Phrases, Clauses, And Sentences

Phrases, Clauses, and Sentences

Guided Notes

Prepositional Phrases

- Definition -

A group of words that answer the questions:

1 Prepositions are the words that indicatelocation.

List of Prepositions

about concerning onto above despite on top of according to down out across during out of after except outside against except for over along excepting past along with for regarding among from round apart from in since around in addition to through as in back of throughout as for in case of till at in front of to because of in place of toward before inside under behind in spite of underneath below instead of unlike beneath into until beside like up between near upon beyond next up to but* of with by off within by means of on without

* But is rarely a preposition. When it is used as a preposition, but means the same as except

Prepositions and the nouns that follow create phrases:

The puppy isbeside The puppyon is the the phone. floor. The puppy is in the trashcan.

Examples of prepositional phrases:

I’m at home. at = preposition home = noun

He arrived in time. in = preposition time = noun

A letter came from Richie. from = preposition Richie = noun

Tevis went with me. with = preposition me = pronoun

Directions: Underline the Prepositional Phrase in the sentences below.

1. Sarah drove to the store.

2. Taylor lives in the house on Maple Street.

4 Dependent Clause

- Definition -

Has a subject (S) and a verb (V) but cannot stand on its own as a complete sentence.

Subordinate Conjunctions after once until although provided that when as rather than whenever because since where before so that whereas even if than wherever even though that whether if though while in order that unless why

Relative Pronouns that who whose which whoever whosever whichever whom whomever

5 Examples of dependent clauses:

After Amy sneezed all over the tuna salad, Addy threw it away.

After = subordinate conjunction Amy = subject sneezed = verb

Once Adam smashed the spider, the girls thought he was brave.

Once = subordinate conjunction Adam = subject smashed = verb

REMEMBER

A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentence, it does not provide a complete thought. The reader is left wondering,

Directions: Underline the Dependent Clause in the sentences below.

1. After Marie left school, she went shopping with her mother.

2. Unless we hurry, we will miss the bus.

6 Independent Clause

- Definition - Has a subject (S) and a verb (V) and can stand on its own as a complete sentence.

Examples of independent clauses:

Diane kicked the soda machine . Diane = the subject kicked = the verb

A giant spider has made its home behind the shampoo bottle in Neil's bathroom. Spider = the subject has made = the verb

REMEMBER You must have at least one Independent clause in every sentence

Directions: Underline the Independent Clause in the sentences below.

1. Last Tuesday, Pam began piano lessons.

2. Jim got a puppy for his birthday.

7 Simple Sentence

- Definition -

Contains one independent clause and no dependent clauses