Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Brandeis University The Heller School for Social Policy and Management Master of Arts in Sustainable International Development
143 HS 319f-2 Ethics, Rights and Development Syllabus: Fall (Module 1)
Instructor: Raj Sampath Office: Heller-Brown 157 Phone: 781-736-5338 Email: [email protected] Office hours: by appointment
UNIVERSITY NOTICES
1. If you are a student with a documented disability on record at Brandeis University and wish to have a reasonable accommodation made for you in this class, please see me immediately.
2. You are expected to be honest in all of your academic work. The University policy on academic honesty is distributed annually as section 5 of the Rights and Responsibilities handbook. Instances of alleged dishonesty are subject to possible judicial action. Potential sanctions include failure in the course and suspension from the University. If you have any questions about my expectations, please ask. Academic integrity is central to the mission of educational excellence at Brandeis University. Each student is expected to turn in work completed independently, except when assignments specifically authorize collaborative effort. It is not acceptable to use the words or ideas of another person – be it a world expert or your roommate – without proper acknowledgement of the source. This means you must use footnotes and quotation marks to indicate the source of phrases, sentences, paragraphs or ideas found in published volumes, on the internet, or created by another student. If you are in doubt, you must ask for clarification. ______This course meets Fridays from 2pm to 4:50pm on August 29th, Sept. 5th, 12th and 19th and Oct. 3rd, 10th and 17th. This course is an SID core requirement. The syllabus is subject to change.
COURSE INFORMATION
1 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Course description: This intensive seven week module will provide an introductory framework to handle theoretical and practical questions about ethics, rights and values while developing practical skills to approach ethical dilemmas in the field of development. The seminar is geared primarily for current and future development practitioners and researchers. However, students from other MA/MS programs are more than welcome as we will touch on concepts and themes, which may be transferred to other fields.
This module explores the theoretical and practical perspectives underpinning critical ethics, rights and development for development practitioners, including:
(1) basic applied social-science, including sociological, anthropological, political- economic, historical or philosophical perspectives on ethics and rights and the viability of different methods for sustainable development studies and practice.
(2) how normative frameworks and values influence our views and may unconsciously underlie how we present ideas in ethics, human rights, justice, liberty, equality, freedom and well-being as motivating forces or destabilizing barriers to social transformation and sustainable development.
Readings, written assignments, and discussions are designed to equip participants with an appreciation of the way ethical orientations and rights-based approaches are realized as a material, social and cultural force in global and local political-economic systems to increase sustainable development. At the same time, they will provide analytical tools and references that will allow students to compare and contrast their ideas and experiences as a factor in formal and informal institutional and social community contexts, where advancement of justice may be a force for peace-making, poverty alleviation, environmental protection, gender parity, education, literacy and sustainable development. Simultaneously we will look at complex social structures and situations that inhibit or prohibit development in explicit and implicit (hidden) ways along gendered, class, race and ethnic lines.
Goals and learning outcomes:
Ethical duties, rights and obligations to justify world action to alleviate global poverty Historical considerations of injustices between North– South Relations: colonization to de-colonization to neo-colonization and beyond History of development as a concept and field and its ethical assumptions Rights and Development in international, multilateral institutions and NGOs The Ethics of Charitable Aid- Helping or Hindering? Insider vs. Outsider dilemmas and the viability of participatory approaches Questions of measurement and impact
2 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Ethical dilemmas and rights-based approaches of international NGO development practitioners working in the field Ethical behavior of NGOs and rights issues in relation to local contexts in light of 'failed' states or conflict situations: questions of obligations, entitlements, democracy, governance and accountability Limits of Washington Consensus, Bretton Woods Institutions, Structural Adjustment Programs and purely Neoliberal models of economic growth measured by GDP per capita The relationship between ethics, rights and international law when it comes to fairness and equity in the current international economic and financial system Ethics and rights in gender and development studies and practice Ethics and rights in LGBT and development studies and practice Alternative visions for the direction of human history—the emergence of Global South definitions of ethical values and civilization in contrast to the history of the West from colonization to the end of the Cold War (1500-1989) The early origins of ‘development ethics’ as a field of study and practice and its reconstruction today Global Ethics and Global Justice debates today Conclusion: How do we know if we are doing right or wrong and how can we predict the short-term and long-term consequences of our decision-making and actions as individuals and collective groups given the diverse plurality of cultures, religions, values, societies in the global economy? Who determines what is right and what is wrong when it comes to global poverty eradication? How should we frame the field and practice of ethics and rights in relation to global sustainable development?
Core Competency Statement: This course teaches concepts and skills that have been identified as core competencies for a degree in SID, particularly in regard to 1. Literacy, 4. Contextual analysis and application, and 10. Communication:
Achieving literacy of the ethical underpinnings of different theories and models of development and the history of development approaches; achieving a basic literacy of contemporary discussions on intersections of ethics, rights and development. Ability to analyze contexts of broad socio-economic, political, social and historical structures at the global and local levels and the various ethical assumptions about values that underpin the goals of development ideas and practices. Improving communications that is sensitive to a diversity of ethical perspectives between development agents, local communities, NGOs, and development practitioners about the means and ends of development at the macro-institutional level of global economic and political institutions and the local level of community-driven projects.
Gender Perspective Statement:
3 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Students will learn how to think critically and write about ethical orientations in an inclusive manner that is sensitive to differing gender roles and relations when it comes to development policy formulation while taking into account different value-systems, practices, beliefs and social relations in other cultures, particularly in developing countries. Students will become aware of the effects of their writing, arguments, and communications about ethical, moral and rights issues, which may be received differently from the standpoints of different regions, countries, traditions and groups: the aim is to increase the effectiveness of communicating information, projects and policies that respects diversity. This can lay the ground work for participatory attempts to build consensus on social justice goals to improve the well-being of women throughout the developing world.
Race and Ethnicity Statement: This course examines concepts and themes of applied ethics and rights in sustainable international development. It seeks to understand patterns between basic human biological needs, environments, systems, beliefs, norms, virtues and practices while exploring different political, ethical, legal, moral and multicultural, gendered ways to experience and treat situations of extreme, global poverty and general human suffering. We will be sensitive to global diversity to contextualize an authentic dialogue on universal values vs. cultural relativism when it comes to Western and Eastern, Global North and Global South relations.
Sustainable Development Statement: This intensive seven week module will provide an introductory framework to handle theoretical and practical questions about ethics, rights and values while developing practical skills to approach ethical dilemmas in the field of development. The seminar is geared primarily for current and future development practitioners and researchers. However, students from other MA/MS programs are more than welcome as we will touch on concepts and themes, which may be transferred to other fields.
Course Requirements: 1. Attendance at all sessions. 2. Preparation of all readings. 3. Participation in class discussions. 4. Completion of three weekly exercises, a midterm paper and final paper. Instructions for paper assignments and grading criteria will be handed out in class. 5. Helpfulness to other students and encouragement of collaborative spirit.
Your Grade will be calculated as follows: Class participation (10%) Three short written exercises (20%)- first assignment is due before class for the third week (Sept. 12th) and then for weeks 4 and 5. This will be explained in the first class—short written assignments varying in length from a few lines to a paragraph to a page on the week’s readings. The length is up to you. These are not graded but you need to complete all three to get the full 20% that goes toward your overall grade in the class.
4 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 You can only comment on the one or more of the required readings in weeks 3, 4 and 5. You cannot comment on any of the other week’s readings. midterm paper- 5-6 double-spaced pages (30%) due at the end of the third week- Friday Sept 12th at 11pm. Choose two of the readings in either week 1, 2 or 3 but not readings from two different weeks. Compare and contrast them. See the midterm guidelines sheet. final paper – 7-8 double-spaced pages (40%). Due Date TBD.
CLASS SESSIONS
Description: An opening session will invite participants to share ethics, rights and development questions or perspectives, or any other reasons for enrolling in this particular module.
Readings available on LATTE: Appiah, Kwame Anthony, Cosmpolitanism: Ethics in A World of Strangers (New York: Norton, 2006)
Balakrishnan, Radhika and Diane Elson, eds., Economic Policy and Human Rights (New York: Zed Books, 2011)
Basu, Kaushik and Ravi Kanbur eds., Arguments for a Better World: Essays in Honor of Amartya Sen Vol. 1 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)
Chatterjee, Deen, ed., Ethics of Assistance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004)
Crocker, David, Ethics of Global Development: Agency, Capability, and Deliberative Democracy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008)
Dower, Nigel, “Development and Globalization: The Ethical Challenges” (Michigan State University Lecture, 2005) “Aid, Trade and Development,” in World Ethics: The New Agenda (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998)
Escobar, Arturo, Encountering Development: The Making and Unmaking of the Third World (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995)
Gasper, Des, Ethics of Development (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2004)
5 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Goulet, Dennis, “A New Discipline: Development Ethics.” The International Journal of Socio-Economics (1996)
Horton, Keith and Chris Roche, eds., Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs (London: Springer, 2010)
McNeill, Desmond and Asuncion Lera St. Clair, “Ethics, Human Rights and Global Justice” in Global Poverty, Ethics and Human Rights (London: Routledge, 2009)
Peet, Richard and Elaine Hartwick, Theories of Development (New York: Guilford Press, 1999)
Sachedina, Abdulaziz, Islam and the Challenge of Human Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)
Sen, Amartya, The Idea of Justice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009)
Shiva, Vandana and Maria Miles, Ecofeminism (London: Zed Books, 1993)
Shue, Henry, Basic Rights (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980)
Organizations: International Development Ethics Association Human Development and Capabilities Association Human Rights Watch Amnesty International International Criminal Court International Commission of Jurists Doctors without Borders Oxfam UNHCR Human Rights Council (UN) UN Security Council European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) 1950 –Council of Europe and European Court of Human Rights The Inter-American System- Organization of American States African System - Organization of African Unity – currently African Union
6 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Class Schedule:
Week 1: Introduction to Ethics and Rights as They Relate to Sustainable International Development This session introduces the history of modern ethics and rights as it relates to the history of development beginning with the UN Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. It introduces basic theoretical concepts about what ‘rights’ and ‘ethics’ are and how different development paradigms evolved based on shifting social, political, cultural, economic and institutional priorities of different historical periods.
Required:
Henry Shue, Basic Rights: Subsistence, Affluence and U.S Foreign Policy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980) p. 5-88
Desmond McNeill and Asuncion Lera St. Clair, “Ethics, Human Rights and Global Justice” in Global Poverty, Ethics and Human Rights (London: Routledge, 2009), p. 30- 62
Trevor Parfitt, “Review Essay: Development ethics: means of the means?,” Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 29, No. 134 (2012): 672-681
Recommended (NOT required for this class- for your future reference only):
Asuncion Lera St.Clair, “Global Poverty: Development Ethics Meets Global Justice,” in Amitva Krishna Dutt and Charles Wilbur, eds., New Directions in Development Ethics: Essays in Honor of Denis Goulet (Notre Dame:University of Notre Dame Press, 2010), p. 249-273
World Bank, 2006 World Development Report: Equity and Development (Washington D.C: The World Bank and Oxford University Press, 2006)
Margot Saloman, Global Responsbility for Human Rights: World Poverty and Development of International Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
Amy Gutmann, ed., Michael Ignatieff: Human Rights as Politics and Idolatry (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2001)
James W. Nickel, Making Sense of Human Rights, 2nd Edition (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2007)
A.H. Robertson and J.G. Merrills, Human Rights in the World, 4th ed. (London: Manchester University Press, 1986)
Ronald Dworkin, Taking Rights Seriously (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1977)
7 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Charles Beitz, The Idea of Human Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)
J. Crawford, The Rights of Peoples (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992)
A. Gerwith, Human Rights: Essays on Justification and Applications (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982)
Thomas Pogge, ed., Freedom from Poverty as a Human Right (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
D. Bell and J.-M Coicaud, eds., Ethics in Action: The Ethical Challenges of International Human Rights Nongovernmental Organizations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007)
Jack Donnelly, Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice, 2 nd Edn. (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003) The Concept of Human Rights (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1985)
Joel Feinberg, Rights, Justice and the Bounds of Liberty (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980)
Jeremy Waldron, ed., A Theory of Rights (New York: Oxford University Press, 1984)
James Griffin, On Human Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008)
P. Hayden, ed., The Philosophy of Human Rights (St. Paul, MN: Paragon House, 2001)
Michael J. Perry, The Idea of Human Rights: Four Inquiries (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998)
Richard Rorty, “Human Rights, Rationality and Sentimentality” in S. Shute and S. Hurley, eds., On Human Rights: The Oxford Amnesty Lectures (New York: Basic Books, 1993)
P. Werhane, A. Gini, D. Ozar, eds., Philosophical Issues in Human Rights (New York: Random House, 1986)
Luke Clements and James Young, eds., Human Rights: Changing the Culture (Oxford: Blackwell, 1999)
W. Edmundson, An Introduction to Rights (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004)
Mary Ann Glendon, Rights Talk: The Impoverishment of Political Discourse (New York: Free Press, 1991)
8 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Bob Hepple, ed., Social and Labor Rights in Global Context (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002)
Andrew Kuper, ed., Global Responsibilities: Who Must Deliver on Human Rights (2005)
Paul Gordon Lauren, The Evolution of International Human Rights: Visions Seen (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998)
Rex Martin, A System of Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1993)
Martha Nussbaum, Women and Human Development (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)
D. Reidy and M. Sellers, eds., Universal Human Rights (Blue Ridge Summit, PA: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005)
Mortimer Sellers, ed., The New World Order: Sovereignty, Human Rights and the Self- Determination of Peoples (Oxford: Berg, 1996)
L. W. Sumner, The Moral Foundation of Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987)
Cass Sustein, After the Rights Revolution: Reconceiving the Regulatory State (2002)
Brian Tierney, The Idea of Natural Rights (Grand Rapids: William B. Eedermans, 1997)
Richard Tuck, "The Dangers of Natural Rights," Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy, 20 (1997):
Carl Wellman, The Proliferation of Rights: Moral Progress or Empty Rhetoric (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999)
John Simmons, Justification and Legitimacy: Essay on Rights and Obligations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Peter Jones, “International Human Rights: Philosophical or Political” in Simone Caney, David George, and Peter Jones, eds., National Rights, International Organizations (Boulder: Westerview, 1996)
Week 2: Ethical Obligations and Human Rights to Eradicate Poverty based on a Global Commitment to World Action by Nation-States This session introduces the topic of ethics and rights of development within macro- institutions of nation-states and global economic institutions within international relations and the global political-economy. It introduces the topic of micro-institutions, or the role of NGOs in development, and how ethical considerations play a part in their functions, intentions, goals and outcomes within the global political-economy.
9 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Required:
Keith Horton and Chris Roche, “Introduction,” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs (London: Springer, 2010), p. 1- 12
Paul Ronalds, “Ethical Obligations to the Poor in a World of Nation States,” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs, p. 13-38
Kiernan Donaghue, “Human Rights, Development INGOs and Priorities for Action,” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs, p. 39-64
Recommended:
John Rawls, The Law of Peoples (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999)
Rex Martin and David Reidy, eds., Rawls’ Law of Peoples: A Realistic Utopia? (Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2006)
Charles Beitz, Political Theory and International Relations (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1977)
Arjun Sengupta, “Poverty Eradication and Human Rights” in Thomas Pogge, ed., Freedom from Poverty as a Human Right (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
Michael Walton, “UN Human Development Research Paper, Capitalism, the State, and the underlying drivers of human development” (2010/09)
The World Bank, The World Bank Report (Washington D.C.: The World Bank, 2012)
Francis Fukuyama, “The Missing Dimensions of Stateness” in State Building: Governance and World Order in the 21 st Century (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2004)
Joseph S. Nye Jr. and John D. Donahue, eds., Governance in a Globalizing World (Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press, 2000)
Dani Rodrik, One Economics, Many Recipes: Globalization, Institutions and Economic Growth (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2008)
Jagdish Bhagwati, In Defense of Globalization (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007) Peter Unger, Living High and Letting Die: Our Illusion of Innocence (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996)
10 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Wolfgang Sachs, ed., The Development Dictionary (London: Zed Books, 1992)
M.P. Cowen and R.W. Shenton, “The Invention of Development” in Jonathan Crush, ed., Power of Development (London: Routledge, 1995), pgs. 27-43
Week 3: Measurement and Impact: Ethical Dilemmas of Development Practitioners and Development NGOs This session picks up on the topic of micro-institutions of development NGOs and how ethics and rights issues arise for both individual development practitioners and organizations and the communities within which they work across different types of organizations and different cultural and regional developing world contexts. It also introduces the new and exciting topic of whether ethical behavior can be measured to optimize development outcomes.
Required:
Chris Roche, “The Seeming Simplicity of Measurement” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs, p. 119-146
Paul Anand, Cristina Santos, Ron Smith, “The Measurement of Capabilities,” in Kaushik Basu and Ravi Kanbur, eds., Arguments for a Better World: Essays in Honor of Amartya Sen, Vol 1: Ethics, Welfare, and Measurement (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 283-310
Conny Lenneberg, “To Respect or Not to Respect…Ethical Dilemmas of INGO Development Practitioners” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs, p. 193-206
Linda Kelly, “Ethical Behavior in Non-Governmental Organizations,” in Ethical Questions and International NGOs: An Exchange between Philosophers and NGOs, p. 207-216
Weekly writing assignment to be uploaded on Latte: a paragraph to a page of questions or commentaries on one or more of the required readings for this week. Length of amount written is your choice.
Recommended:
Anne-Meike Fechter, “’Living Well’ while ‘Doing Good?’ (Missing) debates on altruism and professionalism in aid work” The Personal and the Professional in Aid Work. Spec. Issue of Third World Quarterly 33:8 (2012):
John Weiss, “The Aid Paradigm for Poverty Reduction: Does it Make Sense?” Development Policy Review 26:4 (2008): 407-427
11 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Angela Eikenberry, “Refusing the Market: A Democratic Discourse for Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations,” Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 31:7 (2009): 582- 596
Keith Horton, “An Appeal to Aid Specialists,” Development Policy Review 28:1 (2010): 27-42 Craig Burnside and David Dollar, “Aid, Policies and Growth,” The American Economic Review. 90:4 (2000):847-868
World Bank, Assessing Aid: What Works, What Doesn’t, and Why (Washington D.C.: Oxford University Press, 1998)
Shantayanan Deverajan and Vinaya Swaroop, “The implications of foreign aid fungibility for development assistance,” Volume I. Policy Research Working Paper No. WPS 2022 (Washington, D.C.: World Bank, 2000)
Mick Moore, “Death Without Taxes: democracy, state capacity and aid dependence in the fourth world,” in
M. Robinson and G. White, eds., The Democratic Developmental State: Politics and Institutional Design: Oxford Studies in Democratization (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998)
Tony Killick with Ramani Gunatilaka and Ana Marr, Aid and the Political Economy of Policy Change (London ; New York : Routledge, 1998)
William Easterly, “Can Foreign Aid Buy Growth?” The Journal of Economic Perspectives 17:3(2003):23-48
Alison Van Rooy, ed., Civil Society and the Aid Industry (London: Earthscan Publications, Ltd: 2000)
Thomas Nagel, "Poverty and Food: Why Charity is Not Enough" in Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds., The Responsibility of the United States in the Life and Death Choices (New York: Free Press, 1977)
R. Glenn Hubbard and William Duggan, The Aid Trap: The Hard Truths About Ending Poverty (New York:Columbia Business School Publishing, 2009)
AM Fechter & H Hindman, Inside the Everyday Lives of Development Workers: The Futures and Challenges of Aidland (Sterling, VA: Kumarian Press, 2011)
N. Long, Development Sociology: Actor Perspectives (London: Routledge, 2001)
R. Riddell, Foreign Aid Reconsidered (London: James Currey, 1987)
12 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 A Jaggar, “A Feminist Critique of the Alleged Southern Debt,” Hypatia 17:4 (2002a): 119-42 “Vulnerable Women and Neo-Liberalization Globalization: Debt Burdens Undermine Women’s Health in the Global South,” Theoretical Medicine and Bioethics 23:6 (2002b): 425-40
J. Silliman, "Expanding Civil Society, Shrinking Political Spaces: The Case of Women’s Nongovernmental Organizations" in J. Silliman and Y. King, eds., Dangerous Intersections: Feminist Perspectives on Population, Environment and Development (Cambridge: South End Press, 1999)
N. Yuval-Davis, Gender and Nation (London: Sage Publications, 1997)
Week 4: Ethical Critiques of 20th Century Theories of Development and Reimagining the Discipline of “Development Ethics” and Questions of Gender, Sexuality, Diversity and Global Justice Having surveyed the current landscape of ethics and rights at the macro and micro- levels of development in the previous sessions, this session returns to some of the most provocative and critical voices since the 1960s who questioned the very foundations of development: they dismantled how, why, and when it was born during the mid-20th century as an ‘industry,’ ‘agenda,’ and ‘platform’ within the global economy. It also critically questions how ethics and rights have come to shape mainstream perspectives on gender and development. These authors performed an ethical critique of the assumptions of development and its history given the legacy of colonialism, decolonialization, independence, neocolonialism and post-colonialism.
Required:
Franz Fanon, “Concerning Violence” in The Wretched of the Earth (originally published in French in 1963), p. 35-95
Chandra Mohanty, “Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial Discourses,” Feminist Review (1984): 333-358
Arturo Escobar, Encountering Development (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1995), Chapters 1 and 2
Dennis Goulet, “A New Discipline: Development Ethics,” in International Journal of Socio-Economics (1996), pgs. 1-22
Allison M. Jaggar, “Saving Amina: Global Justice for Women and Intercultural Dialogue,” in Thomas Pogge and Keith Horton, eds., Global Ethics: Seminal Essays (2008)
13 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Ashley Currier, “Behind the Mask: developing LGBTI visibility in Africa”,” in Amy Lind, Development, Sexual Rights and Global Governance (London: Routledge, 2010), pgs. 155-158
Weekly writing assignment to be uploaded on Latte: a paragraph to a page of questions or commentaries on one or more of the required readings for this week. Length of amount written is your choice.
Recommended:
S. Charusheela, “Women’s choices and the ethnocentrism/relativism dilemma” in S. Cullenberg, J. Amariglio and D. Ruccio, eds., Postmodernism, Economics and Knowledge (New York: Routledge, 2001)
Wendy Harcourt, Body Politics in Development: Critical Debates in Gender and Development (London: Zed Books, 2009)
Nalini Visvanathan, Lynn Duggan, Nan Wiegersma and Laurie Nisonoff, eds., The Women, Gender and Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 2011)
Susie Jolly, “Why is development work so straight? Heteronormativity in the international development industry,” Development in Practice, 21:1 (2011): 18-28
Richard Peet and Elaine Hartwick, “Feminist Theories of Development” and “Critical Modernism, Radical Democracy, Development” in Theories of Development (New York: The Guilford Press, 1999) p. 163-194 and 195-210
E. Boserup, Women’s Role in Economic Development (New York: St. Martin Press, 1970)
G. Sen and C. Grown, Development Crises and Alternative Visions: Third World Women's Perspectives (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1987)
N. Kabeer, Reversed Realities: Gender Hierarchies in Development Thought (London: Verso Press, 1994)
R. Dixon-Mueller, "Women in Agriculture: Counting the Labor Force in Developing Countries," in M.M. Fonow and J.A. Cook, eds., Beyond Methodology: Feminist Scholarship in Lived Research (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1991)
Susan Okin, “Poverty, Well-Being, and Gender: What Counts, Who’s Heard?”, Philosophy and Public Affairs 31:3 (2003): 280-316
Uma Narayan- "Essence of Culture and a Sense of History: A Feminist Critique of Cultural Essentialism" in U. Narayan and S. Harding, eds., Decentering the Center:
14 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Philosophy for a Multicultural, Postcolonial and Feminist World (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2000)
Peter Berger, Pyramids of Sacrifice: Political Ethics and Social Change (1974)
Reginold Herbold Green and Hans W. Singer, "Toward a Rational and Equitable New International Economic Order: A Case for Negotiated Structural Changes," World Development 3, no. 6 (1975): 427-44
Lars Osberg, ed., Economic Inequality and Poverty: International Perspectives (New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1991)
Amitavi Krishna Dutt and Charles K. Wilber, “Development Ethics and Development Economics” in Amitavi Krishna Dutt and Charles K. Wilber, eds., New Directions in Development Ethics: Essays in Honor of Denis Goulet (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, 2010)
Denis Goulet, Development Ethics at Work: Explorations- 1960-2002 (New York: Routledge, 2006)
Sara Tisch and Michael Wallace, eds., Dilemmas of Development Assistance: The What, Why and Who of Foreign Aid (Boulder: Westview, 1994)
G. Hancock, Lords of Poverty: The Power, Prestige, and Corruption of the International Aid Business (Boston, MA: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1989)
Richard Norgaard, Development Betrayed: The End of Progress and a Coevolutionary Revisioning of the Future (London: Routledge, 1994)
R. Cook, ed., Human Rights of Women: National and International Perspectives (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1994)
William Easterly, The White Man’s Burden: Why the West’s Efforts to Aid the Rest Have Done So Much Ill and So Little Good (New York: Penguin, 2006)
Dambisa Moyo, Dead Aid: Why Aid Is Not Working and How There is a Better Way for Africa (New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2009)
Gilbert Rist, “Development as a Buzzword,” Development in Practice 17:4-5 (2007): 485-491
J. Cowan, M. Dembour and R. Wilson, eds., Culture and Rights: Anthropological Perspectives (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Jack Donnelly, “Cultural Relativism and Universal Human Rights,” Human Rights Quarterly 6 (1984)
15 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
S. Merry, Human Rights and Gender Violence: Translating International Law into Local Justice (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2005)
G. Binion, “Human Rights: A Feminist Perspective,” Human Rights Quarterly 17 (1995): 509-26
W. Talbott, Which Rights Should Be Universal (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)
G. Bolton, Aid and Other Dirty Business: How Good Intentions Have Failed the World’s Poor (London: Ebury Press, 2008)
L. Polman, The Crisis Caravan: What’s Wrong with Humanitarian Aid? (New York: Metropolitan Books, 2010)
*Watch the film- The End of Poverty (2008): it includes interviews with several notable scholars and economists critical of Neoliberal models of free-market growth and the Washington Consensus. Available on youtube. *Watch the film- Life and Debt (2001): this is a critique of the IMF strategies for structural adjustment programs in Jamaica
Week 5: Ethics, Rights and Development- New Perspectives in the 21st Century This session introduces contemporary novel and systematic ways to frame ‘development ethics’ as a specialized field in its own right. It tries to respond to the critiques of development made by the previous authors of the 20th century, pick up the pieces and begin the hard work of rethinking and reconstructing what development could mean as an ethical enterprise: one that takes into account the self-determination of developing world countries and non-Western traditions and their values. How can development be ethical in a global capitalist economic system while owning up to the failures of past development projects and paradigms? Should global economic institutions--responsible for global development today—be reformed to stop causing environmental and health degradation as they are linked to increasing poverty worldwide? These are some of the major issues explored by the authors.
Required:
David Crocker, “Part I: Development Ethics,” in Ethics of Global Development: Agency, Capability, and Deliberative Democracy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008), pgs. 33-66
Des Gasper, “What is the Ethics of Development?” and the “Meaning of Development” in The Ethics of Development (Edinburgh: Edingburgh University Press, 2004) pgs. 1-48
Deen Chatterjee, ed., The Ethics of Assistance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004), pgs. 1-34 (Chatterjee, Singer) and pgs. 260-288 (Pogge)
16 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Nigel Dower, “Development and Globalization: The Ethical Challenges,” (Michigan State University Lecture, 2005), pgs. 1-15 “Aid, Trade and Development” in World Ethics: The New Agenda (Edinburg: Edinburg University Press, 1998), pgs. 148- 169
Weekly writing assignment to be uploaded on Latte: a paragraph to a page of questions or commentaries on one or more of the required readings for this week. Length of amount written is your choice.
Recommended:
Amitavi Krishna Dutt and Charles K. Wilber, eds., New Directions in Development Ethics: Essays in Honor of Denis Goulet (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame, 2010)
David Ellerman, Helping People Help Themselves: From the World Bank to an Alternative Philosophy of Development Assistance (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2005)
Des Gasper & Asuncion Lera St Clair, eds., Development Ethics (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2010)
Didier Jacobs, “Democratizing Global Economic Governance” in After Neoliberalism: Economic Policies that Work for the Poor (Washington DC: New Rules for Global Finance Coalition, 2002), pgs. 45-63
Mark Malloch Brown, “Democratic Governance: Towards A Framework for Sustainable Peace,” Global Governance 9 (2003): 141-146
Paul Farmer, Pathologies of Power: Health, Human Rights, and the New War on the Poor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2003)
Abhijit V. Banerjee and Dilip Mookherjee, Understanding Poverty (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006)
Peter Singer, One World: The Ethics of Globalization (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2002)
Joseph Stiglitz, Making Globalization Work (New York: W.W. Norton, 2007)
Hans Kung, A Global Ethic for Global Politics and Global Economics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998)
R. Chambers, Ideas for Development (London: Earthscan 2005)
17 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 C. Schwenke, Reclaiming Value in International Development: The Moral Dimensions of Development Policy and Practice in Poor Countries (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2008)
Paul Thompson, The Ethics of Aid and Trade (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,)
David Crocker and Toby Linden, eds., Ethics of Consumption: The Good Life, Justice, and Global Responsibility (Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 1998)
Thomas Pogge and Follesdal, eds., Real World Justice: Grounds, Principles, Human Rights and Social Institutions (Dordrecht: Springer, 2005)
Debra Satz, “What Do We Owe the Global Power,” Ethics and International Affairs, 19: 1 (2005): 47-54
Allison M. Jaggar, ed., Thomas Pogge and His Critics (Cambridge: Polity, 2010)
Simon Caney, Justice Beyond Borders: A Global Political Theory (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005)
Week 6: Sen on Ethics, Rights, Development and Capabilities This session introduces the impact of the economist and philosopher Amartya Sen, particularly for being among the first to bring ethics back into the discussion of economics. Sen also pioneered the capabilities approach and was the co-architect of the UN Human Development Index, which looks beyond mere income analysis to measure ‘well-being’ in a holistic way. We will look at several generations of scholars who adapted and extended human development and capabilities in a new ways while tackling profound questions of global economic and social injustice today.
Required:
Amartya Sen, “Human Rights and Global Imperatives” in The Idea of Justice (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2009), pgs. 355-387
John Broome, “Why Economics Needs Ethical Theory,” in Arguments for a Better World, pgs. 8-14
Deen Chatterjee, ed., The Ethics of Assistance, pgs. 147-176 (Nussbaum), pgs. 193- 216 (Beitz)
Polly Vizard, Sakiko Fukuda-Parr and Diane Elson, “Introduction: The Capability Approach and Human Rights.” On Human Rights and Capabilities. Spec. issue of Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 12.1 (2011): 1-22
18 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Sanjay G. Reddy, “Economics and Human Rights: A Non-conversation.” On Human Rights and Capabilities. Spec. issue of Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 12.1 (2011): 63-72
Recommended:
Bard-Anders Andreassen and Stephen Marks, eds., Development as a Human Right: Legal, Political and Economic Dimensions (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2006)
Gustav Ranis and Frances Stewart, “Success and Failure in Human Development, 1970-2007,” Journal of Human Development and Capabilities 13:2 (2012): 167-193.
Thomas Pogge, World Poverty and Human Rights: Cosmopolitan Responsibilities and Reform (London: Polity Press, 2002)
Martha Nussbaum, Women and Human Development: The Capabilities Approach (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000)
Polly Vizard, Poverty and Human Rights: Sen’s Capability Perspective Rexamined (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)
B. Agarwal, J. Humphreys and I. Robeyns, eds., Capabilities, Freedom and Equality: Amartya Sen’s Work from a Gender Perspective (Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2004)
Sakiko Fukuda-Parr, “Human Rights and Human Development” in Kaushik Basu and Ravi Kanbur, eds., Arguments for a Better World: Essays in Honor of Amartya Sen, Vol. II: Society, Institutions and Development (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009)
Paul Nelson and Ellen Dorsey, “At the Nexus of Human Rights and Development: New Methods and Strategies of Global NGOS,” World Development 31 (2003): 2013-2026
Paul Nelson, “Human Rights, The Millennium Development Goals and the Future of Development Cooperation,” World Development 35:12 ( ): 2041-2055
W. Aiken and H. LaFolette, eds., World Hunger and Morality (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1996)
A. Chapman and S. Russell, eds., Core Obligations: Building a Framework for Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Antwerp: Intersentia, 2002)
D. Fottreell and B. Bowering, eds., Minority and Group Rights in the New Millennium (Amsterdam: Kluwer, 1999)
Desmond McNeill and A. Lera StClair, Global Poverty, Ethics and Human Rights: The Role of Multilateral Organizations (London: Routledge, 2009)
19 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Sudhir Anand, Amartya Sen, and Fabienne Peter, eds., Public Health, Ethics and Equity (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006) H. Brighouse and I. Robeyns, eds., Measuring Justice: Primary Goods and Capabilities (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010) Martin de Graaf, “Catching Fish or Liberating Man,” Journal of Social Development in Africa 1:1(1996): 7-26
Partha Dasgupta, An Inquiry into Well-Being and Destitution (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001)
John Finnis, “Basic Values” in Peter Singer, ed., Ethics (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994)
Will Kymlicka, Multiculturalism Citizenship: A Liberal Theory of Minority Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1995)
Week 7: UN Rights Instruments, Gender Economics and Rights, and Contemporary Global South Ethical Critiques of Development This last session tries to bring together all the topics of the course. It recognizes today that development—from an ethical and rights-based view—focused on real global justice and cultural pluralism has been and will continue to ascend in the Global South and the non-West—be it developed or developing countries. And we are not referring to just BRICS. It begins with some of the major UN Documents on social and economic rights and the right to development, but it does not end there. In fact these documents can be critically examined and questioned. What the West and the Global North has assumed since colonization began in the 1500s to the birth of development in the 1940s to our post-Cold War present may no longer be tenable: in fact the West may no longer be the future director and shaper of world history. We will explore precisely how this is an ethical matter and perhaps the greatest ethical issue that global humanity faces today in the search for meaning with increasing global crises and instability.
Required:
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966)— http://www2.ohchr.org/english/law/cescr.htm
2009 OHCHR Report on Activities and Results-- http://www.ohchr.org/EN/PublicationsResources/Pages/Publications.aspx
Declaration on the Right to Development— http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Development/Pages/WGRightToDevelopment.aspx
Written Contributions from Member States and Other Stakeholders— http://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/Development/Pages/12thSession.aspx
20 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 Aili Mari Tripp, “Challenges in transnational feminist mobilization” in Nalini Visvanathan, Lynn Duggan, Nan Wiegersma and Laurie Nisonoff, eds., The Women, Gender and Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 2011), pgs. 402-407
Kwame Anthony Appiah, Cosmpolitanism: Ethics in A World of Strangers (New York: W.W. Norton, 2006), pgs. 101-174
Radhika Balakrishnan and Diane Elson, eds., “Introduction: economic policies and human rights obligations” in Economic Policy and Human Rights (London: Zed Books, 2011), pgs. 1-27
Abdulaziz Sachedina, “The Dignity and Capacities of Women as Equal Bearers of Human Rights,” “Individual and Society: Claims and Responsibilities,” and “Freedom of Religion and Conscience: The Foundation of a Pluralistic World Order,” in Islam and the Challenge of Human Rights (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009), pgs. 115-208
Vandana Shiva, “Decolonizing the North” in Ecofeminism, pgs. 264-276
Anisur Rahman, “People’s Self-Development” in Paul Ekins and Manfred Max-Neef, eds., Real-Life Economics (London: Routledge, 1992), pgs. 167-180
Anupam Pandey, “Globalization and ecofeminism in the South: keeping the ‘Third World’ alive,” Journal of Global Ethics 9:3 (2013): 345-358
Kishore Mahbubani, “What the Rest Can Teach the West,” in Spec. Issue of Foreign Affairs: The Clash of Civilizations: The Debate: The 20th Anniversary Edition (July, 2013): 37-41
Gita Sen, “Subordination and sexual control: a comparative view of the control of women” in Nalini Visvanathan, Lynn Duggan, Nan Wiegersma and Laurie Nisonoff, eds., The Women, Gender and Development Reader (London: Zed Books, 2011), pgs. 154-161
Recommended:
Human Development Report 2000: Human Rights and Human Development— http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2000/
P. Alston and J. Crawford, eds., The Future of UN Human Rights Treaty Monitoring (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002) P. Alston, R. Goodman, and H. Steiner, International Human Rights in Context: Law, Politics, Morals (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000)
Phillip Alston and Mary Robinson, Human Rights and Development (2005)
21 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014
Abdullahi A. An-Na’im, ed., Human Rights in Cross-Cultural Perspectives (Philadephia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1992)
Joanne Bauer and Daniel A. Bell, The East Asian Challenge for Human Rights (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009)
A. Bayefsky, The UN Human Rights Treaty System: Universality at the Crossroads (Ardley, NY: Transnational Press, 2001)
I. Brownlie and G. Goodwin-Gill, eds., Basic Documents of Human Rights, 5th edn. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006)
Katherine Dalacoura, Islam, Liberalism and Human Rights (London: I.B. Tauris, 1998) M. Evans and R. Murray, eds., The African Charter on Human and People’s Rights: The System in Practice: 1986-2000 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002)
Tony Evans, ed., Human Rights Fifty Years On: A Reappraisal (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1998)
Richard Inglehart, Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress (New York: Basic Books, 2000)
David Heyd, ed., Toleration: An Elusive Virtue (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996)
Richard Inglehart, Culture Matters: How Values Shape Human Progress (New York: Basic Books, 2000)
Glen Johnson and Janusz Symonides, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: A History of its Creation and Implementation, 1948-1998 (Paris: UNESCO, 1998)
W. Korey, NGOs and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1998)
David Little, John Kelsay and Abdulaziz Sachedina, Human Rights and the Conflict of Cultures: Western and Islamic Perspectives on Religious Liberty (Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 1998)
S. Joseph, J. Schultz, and M. Castan, eds., The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Cases, Materials, and Commentary (New York: Oxford University Press, 2000)
D. McGoldrick, The Human Rights Committee: Its Role in the Development of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1994)
22 Ethics, Rights and Development Module I Fall 2014 John Morsink, The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Origins, Drafting and Intent (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999)
Dele Olowu and Soumana Sako, eds., Better Governance and Public Policy: Capacity Building for Democratic Renewal in Africa (Bloomfield CT: Kumarian Press, 2002)
Molineaux and Shara Razavi, "Gender Justice, Development and Rights," INRISD Democracy, Governance and Human Rights. Programme Paper 10 (2003). United Nations Research Institute for Social Development
N. Shrestha,”Becoming a development category” in S. Schech and J.Haggis, eds., Development: A Cultural Studies Reader (Oxford: Blackwell, 2002), pgs. 103-114
Richard A. Schweder, Martha Minow and Hazel Markus, eds., Engaging Cultural Differences: The Multicultural Challenges in Liberal Democracies (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 2002)
H. Tolley, The U.N. Commission on Human Rights, 5th edn. (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1987)
Eli Weisel, “A Tribute to Human Rights” in The Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Fifty Years and Beyond, ed., Y. Danieli et al. (Amityville, NY: Baywood, 1999)
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