodities was organized. During his meetings with probable stakeholders, he discussed the issues of cooperation and integration of “green commodity” component into the overall implementation of the project activities. He submitted the report by Jan 5, 2010and as a result we received his first draft of the report and a budget allocation for implementation of this activity – 23.501 USD for 2010; 4. During December 2009, the hired Trade Component Coordinator, in association with the Project FP and Khujand AO staff, had formalized the AWP for 2009 and got approval. Moreover, he had prepared the draft of AWP, PAP, RRF and internal budgetary revisions for 2010; 5. During December 2009, the Trade Component Coordinator, in association with the Project FP and Khujand AO staff, had prepared the TOR for the Project Specialist which was later announced 6. During December 2009, the Trade Component Coordinator paid a visit to AfT Team Kyrgyzstan (Batken) to meet the project consultants, to discuss the issues of project cross-cooperation with Kyrgyzstan team KULYAB AO

Enhancing Individual Incomes & Improving Living Standards in the Khatlon Region of Tajikistan (TACIS) Agricultural productivity and a) At least 4 irrigation a) 2 irrigation systems and 2 drinking water the market chain improved systems rehabilitated supply systems have been rehabilitated. /constructed; 5 rural drinking water b) All mentioned stakeholders have been supply systems trained for future O&M of the systems. rehabilitated;

b) At least 20 system operators, WUA members, and JRC executives trained on operation &

maintenance and management of the water infrastructure developed and introduced Marginalized groups socially 3 new DDC established, 3 DDCs have been established and adequately integrated and mobilized equipped and staffed staffed/equipped. Study tours to Isfara DDC into income generating were arranged. activities

Enhanced individual 7 agro-processing 7 mini-agro processing workshops were incomes and improved living workshops with storage established, employing 115 people. 4 ADFs standards in 6 districts of facilities established in received IT equipment and 1 tool bank was eastern and western target Jamoats rehabilitated. Khatlon through innovative 15 workshops with experts 268 people (146 women) received marketable socio-economic established in target skills and certificates from the Ministry of development initiatives jamoats and more than Labor and Social Protection of Tajikistan. USD based in community-based 268 vulnerable, 50,000 was allocated to 5 JRCs through MLFs, organizations unemployed people benefiting 250 people, of whom 150 are provided with marketable women. skills 3 rural drinking water 3 water supply systems were rehabilitated in 3 supply systems jamoats, supplying 4,815 residents with access rehabilitated/constructed to clean drinking water. The systems were transferred to system owners for operation and maintenance. 1 DDC established, A strategic planning session was conducted for equipped and staffed 21 participants from Baljuvon district; 3 roundtables were conducted in Shurobod, Farkhor and Baljuvon districts. Enhancing Agricultural Governance in Tajikistan (CIDA)

Agricultural Governance is Agricultural machineries 5 agricultural machines were rehabilitated for enhanced in Tajikistan procured for established 2 Dehkan Farm Associations (ADFs) in Farkhor Association of Dehkan and Shaartuz districts; 1 tractor was provided Farms to an ADF in Farkhor district; 5 new agricultural machines provided to an ADF in Farkhor district. At least 145,000 145,000 brochures were published and publication materials distributed amongst the dehkan farms to available on Reform in provide information on taxation, management, Agricultural sector and and protecting their rights. . implementation of Government Decree 111

B. Implementation Strategy Review

Participation

Participation, ownership and sustainability are critical elements of Community Programme projects. Inclusion of project beneficiaries in the implementation process including defining priorities, carrying out activities to address priorities, and taking ownership of them once the project has ended is central to Communities Programme projects. Including beneficiaries in the process helps to enhance project sustainability and builds ownership, contributing to the achievement of project goals. The Programme not only builds participatory mechanisms into all aspects of its projects, it works to build sustainable participatory mechanisms by implementing systems, putting in place participatory forums and conducting capacity building, especially in regards to local government.

In 2009 examples of participatory planning mechanisms include a project implemented in nine pilot districts, where all stakeholders were involved in the district planning process to identify current social and economic development trends and set future priorities. The involvement and cooperation with project stakeholders positively influenced resource mobilization, improved the ability to reach the right beneficiaries and ensured transparent implementation of the District Development Plan (DDP). Positive results such as community mobilization, sustainability and ownership have also been seen as a result of involving direct beneficiaries in the needs assessment, prioritization and project development processes. For example, as a part of the Encouraging collaboration between governmental institutions, donors and organizations in the field of rural drinking water – to improve accountability, sustainability and effectiveness project, active discussions with all levels of stakeholders including rural communities were critical to putting in place appropriate, effective and useful national guidelines for the implementation of water projects.

Ownership

Improving national level ownership of projects and initiatives is a cornerstone of the approach used by the Communities Programme. To build ownership, the Programme carefully considers and incorporates opportunities for participation in nearly every aspect of project implementation, starting from the identification and elaboration of the project, through the implementation process, and ending with the project evaluation. Ownership is strictly connected to the sustainability of the new actions and approaches and is therefore also a key priority of any initiative implemented. At the same time, ensuring national ownership builds capacity and a foundation for national institutions to lead development processes in the future.

Examples of how the Programme has worked to build national ownership in 2009 can be seen in the district planning process. The Communities Programme helped develop the district planning methodology in collaboration with key stakeholders. The methodology was accepted by the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade (MEDT) and will now be used as the primary planning scheme and applied to all districts of Tajikistan. A similar situation was witnessed with the District Development Plans (DDPs). While UNDP CP has supported the development of DDPs, the districts consider the plans to be their own. By involving relevant stakeholders and conducting activities in a participatory manner, the Programme has seen success in building ownership at all levels of government. Another important example of how the Programme built national ownership was in its approach to working with stakeholders in the development of Implementation Guidelines for drinking water projects. In this case, the Programme set out to encourage widespread participation from all levels of stakeholders – from the community, to NGOs, to policy-makers - and was able to build a process by which participants became invested in and therefore took ownership over improving the drinking water supply. Principals of ownership are also included at the community level. For example, the Programme has seen a lot of success in gaining financial or in-kind contributions from the community for infrastructure projects. Because of their contributions, a sense of ownership is built on behalf of the community over the results of the project and the long- term sustainability and maintenance of the rehabilitated/constructed infrastructure.

Sustainability

By building and encouraging local and national ownership of all projects, the Communities Programme is also well positioned to ensure the sustainability of initiatives after projects are completed. The involvement of relevant stakeholders in the identification, planning and monitoring of implemented projects has helped build ownership – a key component of future sustainability. At the same time, ownership is sometimes not enough to ensure the sustainability of initiatives in the long-run. Competing financial demands, inadequate knowledge and skills, and confusing laws regarding ownership have all affected sustainability. To address these critical challenges, the Communities Programme has taken a calculated approach to designing and implementing projects to ensure that initiatives are sustainable with local skills, funding, and demands. For example, the Programme consistently supports the involvement of formal government structures in capacity building programmes to ensure that government itself will be capable of carrying out critical functions in the future.

III. Detailed Project Activities Review

Transforming Livelihoods

In 2009, the Communities Programme implemented projects to improve the livelihoods of rural people throughout the country. The Programme has implemented projects to improve economic conditions which have directly affected the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. Direct beneficiaries, those who have personally received a service or benefit from projects implemented under the Communities Programme are detailed as follows:

Area: Total Direct Beneficiary (% women)

Micro-Credits: 18,860 (38%) Business/Agricultural Consultations or Services 3,295 (35%) Employable Skills: 1,340 (47%) Small-Scale Infrastructure Projects: 230,414 (48%) Other capacity building: 3,024 (38%)

TOTAL BENEFICIARIES 256,933 (41%)

A detailed breakdown of infrastructure projects and other capacity building beneficiaries by activity is provided in Figure 1 and Figure 2 below:

Figure 1: Infrastructure Beneficiaries by Type

Figure 2: Capacity Building Beneficiaries by Type

UNDAF Outcome 5: Transforming Livelihoods

Outcome 1. The livelihoods of vulnerable rural residents, including both income and access to basic services, will be improved.

Result 1.1 The capacity of rural residents to become successful entrepreneurs is increased, including their employable skills and knowledge of enterprise creation and business processes.

Improving Business Advisory Services

 Three Associations of Entrepreneurs were established as part of the Zeravshan Valley Initiative project funded by DFID and UNDP. The Associations, which unite small- and medium-sized enterprises from all three districts of the Zeravshan Valley, will support local business and entrepreneurship through the provision of information, consultative and advisory services, advocacy and support to business development. The project also provided support to building the capacity of BAICs and to create learning facilities for District Employment Centres (DECs).

 Over 1,000 people received business consultations from Business Advisory and Information Centres (BAICs) through the support of a TACIS-funded project in the Ferghana Valley. UNDP had supported the centres by providing training, essential equipment and furniture. In addition, the project also helped to improve business services by putting in place a system that links BAICs with MLFs, whereby MLFs provide loans based on BAIC recommendations. Building this link has not only helped build the client base for BAICs, it has also helped MLFs to ensure that loan recipients have adequate business plans and skills, thereby increasing the likelihood of on-time payment.

 In 2009, under the joint UNDP/ILO-implemented project, Community Development through Employment Creation and Improved Migration Management, 228 participants from 38 JRCs, Jamoats and MLFs who were directly involved in providing business delivery services to the community were trained in topics related to starting and improving businesses. The new skills will enable the providers to give high quality business consultations.

 1,656 people (685 women) received business consultation services as a result of the TACIS- funded Enhancing Individual Incomes and Improving Living Standards in Khatlon, Tajikistan project, which helped establish and equip seven BAICs.

Helping Build Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

 In the Ferghana Valley 13 small businesses were supported including sewing shops, bakeries, hairdressing workshops and carpentry shops, providing permanent employment for 49 people, the vast majority of whom are women. Since 2008, the project has supported 19 small enterprises, providing employment to 136 people (99 women).

 In Khatlon eight agricultural mini-agro-processing workshops with storage facilities were completed as part of a TACIS-funded project. The workshops process and store fruit, vegetables, wheat and oil and thereby employ approximately 115 people (85 women). The workshops have already proven successful for increasing incomes and are especially valuable for communities isolated from city marketplaces.

Building Employable Skills for Rural Residents

 The two-year initiative, Providing professional and socio-legal skills and knowledge for unemployed and labour migrants in Tajikistan, which aimed to increase the capacity and skills of the unemployed by providing training on the most in-demand professions, ended in 2009. The project, which was carried out in partnership with the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection, provided training for 842 people (40 % women) in 2009 and a total of 1,692 unemployed people throughout the life of the project. The project, which targeted vulnerable populations, helped to stimulate local economic development and increase household income. Courses will continue to be offered through the Dushanbe Modular Centre, which is now capable to function independently.

 In the Zeravshan Valley the Programme partnered with the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection through its District Employment Centres (DECs) in Panjakent and Ayni districts, helping to support DECs by providing them with essential equipment and tools needed for running in-demand workshops and classes. The Centres were able to quickly organize classes and start providing professional skills courses on carpentry, auto mechanics, computer literacy, sewing, welding and bakery to a total of 230 people (74% female) in 2009.

Building Opportunities for Improved Agricultural Practices

 Five agricultural demonstration plots initiated in 2008 in the Ferghana Valley continued to operate in 2009, providing practical and hands-on skills-building opportunities for farmers to learn updated farming techniques. In 2009, an additional three greenhouses in Uzbekkihslak, Chorku and Kistakuz were established and more than 200 people received agricultural extension services. Since the beginning of the project over 400 people have received agriculture extension services through the demo plots and greenhouses. In addition, tools, equipment and other support provided to farmers’ cooperatives (Association of Dehkan Farms) have increased crop productivity by 10% compared to previous years.

 Similar to the Ferghana Valley, support was also provided to ADFs in Khatlon through projects supported by TACIS and CIDA. The projects supported four ADFs through the provision of IT equipment, the rehabilitation of a tool bank in one district, the rehabilitation of agro-

processing mini-workshops in Farkhor district and the purchase or rehabilitation of 11 agricultural machines for use by ADFs in the Farkhor district.

 To help farmers understand their rights and legal protections, 145,000 brochures were published and disseminated to more than 10,000 people to help raise awareness among communities about the effects of agricultural reform and taxation, farmers’ rights, and the management of Dehkan farms.

 Replicating the experience of the TACIS-funded project in Khatlon, the Zeravshan Valley Initiative project collaborated with Business Advisory Centres (BACs) to provide support for alternative income generating activities such as the establishment of greenhouses and canning workshops. In total, nine candidates were chosen and received financial and technical support such as assistance in the development of construction design and works to build the greenhouses, canning workshop facilities and a beauty salon. Recipients are expected to reimburse at a rate of 50%.

Result 1.2 Rural residents, particularly vulnerable households and women, have greater access to micro-credit loans.

In 2009, the Communities Programme has continued to ensure that rural residents have access to micro-credits to help them build and expand their business activities. The Programme put a strong focus on increasing the percentage of female loan recipients. The total revolving loan portfolio of the 6 MLFs established by UNDP by the end of 2009 has reached more than USD 4 million. MLF activity shows stable and profitable development. To further strengthen MLFs, a firm was hired to support institutional development and ensure proper legal functioning.

Expanding Micro-Credit Operations

 Responding to recommendations made by DFID in the Zeravshan Valley to build on current achievements and expand MLF coverage, the Programme re-allocated unutilised project funds and gains, resulting from currency fluctuation, to further replenish the MLF loan portfolio. In total, the MLF received USD 300,000, which is expected to adequately satisfy demand for loans of larger sizes to group borrowers, individual borrowers, and dehkan farm holdings. In total, in 2009, the total number of borrowers serviced was 9,048 persons, out of whom 3,715 are female (41%).

 As of November 2009, Sughdmicrofin, a Micro Lending Fund in the Ferghana Valley had 2,850 active borrowers, issued loans to 2,149 people (54.3% women) and boasted a loan portfolio of 1,751,509 TJS. The MLF has also performed well in operational matters, including revising internal management procedures and signing contracts with 15 JRCs, helping to retain staff, keep JRCs fully operational, and keeping staff motivated to carry out the JRC mandates.

 In Khatlon, a TACIS project has helped to expand the loan portfolio of MLF Vakhsh Microfin, increasing funds by USD 50,000 and distributing loans to 80 rural recipients (30% women) to support small trade and other types of small business activities.

 During 2009, micro-finance services were expanded in six jamoats and 138 loans totalling US 28,500 were provided to migrant households in Rasht, Tajikabad, Jergital and Tavildara districts as a part of the ILO/UNDP-supported project, Community Development through Employment Creation and Improved Migration Management. Financial support provided to beneficiaries

under the project was especially timely as migrants and their families have been strongly affected by the economic downturn.

 Five JRCs received a total of USD 40,000 from UNDP TRAC funds, providing micro-credit to 250 people (150 women) in 2009. Since the beginning of the project 2,207 people have received micro-credits (812 women), providing rural communities opportunities to start and enhance their own businesses and especially impacting women through increased economic opportunities and participation in community development.

Result 1.3 Cooperation on business environment between the public and the private sector is improved.

 Improving cooperation between the private and public sectors is a cross-cutting result. In 2009, the Communities Programme continued to use DDCs as a key mechanism for bringing together public and private sector interests. Widespread support for DDCs under the Programme has helped to increase the capacity and effectiveness as well as to refine the scope of DDC activities. A fully functional DDC provides key opportunities for the private and public sector to build mutually beneficial relationships and improve local development.

Result 1.4 Rural residents have greater ownership and improved access to sustainable rural infrastructure.

Building effective policies and governance structures for water infrastructure

 In order to increase the effectiveness of water projects in Tajikistan, UNDP launched a one- year initiative funded by SDC to establish a dialogue involving all key stakeholders to improve the implementation and sustainability of rural drinking water projects. The results of this project represent a large step forward in terms of supporting on-going reforms in the rural water supply and sanitation sector of Tajikistan. A notable result of the project was the creation of a solid platform for stakeholder dialogue resulting from participation in grassroots workshops, knowledge sharing, and horizontal exchange of experiences during and after workshops. A modern management structure for rural water supply and sanitation has been developed and discussed with primary governmental stakeholders and the project helped garner support from key ministries and governmental bodies. Finally, a set of guidelines to improve the implementation of water projects in the country was developed and disseminated, proving a standardized set of procedures, rules and road maps to implement water projects aligned with international standards and based on the local Tajik legislation. The document was developed with the participation of the Ministry of Land Reclamation and Water Resources and hence has the full support of the Government of Tajikistan.

Rehabilitating and Constructing Critical Infrastructure

 Rehabilitating socio-economic infrastructure and reviving public services is an important component of local development. The Zeravshan Valley Initiative project worked with communities to jointly identify priority infrastructure projects, rehabilitate infrastructure, and build the capacity of the private sector (construction firms) to establish a foundation for local development, while improving the ability of communities to participate in their own development. In total, six infrastructure projects including water, education and irrigation- related projects were completed, reaching 1,846 members of target communities.

 The Communities Programme supported the reconstruction of five drinking water supply systems in Isfara, B. Gafurov and J. Rasulov districts in the Ferghana Valley. The Programme facilitated the infrastructure prioritization and selection process with communities, local government, activists, village elders, and the DDC and JRCs. The rehabilitated systems provide safe drinking water to more than 17,000 people. In addition, under a project funded by the Government of Germany to improve environmental security and relations along the Tajik- Kyrgyz border, two irrigation pumps were constructed and two bridges were reconstructed in Isfara district, affecting approximately 78,900 people in border communities. Systems have been handed over to their owners, all who have received training in water system maintenance and operations.

 Water systems were also rehabilitated in the Khatlon region, as part of the TACIS-funded Enhancing Individuals Income and Improving Living Standards in Khatlon project. In total, three water systems were rehabilitated in Yol, Galaba and Baljuvon districts, providing potable water to more than 5,000 residents. The three systems have been handed over to registered owners, all of whom received training in 2008 to ensure proper management and maintenance. In Western Khatlon, two water supply systems have been rehabilitated, with construction works on-going in a third system. The systems will provide access to clean drinking water for nearly 4,000 residents. Finally, two irrigation systems were rehabilitated in the region, improving irrigation to over 2,400 ha of land.

 The Strengthening Early Recovery Capacities in Tajikistan project funded by Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recover (BCPR) was initiated in 2009 and implemented by all five UNDP Communities Programme Area Offices. The project aims to assist local populations recover critical public facilities, improving the food security, livelihoods, income recovery, infrastructure restoration, disaster risk reduction and sanitation. The following key activities were accomplished during 2009: o Ayni AO: Three infrastructure projects were selected, based on a needs assessment and community prioritization process. Projects include the rehabilitation of a school and a rural health centre as well as the procurement of solar energy systems for social infrastructures in two jamoats. In total, 20,562 people benefitted from the projects. o Gharm AO: Nine sub-projects were initiated (one has been completed), to rehabilitate/construct water supply and irrigation systems, road and bridges, micro- hydro power plants, pump stations and a mud-protective facility. The sub-projects will benefit 11,807 people. o Khujand AO: A drinking water supply system in Asht district was rehabilitated, providing access to clean drinking water for nearly 4,000 people. In Asht and Kanibadam districts, solar energy panels were installed, providing 1,000 schoolchildren with electricity during the school day. Seven infrastructure rehabilitation projects were launched in Kanibadam and Asht districts to improve conditions of local schools and medical points, affecting over 25,000 beneficiaries. o Kulyab AO: Three sub-projects were selected by stakeholders including the rehabilitation of a surgical department in Shurobod district which serves 19,000 people, the establishment of a school garden, which was planted with 1900 saplings, reaching 376 people, and the installation of 32 solar battery systems to supply power to social infrastructures and vulnerable households, benefiting 4,083 people o Shaartuz AO: Two quick impact projects have been prioritized for rehabilitation– a bank protection dam and a drinking water system – and will be completed in early 2010. The rehabilitation of the drinking water system will affect a population of more than 20,000 including a district central hospital, six schools and four kindergartens. Repair of the bank protection dam will reduce flood/destruction risks

of a water supply station and irrigation channel, which is used to irrigate more than 1800 ha of land and is used as a main source of drinking.

Redistributing Responsibilities

In 2009, the Communities Programme implemented projects to help improve the lives of people throughout the country through improved governance. The Programme has implemented projects to build the capacity of local and national governments as well as civil society and in the process has directly reached thousands of people. Direct beneficiaries, those who have personally received a service or benefit from projects implemented under the Communities Programme are detailed as follows:

Area: Total Direct Beneficiary (% women)

Jamoat or District Level Capacity Building: 193 (32%) National Level Capacity Building: 30 (19%) Civil Society Organizations Capacity Building: 601 (40%)

TOTAL BENEFICIARIES 824 (30%)

UNDAF Outcome 7: Redistributing Responsibilities

Outcome 2. Local government and communities improve their ability to plan, budget and implement basic services in a participatory manner.

Result 2.1 Officials in local government and communities representatives are better able to plan, budget and manage finances in a participatory manner.

Improving Local Government Capacity through Skills-building Training

 Representatives from three districts were trained as a part of the TACIS-funded Enhancing Individuals Income and Improving Living Standards in Khatlon project. Participants received instruction in approaches to jamoat development including development planning, designing, implementing and monitoring activities, transparency, citizen participation, and resource mobilization. In addition, training focused on jamoat administration was provided to 21 participants in Farkhor and Baljuvon districts to improve strategic planning, prioritization, and general management issues. As a result of the training, three roundtable discussions were held to identify local development priorities and a jamoat-level development strategy to respond to the concerns of communities.

 300 representatives from local and regional authorities, finance, statistic and economic departments, local NGOs and the community received advanced training from the Ministry of Finance Training Centre and a core group of MEDT trainers as part of the UNDP-supported Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project. The training will help officials put in place a new participatory methodology for district planning, new monitoring and evaluation system for local development plans, and a modern development programme budgeting system in 15 pilot districts. The project also helped to support local governments from nine districts to apply the new knowledge and skills acquired for use in drafting local development plans. In total, nine District Development Programmes were elaborated and approved by the Local Councils of Ayni, Panjakent, Kuhistony Mastchoh, Isfara, Konibodom, Rumi, Nurobod, Baljuvon and Khovaling districts with the technical support from the project.

It is anticipated that local councils will become more active in the process of local development budgeting by early 2010.

 Over 180 local specialists from 15 pilot districts participated in advanced computer training workshops provided as part of the Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project to enhance computer literacy among DDC and DDP working group members in creating diagrams, comparative analysis tables and schemes for local plans.

 In 2009, local authorities of Zeravshan Valley improved their understanding of the importance of participatory planning and how to engage civil society and the private sector in local development planning. Under the project, a comprehensive training package was provided to jamoat officials by the Institute of Civil Servants Training, and attended by 215 trainees. Trainees built their capacity to carry out participatory development planning and budgeting, while emphasising the role of civil society in local development. The project also provided IT equipment and technology training all 24 jamoats in Zeravshan valley.

Facilitating Participatory Governance

 75 representatives from local governments in 15 pilot districts of Sughd, Khatlon provinces and within the Districts of Central Subordination participated in three roundtables designed to obtain local feedback on amending the legislation related to improving the local planning and budgeting processes. Participants exchanged ideas regarding current legislative procedures and made recommendations for amendments. Participants’ recommendations were submitted to the respective committee of Majlisi Namoyandagon (Low Chamber of Parliament) for further consideration.

 UNDP, under the Participatory Planning and Budgeting Project, a set of guidelines were developed for the elaboration of DDPs based on the current legislative and other statutory norms, acts and decrees and were publicized in regions covered by the Communities Programme. The guidelines propose a new institutional scheme for DDP development which builds on the work completed within the first 18 months of the Zeravshan Valley Initiative project and describe the planning process and outline roles for participation, the relationships between district planning and sectoral programmes, the levels of budgets, and the role of civil society and the M&E system. Together, these represent approaches which make the DDP process more comprehensive and effective.

Reforming the Budgetary Processes

 The new MEDT methodology for designing and implementing district development programs was tested in nine pilot districts by the UNDP-supported Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project. This methodology proved to be an effective tool to provide a single structure for development programs, a single logical framework for sector analysis, a flexible and transparent monitoring and evaluation system, a clear institutional scheme for the elaboration and implementation of programs, and a financing and budgeting model for the realization of programs.

 Efforts to reform local and regional planning processes culminated in the development of a concept note as part of the UNDP-supported Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project. The proposal was submitted to the MEDT for consideration and comprises short-term and long-term perspectives for introducing reforms in legal, institutional and capacity building spheres to improve planning processes.

 Officials from DDCs, JRCs and jamoat representatives from two districts in Western Khatlon participated in a study to the Isfara DDC as part of the Enhancing Individual Incomes and Improving Living Standards in Khatlon project funded by TACIS. During the trip, participants had the opportunity to learn about the experiences, achievements, and challenges faced by Isfara DDC to apply in their own settings.

Improving Cross-border Governance

 Communication and collaboration of Tajik and Kyrgyz authorities is improving as a result of facilitated dialogue and roundtables conducted as part of the Environment and Security Initiative in Cross Border Areas of Ferghana Valley – Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan project. For example, a memorandum of understanding between three bordering districts in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan was signed to discuss and negotiate issues related to cross border tensions.

 UNDP CP played a key role in building government and civil society capacities to prevent conflict and improve social cohesion as part of the Strengthening Early Recovery Capacities in Tajikistan project funded by BCPR. The Programme completed the majority of the preparatory works required for implemented conflict prevention initiatives including conducting an assessment of potential conflicts along the Tajik-Kyrgyz border to help inform intervention design, developing and conducting a training module and TOT course on conflict prevention, as well as other preparatory and planning activities. 80% of the targeted local authorizes and 20% of the targeted civil society groups have been trained in relevant conflict prevention activities and have raised their awareness on important conflict prevention information.

Result 2.2 Mechanisms are established to inform local policy-makers about poverty indicators, governance capacity and local socioeconomic trends.

Aligning Local and National Poverty Monitoring Indicators

 To ensure consistency and alignment of mechanisms to monitor poverty, key poverty indicators were developed in collaboration with the State Statistic Committee and its local departments as part of the Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project. Local governments in 15 target districts will use the indicators to prioritize local development directions. The indicators have primarily been applied during the set up and monitoring and evaluation plans for local development programmes in target districts.

 Despite the existence of plans such as the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) and National Development Strategy (NDS), district awareness of such strategies and what they actually meant for district-level development was limited. In addition, districts lacked basic skills required for adapting, implementing, and monitoring the strategies in their own communities. In 2009, the Zeravshan Valley Initiative project addressed this need by building the capacity of district level administrators, building awareness, and putting in place the mechanisms needed to adapt PRS/NDS indicators to the local level and to systematically monitor poverty trends at the district level. As a result of the project, district officials from all three target districts are well aware of the key immediate and mid-term expected development indicators and are capable of collecting and analyzing the information and presenting relevant findings and tracking localized poverty indicators.

Putting Data and Monitoring and Evaluation Systems in Place

 As part of the Environment and Security Initiative in Cross Border Areas of Ferghana Valley – Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan project, funded by the Government of Germany, UNDP facilitated recruitment of the field monitors who provide updated information from Isfara and Batken zones to the analyst and then to local officials for decision making purposes. To ensure accurate and consistent information, UNDP arranged special trainings on data collection, analysis and reporting along with other conflict prevention trainings. As UNDP withdrawals from the area, the mechanism of the information flow from the grassroots to higher level officials for decision making has been put in place. The mechanism has showed its viability and if effectively used by the local authorities beyond the project framework it can be further developed and incorporated into other decision making mechanisms.

 The Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project updated 17 databases created at the statistical departments of 15 pilot districts and 2 regions (Sughd and Khatlon) to provide reliable information to be used for planning and monitoring local development plans by local governments and DDCs. In Zeravshan Valley, work on electronic versions of households and alphabetical registry books for 6 pilot jamoats was also completed in 2009. The electronic books have improved the technical capacity of local self-governance and helped facilitate effective reporting and service delivery at the local self-governing level. In addition, 24 jamoat- level databases were also designed in three districts to collect relevant socio-economic data at the local self-governance level. The first hand information will be mainstreamed into the district planning process. Finally, internal management components of the M&E system were introduced in nine local governments that help to track progress and to assess achieved results for local development programs and plans. This simple system enables users to measure the results of activities and programs, to identify difficulties over the course of program realization, and introduce amendments to improve approaches on quarterly basis.

Building Capacity for Budgeting, Planning, and M&E

 Within the UNDP Local and Regional Capacity on Planning and Budgeting Project a series of trainings on monitoring and evaluation of local development programmes was held for 23 economic reforms, statistics, and finance departments, jamoats, JRC and DDC representatives from three target districts. Only 20% of participants were women, as fewer women are involved at the district level for such activities. The skills and knowledge received during the trainings will be used by participants during their participation in the process of monitoring and evaluation of local development plans and poverty indicators identified in the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS).

 Building capacity for budgeting, planning and monitoring and evaluation was a key component of the Improving local governance and localizing MDGs project funded by UNDP. Several accomplishments have been achieved under the project in 2009 including the following: o Capacity trainings on local participatory planning and budgeting were held for 300 local governments, JRC/DDC staff and active community members with technical assistance from the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade (MEDT), the Ministry of Finance (MOF) Training Centre and the Institute for Civil Servant Training. o In-depth training on the introduction of monitoring and evaluation systems for local development programmes was held for 300 economic reforms, statistics, and DDCs representatives from 15 target districts. The skills and knowledge gained during the trainings will be used during participation in monitoring and evaluation of local development plans and poverty indicators identified in Tajikistan’s Poverty Reduction Strategy. o A National Training Center was established and equipped at the State Statistical Committee aimed at providing training programmes on modern data collection and

management for local and regional specialists. In addition, the MOF Training Center was provided with office equipment and furniture to enhance their technical capacity to provide regional and local capacity building workshops. o Local administrations of 15 pilot districts received Internet connections to facilitate information and expertise exchange between local and foreign stakeholders and to raise funds for DDP implementation.

Support to National Poverty Reduction Planning

 UNDP provided support to the design of the new Poverty Reduction Strategy 2010-1012, in close collaboration with the MEDT and with assistance from sectoral ministries. The draft strategy has been submitted to the government and was also presented to donor organizations and state agencies and ministries. Due to political events, there has been a delay in the approval of the strategy. UNDP will continue to provide support to the strategy after it is officially adopted by the Parliament through on-going monitoring and implementation.

Result 2.3 Participatory district planning mechanisms are in place which incorporate the needs of civil society and the private sector and are informed by local poverty indicators.

Improving Participatory Planning

 Overall, the project Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs successfully put in place participatory planning mechanisms, enhanced dialog and partnerships between civil society, the private sector and government, built linkages between district and national level planning, and increased commitment for local development. Furthermore, the plans are linked to district budgets, meaning the implementation of the plans has commenced in January 2009. In addition, the District Development Funds additionally allocated as part of the project extension requires at least 10% of in-cash contributions from each district in addition to in-kind contributions to be made for the implementation of one or two projects of district importance which are incorporated into development plans.

Development Plan Formulation

 Three DDPs were developed and published for Isfara, B. Gafurov and J. Rasulov districts in Sughd. The DDCs of three districts along with 125 local authorities were directly involved in the process of developing the plans. The targets and the indicators set in the DDPs correspond to the national priorities reflecting the needs and opportunities in each district with calculations of the budget required and already covered by local and national budgets.

 Nine working groups were created at the local level to develop local development plans. Working groups are represented by up to 12 local community and local government activists from nine districts. The participatory planning mechanism introduced by the UNDP-supported Improving Local Governance and Localizing MDGs project, facilitated the participation of representatives from civil society institutions, the private sector, local self-governing institutions and local governments. This initiative has helped to enhance the capacity of local stakeholders to better manage local resources in a participatory manner and utilise a new methodology of local planning, all of which have contributed to increase transparency in the local planning decision making process.

Result 2.4 Civil society is better able to engage authorities and contribute resources to local development projects.

Building a Strong Civil Society through Jamoat Resource Centres

 JRCs play a key role in local development; in most jamoats, JRCs are considered to be the only institutions representing civil society organizations. JRCs are the key partners of UNDP and in 2009, with support from the Programme, JRCs facilitated the processes of conducting a needs assessment with participation of all stakeholders. JRCs also helped mobilize communities to implement different community based projects and established close contacts with the private sector, especially labour migrants, in order to mobilize available resources for local development. JRCs have conducted civic awareness campaigns on different topics of primary relevance to communities. JRCs have been actively attracting additional resources from hukumats, the private sector, labour migrants and communities to contribute to the implementation of different priority projects in 2009.

 The JRC Capacity Building project aimed to catalyse the emergence of sustainable development grassroots initiatives on local rural governance by strengthening existing training/consulting resources and provide technical support to the targeted 114 JRCs which were achieving systematic active citizen participation in decision-making, implementation and monitoring processes within their respected communities. The project has helped build the capacity of JRCs to become the development organizations at the local level and in doing so has strengthened the status of civil society at the sub-district level. The project introduced new people-oriented management practices and strengthened capacity to identify and solve local socio-economic problems, while improving skills in technical, socio-economic and financial planning areas, promoting technology for outreach, and increasing involvement and responsiveness in addressing problems. Overall, the project helped improve participation in governance and critical skills sets at the local level required for improving local governance, while laying the foundation to continue building sustainable capacity and promoting a strong civil society in the future. In 2009, 22 trainers received TOTs in M&E and more than 185 consultations were provided for JRCs by local experts on applying M&E tools in daily activities.

 In response to DFID recommendations during the Annual Review Mission (July 2008), UNDP developed a set of criteria to identify the weakest JRCs in the Zeravshan Valley, of which 8 have been targeted. These JRCs were given special attention by UNDP and a local organization “Centre for Development” was contracted to facilitate the capacity building of the eight weakest JRCs. Eight members of selected JRCs improved their capacity to operate in a sustainable way and conducted training courses for 16 members in 2009.

Harnessing Remittances for Local Development

 In 2009, 23 remittance-based sub-projects in eight target jamoats were implemented as part of the Community Development through Employment Creation and Improved Migration Management project funded by the International Labour Organization (ILO). Projects ranged from the construction/rehabilitation of dams, roads and bridges, and water supply and irrigation systems, to micro-hydro power plants and the installation of transformer substations. In total, 8,320 people have benefited from the sub-projects.

Increasing Women’s Ability to Participate

 As a part of the UNDP gender strategy, UNDP contracted JRCs in the 3 districts of the Zeravshan Valley to conduct awareness raising activities to improve socio-economic conditions of women in nearby communities. In total, 310 women have been reached as a part of this activity.

 In the Ferghana Valley, a Women’s Network that was established in 2008 and receives support from UNDP has continued successful operations. The Network, comprised three women-run NGOs has participated in public hearing regarding the DDP formulation and has been able to attract a total of TJS 58,000 for development projects.

Improving Migration Management

The Community Development through Employment Creation and Improved Migration Management project, funded by the International Labour Organization (ILO) and UNDP has implemented several activities to improve the plight of labour migrants in the Rasht Valley. The following key accomplishments were achieved during 2009.

 Close partnerships among stakeholders such as the District Employment and Migration Service, JRCs, trade unions and other concerned agencies were developed as a result of Regional Migration Forums, which provided a venue for organisations to share information and coordinate effective migration management in the Rasht Valley. Prior to these forums, project stakeholders worked individually on migration-related issues in region.

 In addition, the project facilitated the exchange of experiences on effective labour migration management among Tajik and Russian counterparts through a study tour in 2009 for 15 representatives from JRCs, District Employment and Migration Services and trade unions. Participants met with Tajik labour migrants to observe their working conditions, welfare and living standards, and also negotiated with migrant associations and Tajik diasporas to defend labourer’s rights in destination countries. The project also established close contacts between Tajik diasporas and their communities in Rasht valley to encourage investment in local community development.

 Five District Information Centres within JRCs received awareness raising materials related to migration to help keep the public informed about critical information affecting migrants and their families. In addition, five JRC staff members were trained on migration issues and equipped with copy machines to disseminate information materials to migrants.

Overcoming Mountains

In 2009, the Communities Programme implemented projects to help improve the lives of people throughout the country by helping to mitigate the risks from disasters and sustain the natural environment. Over 28,053 people, of whom 3% are women, were direct beneficiaries from awareness raising and capacity building projects implemented by the Programme under this component [33].

UNDAF Outcome 4: Overcoming Mountains

Outcome 3. Environment and Sustainable Energy Management

Result 3.1: Environment and sustainable energy management

Reducing Risks from Disasters

 To reduce the risk of flooding and mudflows which had previously destroyed social infrastructures such as medical points, schools and administrative buildings as well as businesses and houses, a dam was constructed on the Obi-Tira river in Buljivon district as part of the Local and Regional Capacity Building on Planning and Budgeting project funded by UNDP. The dam will help protect nearly 50 homes and infrastructure in a community of nearly 400 people.

Ensuring Environmental Preservation and Security through Increased Awareness and Training

 Under the Environment and Security Initiative in Cross Border Areas of Ferghana Valley – Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan project, UNDP facilitated establishing “Green Patrols” in the bordering communities of Isfara and Batken districts in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan respectively. The Patrols are voluntary organizations consisting mostly of the local youth, who monitor environmental changes in the area and conduct awareness raising campaigns among the local population on issues related to the environment and environmental risks. In addition, the monitors and analysts participated in a study tour to project areas covered under the “Biodiversity Project” in the Gissar Valley to exchange experiences on nature preservation, the environment and security. After returning, field monitors held awareness raising campaigns and produced and disseminated various publications and other information materials.

Facilitating an Enabling Policy Environment for Renewable Energy

 An Energy Task Force, which was established in August 2009 with support from the Scaling Up Support to MDGs in Tajikistan: Focus on Alternative Energy and Water Access project, has become the mechanism to support the development of a policy and regulatory framework for renewable energy access for rural communities in Tajikistan. The Task Force will monitor the preparation, financing and implementation of the project, coordinate with district and Jamoat authorities, and achieve the objectives within the frame of this project. The law on renewable energy systems, which was prepared as a part of the project, was adopted by the government.

3 Overcoming Mountains projects which have implemented micro-finance or infrastructural components have been reported under corresponding sections in the Transforming Livelihoods section. Likewise, beneficiaries for these projects have been reported under the Transforming Livelihoods section to avoid double counting.

IV. Implementation challenges

According to the requirements of UNDP and the project management module, prior to project implementation, risk logs for each of the project implemented by the Communities Programme were established, which consider the potential risks threatening the successful completion of the project. The risks have been divided into several categories, namely environmental, financial, operational, organizational, political, regulatory, security and strategic.

In 2009, the country as a whole was affected by a world economic crisis and as a result, remittances decreased by nearly 50 %4 in the first half of 2009. Short-term consequences included an unforeseen repatriation of labour migrants. In addition, problems with electricity shortages have increased in 2009, compared to years prior. Inefficient and slow action on the part of the government led to high inflation and a decrease in living standards as compared to 2008.

The security situation in the Rasht region was tense for a period due to local fighting of combatants returning from Afghanistan. Projects implemented in this area, namely the ILO-funded migration project were affected, resulting in a need to postpone certain activities.

A detailed list of issues and risks can be found Annex 2.

V. Lessons learned and next steps Lessons learned

In 2009, the Programme drafted a report, the Communities Programme Lessons Learned Report: 2004 – 2009, summarizing key lessons over five years of implementation. The analysis included experiences and lessons learned from the two primary programming areas, the economic development component – Transforming Livelihoods, and the governance component, Redistributing Responsibilities, as well as general lessons regarding implementation and management.

The full report summarizing all lessons learned is available upon request. A review of the most critical lessons follows:

1. BAICs have varying levels of potential for sustainability and ensuring sustainability must be a key activity from the beginning. While the BAICs in some areas have proven to be sustainable, many are heavily dependent on support from donors. Some BAICs were established without proper consideration and plans for building sustainability and depend on donors for salaries and provide services without a fee.

2. Attracting remittances requires a trusted system for transparent and accountable use of funding and mechanisms to build ownership. Projects in Rasht and the Zerafshan Valleys have proven that remittances can be successfully attracted for funding small-scale infrastructure projects if there is a trusted system for transparent and accountable use of funds and if communities are actively involved in the process. In the Zerafshan Valley, when the proper conditions of transparency and accountability were put in place, via the Migrant Household Initiative Groups, the average share of migrants’ contributions to small-scale projects grew from 40% in the first year up to 70% in the third

4 Round Table: The Effect of World Financial Crisis on Labour Migration from Tajikistan. Dushanbe, March 13-14, 2009, pg 118

35/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 year of the project. As well, the volume of the project costs increased from an average of $1,000 to $5,000 per project. Based on these developments, DDCs in Zerafshan will meet with labour migrants’ diasporas/leaders to discuss further potential cooperation schemes in the implementation of development plans.

3. Clear ownership is essential for sustainable operations of the infrastructure projects. Key hindrances to the sustainability of infrastructure are a lack of ownership and insufficient funding for infrastructure operation and maintenance. Following the restructuring of sovkhozes and kolkhozes into collective, family, and individual ‘dehkan’ farms, infrastructural assets such as irrigation and drinking water supply systems were left ownerless and as a result deteriorated to a point of being non-functional.

4. Involving project stakeholders in outsourced project components is a prerequisite for ensuring sustainability. Building local capacity and fostering local ownership for information collection and analysis processes, such as the baseline, capacity mapping, and Citizen Report Card surveys, enhances effectiveness and sustainability by keeping knowledge of the survey methodology and results locally accessible, and by creating an understanding among local stakeholders of the importance of effective monitoring and planning of development interventions. For example, in the Zerafshan Valley, an external service provider, M-Vector from Kyrgyzstan, was contracted to carry out the baseline survey and UNDP built capacity locally by training district hukumats, jamoat administrations, DDCs, JRCs, the Zerafshan Watershed Development Committee, and SRC on survey methodologies, sampling, randomisation and data collection, compilation and analysis. The effectiveness of such capacity building was evident when DDCs were skeptical about the accuracy of some of the findings of the baseline survey and requested they be double-checked. The double- checking of the data, moreover, was only possible because survey data and material remained with SRC and could be easily accessed by local actors. Furthermore, by involving SRC in baseline survey implementation (particularly in the analysis of the data collected), a national-level governmental agency was improved their knowledge, skills, and experience and are now able to replicate this exercise throughout Tajikistan.

5. Capacity building efforts need to be comprehensive, focusing on multiple levels and institutions. To maximise the impact of capacity building programmes, it is essential to target the national and local partnering government institutions who work with jamoats. Experience has shown that capacity gaps exist throughout all levels of government and when working at the local level, it is necessary to build the capacity of related government institutions at multiple levels. For example, the work of jamoats is largely based on the law regarding self-governing bodies. As such, the Programme builds jamoat capacity to ensure it corresponds to the given law.

6. High turnover of staff reduces project effectiveness. Despite intensive efforts for capacity building, a high turnover of staff in various institutions reduces the impact of capacity building activities.

7. JRCs and DDCs need a refined focus to better compliment governmental roles. JRCs and DDCs can effectively complement formal governance structures. However, in some cases, JRCs have been found to duplicate, rather than complement local government responsibilities. The variation between JRC models across UNDP target areas needs to be reconciled and activities should be focused on strengthening JRC capacity for economic development and advocacy to ensure their focus is clear and complementary with the formal government system. At the same time, DDC were found to be ineffective and inactive outside of UNDP target areas.

8. Effective local planning requires national level administrative reforms. UNDP has an active and strong presence at the local level, focusing on implementing activities at the district and sub-district

36/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 level. Operating at these levels has shown that it is nearly impossible to effectively implement new ideas and approaches at the local level, if these approaches are not supported at the national level and especially by the country legislative and normative frameworks.

9. Bottom-up participatory planning should not be limited to the planning stage, but should include the entire management cycle. The introduction of participatory planning related to localizing country strategies is considered to be one of the most significant contributions of CP during the current phase. Though the planning process under the new methodology has continued in targeted districts, it is necessary to strengthen the role of jamoats and jamoat planning in the process. As participatory planning means bringing the ideas from the community level to the district and upper levels, a clear understanding of participatory planning at the jamoat level and its connection to the district level should become one of the capacity building directions in future programmes.

10. Quantity can also matter for gender quality. While all project activities and outputs sought to provide equal opportunities for the participation and benefit of male and female members alike, the involvement of women in the planning and decision-making processes was very low during the first year of project implementation. In response to this challenge, in the Zerafshan Valley, UNDP set quotas for female participation (at least 40% of meeting attendees should be female, and at least one project identified should directly benefit women), microfinance activities (50% female representation amongst loan beneficiaries), JRC membership (50% of JRC members in Ayni and Panjakent, and 33% of JRC members in Kuhistony Mastchoh), and on the JRC management board (at least one woman in each JRC). These quotas helped to increase women’s participation across the project.

11. Weak monitoring and evaluation systems and capacity prevent proper analysis of project impact. Lack of both a unified M&E framework and project-level M&E has prevented the Programme from evaluating progress, implementing mid-course corrections, and measuring the impact of interventions. As a result, the Programme has very little data to demonstrate areas in which it is most effective or to understand how interventions are making an impact. In order to ensure relevant and impactful programming and demonstrate results, UNDP CP has hired M&E consultant to review the past experience and to help the team develop a sound M&E framework that will be an integral part of the new ProDoc, whereas all aspects including current staffing will be reviewed for efficient implementation of the M&E operational plan.

12. Consultancies should be used to build internal capacity. Recent consultancies, apart from doing consultancy work and formulating conceptual documents for the programme, also included training sessions for relevant staff within CP. This was found highly relevant especially for those interventions which are relatively new for the programme. Therefore, UNDP should continuously consider staff capacity building to be an important aspect of international consultant responsibilities.

13. Poor systems and environments for sharing and learning within the Programme reduce overall effectiveness. There are very few mechanisms for sharing lessons, information, or for using colleagues as a resource for collaboration within the Programme. Despite the similarities among the various projects implemented under the framework of the Programme, implementation of nearly identical projects resulted in vastly different outcomes because lessons were not shared from project to project.

Recommendations

Lessons Learned Recommendations 1 BAICs have varying levels of potential for BAICs strategies need to be reconsidered to

sustainability and ensuring sustainability must account for sustainability after grant funding ends. be a key activity from the beginning. At the same time, this strategy should include plans for increasing the professionalism of BAIC services, and consider introducing schemes for joint financing of rural infrastructure projects, providing access to microloans, grants, and providing consulting and information services for rural populations on a fee for service basis. To improve the quality of services, and therefore influence demand and sustainability, isolated BAICs may need to receive extra inputs such as access to information (e.g. using the internet) and technical support and links to more established BAICs. 2 Attracting remittances requires a trusted system Projects with remittance components need to for transparent and accountable use of funding gain the trust of migrant labourers and their and mechanisms to build ownership families by ensuring systems are accountable and transparent and by raising awareness of these matters among the population. 3 Clear ownership is essential for sustainable UNDP has ensured that an owner capable of operations of the infrastructure projects. taking responsibility for the system’s operation and maintenance from both a financial and managerial perspective existed. If the owner was incapable, UNDP organised the necessary training and provided tools and equipment to increase their capacity. It was also found important to put mechanisms such as Water Users Associations to represent the users, to ensure the collection of user fees to cover operation and maintenance costs. 4 Involving project stakeholders in outsourced It is important that even when project project components is a prerequisite for components are outsourced, end-users and ensuring sustainability relevant project stakeholder should be involved so they can continue similar activities in the future. 5 Capacity building efforts need to be Besides working with jamoats, work must also be comprehensive, focusing on multiple levels and done with respective hukumat departments who institutions interact with jamoats. This means that CP needs to conduct comprehensive capacity building programmes for local institutions and consider the potential need for simultaneous capacity building activities aimed at partnering organizations and institutions. 6 High turnover of staff reduces project UNDP should consider turnover as a potential risk effectiveness to projects and implement actions to mitigate this reality. Possible solutions could be shifting from approaches focused on individuals to the approaches focused on the system itself. 7 JRCs and DDCs need a refined focus to better The roles of DDCs should be reconsidered and compliment governmental roles future efforts should be focused on strengthening the capacity of existing local state institutions and simultaneously support existing civil society institutions in the issues of participatory development planning at the district level. In its future interventions, CP should not create DDCs, but should assist in building participatory decision-making through enhancing existing structures.

8 Effective local planning requires national level Taking into consideration lessons learnt from the administrative reforms previous activities, UNDP CP commenced new partnerships with the Parliament with the purpose of analyzing the current legislation and making necessary amendments for more friendly frameworks supporting good governance in the country. This is an important step towards improving the effectiveness of local interventions and additional support should be given to continue this partnership to achieve positive results and ensure laws work to the benefit of local residents. 9 Bottom-up participatory planning should not be As participatory planning means bringing the limited to the planning stage, but should include ideas from the community level to the district and the entire management cycle upper levels, a clear understanding of participatory planning at the jamoat level and its connection to the district level should become one of the capacity building directions in future programmes. 10 While it has been proven worldwide that it is Quantity can also matter for gender quality important to move beyond numbers, it was also observed that increasing the numbers of women in attendance helped them to be heard. UNDP should implement quota systems in all projects to ensure gender progress. 11 Weak monitoring and evaluation systems and . In order to ensure relevant and impactful capacity prevent proper analysis of project programming and demonstrate results, UNDP CP impact has hired M&E consultant to review the past experience and to help the team develop a sound M&E framework that will be an integral part of the new ProDoc, whereas all aspects including current staffing will be reviewed for efficient implementation of the M&E operational plan. 12 Consultancies should be used to build internal UNDP should continuously consider staff capacity capacity building to be an important aspect of international consultant responsibilities and incorporate such activities into TORs. 13 Poor systems and environments for sharing and UNDP should develop mechanisms for Area learning within the Programme reduce overall Offices to share experiences, for documenting effectiveness how and why projects work or fail, and should encourage active collaboration among staff to solve common problems.

VI. Financial status and utilization This section includes the following:

1) A ‘financial status report’ covering all funding donated to the project (core and non-core resources); include reference to all donor contributions.5 The purpose is to ensure that donors can identify, at a glance, how much of their contribution was expended during for the project as a whole, and the year in question.

2) A ‘financial utilization report’, which presents project disbursements vis-à-vis the project latest budget for the year. This summary is presented by a) ATLAS Activity and b) by donor.

Financial status

Table 1: Contribution overview [start date of the project – end date of project]6

Community Development through employment creation and improved migration management, Atlas Code 00059367

CONTRIBUTIONS(USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received ILO 387,449 387,449 0 TOTAL 387,449 387,449 0

Zeravshan Valley Initiatives, Atlas Code 00059542

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received DFID 8,448,187 8,448,187 0 TOTAL 8,448,187 8,448,187 0

Enhanced Individual Incomes and Improved Living Standards in Khatlon, Atlas Code 00059543

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received EC 1,609,482 1,555,998 53,484 (not delivered) TOTAL 1,609,482 1,555,998 53,484

Enhancing Agricultural Governance in Tajikistan, Atlas Code 00059546

5 Please note that the term “Committed” refers to funding which has been obligated by signed agreement, but not necessarily released by the donor. “Received” refers to funding which has already been committed and released by the donor. 6 The “resource overview” can be any kind of chart (a pie chart, for example, would be an effective way of demonstrating a funding gap).

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received CIDA 1,063,560 1,058,340 5,520 (currency exchange loss) TOTAL 1,063,560 1,058,340 5,520

Capacity Development on Energy Sector, Atlas Code 00069304

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received TTF 186000 186000 0 TOTAL 186000 186000 0

Environmental Security Cross Border in Ferghana Valley, Atlas Code 00069189

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received Government of 66,500 66,500 0 German TOTAL 66,500 66,500

Addressing Social Consequences of Transition in Ferghana Valley , Atlas Code 00060182

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received EU 774,692 703,264 71,428 TOTAL 774,692 703,264 71,428

Good Water Governance, Atlas Code 00063128

CONTRIBUTIONS (USD) DONOR NAME CONTRIBUTION BALANCE (USD) Committed Received SDC 102857 82286 20571 TOTAL 102857 82286 20571

Table 2: Funding status (as of the end of the year)

DONOR RECEIVED Expenditure (USD) Expenditures (USD) PROJECT EARMARK AVAILABLE REMAR

prior to Reporting FUNDING (as of 1 Reporting Year BALANCE NAME (USD) year ED (USD) Jan of the 2009) KS Only (USD) (USD) EU (Khatlon) 1,555,998 700,645 100,670 0 0 0 EU (Sughd) 703,264 386,087 388,605 71428 DFID 8,448,187 2,363,400 2,067,895 0 0 0 Government 0 66,500 66,500 0 0 0 of Germany ILO 387,449 225,995 0 0 0 161,454 CIDA 1,058,339 551,704 180,820 0 0 0 PTTF 186,000 0 77,057 108,943 108,943 SDC 82286 18,647 84,210 0 20571 UNDP 3,285,170 2,469,158 3,285,170 0 0 TOTAL 15,773,193 6,651,095 6,476,922 108,943 91,999 108,943

*The Received column in this table should match the figures in the column (of the same title) in the Resource Overview table. **The Earmarked column should specify if any donors have earmarked their funding to a specific activity or other requirement.

Financial utilization

The figures in this section (budget, expenditure, and balance) can refer only to the reporting period (i.e. one year).

Table 3: Annual expenditure by donor [1 January – 31 December 2009]

REMA ACTIVITY (as in ATLAS) BUDGET 2009 EXPENDITURES* DELIVERY RKS* DONORS BALANCE RATE (%) DFID Activity 1: Adequate information 166,536 166,536 0 system

Activity 2: Public services delivery 695,124 695,124 0

Activity 3: Livelihoods and delivery 1,061,008 1,061,008 0 Activity 4: Management (Ayni) 109,532 109,532 0

100% Activity 5: Management (Dushanbe) 35,695 35,695 0

GMS 7 % Subtotal 2,067,895 2,067,895 0 DFID Activity 1. Data collection 9,159 9,159 0 Activity 2. Joint initiatives 8,014 8,014 0 Governme nt of Activity 3 Awareness campaign 49,327 49,327 0 German 100% GMS 7% Subtotal 66,500 66,500 0 GoG TACIS Activity 1: Improved access to skills 60,185 60,185 0 100%

Activity 2.: Access to safe drinking Khujand 247,943 247,943 0 water Activity 3: Strengthened partnership 41,362 41,362 0 Activity 4; Management 39,115 39,115 0 GMS 7% Subtotal TACIS 388,605 388,605 0 Khujand TACIS Activity 1.Agricultural productivity 41,128 41,128 0 Khatlon Activity 2 Marginalized groups 9,594 9,594 0

Activity 3 Access to clean drinking 21,560 21,560 0 water Activity 4 LG support to economic 28,388 28,388 0 growth 100% Activity Management 0 0 0

GMS 7% Subtotal TACIS 100,670 100,670 0 Khatlon Activity 1: Enhanced Farmers’ 958 958 0 capacity Activity 2: Enhanced Farmers’ 96,300 96,300 0 CIDA AGR independence Activity 3: Integrated Farmers’ needs 54,389 54,389 0 100% Activity 4: Farm Debt Resolution 12,548 12,548 0

Activity 5: Management 16,625 16,625 0 GMS 7% Subtotal 180,820 180,820 0 CIDA AGR Activity 1.1 65,056 65,056 0 Activity 1.2 18,190 18,190 0 Activity 1.3 36,487 36,487 0 Activity 2.2 28,890 28,890 0 100% Activity 3.1 18,270 18,270 0 ILO Activity 4 (management) 59,102 59,102 0 GMS 7 % Subtotal 225,995 225,995 0 ILO Activity 1 Capacity Development 83,000 64,727 18,273 Support Activity 2 Policy Development on 25,800 10,479 15,321 energy and water PTTF Activity 3 Strategy Implementation 6,300 1,851 4,449 GMS N/A 70% Subtotal 115,100 77,057 38,043 PTTF Activity 1 Improved coordination and 100 % 27,785 27,785 0 experience sharing Activity 2 Improved governance 28,365 28,365 0 SDC structure Activity 3 Improved implementation 28,060 28,060 0 procedures GMS Subtotal 84210 84,210 0

SDC Subtotal 3,285,170 3,285,170 0 UNDP Total 6,514,965 6,476,922 99 %

Annexes Annex 1: Multi-Annual Work Plan (or RRF/Logframe)

Annex 2: Risk/Issue Logs

Annex 1: Multi-Annual Work Plan (or RRF/Logframe)

Communities Programme 2010 Annual Work Plan

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline, associated indicators and annual List activity results and associated Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Funding Source Budget Amount targets actions Description

Project 1. Improving local governance and localizing MDGs (Project ID: 00059567)

Baseline: Activity Result 1 UNDP 72100-Contractual Activity Result 1: a) Lack of participatory planning and budgeting Local and regional governments are (TRAC2) services – among local and regional governments; better able to plan, budget and companies 100,000 USD b) There is no information system for planning, manage finances in a participatory monitoring and evaluating public policy; manner. 72100-Contractual c) Citizens and civil society are not able to advocate x x x x services – Activity Result 2: on social issues and unwilling to contribute to the Activity 1.1 companies 200,000 USD local development projects; Training on participatory d) The rule of law and good governance is rather budgeting and planning for oblast 72100-Contractual weak and the capacity of parliamentarians and and 15 district services – local councils needs to be improved; companies Activity Result 3: e) Women have poor access to economic, social and Activity 1.2 72100-Contractual 80,000 USD health care services; communities are weak on Capacity building of JRCs and services – gender issues; and the cases of gender-based DDCs on baseline surveys, Jamoat x x x x companies violence are common. Capacity Mapping, accountability 72100-Contractual Activity Result 4: Indicators: mechanisms. services – 150,000 USD a. companies Activity 1.3 1) # of capacity mapping surveys that are conducted Establish 5 DDCs with 5 DDFs 72100-Contractual Activity Result 5: to assess the capacity and assets of local services 99,200 USD governments and communities; Activity 1.4 -companies 2) # of government representatives that are trained Creation of District Development x x x x on new methodology for local participatory Plans in 15 districts Activity Result 6 planning and budgeting; (Support to Project 3) Whether trained government representatives in # x x x x Implementation and of districts are better able to plan, budget and Activity result 2 Monitoring): manage finances when compared with initial data Local and regional governments have x x x x TRAC: 811,718 USD on capacity assessment (measured by the improved information systems for Donor: 294,017 USD mapping survey); planning, monitoring and evaluating Total Activity 6: 4) # of staff members of JRCs and DDCs in # of public policy. 1,105,735 districts trained on baseline surveys, Jamoat Activity 2.1

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And capacitybaseline, mapping associated and indicators accountability and annual mechanism; ListEstablishment activity results of and monitoring associated and 5)targets# of staff members of JRCs and DDCs in # of evaluationactions system at district and Total : districts implementing effective delivery service local levels 1,734,935 USD techniques; 6) # of DDCs established with District Development Activity 2.2 Funds; Training of local officials in 7) # of Developed District Development Plans national PRS monitoring system. correspond to the quality criteria (i.e. that are based on consultations with Community actors; Activity 2.3 are based on the priorities; achievable, etc); Establishment of key poverty 8) # of Developed District Development Plans that indicators for baseline and post- x x x x are implemented. project surveys

Activity 2.4 b. Capacity mapping surveys of local x x x x 1) # of the key poverty indicators for baseline and governments and communities post-project surveys developed; 2) # of Baseline surveys conducted or reviewed; Activity 2.5 3) # of districts that have an information system Preparing Citizens’ Report Cards for monitoring and evaluating public policies; to obtain citizens’ perceptions of 4) # of local officials who receive training on local government, public affairs national PRS monitoring; and service delivery performance 5) The quality of service delivery improvement as x x x x measured by 1st Assessment survey conducted Activity Result 3 through the newly established or improved Citizens and civil society are better (where already exists) Citizen Report Cards able to advocate on social issues, system; engage authorities and contribute 6) # of post-project socio-economic surveys resources to local development x x x x conducted; projects. 7) The quality of service delivery improvement as measured by 2nd Assessment survey conducted Activity 3.1 through the newly established or improved Elaboration of training materials (where already exists) Citizen Report Cards and implementation of trainings system. on conducting of surveys, development planning, mobilizing c. communities (Q1-QIV) 1) # of civil society members and institutions that Activity 3.2 have enhanced their skills and knowledge on Promoting citizens’ access to conducting surveys and analyses, development information through access to the x x x x planning, and mobilizing communities; internet and publication of official 2) The willingness and ability of civil society information (Q1 – QIV) members to increase their contribution x x x x (money, time, labour power, maintenance of Activity Result 4 the infrastructures, other) towards the DDPs, as The capacity of Tajikistan’s Parliament

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline,measured associated by % of DDP indicators budget and contributed annual by andList Local activity councils results at theand district associated and targetscivil society; oblast level are actionsenhanced contributing 3) # of public information events that are to the establishment of the rule of law conducted at district level for distribution of and good governance. x x x x official information and data Activity 4.1 d. Improving the quality of 1) # of Parliamentarians who receive trainings on legislation and making relevant x x x x improving their capacity on effective law- and up-to-date information making available on current legislative 2) # of Parliamentary staff who have improved issues. their capacity to provide high-quality support services to the lawmakers; Activity 4.2 3) # of local Councils members who have improved Improving the capacity of their capacity to better manage service delivery Parliamentarians and upgrade the and contribute for participatory decision- function of both houses of making. Parliament. e. Activity 4.3 1) # of rural women – potential leaders trained and Improving the capacity of Local who become proactive in decision-making councils at district and oblast mechanisms; level to better service delivery. 2) # of female – leaders received income generating and skills-building opportunities, incl. Activity Result 5 vocational skills trainings, mobile consultations, Access of women to economic, social study tours, micro-credits and grants; and health care services enhanced; 3) # of teachers trained on GBV, child rights and and, communities are stronger in reduction of gender stereotypes; gender issues and the cases of gender- 4) # of published articles and radio broadcasts based violence are decreased. aired on non-stereotyped portrayals of women; 5) # of rural women, receiving improved access to Activity 5.1 economic, Health and social services; Promotion of female leadership 6) # of health service providers , received capacity and enhancing participation of building trainings and medical equipment rural women in decision-making

Targets (2010 year) Activity 5.2 a. Provision of access for women to 5) 200 staff members of JRCs and DDCs in 15 income generating and skills- districts are implementing effective delivery building opportunities, including service techniques. vocational skills training, study 8) 15 Developed District Development Plans are tours, micro-credit and implemented. infrastructure grants. b. 3) 15 districts have information systems for Activity 5.3

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline,monitoring associated and evaluation indicators of publicand annual policies; ListReduction activity results of gender and associated stereotypes targets4) 150 local officials received training on national and genderactions inequality/ PRS monitoring; discrimination through 6) 15 post-project socio-economic surveys educational training and public conducted; awareness campaigns. 7) 2nd Assessment survey on the quality of service delivery is conducted through the newly Activity 5.4 established or improved (where already exists) Provision of access to women to the Citizen Report Cards’ system. economic, health and social c. services. 1) 6 public information events conducted at district level for distribution of official information and data. d. 1) 30 Parliamentarians receive trainings on improving their capacity on effective law- making; 2) 50 Parliamentary staff improved their capacity to provide high-quality support services to the lawmakers. e. 5) 20000 of rural women, receiving improved access to economic, Health and social services; 6) 10 health service providers received capacity building trainings and medical equipment.

Project 2. Wider Europe: Aid for Trade for Central Asia, South Caucasus and Western CIS / Component II: Aid for Trade in Central Asia: Support to Economic Development along Trade Corridors (Project ID: 00071794) Baseline: Activity Result 1 Team Leader and Government of 72100- Activity Result 1 1) Lack of export alliances composed by local Capacity building on trade Project Manager Finland Contractual 11,990 USD government institutions and business mainstreaming UNDP Country services – institutions; Activity 1.1 x x x Office companies 2) Lack of price information systems for key Conduction of one UNDP/BRC Advisors 72100- Activity Result 2 commodities; seminar/training targeted to local x x National AfT Teams Contractual 231,540 USD 3) Uneasy access of local producers / processors to public institutions; National services – financial resources; Activity 1.2 Governments companies 4) Lack of knowledge and capacity of Conduction of one UN agencies 72100- Activity Result 3 governmental officers and entrepreneurs seminar/training for business x Other development Contractual 143,885 USD trained to deal with export and business associations, farmers associations partners (if services – development issues; and cooperatives and business relevant) companies 5) Lack of knowledge on full supply chain support institutions; Activity Result 4 strategies or production to produce and to Activity 1.3 x 72100- Not defined yet (will export the key green commodities. Advisory support for the x x x Contractual be defined after establishment of “an export services submission of the

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET Indicators:And baseline, associated indicators and annual Listalliance”. activity results and associated x x x x -companies last report on targets1. Number of export alliances composed by local Activity Result 2actions x x January 5, 2010 government institutions and business Establishing regional export institutions established; promotion centers x Total Project: 387,415 2. Number of price information systems for key Activity 2.1 USD commodities established; Hiring of implementation team; x 3. Number of microfinance schemes established Activity 2.2 x x and number of enterprises receiving a loan; Establishment of a trade export 4. Number of governmental officers and promotion center; x x entrepreneurs trained; Activity 2.3 5. Number of workable and sustainable solutions Gathering of price information for x x (supply chain strategies or production) for selected products/commodities; producing and exporting key green commodities Activity 2.4 originating identified. Deployment of a price information system; Targets (2010 year) Activity 2.5 1) 1 export alliance composed by local government Development of curricula for 3 training institutions and business institutions established modules (SMEs/farmers); (1 – export centre; regular consultation services Activity 2.6 for entrepreneurs); Training of trainers; x 2) A price information systems for key Activity 2.7 x commodities established (3 – electronic boards, Conduction of at least 3 training 1 – SMS Pricing System, 1 – website, 12 – Info courses (SMEs/farmers); Heralds); Activity 2.8 x x 3) 1 microfinance scheme established and at least, Creation of a database of exporting or 3 loans are received by local enterprises; ready to export firms; x x 4) 160 Governmental officers and entrepreneurs Activity 2.9 trained through 8 trainings; Establishments of contacts with sister 5) Workable and sustainable solutions (supply institutions in identified target export chain strategies or production) for producing countries; and exporting key green commodities identified Activity 2.10 (2 laboratory trainings, Bio-cotton technology, 1 Facilitation of an B2B event with at Fair Trade) least enterprises from 2 countries; x x Activity 2.11 Identification of information about the x x x potential impacts of climate change on agricultural commodities and available insurance products. Activity Result 3 x x Expanding SMEs´ access to financial services Activity 3.1 Design of suitable microfinance product(s);

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline, associated indicators and annual ActivityList activity 3.2 results and associated targets Identification of actionsa microfinance service provider through a competitive bid (Microfinance Institution); Activity 3.3 Provision of ad-hoc training for the service provider; Activity 3.4 Provision of microfinance products/services in selected regions of project implementation by the chosen Microfinance Institution. Activity Result 4 Promotion of environmentally friendly technologies and green commodity production Activity 4.1 Mainstream environment considerations in project implementation; Activity 4.2 Identification and customization of workable and sustainable solutions (supply chain strategies, production techniques) for producing and exporting key green commodities originating in the region; Activity 4.3 Establishment of partnerships with environment related projects to scale up the impact. Project 3. Conflict prevention and mitigation in the Fergana Valley (Project ID: 00073381) Baseline: Activity Result 1 UNDP Communities UNDP, 72100- Activity Result 1: 1. Lack of employment opportunities and Strengthening the capacities of the Programme Government of Contractual 53,349 USD lack of access to natural resources in view local authorities and civil society on Isfara district Norway services – of overpopulation of Chorku and Surkh conflict prevention and social authorities companies jamoats. cohesion; x 2. Lack of basic living conditions in Shurab Activity 1.1 72100- town. Establishing the Resettlement x x x x Contractual Activity Result 2: 3. Increasing tensions between the Tajik and Coordination Commission services – 52,661 USD Kyrgyz communities over access to natural Activity 1.2 x x x x companies resources Conducting coordination meetings on monthly basis; x x 72100- Indicators: Activity 1.3 Contractual Activity Result 3: a. # of round tables held and # of priorities

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline,identified associated and indicatorsaddressed; and annual IdentifyingList activity results and and approving associated the x x x services 342,664 USD targetsb. # of jobs created through development of priorities; actions -companies Small Enterprises and support to Activity 1.4 agriculture sector; Providing conflict prevention trainings Total UNDP: 53,137 # of people with access to basic living to the local authorities and civil society USD conditions and # of local authorities representatives; x x trained on conflict prevention Activity 1.5 Total donor: 395,537 Targets (2010 year) Raising the awareness of the local x x USD 1. Resettlement Coordination Commission population through mass campaigns. (RCC) established; Total Project: 448,674 2. At least 7 coordination meetings of the Activity Result 2 x x USD RCC held; Support to income generation activities and job creation for the 3. At least 1 priority identified and approved resettled people; by the RCC; Activity 2.1 x x 4. At least 10 small enterprises supported Supporting small enterprises by creating jobs for at least 100 people and provision of tools, equipment, legal 300 people trained on advanced advice, etc. x x agriculture techniques; Activity 2.2 5. At least 1,000 people have access to basic Providing of advisory extension commodities as water, sewage systems, services, including agricultural inputs to and electricity; farmers; Activity 2.3 6. At least 500 people and 10 local Conducting job fairs together with the authorities representatives have greater District Employment Centre awareness on conflict mitigation and cross border issues Activity Result 3 Improving the living condition of the resettled people. Activity 3.3 Rehabilitating the torn out infrastructure and/or construction of the new ones based on the identified priorities; Activity 3.3 Capacity building of the housing and communal services’ staff members;

Project 4. Rural women empowerment in Central Asia (Project ID: 00062182) Baseline: Activity result 1 UNDP COs, UNDP CP, SDC, Oxfam 72100- Activity Result 1 1) No comparative analysis report of Comparative analysis report of women’s association, Contractual 9,000 USD constraints and opportunities for rural constraints and opportunities for rural other stakeholders services – women’s entrepreneurship and poor women’s entrepreneurship and and partners companies awareness of policy makers and CSOs on Increased awareness of policy-makers 72100-

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline,rural associated women entrepreneurship indicators and annual at regional andList activity CSOs results on and rural associated women Contractual Activity Result 2 targets level entrepreneurshipactions at regional level x services – 98,000 USD 2) Capacity of national government partners Activity 1.1 companies on gender policy and women's organizations Carry out country-specific analyses of 72100- Activity Result 3 on entrepreneurship development is weak value chain of agricultural products, at Contractual (management): Indicators least of two sub sectors. services 26,728 USD 1) Availability of VCA reports -companies 2) # of regional conferences conducted Activity 1.2 Total: Hold national conference and printing 133,728 USD 3) # of beneficiaries with an access to market the comparative analysis report into information Tajik. 4) Availability of policy analysis recommendations/report Activity Result 2 3) # of capacity development programs for Developed capacity of national x x relevant ministries and Women’s government partners on gender policy organizations and gender aspects of x x institutional/organizational 4) # of on-demand consultations delivered and development; Developed capacity of small businesses supported as a result of women's organizations on x x business consultations entrepreneurship development 5) # of proposals to ADB for further funding of Activity 2.1. women initiatives Analysis of the national policies and strategies. Targets (2010 year) x x a. 1) Value Chain Analysis report is available Activity 2.2 x x 2) 1 regional conference conducted Round table at national level. b. 1) One policy analysis report is available 2) at least 7 capacity development programs for Activity 2.3 relevant ministries and Women’s organizations Training on gender and gender x x implemented mainstreaming for MEDT, and DDP 3) at least 6 on-demand consultations delivered staff. and small businesses supported as a result of business consultations 4) at least 3 proposals to ADB for further funding Activity 2.4 of women initiatives submitted At least 90 women’s are trained in Start and Improve Your Business and six women are sent to Kyrgyzstan for study tour. Activity 2.5 At least 6 Women’s business initiatives are supported by end February in six districts (three Rasht valley and three

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline, associated indicators and annual ZerafshanList activity valley). results and associated targets actions Activity 2.6 Involvement of external consultant for facilitating the development of project proposal for ADB consideration.

Project 5. Preparatory Assistance Project for Improving Tajik-Afghan Cross-border Cooperation.

Output : Activity Result 1: Proper programmatic X X X PAP Team TRAC 72100-Contractual 18,000 and financial closure of BOMBAF phase services- A comprehensive project document and a detailed 1 and development of relevant Companies implementation plan to improve cross border BOMBAF phase 2 project document is cooperation along Tajik-Afghan border is developed ensured 71600-Travel 13,500 Targets: Actions: 74200- 2,000 Publications - Programmatic and Financial reports for Border - Prepare all relevant reports; Management Badakhshan Afghanistan (BOMBAF) 71400-Contractual 52,101 project phase 1 prepared and submitted to EC and - Conduct meetings with UNDP CO services- preparatory work for BOMBAF phase 2 is underway respective units to discuss and finalize Individuals the reports; - Full Project Document on improving Tajik-Afghan 74500- 2,000 cross-border cooperation is developed and shared - After all reports are cleared by UNDP Miscellaneous with potential donors CO submit those to EC; Expenses Baseline: - Conduct relevant feasibility study to identify needs for improving border Activity Result 1: -Long interim period between BOMBAF phase1 and management system along Tajik-Afghan USD 87.601 BOMBAF phase 2 border; -Weak cross border cooperation of local communities - Conduct meetings with UNDP CO and and civil society in local governance and EC to discuss draft BOMBAF phase 2 development process along Tajik-Afghan border Project Document and finalize it; - Ensure further resource mobilization for BOMBAF phase 2 from EC and other potential donors; - Conduct resource mobilization activities aimed at identifying other possible donors committed to fund the proposed initiative; - Develop BOMBAF phase 2 Project Document following UNDP and EC standard requirements;

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline, associated indicators and annual List activity results and associated targetsIndicators: actions BOMBAF phase 1 reports (APR, Project narrative and financial) developed BOMBAF phase 2 draft Project Document is developed # of joint meetings with UNDP CO and EC conducted -Activity Submit Result BOMBAF 2: Full Project phase Document 2 Project 72100- 18,000 Documentand implementation to EC after plan approval on improving from Contractual Project Document on cross border cooperation is UNDPcross-border CO is obtained. cooperation formulated services- developed Companies Actions: # of joint meetings with UNDP programmes and 71600-Travel 13,500 government structures - Undertake feasibility study to define the needs for cross border cooperation 74200-Publication 2,000 along Tajik-Afghan border; 71400- 52,101 Related CP outcome: - Examine the regulatory and Contractual managerial framework that regulates National and local levels of government and local services- cooperation in targeted area Individuals self-governing bodies have the capacity to implement - Conduct mapping of relevant on-going democratic governance practices, and effectively and 74500- 2,000 initiatives on both sides of the border; X X PAP Team TRAC strategically plan, finance and implement - Organise consultation/stakeholders Miscellaneous development initiatives in an inclusive and meetings on both side of the border to Expenses participatory manner identify needs and priorities as well as build relations; -Detect advantages and disadvantages of the targeted region in terms of cross Activity Result 2: border cooperation; USD 87.601 - Conduct resource mobilization activities aimed at identifying possible donor funding for proposed initiative; - Develop fully fledged Project Document on improving cross border cooperation along Tajik-Afghan border. TOTAL 175,202 Sub Total funded by donor: 1,210,697 USD Sub Total funded by UNDP: 1,669,257 USD Sub Total funded: 2,879,954 USD 6. Capacity building of self-governing institutions (jamoats) in Tajikistan (Project ID: TBD) Baseline: Activity Result 1 UNDP CP, Partners 72100- Activity Result 1 Capacity of self-governance Contractual 80,000 USD Capacity of self-governing institutions in Tajikistan is institutions in Tajikistan is enhanced services weak Activity 1.1 -companies Joint review of the new law on self x x

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET AndIndicators: baseline, associated indicators and annual governance,List activity results organize and national associated level targets1) Availability of the report summarizing consultationsactions and provide Total: analysis of Tajikistan new law on self- recommendations on further 80,000 USD governance legislation modifications based on 2) Availability of capacity gap assessment Czech experience gained in the field of x x UNDP: report for Jamoats local self-governance 20,000 USD 3) Availability of training materials for Jamoat Activity 1.2 capacity building Conduct capacity gaps assessment of CTF in kind 4) Number of Jamoat representatives trained Jamoats in implementation of the x x contribution: 60,000 Targets (2010 year) new-law on self-governing institutions USD 1) Report summarizing analysis of Tajikistan Activity 1.3 new law on self-governance is submitted Develop training materials together 2) Capacity gap assessment for Jamoats is with the Tajikistan Institute for Civil conducted and relevant report is submitted Servants (ICST) and conduct a ToT for the group of local experts (both from 3) Training materials for Jamoat capacity state and non-state organizations) building is developed 4) At least 20 local representatives are trained

7. Rural Growth Programme in Sughd region of Tajikistan (Project ID: TBD) Output 1. Rural Growth Programme in Sughd region Activity Result 1 UNDP CP, UNDP, DFID 72100-Contractual Activity Result 1 of Tajikistan The RGP inception phase is Partners services – Baseline: completed companies 488,350 USD a) Inception phase for RGP is not completed Activity 1.1 X X 72100-Contractual b) Capacities of local governance actors Selecting districts and sub-districts for services – (particularly at rayon and Jamoat level for local participation in RGP, establishing companies Activity Result 2 development planning) is weak initial contacts with relevant partners. 72100-Contractual c) Producers/farmers and MSMEs do not have full Activity 1.2 X X services – 834,260 USD access to appropriate, professional and Compiling baseline information, companies sustainable business and technical advisory assessing capacities of different 72100-Contractual Activity Result 3 /extension services; actors, vision of government in regard services – 513,963 USD d) Member focused business associations and their to the future role of jamoats and companies apex institutions have weak capacity to serve formulating support packages 72100-Contractual their members and advocate their concerns Activity 1.3 X X services – Activity Result 4 e) District vocational training institutions do not Harmonising concepts and approaches companies 0 USD meet regional, national and international between UNDP and GTZ with regards 72100-Contractual demands for qualified labour to supporting roles of different services – f) MLFs and formal financial institutions do not governance actors in rural economic companies Activity Result 5 satisfy demands of producers/farmers, poor, development and elaborating 72100-Contractual women and MSMEs regarding their access to interaction between different RGP services 0 USD microfinance services components -companies Indicators: Activity 1.4 X X Activity Result 6 a. Conducting a round of meetings and 659,726

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And1) baseline,Availability associated of baseline indicators information and annual for RGP and negotiationsList activity withresults all and relevant associated national targetsrelevant assessments results and sub-nationalactions partners in regard to 2) Existence of RGP partnership framework approaches and plans, MoUs 3) Availability of M&E strategy Activity 1.5 X X Management 4) Availability of inception report with agreed roles Developing criteria for the Trust Fund of partners and fund allocation agreements with Activity 1.6 X 667,161 USD DFID Elaborating activity and monitoring X X plans, and detailed budgets Total: 3,163,460 b. USD 1) Volume of funds utilized by the district and sub- Activity Result 4 district governments for the implementation of Organized member focused business X DFID: 2,263,460 their DPs from: Nat. public budget (incl. MTEF); associations and their apex USD own budget and revenues; non-budgetary funds institutions improved their capacities TRAC: 900,000 USD (incl. voluntary funds from private sector and to serve their members and advocate X X SCOs); international sources their concerns 2) Existence of the system for monitoring economic Activity 4.1 development performance of district and sub- Supporting introduction of various district DPs support schemes for agricultural 3) Availability and diversity of participatory activities by ADFs (agro-tool banks, mechanisms of decision-making and demo plots, field farmer schools, etc.) X X development plans monitoring and budgeting at Activity 4.2 regional, district and jamoat level Supporting BAICs and ADFs to launch 4) Number of rayons and jamoats implementing farmers and entrepreneurs rights and X existing provisions with regards to enhancing obligations awareness campaigns business environment together with the rayon Land and Taxation Dpts, rayon BAs and ADFs c. 1) Clients satisfaction level with advisory/ training Activity Result 6 X services Producers/farmers, poor, women, 2) Replication of practices demonstrated through and MSMEs have access to a variety demo plots and farmer field schools of financial products and services 3) % of clients who pay for advisory/ training available from MLFs and formal X X services financial institutions 4) Number of MSMEs (entrepreneurs and farmers) being served by training/ advisory services Activity 6.1 X 5) Availability of training and re-training system, (GTZ) Improving the links between which regularly upgrades knowledge and skills of farms / MSMEs and their BA s with X X advisors in time before needed in practice credit institutions to tailor financial products according the needs of d. identified target groups 1) Number of proposals of business associations Activity 6.2 for improving the business and investment (GTZ) Jointly with AMFOT developing climate and providing technical support 2) % of association members of the supported packages to MLFs, incl. the two MLFs X X

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET And baseline,associations associated who indicators confirm and that annual services of supportedList activity by resultsUNDP (training,and associated advising, targetsassociations were positive 3) % of increase in regulatory andactions technical base, dues paying members as compared to the base expanding service packages, etc.), year including ToT for AMFOT trainers and 4) % of increased awareness among association training capacities members on their legal business related rights Activity 6.3 and obligations (GTZ) Expending credit portfolio of selected MFIs and supporting them in e. increasing outreach 1) % of enrolment and full costs coverage Activity 6.4 (GTZ) Training and consulting 2) % of increase of people employed from those MLFs/MLOs in the transformation trained through DEC and modular Centres, incl. process into MDOs, including training women of AMFOT's experts and trainers Activity 6.5 f. (GTZ) Establishing a credit impact 1) % of low income households, incl. female headed, M&E system to evaluate the access of accessing micro-credit services (1st loan cycle) target groups, particularly of the low 2) % of MSMEs receiving loans able to employ income groups, and the impact of more people (N of people employed by them, micro-finance services on household incl. women) and enterprise growth Activity 6.6 3) % of MSMEs expanding their businesses, (GTZ) Assisting the APEX MDO Bovari inc. those headed by women va Khamkori in developing its services for MFIs in Sughd region Targets (2010 year) Activity 6.7 a. (GTZ) Introduction of deposit services 1) The baseline is developed; and mobilisation of savings in rural capacity assessments are conducted and support areas of Sughd region, particularly for packages to different level of governments are rural poor and women defined; 2) Approval of relevant government partners is received and approaches are agreed upon 3 ) M&E strategy is elaborated 4) Inception phase is completed and report submitted to the PSC d. 1) At least 50% of association members of the supported associations (farmer members of ADF / entrepreneurs of business associations) confirm that the services of the associations were positive for the development of their business f.

EXPECTED OUTPUTS PLANNED ACTIVITIES TIMEFRAME RESPONSIBLE PARTY PLANNED BUDGET 1)And At baseline, least 40% associated of the benefiting indicators and annual List activity results and associated targets MSMEs confirm that they were actions able to employ additional workers due to the loan with at least 25% being women 2) At least 60% of the benefiting MSMEs confirm that the profit of their businesses increased due to the loan, including 5% headed by women Sub Total UNDP: 920,000 USD Sub Total donor: 2,263,461 USD Sub Total in kind contribution: 60,000 USD Total unfunded: 3,243,461 USD Communities Programme Results and Resources Framework 2010

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. Outcome indicators as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resources Framework: Poverty Reduction and achievements of MDGs: Percentage decrease in poverty and rate of economic growth in the country based on the MDGs and NDS. Good Governance: Degree of inclusiveness, participatory and democratic nature of implemented initiatives Environment and Energy: Degree of compliance of Tajikistan with the international environment conventions. Crises prevention and recovery: Availability of national level government capacity in disaster management and early warning. Health: Prevalence of HIV among high risk groups and incidence rate of TB and malaria. Applicable MYFF Service Line: Partnership Strategy: UNDP SCP, Ministry of Economy, Development and Trade, Ministry of Finance, other relevant line Ministries, Parliament, Strategic Research Centre under the President, Institute for Civil Servants Training, State Statistics Committee, local authorities, civil associations Project title and ID (ATLAS Award ID): Communities Programme Project Document – 2010-2012

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. INTENDED OUTPUTS OUTPUT TARGETS FOR (YEARS) INDICATIVE ACTIVITIES RESPONSIB LE PARTIES INPUTS

Output 1 Targets 2010-2012: Activity results Sub-national level governments have the capacity to a) Development plans are elaborated in a Priority development projects plan, budget and implement development plans and the participatory manner and adopted at least in (infrastructure and non- provision of public services are strengthened (especially 24 Districts (33%) and 64 Jamoats (15%) infrastructure) related to the benefiting poor and women).Baseline: throughout the country. International aid is CP focus areas are funded and provided in the framework of the plans. implemented. a) 7 districts (or 17%) have elaborated DDPs in compliance with the methodology of MEDT. b) District DDPs supported under CP are The ability of local level implemented on average at least 30% with at government to mobilise and b) Sub-national level government has a very limited least 15% of funds being contributed by manage budgetary and non- local revenue base (districts - 5% of budgets on government and community. budgetary funds for DDP average) to invest into infrastructure/ services/ implementation is improved. DDP implementation and lack of skills to mobilise b) Sub-district DPs supported under CP are revenues and non-budgetary resources. implemented on average at least 25% (with at Sub-national level government least 15% being local community or has gained knowledge and c) Public sector remains the only service provider. government contribution) skills and apply innovative Efficiency of provision is low; Lack of skills and approaches to the know-how for enhancing efficiency. No c) At least two innovative models of service implementation of local involvement of private sector, sub-contracting or provision are piloted. Replication by sub- development and provision of cross-municipal cooperation. Innovations in service national level government innovative public services. provision are rare, mainly in urban areas and are approaches to enhancing local development not widely known. and providing public services is taking place Improvements are made to public service provision in CP d) Citizens’ satisfaction with governments’ d) At least 60% of respondents are satisfied focus areas, especially among accountability is low (more precisely to be defined with the level of sub-national government women. in targeted areas by a citizen perception survey in accountability, including at least 30% of relevant CP projects). Only 26% of citizens are women Renewable and sustainable

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. aware of jamoat budgets (08). e) At least 20% of women working in sub- energy use for development of national governments in targeted districts. rural communities in Tajikistan e) 15% of sub-national government employees are is promoted. women f) In targeted border jamoat areas, at least one project linked to disputes around Through implementation of f) Cross-border conflict potential, related to the use infrastructure/ services/ use of resources, is local level interventions, of resources, infrastructure and services is high risk. resolved. At least 50 stakeholders directly improved capacity for Under Rural Economic Development: benefiting from the resolution. supporting sustainable practices for agro-biodiversity g) Citizen perception of business supportive Under rural economic development: in the face of climate change. environment is to be defined in baseline study (Jan UNDP CP, g) In at least in 60% of districts, respondents of Capacity of local government 2010) ISCT, the survey perceive the business environment and community organisations MEDT/MoF h) Approx. 20% on vocational trainees are employed has improved (more than 50% of survey is enhanced to use community locally respondents). environmental learning and involvement as tools for i) Productivity of non-irrigated land is low (baseline is to h) At least 30% of vocational trainees are natural resource management be defined while planning irrigation projects in each employed locally, including 20% women. and poverty reduction. locality) i) Productivity of land is improved by at least Improved access to UNDP CP j) Local communities are not aware of environmental 15% in areas where irrigation was introduced infrastructure and services implications, including climate change, including at least 100 households benefiting. amongst border communities (agro)biodiversity conservation and land degradation, j) At least 30% of targeted farms in project and are not working towards the development of Analysis of innovative areas have skills, knowledge and tools to adaptive strategies and capacities approaches to public service UNDP, enable the adaptation of their current provision in CP focus areas is MoE, ISCT Under Environment and Energy: production practices to current and future conducted, and the results climate risks and variability, k) Environment and energy is not yet systematically (including recommendations) integrated into DDPs. Under environment and energy: are disseminated. UNDP CP, relevant l) Approx. 97% of people have access to state electricity k) At least 70% of targeted districts have Actions sub- supply and 24% of people are currently unsatisfied environment and energy integrated into their 1.1 Supporting national level national

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. with the supply (CRC) (satisfaction level in future DDPs. institutions in providing governmen targeted areas to be defined in baseline by relevant training and advisory t l) People satisfaction with the access and projects). support to sub-national 1.1 USD 181,250 quality of electricity supply increased at least levels on participatory m) Currently very few demonstration small scale projects 5% in targeted areas. development planning, UNDP CP, on alternative renewable sources of energy are m) At least 8 successful demonstration small budgeting and monitoring relevant successful and replicated. scale efficient projects on alternative Ministries 1.2 Providing c-funds to sub- n) Degree of replication of new technologies is very low renewable technologies (incl. small hydro and national level governments solar power, biogas,) are piloted o) Very limited and minimal environmental awareness for financing UNDP CP, and environmental learning initiatives implemented n) At least one case of replication for each implementation of their relevant at the community level. piloted technology is registered development plans sub- priorities and 1.2 USD 2,300,000 p) Climate change is not integrated into DDPs. o) At least 20 pilot projects related to climate national improvement of public change, land degradation and biodiversity governmen Impact on crisis Mitigation and Recovery: services related to the CP conservation and at least 10 info campaigns on t and local focus areas q) Crisis prevention and recovery is not systematically environmental education are carried out partners integrated into DDPs (one of the key NDRM system 1.3 Providing training and p) Climate change adaptation is mainstreamed UNDP CP, recommendations) advisory support to sub- into at least 70% of DDPs in targeted areas. relevant national governments on r) Degree of implementation of DDP projects related to sub- Impact on crises mitigation and recovery: budgetary and non- crisis prevention is low national 1.3 USD 600,000 budgetary resource q) At least 70% of all target districts have governmen s) Number of those benefiting from CP emergency relief mobilisation and integrated crisis prevention and early recovery ts projects was previously 25% of effected households management into DDPs. (mainly public infrastructure projects). UNPD CP 1.4 Providing training to sub- r) At least 30% of DDP projects related to crisis Under Health: national level governments prevention are implemented. and service providers on t) Approx. 23% of population is unsatisfied with access UNDP CP, s) At least 30% of effected households benefit services in the area of to primary health infrastructure (CRC) (satisfaction relevant from contingency projects economic development, 1.4 USD 450,000 level in future targeted areas to be defined in sub-

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. baseline by relevant projects). Under health: environment and energy, national crisis prevention and governmen u) 25% of population are unsatisfied with access t) Access to primary health infrastructure is mitigation, and health. ts (locational distance) to drinking water (CRC) improved for at least 5% of the population in (satisfaction level in future targeted areas to be targeted areas, including at least 5% in border 1.5 Providing technical defined in baseline by relevant projects) communities (at least one facility rehabilitated assistance to sub-national UNDP CP, in the area affected by uranium tailings). level governments on v) Approx. 28% of population is unsatisfied with the relevant introduction of innovative quality of drinking water (CRC) (satisfaction level in u) Access to safe drinking water improved at sub- approaches to public future targeted areas to be defined in baseline by least for 5% of population in targeted areas, national 1.5 USD 2,410,000 service provision, assisting relevant projects). and at least 5% in border communities. governmen in piloting innovations t w) DOTs approach is introduced throughout the country v) Percentage people satisfied with the quality (incl. transaction services but the responsibility for its implementation among of drinking water, including in border for private sector local structures and community involvement is still communities increased at least 5% (incl. 5% development, PPP, inter- low among women). municipal cooperation, etc.) x) No systematic or complete population (100%) w) At least in 20% of communities in targeted coverage of households in malaria epidemic zones jamoats are involved into DOTS 1.6 Piloting demonstration with indoor residual spraying (IRS). implementation projects on renewable technologies (incl. biogas, y) 48% of population demonstrate a positive attitude to x) 100% of coverage of households in malaria hydro and solar power), people living with HIV/AIDS (CSR Stigma and epidemic zones with indoor residual spraying monitoring their impact, Discrimination survey 2008) (IRS) in targeted Jamoats. popularisation of new z) Number of foci (villages infected with malaria) was y) 60% of people (aged 15-49) demonstrate a technologies, through 1.6 USD 5,855,000 247 in 2008. positive attitude to people living with training and information HIV/AIDS. dissemination. aa) No access to clean drinking water and lack of waste management system puts the z) Reduction of the number of foci (villages 1.7 Building capacity and population affected by uranium tailing dumps in infected with malaria) to at least 50 public awareness on targeted communities at a constant risk of outbreak environmental education, aa) At least one system of proper and safe of infectious diseases.

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. bb) The only hospital accessible waste disposal established in the uranium climate change, land to targeted communities affected by uranium tailing affected area. degradation and dumps in Taboshar requires capital repair and biodiversity conservation bb) At least 50 households have improved rehabilitation and lacks basic equipment to diagnose access to save drinking water in areas affected 1.8 Disseminating experiences and treat people. by uranium tailings. and best practices on 1.7 USD 250,000 Indicators innovative approaches to enhancing local a) Number of districts and jamoats with approved DP development and public b) Percentage of district and jamoat DPs implemented, service provision. including local contribution. 1.9 Support resolution of c) Number of innovative models of service provision pending 1.8 USD 250,000 (public-private partnership, co-management of development/service services with user groups; etc.) piloted and replicated provision problems which relate to cross-border d) Percentage of citizens’ positive perception of communities. government’s functional and financial accountability, including among women, in targeted areas. 1.10Supporting implementation of f waste e) Percentage of women working in sub-national disposal system, health governments. care infrastructure and 1.9 USD 675,202 f) Number of projects implemented in border jamoats drinking water system in directed toward cross-border cooperation initiatives the areas affected by the uranium tailings Under Rural Economic Development: 1.10 USD 1,500,000 1.11Supporting sub-national g) Percentage of people with positive perception of level government in business supportive environment in targeted districts implementing gender h) Percentage of vocational training beneficiaries mainstreaming policy employed

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. i) Increased productivity of land through access to irrigation in targeted communities and number of benefiting households. j) Percentage of targeted farms in project areas have 1.11 USD 450,000 skills, knowledge and tools to adapt to climate change Under environment and energy : k) Number of districts with environment and energy integrated into DDPs (incl. linkages made between poverty and environment) l) Percentage increase of people satisfied with access and quality of electricity supply. m) Number of successfully demonstrated small scale efficient projects on alternative renewable energy technologies (incl. Hydro power, solar power, and biogas) n) Number of cases of new technology replication o) Number of public awareness campaigns on environmental education, climate change, land degradation and biodiversity conservation implemented in targeted areas. p) Number of DDPs with climate change adaptation mainstreamed. Impact on Crisis Mitigation and Recovery: q) Number of districts implementing NDRMS

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. recommendations. r) Percentage of implemented DDPs projects related to crisis prevention. s) Number of stakeholders benefiting from contingency projects (projects devised for crises situations) Under Health: t) Percentage of population in targeted Jamoats with improved access to primary health infrastructure, including in border communities. u) Percentage of population in targeted Jamoats with improved access to safe drinking water, including in border communities v) Percentage of people satisfied with the quality of drinking water, including among women and in border communities w) Percentage of targeted communities involved into DOTS implementation in targeted Jamoats x) Percentage coverage of households in malaria epidemic zones with indoor residual spraying (IRS) in targeted Jamoats y) Percentage of population demonstrating a positive attitude to people living with HIV/AIDS. z) Percentage of foci (villages infected with malaria) aa) Number of improved waste management

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. facilities in the areas affected by uranium tailings bb) Number of households with improved access to safe drinking water in the areas affected by uranium tailings

TOTAL OUTPUT1:USD 14,921,452 UNDP: USD 3,730,363.00 DONOR: USD 11,191,089.00 Output 2 Targets 2010-12 Activities results The capacity of private sector and civil society to a) Sustainability index of targeted private Improved organisational contribute to DPs, participate in decision-making, sector organisations, service users and capacity of civil society and partner with government, exercise influence and hold community based organisations is increased at private sector associations at governments accountable are enhanced. least 10% regional and national levels. b) Mechanisms for participation of civil society Private sector is strengthened and private sector are established and used in through improved and Baseline: 100% of targeted district and sub-districts increased access to micro- a) Sustainability indices of organisations of private where development planning is supported finance. sector (ADFs), service users (irrigation and drinking through CP. At least 3 organisations involved in Livelihoods of target water users) and community based organisations each targeted district/jamoat. communities affected by the (mahalla) are to be defined prior to interventions in

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. each targeted locality. c) Membership in private sector associations uranium tailing dumps are and civil society organisations is increased by improved. b) Mechanisms of civil society and private sector at least 15% in targeted areas participation in local decision making were piloted Improved capacity of but are not well established or well known. d) Public awareness of local budgets is supported organisations of civil increased by at least 15% in targeted jamoats society and private sector. c) Approx. 47% of citizens are members of civil society organisations (CRC). e) At least 50% of advised/trained farmers/ Civil society and private sector entrepreneurs (including 20% women) confirm organisations, as well as sub- d) Only some 26% of citizens are aware of Jamoat that services received had a positive impact on national level governments budgets (CRC). their business development. have enhanced and improved UNDP SCP, e) Level of clients’ satisfaction with advisory/ training their experience with partner f) At least 700 people (or at least 100 services is not monitored by most of service mechanisms of participatory governmen households) are benefiting from business providers. decision making. ts, MoA advisory/ training/ intension services, incl. 25% f) Number of people benefiting from business advisory/ women and 15% young people. Increased participation of training/ extension services is poorly monitored by women in private sector and g) At least 55,000 people (first cycle UNDP SCP, service providers. civil society activities. beneficiaries) receive micro-credits in SCP National g) Number of beneficiaries of micro-credit services is to targeted areas, including 35% of women and Activities NGOs be defined in future targeted localities during the 15% of young people. 2.1 Support development of baseline of specific projects. Currently, on average h) At least 3 MLFs are able to introduce at least private sector in rural areas 31% of micro-finance beneficiaries are women. one new service package. and its links to micro-finance 2.1 USD 5,165,000 h) MLFs still have a limited number of service packages and advisory/extension UNDP CP, i) Number of Dehkan farms grew 5% in services with a focus on relevant i) 13% of Dehkan Farms are headed by women in the targeted areas and at least 17% of Dehkan agricultural activities and an sub- country (2007, SSC) farms are headed by women emphasis on women’s national j) Number and % of SMEs expanding their operations j) SMEs receiving micro credit finance are able empowerment and poor governmen and production flow as a result of access to micro- to employ at least 500 additional employees, households. Specifically ts and local credits is not currently monitored by MLFs including 15% employees being women. supporting economic activities SCOs in the areas affected by the

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. k) Communities affected by uranium tailing dumps in k) Small and medium enterprises in targeted uranium tailings targeted communities and have a lack of access to uranium affected areas are able to employ at 2.2 Provide technical assistance UNDP SCP, microfinance provision, do not have adequate least 50 additional employees. (soft and hardware) to private relevant knowledge and skills to start up small scale l) At least one joint cross-border micro-project sector and civil society national businesses implemented in targeted cross-border Jamoats organisations (especially those association l) Limited cross-cultural, cross-border cooperation between civil society and/or private sector working with/ for women and s and apex between society groups. groups and at least 50 stakeholders (groups, rural poor) on a wide spectrum structures 2.2 USD 1,000,000 structures) are directly benefiting. of organisational development, Indicators UNDP CP, provision of services to its relevant a) % increase of sustainability index of organisations of members and advocacy issues civil society targeted private sector (ADFs), service users 2.3 Support different levels of and private (irrigation and drinking water users) and community government in establishing sector based organisations (mahalla) mechanisms of civil society and actors b) % of Districts and Jamoats applying mechanisms of private sector involvement in decision-making facilitated by District and Jamoat decision making related to authorities, which include civil society participation sectoral policies, development and number of representative organisations. strategies, budgeting and monitoring, as well partnership 2.3 USD 400,000 c) % increase of members in targeted private sector and in service provision. civil associations 2.4 Provide technical assistance d) % increase of citizens aware of Jamoat budgets to networking, advocacy and e) % increase of clients satisfied with business other activities of civil society advisory/extension services, incl. among women and private sector at regional (oblast) and national levels. f) Number and % of people (and households) benefiting from business advisory/ training/ intension services, incl. women and youth 2.5 Supporting cross-border g) Number of beneficiaries of the micro-crediting cooperation between civil

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. services, incl. women and youth (including total % of society and private sector 2.4 USD 580,000 target area population). groups, including cross-border trade activities h) Number of MLFs that introduced new service packages to meet the private sector development demands i) Number and % of Dehkan farms headed by women. j) Number of and % increase of jobs generated as a result of the expansion of credited SMEs, including % 2.5 USD 4,500,000 of women employees k) Number of people employed as a result of enhancing income generation activities in the areas affected by uranium tailings. l) Number of cross-cultural and cross-border initiatives of civil society organizations and private sector (cooperation) are taking place and number of stakeholders (groups, organizations, structures) TOTAL OUTPUT 2:USD 11,645,000 TRAC: USD 2,911,250 DONOR: USD 8,733,750

Output 3 Targets 2010-2012: Activity results Policies, reforms, legislative and regulatory frameworks a,c) National methodology for participatory Improved framework

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. which relate to poverty reduction, local governance, aid strategic development planning7, budgeting conditions for development coordination, rural economic development, environment and monitoring for sub-national level is planning, budgeting and and energy, crisis prevention/mitigation, and health are introduced by government and guidelines are monitoring/ information improved. elaborated. management in line with MDGs and PRS. a) Performance targeted budgeting is introduced at least on a pilot basis Improved policy and regulatory Baseline: frameworks in the sectors of b) System of monitoring of development at all a) The methodology of participatory strategic SCP focus. levels in line with PRSP indicators is elaborated development planning is under development by and introduced at least in 24 districts (33%) Improved knowledge, skills and MEDT but is not yet finalised. It aims to be linked to across Tajikistan. technical base of governments sub-district level planning or to public budgetary at sub-national levels related to process. c) Policy related forums are planning, budgeting and established/maintained (and/or technical b) PRSP is not yet linked with sub-national level monitoring. assistance is provided to forums) in the areas development targets and statistical info collection of IWRM, agro-biodiversity, agriculture, Comprehensive analysis for (linking PRSP and statistics collection is currently energy. informed decision making on piloted however in 7 districts). local governance reform is d) Local government functional analysis is c) Mechanisms of aid coordination at the regional and made available conducted. local level are weak. Regional PRS units are Reforms in sectors related to established in two regions but are not yet fully d) Policy recommendations produced for SCP focus areas are advanced functioning. improving contributions of trade to human with the view to improvements UNDP CP, development and poverty reduction. d) Concept of local governance reform does not exist to public policy in Tajikistan. MEDT/MoF yet; functional analysis is planned but is under- d) National IWRM Strategy is elaborated. , SSC Capacity of regional and local resourced. No clearly formulated visions of reforms d) Policy, legal/regulatory and technical government is improved to (structural adjustments; policies, approaches, frameworks related to energy (especially better coordinate foreign aid. working methods) are formulated for the MoA and related to renewable sources and efficiency)

7 Sensitive to the issues of gender, environment and climate change, conflict recovery and prevention

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. MWRLR. are improved Policy dialogue and policy UNDP CP, making is better informed Relevant e) Gender policies and legislation is in place but their d) Policy frameworks related to land through improved linkages to line enforcement and implementation are problematic. management are improved field experiences and lessons ministries There is no practice of mainstreaming gender, climate d) A Law on Protected Areas is available , learned. and change and conflict prevention into policies and agencies strategies. d) Updated Forestry Code is elaborated, Actions UNDP CP, Indicators: d) Policies, regulations, policy related papers 1. Provide technical assistance Public and analysis in other SCP focus areas are to national level institutions in a) Availability of national planning and budgeting Service improved (as opportunities arise). the formulation of policies, methodologies and guidelines. Reform strategies, frameworks, laws e) Gender, climate and conflict prevention are Unit b) Number of districts with established linkages and regulations, mainstreamed where relevant into all policies, 3.1 USD 540,000 between PRS targets and the local development methodologies related to UNDP CP, strategies supported by CP planning process. development planning, Relevant f) At least 5 ministries/or national level budgeting and monitoring/ line c) Availability of policy discussion and experience institutions have improved their capacity in information management in ministries exchange forums in areas of CP focus. implementing new/ updated policies and laws, line with MDGs and PRS. and d) Availability of updated/ new policies/ reform agencies 2. Provide advisory and concepts or recommendations / laws and consultancy support to regulations. national governments in UNDP CP, e) Degree of mainstreaming gender, climate and reviewing/ preparing policies Relevant 3.2 USD 1,800,000 conflict prevention in policies and strategies and regulations related to the ministries sectors of SCP focus (as f) Number and % of ministries and national and opportunities arise). institutions with improved capacities to implement agencies new/ updated policies and laws. 3. Support the Presidential Administration bodies responsible for public service UNDP CP, reform in conducting a local MEDT/MoF

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. government functional , ICST, SSC 3.3 USD 181,250 analysis 4. Provide technical assistance UNDP CP, (legal, advisory support, relevant training) to relevant ministries ministries and state agencies on and sub- updating and implementing 3.4 USD 800,000 national policies, strategies, laws and governmen technical standards related to ts renewable energy and energy efficiency. UNDP CP, Relevant 5. Provide technical assistance ministries in support of reforms of and sectoral ministries related to agencies other CP areas of focus (as opportunities arise 6.Build the capacity of 3.5 USD 631,250 national level institutions for training of government officials at all levels and providing advisory support on participatory development planning, budgeting and 3.6 USD 450,000 monitoring 7. Support government in the enforcement of gender policies and legislation.

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. 8. Provide technical support to establishing a PRS monitoring system (through regional PRS units and the system of 3.7 USD 500,000 statistics collection).

9. Maintain policy dialogue on issues related to poverty 3.8 USD 540,000 reduction, local government, aid coordination, gender and CP sectoral focus areas (rural economic development, environment and energy, crisis prevention and 3.9 USD 181,250 mitigation, health).

TOTAL OUTPUT 3: USD 5,623,750 TRAC: USD 1,405,937.50 DONOR:

Intended Outcomes as stated in the Country Programme Results and Resource Framework: Poverty reduction and economic development programmes are enhanced, with particular focus on the rural poor, women and marginalized people. National and local levels of government have the capacity to implement democratic governance practices, and effectively and strategically plan, finance and implement development initiatives in an inclusive and participatory manner. Decreased risk of natural and man-made hazards to rural and urban livelihoods; infrastructure and recovery mechanisms in place. Improved environmental protection, sustainable natural resources management, and increased access to alternative renewable energy. Sustainable and efficient multi-sectoral response structures are established to halt the spread of HIV-AIDS and TB epidemics and eliminate malaria by 2015 in line with MDGs. USD 4,217,812.50 TOTAL:USD 32,190,202 TRAC: USD 8,047,550 DONOR: USD 24,142,652

Annex 2: Risk Logs

Risk description Management Response Description/Update

Organizational. This risk is becoming critical. Due to the financial and economic crisis the Russian employers reduced The number of labor migrants dramatically decreased due to the economic crisis in Russia and decline of demand to the labor forces. Should start direct contracting with Russian employers for the demanded migration specialties. These steps will also support the sustainability of Modular centre and develop the vocational courses Methodological Training programs including Russian courses should be reviewed in part of their enhancing and improving for Employers in Russia dramatically increased their demand to the quality of professional knowledge and skills of satisfying labor market labor forces Proposal submitted by national women’s associations are of insufficiently high standard. It has been decided to improve the quality of the proposal, before submitting them to grand committee for Staff changes in the implementing and funding agencies weaken coordination activities. revision and final improvement Socio-Economic The technical part of the sub-project is redesigned considering changed prices and will be re-tendered Financial crisis and high inflation rate negatively impacted works. LLC “Roh” rejected implementation of delivery of construction materials for repair of Micro Hydro Power Stations in Langar Jamoat of Kuhistoni Matchoh district Political The presidential campaigns are started in Kyrgyzstan. While UNDP cannot have direct impact to address the There is a risk of high instability in Kyrgyzstan due to presidential elections. Possibility of political upheaval. possible risk, UNDP management follows up on the developments in the country and duly informs the project staff Financial Making advanced purchases of basic food commodities and fuel is recommended to staff. The local There is a risk of internal instability in the country due to increasing inflation, depreciation of the national communities are being advised through the JRCs and the BAICs to purchase basic food commodities and fuel currency and increasing prices for the basic consumption goods. Social-economic UNDP closely collaborates with the local authorities and relevant government and non-government In view of the global financial recession the work permits for the labor migrants in Russia is forecasted to drop structures keeping track of the level of migrants return. Through projects implemented by the UNDP AO jobs by at least 50%, which may result in returning of migrants to their home country, where job opportunities are are being created. In addition consultations to the returnees are being provided through the JRCs and the rather limited. The limited work permits will result in reduced labor migration and dramatically decrease of BAICs in the target areas. remittances, which will have a considerable affect on the national economy of Tajikistan. Moreover, escalation of social tension in the communities is inevitable once the migrants return and do not get income generating opportunities. Political The control of the project management will be undertaken temporarily by JRCs in sub-project sites unless the security The internal escalation might hamper the effective realization of the project. situation is cleared Environmental To mitigate the risk, all the vehicles will be provided with necessary mechanical facilities It is difficult to reach the sub-project sites located in highlands considering the disaster risks frequently occurred in winter and spring Environmental All construction works are scheduled to be completed before winter. Work plans are revised and adjusted. Unfavorable weather conditions (including severe cold temperatures in the winter) may worsen the economic Winterization plan for the UNDP AO prepared, budget allocated and is being implemented. and social life in the target areas and the country as a whole. Last winter has already caused considerable damage and significantly affected the national economy Financial Making advanced purchases of basic food commodities and fuel is recommended to staff. The local There is a risk of internal instability in the country due to increasing inflation, depreciation of the national communities are being advised through the JRCs and the BAICs to purchase basic food commodities and

76/78 UNDP Communities Programme APR 2009 currency and increasing prices for the basic consumption goods. fuel. Social-economic Creation of new jobs by supporting the local production workshops will provide opportunities for the In view of the global financial recession the work permits for the labor migrants in Russia is forecasted to drop unemployed and the migrants to get employment locally. In addition, small loans are provided through the by at least 50%, which may result in returning of migrants to their home country, where job opportunities are MLF “Sughdmicrofin” for cattle breeding, farming and small trade, which also increases the potential for rather limited. The limited work permits will result in reduced labor migration and dramatically decrease of making additional income. remittances, which will have a considerable affect on the national economy of Tajikistan. Moreover, escalation of social tension in the communities is inevitable once the migrants return and do not get income generating opportunities.

Political UNDP will continue lobbying the government that the project is designed to mitigate the problems that may The impact of financial crisis may be significant and affect the political situation in the pilot regions take place due to the crisis Financial Making advanced purchases of basic food commodities and fuel is recommended to staff. The local There is a risk of internal instability in the country due to increasing inflation, depreciation of the national communities are being advised through the JRCs and the BAICs to purchase basic food commodities and fuel currency and increasing prices for the basic consumption goods Social-economic Creation of new jobs by supporting the local production workshops will provide opportunities for the In view of the global financial recession the work permits for the labor migrants in Russia is forecasted to drop unemployed and the migrants to get employment locally. In addition, small loans are provided through the by at least 50%, which may result in returning of migrants to their home country, where job opportunities are MLF “Sughdmicrofin” for cattle breeding, farming and small trade, which also increases the potential for rather limited. The limited work permits will result in reduced labor migration and dramatically decrease of making additional income remittances, which will have a considerable affect on the national economy of Tajikistan. Moreover, escalation of social tension in the communities is inevitable once the migrants return and do not get income generating opportunities. Environmental Conducting additional needs assessments and seeking preventive measures. Possibly make an additional Unfavorable weather conditions (including severe cold temperatures in the winter) may worsen the economic emergency appeal to the international community and prepare to face the forthcoming winter and other and social life in the target areas and the country as a whole. Last winter has already caused considerable weather anomalies. damage and significantly affected the national economy Organizational To mitigate the risk, a workshop should be conducted for project partners to explain early recovery Limited knowledge of ER in the country may cause the delays with the project implementation. interventions. Project staff members took part in a two-day Early Recovery training facilitated by a number of international experts Organizational For reducing risk of delay in sub-projects implementation, procurement and financial procedures should be It is planned to implement a lot of activities (and sub-projects) on the local level within very limited amount of simplified for those sub-projects that require an urgent interference. time. Therefore, there is high risk of delays in the implementation of the ER projects on the local level. Based to planned activities the implementation of three identified ER sub-projects was completed in limited time without any delays. The existing experience of UNDP in implementation of the projects is used to mitigate this risk Organizational For mitigating the risk, it is necessary to strengthen partnership with players on local level through Since the project involves many different players (both at UN and national level) there may be some issues with conducting of meetings. coordination of the activities. The proper coordination at all levels is ensured during the implementation of the project, through existing coordination structures (REACT).

Annex 2: Issue Logs

Issue description Date Occurred Date solved Issues management Problem 28/10/2009 24/11/2009 Amendment to the SLA between UNDP and Ministry of Labour and Social protection of the RT for budget In accordance with increasing of demands for services increasing was signed. Additional USD 24,000 was delivered to Dushanbe Modular centre in compliance provided by Modular Centre and more wider coverage of with Amendment to SLA. unemployed and potential migrants, it is occurred necessity in additional funds for coverage project, administrative and technical expenses Project implementation has been delayed for nearly 2 25/02/2009 30/04/2009 Relevant adjustments were made months due to difficulty of forming the team of field monitors. As a result the other project components are lagging behind Delay of sub-projects implementation in Jamoats Khakimi, 07/06/2009 10/11/2009 In connection with worsening security situation in Tavildara district, 5 sub-projects (rehabilitation of Tavildara, Childara, and Sangvor due to worsening security bridges, construction of micro-hydro power stations and drinking water supply systems) have been situation in Tavildara district postponed temporarily. The sub-project continuation become possible only in the mid of November 2009 after security situation has been stabilized. The funds as second tranche from donor EU are not 30/03/2009 25/05/2009 As agreed with UNDP CO all expenses will be covered from TRAC funds and as soon as second tranche received and all expenses were made from TRAC funds received from EU expenses will be updated accordingly allocated for 2009.

During tendering process, delays occurred on identifying the 01/12/2009 17/12/2009 Taking into consideration the comments of CAP Committee selection criteria has been revised and the Implementing Partner. case titled 309/2009/RFQ/UNDP/PNJ “Delivery of Solar Energy Equipment for social infrastructures in Khurmy and Shing Jamoats of Panjakent district” was re-announced

Some delays took plays in implementation of river bank 01/12/2009 15/12/2009 Whether conditions have changed and the rains have stopped which gradually decreased the water level protection dam due to heavy rains which caused the rise of allowing initiation of works. Broken equipment was repaired by IP. water level and because of IP’s equipment break down.

Project implementation has been delayed for nearly 2 25/02/2009 30/04/2009 The deadlines and activities were revised by the project team. Relevant adjustments were made months due to difficulty of forming the team of field monitors. As a result the other project components are lagging behind