POLS 305.03 Turkish Political Development Department of Political Science and Public

POLS 305.03 Turkish Political Development Department of Political Science and Public Administration Instructor : Ömer Faruk Gençkaya Fall 2004 Time : M 10:40 TH 8:40-10:30 Room: AZ25, T272 Office Hours: M 11:40 TH 10:40-12:30 Room: T 363 e-mail: [email protected] Ext.: 1856 WEB: http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~genckaya/305.02

Course Description: This course provides a general framework for the analysis of Turkish politics since the late nineteenth century up until 1980s with special reference to cultural, social and economic characteristics as well as actors and institutional developments. With a critical approach, it attempts to figure out the factors affecting the continuity and change rather than success and failure in Turkish politics. Course Requirements: There will be one take-home mid-term exam (20 percent) and a take-home final exam (40 percent). Each student will submit a book-review or review of five articles on Turkish politics published either in Turkish or English (30 percent). Participation will also be considered as a component of final grade (10 percent). Monday sessions are reserved for discussion on important political/historical documents with the participation of all class. How to write a book/article review: http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~genckaya/BR.htm For weekly documents: http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/~genckaya/Documents.html

Class Schedule and Readings:

Week I 23 September 2004 General Introduction and A Framework for Analysis Serif Mardin, “Center and Periphery Relations: A Key to Turkish Politics?” Daedalus, Vol. 102 (1973): 169-90. Kemal Karpat, “Stages of Ottoman History,” in Kemal Karpat (ed), The Ottoman State and Its Place in the World History, E.J. Brill: Leiden, 1974. pp. 79-98. DR486.O88

Week II 27-30 September 2004 The Logic of Reform in the Late Ottoman State Discussion Documents: Deed of Alliance (1808 Sened-i Ittifak), Rescript of Gülhane (1839 Tanzimat Fermani), Rescript of Reform (1856 Islahat Fermani) and Land Reform Bill (1858 Arazi Kanunnamesi) Bernard Lewis, “The Ottoman Reform,” in Bernard Lewis, The Emergence of Modern Turkey, London: Oxford University Press, 1961. pp. 75-128. DR 486.O88 Çaglar Keyder, "The Process of Peripheralisation," Çaglar Keyder, State and Class in Turkey, A Study in Capitalist Development, London and New York: Verso, 1987. pp. 7-48. Call Number HC492 .K44 1987

Week III 4-7 October 2004 Constitutional Developments: 1876 and 1908 Experiences Discussion Documents: 1876 and 1908 Ottoman Constitutions Bernard Lewis, “Despotism and Enlightenment” and “Union and Progress,” in Lewis, 1968. pp. 175-238. Çaglar Keyder, "The Young Turk Restoration," in Keyder, 1987. pp. 49-70.

Week IV 11-14 October 2004 Foundations of the Turkish Republic Discussion Documents: Sevres and Lausanne Treaties Metin Heper, “The Ottoman Legacy and Turkish Politics,” Journal of International Affairs, Vol.54 (2000): 63- 83. Ergun Özbudun, “The Nature of the Kemalist Political Regime, in Ali Kazancigil and Ergun Özbudun (eds), Atatürk: Founder of a Modern State, C.Hurst and Co.: London, 1981. pp. 37-56. Call Number DR592.K4A831997 Çaglar Keyder, "Looking for the Missing Bourgeoisie and State and Capital," in Keyder, 1987. pp. 71-116.

Week V 18-21 October 2004 Foundations of the Turkish Republic Discussion Documents: 1921 and 1924 Constitutions Same Readings

Week VI 25-28 October 2004 Foundations of the Turkish Republic Discussion Documents: Three Laic Laws, Law Concerning the Abolishment of the Commissariats for the Sheriat and Evqaf and for the General Staff, Law on the Unification of Education and Law Concerning the Abolishment of the Caliphate and the Banishment of the Members of the Ottoman Imperial Family Same Readings

1 Week VII 1-4 November 2004 Transition to Multi-Party Politics Mid-Term Week Discussion Documents: Declaration of Four, Declaration of July 12 and Marshall Aid Kemal H. Karpat, Turkey's Politics: the Transition to Multi-party System, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959. pp. 137-242. Erik J. Zürcher, The Transition to Democracy, 1945-1950," in Erik J. Zürcher, Turkey: A Modern History, London: I.B. Tauris, 1993. Call Number DR721.N65 1993 pp. 215-228.

Week VIII 8-11 November 2004 The Democrat Party’s Rule (1950-1960) Discussion Document: Press Law 228.Erik J. Zürcher, "The Rule of the Democratic Party, 1950-1960," in Zürcher, 1993. pp. 231-252. Çaglar Keyder, "Populism and Democracy," in Keyder, 1987. pp. 117-140.

Week IX 15-18 November 2003 HOLIDAY/ The 1960 Coup and the 1961 Constitution Discussion Document: 1961 Constitution George Harris, “The Causes of the 1960 Revolution in Turkey,” The Middle East Journal, Vol. 24 (1970): 438- 454. Kemal H. Karpat, "Social Groups and the Political System after 1960," Kemal H. Karpat et al., Social Change and Politics in Turkey: A Structural-Historical Analysis, Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1973. pp. 227-281. Call Number HC407.T9 K37 Çaglar Keyder, "The Political Economy of Import Substituting Industrialisation,” in Keyder, 1987. pp. 141-65.

Week X 22-25 November 2004The 12 March Military Communiqué Discussion Document: 1971 Constitutional Amendments Erik J. Zürcher, "The Second Turkish Republic, 1960-1980," in Zürcher, 1993. pp. 253-291. William Hale, "The 12 March regime, 1971-1973," in William Hale, Turkish Politics and the Military, London and New York: Routledge, 1994. Call Number DR448 .H35 1994. pp. 184-214.

Week XI 29 November- 2 December 2004 Radical Politics-I Erik J. Zürcher, "The Second Turkish Republic, 1960-1980," in Zürcher, 1993. pp. 253-291. Binnaz Toprak, “The Religious Right,” in Irwin C. Schick and Ertu?rul Ahmet Tonak (eds.), Turkey in Transition-New Perspectives, London: Oxford University Press, 1987. pp. 218-235. Call Number DR 590.T84 1987

Week XII 6-9 December 2004 Radical Politics-II Erik J. Zürcher, "The Second Turkish Republic, 1960-1980," in Zürcher, 1993. pp. 253-291. Mehmet Ali Agaogullari, “The Ultranationalist Right,” in Schick and Tonak, 1987. pp. 177-217.

Week XIII 13-16 December 2004 Radical Politics-III Erik J. Zürcher, "The Second Turkish Republic, 1960-1980," in Zürcher, 1993. pp. 253-291. Ahmet Samim, “The Left,” in Schick and Tonak, 1987. pp. 147-176.

Week XIV 20-23 December 2004 Fragmentation, Polarization and Crisis Sabri Sayari, "Turkish party system in transition," Government and Opposition, 1978 (13): 39-57. Ergun Özbudun, "The Turkish Party Sysytem: Institutionalization, Polarization, and Fragmentation," Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 17(April 1981): 228-40. William Hale, "Political collapse and the third military intervention, 1973-1980," in Hale, 1994. pp. 215-245.

Week XV 27-30 December 2004 General Evaluation BOOK REVIEWS DUE FINALS DATE TO BE ANNOUNCED BY THE UNIVERSITY ADMINISTRATION Good Luck!