CBSE: Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

CBSE: Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL) Class – XI Code – XI-L-05 Listening Test Time: 45 min Max. Marks: 20

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about the possible hidden dangers of fitness training at fitness centres. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice.

A. Fitness centres must have rules and laws that govern them. 

B. A dietician must plan your meals if you are training regularly. 

C. Food habits and water intake must be monitored while training. 

D. Weight training without proper guidance can lead to injuries. 

E. Beginners need to get fit first before enrolling into a fitness centre. 

F.An exercise routine starts with a warm up to loosen the muscles. 

G. Careless weight loss programmes can cause permanent damage. 

Speaker Statement 1 2 3 4 5

5 marks Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 2 You will hear two students talk about their experience of attempting to stay off the Internet for ten days. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recordings twice.

1. The two students who stayed off the Internet for ten days felt that the test a. needed to have more participants. b. should have been longer than ten days. c. was a challenging experience.

2. Avoiding online search engines for a Science project forced the boy participant a. to study printed content patiently. b. to turn to his teacher for more support. c. to buy books at great expense.

3. The boy student realised that staying away from his laptop a. was a promise he could not keep. b. made him short-tempered with his family. c. helped him spend time better outdoors. 4. The girl student in the experiment discovered that a. she could turn to painting to divert her mind. b. she could relax and calm down with music. c. she was a stranger to all hobbies. 5. At the beginning of the challenge, the girl student a. turned to the newspaper for information. b. wanted to start a blog on the experiment. c. became restless and impatient for her phone. 6. The girl participant confessed that the experiment a. opened up her mind and her outlook on life. b. made her tweets more popular and meaningful. c. forced her to think and talk in brief characters or words. 6 marks Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 3 You will hear a speech by an expert on photography. Read the question below, then listen to the extract and choose four of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which four of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

A. Photography as a hobby can offer a lifetime of learning.  B. The kind of camera you use matters for good photographs.  C. It’s important to strive for perfection even in a hobby like photography.  D. A piece of art or sculpture brings the past alive at once.  E. A photograph can help you recall details as well as stir your feelings.  F. Phone cameras have helped create fine photographers.  G. Photography offers immediate results unlike painting or sculpting. 

4 marks Task 4 You will listen to two students, a boy and a girl, debate about a ban of mobile phones in schools. Read these sentences, then listen to the speakers and complete these sentences in one word only. You will hear the recording twice. 1. Mobile phones are more for ______than study in the classroom. 2. A student’s ______at school is affected by a mobile phone. 3. A mobile phone can be ______by some irresponsible people. 4. Good classroom ______is possible only without mobile phones. 5. With suitable ______, mobile phones must be allowed in schools.

5 marks CBSE Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

Class XI Code XI-L-01 Audio scripts and Answer key for Listening test

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about the hidden dangers of fitness training and fitness centres. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice. Speaker 1 It was just another day at the gym. I was attempting to lift extra weights for the first time. Suddenly, my shoulder began to hurt. My trainer dismissed it as mere cramps. Two weeks later, when the pain persisted, I contacted the gym’s senior trainers. They said it was a mild shoulder injury that needed less strenuous workouts. After three weeks of torture, a doctor diagnosed a torn bicep muscle. I had tried to lift 20 kilos in each hand the wrong way. Speaker 2 I joined the weight loss programme of a local gym. I was asked to do cardio workouts on the treadmill. Around the fifth day, my knee began to hurt. My instructor told me it was normal because I hadn’t exercised before. I walked an equivalent of four kilometres every day on the treadmill. The pain in my knee grew unbearable. I couldn’t sleep at night. An MRI scan revealed a ligament tear and I needed reconstructive surgery. Sadly, I can’t go back to the gym again. Speaker 3 More and more people visit gyms to look like their favourite film star. Joining a fitness programme without advance preparation means trouble. Before joining a gym, I would advise beginners to start with regular cardiovascular exercises like brisk walking, jogging, cycling or swimming. This would prepare the body for workouts at the gym. Whether you are a student, a housewife or someone with a desk-bound job, any exercise programme must be gradual and well planned. Don’t push your body beyond a point! Speaker 4 Food rich in carbohydrates and proteins is an absolute must with any strenuous physical activity. Your body needs those extra calories when you are regularly exercising. In fact, two hours before any rigorous training, I would recommend a carb-rich meal that includes oats, bread, pasta or Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

potatoes. You also need to drink much more water than usual. Lime juice with sugar is very good after a heavy workout. To protect the bones in the long term, milk in the form of fortified curd or cheese and even fish can be good sources of vitamin D. Speaker 5 Do you know gyms and fitness centres that spring up at every street corner is part of a multi- crore industry? That’s how profitable they are! But there’s no proper regulation for fitness instructors in our country. This is leading to a growing number of training injuries with permanent damage. We need proper facilities with certified trainers and physiotherapists. I think it’s time legislation was introduced to prevent gyms from becoming health hazards.

Task 2 You will hear two students talk about their experience of attempting to stay off the Internet for ten days. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recordings twice. Student 1: This experiment to stay off the Internet for ten days was quite a test!

Student 2: You can say that again! I never imagined it would be so tough!

Student 1: I thought I would go mad without being able to access any of the search engines I wanted! Well…shall I start with MY experience about this experiment first?

Student 2: Sure…Go ahead.

Student 1: In my work at school, I have this urge to check things out…every single thing. So Google is my constant companion. After we both took up this challenge, I was assigned a Science project that needed lots of research. Can you imagine my plight?

Student 2: Hmmm…Must’ve been tough!

Student 1: I had to do my research the good old fashioned way…you know? Buy magazines… read from the library…it really took time… but what happened was that I actually began to READ once again…it was something I hadn’t done in a really long time. With search engines, I move like a grasshopper from page to page, never really reading for details…you know? I think one big thing I have developed after this challenge is the ability to read…SLOWLY!

Student 2: Good for you!

Student 1:I’m also obsessed about the Internet for the latest music and football news…Gosh! It was terrible to be unable to visit YouTube or the football transfer sites, you know?! I had to fight the urge to break our bet. Finally, I found new sources of entertainment. My parents were very Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

pleased to see me outside my room minus my laptop! We actually spent more time together and went out trekking for the weekend. I realised I had lost touch with Nature due to my obsession with the Internet. That’s something I’ve re-discovered. In fact, I’ve decided to go trekking one weekend every month—rain or shine!

Student 2: That’s great! Honestly, this experiment was too tough for words! I like being online… receiving and sharing interesting links, stories and pop culture. I missed that awfully! Ten days without social networking was painful indeed. But I survived! I went back to my piano classes, listened to lots of music and even tried singing with karaoke support! The break taught to me to truly unwind!

Student 1: You really love Facebook and Twitter, don’t you?

Student 2: Yes, I can honestly say I am a Twitter addict! The proof ’s in the 30,000 tweets I’ve built over four years!

You know…when we took this bet, the first two days were the hardest…my eyes kept darting to my phone… my thumbs couldn’t still without wanting to check my account. What will power it took!

But you know what? I forced myself to do other things...music, friends, family. I realised I was able to think more than 140 characters or words! That was a release! I hope I will be more responsible when I get back to my old ways!

Task 3 You will hear a speech by an expert on photography. Read the question below, then listen to the extract and choose four of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true? Why do I take photographs? Why do I prefer photography to painting or sculpting? I appreciate a good sketch or painting as much as anyone, but I don’t have the patience for those mediums. A photograph, on the other hand, can capture a significant moment as it happens with just the single click of a button.

And when you look at that moment years later, all the memories come flooding back…. that special day, that event…those people in it…a moment in time frozen forever, never to come again…one photograph capturing time, arousing different emotions at different times.

I think it’s this ability of photography to come to life instantly and to connect us to the past that makes it win over art brushes and stone chisels. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

We take pictures of events that are important to us...birthdays, weddings, festival gatherings, a holiday, the birth and growth of a child. And everyone reacts looking at those photographs. That’s the starting point for this hobby. I began when I was ten years old but you can start photography even at forty, and continue building your knowledge for as long as you want.

Of course, today, it’s the best and worst of times for photography because everyone thinks “I have a camera, I am a photographer!” Facebook, Twitter or Instagram have become premium sites for sharing photos and getting instant feedback. Phone cameras have made it even easier to chronicle life and make people imagine they are good photographers.

‘Good enough’, is never good enough, you know! Every hobby needs discipline and hard work. I’m hoping true hobbyists among you in the field of photography don’t sit back satisfied with what you do. I’m hoping you strive to learn the craft and become better informed photographers. Because then your work becomes the highest form of art…they won’t be just pictures but emotions captured for eternity.

Task 4 You will listen to two students, a boy and a girl, debate about a ban of mobile phones in schools. Read these sentences, then listen to the speakers and complete these sentences in one word only. You will hear the recording twice. Student 1: I certainly don’t think it’s right to ban mobile phones in schools. I believe mobile phones are part of today’s culture. They lend a distinct identity to teenagers. What’s wrong about that? Student 2: I disagree. Mobile phones have no place in the classroom. Texting, taking calls, playing mobile games or surfing the web during class can be disruptive. Schools are a place for learning not leisure. Student 1: I record my school homework into my phone calendar. I’ve never been late on any of my assignments, thanks to this. My instant mobile research has been so useful for classroom discussion. I use it as a dictionary, a calculator, even as a Dictaphone for notes or instructions to myself. Where would I be without my mobile? Student 2: How did generations before us complete their schooling? Did the absence of cellular devices make them less capable or successful? All students deserve a good education. But I strongly believe there will be no concentration on academics if mobile phones are allowed inside the classroom. Student 1: I beg to differ—they are useful, innovative and handy creations that enhance experiences in the classroom and beyond. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Student 2: What’s this need to keep in feverish touch with an appliance all the time? I think mobile phones are just overrated pieces of equipment with plenty of nuisance value! And what about those who break the school rules during examinations and use their mobiles? Would you be able to stop all those offenders? I think not. Student 1: It’s true…mobile phones can be misused in the hands of some mischievous elements…I agree on that. And the law catches up with them in no time. But in my opinion, the usefulness far outweighs the problem. Sudden emergencies require quick and easy communication. I was at school when an earthquake suddenly rocked my city. It was MY mobile phone that helped many of us contact our parents and reassure them of our safety. Would this have been possible otherwise? Student 2: Granted they’re useful in an emergency. But do these emergencies occur every day? And what’s the school’s phone services for? I strongly support a ban on mobile phones in schools. Multi-tasking with the mobile phone can only disrupt the class. A few hours away from handheld devices will NEVER harm or destroy students. Instead, there’ll be true classroom interaction among students. Student 1:Which only brings me back to my opening argument…mobile phones ARE part of today’s culture. There’s no stopping the digital revolution. Banning mobiles is not the answer. They must have appropriate restrictions in their use. The outcome lies in the hands of the user.

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4

Speaker 1 - D 1. c True Statements: 1. leisure

Speaker 2 - G 2. a A, C, E, G 2. concentration

Speaker 3 - E 3. c 3. misused

Speaker 4 - C 4. b 4. interaction

Speaker 5 - A 5. c 5. restrictions 6. a

CBSE Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

Class XI Code XI-L-02

LISTENING TEST Time: 45 min Max. Marks: 20

Task 1

You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about films and books. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recording twice.

A. Today’s films cannot be enjoyed by everyone. c

B.Literature cannot be enjoyed by everyone. c

C. Films that are based on books are unpopular. c

D. Books do not have any constraints at all. c

E. Films help make literature more popular. c

F.Books are for individuals, unlike films. c

G. There are too many factors in a film. c

Task 2 You will hear five short extracts of people expressing why they do or don’t travel. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice. 1. Darius considers what happened in the evening a. not worth talking about. b. unrelated to his project. c. impossible to discuss.

2. Darius thinks that his grandfather a. does not find sports interesting enough. b. complains about him behind his back. c. loves watching documentaries all day.

3. Ritu thinks that Darius a. cares for his friends and not his family. b. ignores his studies and school work. c. knows his behaviour is inappropriate.

4. Darius calls his grandfather old-fashioned because he a. watches boring shows on TV. b. often speaks about the past. c. talks a lot about the same things. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

5. Ritu wants Darius to a. slow down his pace of life. b. stop being childish and selfish. c. be patient like his grandfather.

6. Darius agrees to a. be pleasant to his grandfather. b. apologise to his grandfather. c. share things with his grandfather.

6 marks Task 3 You will hear someone talk about the benefits of walking. Read the question below then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

A. Teenagers don’t undergo a lot of stress. c

B.Swimming and playing badminton are all-round exercises. c

C. Walking helps you sleep better. c

D. Walking makes cosmetics absolutely unnecessary. c

E. Teenagers need some time for themselves. c

F. If you are feeling bored, pamper yourself with some shopping. c

G. You can walk at your own pace and convenience. c

Task 4

You will listen to an excerpt from a debate on vegetarianism. Read these sentences, then listen to the speakers and complete the sentences in one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice. 1. According to the man, people choose to be vegetarian for religious, health, personal, ethical and ______reasons. 2. He believes that unhygienic methods of ______and ______food pose a risk to human beings. 3. The woman says that vegetarian diets are high in ______, ______and sugars. 4. She says that strict vegetarian diets with ______in food are difficult to follow. 5. She claims that producing and transporting agricultural products cause the same ______as meat production.

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about films and books. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recording twice.

Speaker 1 I firmly believe that books are better than films, especially when it comes to adaptations. That’s because a film has to score on several aspects—acting, visual impact, music, choreography and so on. A film is also constrained by time. A book, on the other hand, is more elaborate. There’s a lot of time and scope for the author to deal with things, to narrate the story, develop the plot, build character…More importantly, nothing can surpass the sheer joy of reading. Speaker 2 I disagree about books being better than films! There’re so many books that’ve been adapted for the silver screen, with the film versions being better and more popular than the books themselves! In fact, works of literature get a wider audience in the form of moving images. They even make literature more accessible to the masses. A film takes less time than a book to be made and watched, and it also provides relaxation and entertainment. Speaker 3 Tell me, does everyone enjoy watching a film? I think that watching a film is more often than not a ‘group activity’, whereas a book can be enjoyed by an individual any way he likes—he can choose what he wants to read, when, where and how he wants to read it…He even has the option of ignoring a book for a while and then coming back to it or reading many books at a time. Speaker 4 Precisely! Reading requires literacy, a fair amount of interest or focus and time. Imagine —one has to go to a library or a bookshop, browse through several titles, return it on time... And what about people who can’t read too well? What about people who are conversant only in one language? Wouldn’t they miss out on the classics of the world? Films, irrespective of the language they are in, have universal appeal, which is perhaps why even adults enjoy animation films and cartoons. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Speaker 5 I’m inclined to think that films, especially those based on books, lack originality. Sometimes even the best film fails to ‘connect’ with many people. Well, what ARE the criteria that make a film good? Films rarely leave anything to the audience’s imagination, which means that there’s little or no food for thought. And today, many films are not suitable for viewing by children. Also, watching a film has become an expensive affair not everyone can afford, thanks to malls and multiplexes.

Task 2 You will hear two people talking about generation gap. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose a, b or c for each sentence. You will hear the recording twice. Ritu: Darius, have you completed your Science project? Darius: Yes, ma. It’s all done. Ritu: Well, if you have a few minutes, I want to talk to you about what happened in the evening. Darius: If it’s about the TV incident, I don’t have to say anything, Ma. Ritu: I hope you understand that the ‘TV incident’ is not something your dad and I are happy about. And… Darius: Now what did I do? Ritu: …I want you to know that your behaviour hurts Grandpa. Darius: Come on ma! What’s wrong in wanting to watch the World Cup finals? Grandpa’s at home all day, why can’t he watch the repeat of his silly documentary later? Ritu: Darius, there’s nothing wrong in your interest in sports. But the way you took the remote from him and the way you switched off the TV when you were done watching was not right. AND, he wasn’t watching anything ‘silly’—he was watching a programme about his former company. Darius: Then why didn’t Grandpa say anything to me? Why is he complaining to you instead of sorting it out with me? Ritu: Your grandfather did not say a word—not to you, not to your dad, not to me. He might not have said anything to you because he loves you and wants to let you have your way. But your behaviour and attitude towards your grandfather is getting worse, and I want you to know that. Darius: Ma!!! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Ritu: Don’t tell me that you don’t realise that your behaviour is hurtful. I understand that you and Grandpa have different likes and dislikes. But that doesn’t make his interests wrong or bad. Neither does it give you the right to treat him disrespectfully. Darius: But I never disrespect him, ma! Ritu: Is that true, Darius? Don’t you make a face if you see him watching what you call a ‘boring’ programme on TV? Don’t you sometimes ignore his questions about school and studies? Don’t you ask him to go to his room when your friends come over? Darius: Well, that’s because… Okay, sometimes I’m not very nice to him, but that’s not intentional. You know that I love him. But he’s so old-fashioned—forever talking about things in the past…What do I do when he talks about things I find boring? And he keeps asking me the same questions again and again! Ritu: I know that you don’t agree with a lot of the things he says and does, but that is no reason for you to be rude with him, right? The two of you were so close…it upsets me to see you both growing apart. Darius: I know…but… Ritu: It’s okay not to be ‘cool’ all the time, you know? (smiles) Darius: Yeah right!

Ritu: I hope you remember the good times we’ve all had with him. He’s getting old, and so he may be a little slow in understanding the fast pace of life you’re so used to… Just the way he was patient with you when you were a child, I think you should be a little patient with him now. Don’t you agree? Darius: Mmm…Well, I guess I’ve not been very understanding… Ritu: I’m not blaming you, Darius. Your dad and I just want you to learn to be a little sensitive. What you call ‘compromise’ and ‘adjustment’ is nothing but being, like you said just now, ‘understanding’. Darius: Okay, ma. Sorry if I’ve been childish! Let me make it up to Grandpa. I promise I’ll try not to be so selfish again. Ritu: That’s my boy! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 3 You will hear someone talk about the benefits of walking. Read the question below then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

Good evening, my young friends. I’m here to tell you just one thing—take a walk! As a parent of two teenagers, I’m aware of the kind of stress today’s teenagers undergo. I also know that it’s very easy to recommend exercise or meditation as a stress-buster. But how many of you really have the time or inclination for it? So, all I’ll suggest is—take a walk! Yes, you heard right. Walking, like swimming and playing badminton, is a simple and effective exercise for the body as well as the brain. How, you may ask. Let me explain. Walking—or jogging or running—is a kind of meditation. It calms the nerves and makes you feel happy, as if you have achieved something. And, it improves sleep. Surprising, isn’t it? Those of you who take great efforts to look good might want to take to walking for another reason—walking, specifically running, releases a hormone that makes you look young by slowing down the process of ageing. Now, isn’t that better than using cosmetics? (smiles) Walking also boosts your immune system. Not to mention the fact that walking helps you maintain a healthy frame, which in turn increases your confidence. Teenagers are among the most ‘social’ groups—meeting new people, ‘hanging out’ in large groups, doing almost everything together with friends…Taking a quick walk gives you some much-needed ‘you time’ in which to think about yourself. My children tell me that they’ve come up with the most creative ideas for their projects and the whackiest solutions to problems while on their walks! In short, walking does wonders to reduce stress. If nothing, it helps you deal with stress better. So, when and how does one make time for walking? Simple…walk to the bus-stop or the local supermarket instead of riding a two-wheeler. Take a walk in your colony or in the neighbourhood park with friends after school or college. Walk the dog as often as possible. Feeling bored? Angry? Go for a quick walk on the terrace or around the house. It doesn’t matter whether you do it alone or only for five minutes or just once a week; it doesn’t even matter whether if you walk, jog or run, as long as you do it. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 4 You will listen to an excerpt from a debate on vegetarianism. Read these sentences, then listen to the speakers and complete the sentences in one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice. Speaker 1 I’m here in support of vegetarianism, to prove to you that it is an ideal way of life. In fact, since ancient times, people in various geographies and different cultures have practised vegetarianism! For instance, Pythagoras and Plato advocated a meatless diet; many well-known personalities across the world were or are vegetarians—Leonardo da Vinci, George Bernard Shaw, Leo Tolstoy, Mahatma Gandhi, Franz Kafka, Jane Goodall, Carl Lewis, John Harvey Kellogg, the inventor of cornflakes, to name a few. People are vegetarian in their food habits on one of these grounds—religious, health or personal reasons, ethical beliefs and economic compulsions. Some people follow a vegetarian diet on a daily basis and some people eat a vegetarian diet on certain days or occasions, all to great benefit. Many religions endorse vegetarianism as an extension of non-violent practices. Many people are advised to stay off animal products in the interest of their health, especially people with diabetes, cholesterol and people who have undergone surgeries recently. This is also because the body needs extra effort to digest meat. Eating meat is even believed to harm human health! I wonder if non-vegetarians are aware of the ways in which their food is made and packaged. As if the killing of animals for food isn’t cruel enough, animals for slaughter are handled and transported in inhuman ways. Not to mention the unhygienic packing and packaging methods. All these increase the risk to human health. Many studies have also shown that meat production processes deplete natural resources and pollute the environment. It’s an undeniable fact that poultry and meat are not cheap. Sometimes, many non- vegetarian delicacies like caviar and offal are so expensive as to be termed a luxury! Speaker 2 Let me begin by saying that vegetarianism is nothing but a fad, and an unhealthy one at that. A balanced diet needs proteins, and most food proteins for humans come from meat and poultry. One of the strongest reasons to give up a vegetarian diet is the fact that a purely vegetarian diet lacks in many essential nutrients like calcium, iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids and so on. Vegetarian diets are high in fibre and low in fats, which means that vegetarians may feel ‘full’ before they’ve eaten enough calories. Similarly, vegetarian diets are usually very high in carbohydrates and sugars, which poses great health risks. In other words, a vegetarian diet is not good for most people, especially growing children and people with diabetes. Doesn’t it then Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

make sense to include what is good for your health as a part of what you eat instead of taking supplement tablets? Different kinds of vegetarian diets, especially the strict kind like vegan and macrobiotic, have different food restrictions, which may not be easy to adhere to all the time. The options available for such people are either limited or very expensive. As for the complaint of vegetarians about meat production, it’s nothing but a notion. Current methods of producing meat are quite humane, and many of them are certified as safe by many leading international associations. In fact, agricultural practices and transportation of food cause the same environmental problems as meat production! We humans have been eating meat for millions of years now. Why stop now?

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 1. G 1. a True Statements: 1. economic 2. E 2. b B, C, E, G 2. packing, packaging 3. F 3. c 3. fibre, carbohydrates 4. B 4. b 4. restrictions 5. A 5. c 5. environmental problems 6. a CBSE Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about the tourism industry. Read the statements below and then listen to the extracts. Then match each statement 1–7 to each speaker A–E. There are two statements that you do not need. You will hear the recording twice. 1. Travel makes people become citizens of the world. c

2. Tourism helps people in small towns find good jobs. c 3. Factors like terrorism and disease have also been shown to affect tourism negatively. c 4. Traditional ways of life might change in negative ways because of tourism. c

5. Today, people have more leisure time and the financial means to travel as well. c

6. Tourism is the main source of income for some countries. c

7. The environment is not respected by tourists who visit sightseeing spots. c

5 marks

Task 2 You will hear a dialogue between two friends about some myths and legends. Read the questions below and then listen to the dialogue. Choose A, B or C for each question. You will hear the recording twice. 1. The film that the girl watched a. made her feel ill. b. made her cousin feel ill. c. made her mother feel ill. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

2. The boy thinks that violence in films is so common that a. we shouldn’t be shocked by it. b. we cannot steer clear of it. c. we cannot complain about it.

3. The boy feels uncomfortable when reading myths and legends because a. they tell us about people who exploit others and harm animals. b. he finds the stories very strange and the plots to be illogical. c. all of them are only about very evil people.

4. As he kept reading, the boy realised that a. good people were always victorious in such myths. b. myths and legends should not be taken too seriously. c. the myths were not true to life, so they had many evil people.

5. The girl objects to the fact that a. most people prefer only to read about beautiful people. b. it is almost always beautiful people who have adventures. c. plain people are never successful in such legends.

6. According to the girl, stereotyping is a problem because a. we know who the villain is almost immediately. b. real life is more complicated than it is in stories. c. in real life we cannot judge people by their appearance.

Task 3 You will hear a woman give a short lecture about food preservation. Read the sentences below then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

A. The speaker feels that you cannot be too careful about sanitation. c

B. It is common knowledge that bacteria are good for our health. c

C. Leaving food out at room temperature for a few hours is not good for it. c

D. People believe that neat plastic packets mean that the food inside is safe to eat. c

E. Bacteria start multiplying the minute we take food out of the freezer. c

F. Food that is cooked in the microwave is not safe—even if it is cooked completely. c G. Packaged foods have an expiry date and change after a few days and can become harmful. c

4 marks

Task 4 You will hear one side of a debate about the role of technology in our lives. Read the sentences below and then listen. Complete the sentences with only one word or two. You will hear the recording twice. 1. When we use a credit card or any other kind of card for a transaction, our ______is being recorded. 2. CCTVs are operated by the ______or by private security companies to prevent crimes. 3. In the future, you will no longer need to remember passwords because your ______will be your ID. 4. GPS technology uses a ______to locate a person easily and immediately. 5. The question we now have to ask ourselves is whether the loss of privacy is a ______we are willing to pay for better public safety.

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about the tourism industry. Read the statements below and then listen to the extracts. Then match each statement 1–7 to each speaker A–E. There are two statements that you do not need. You will hear the recording twice.

Speaker A The topic of tourism is an important and relevant one. It is a key aspect of modern life. For thousands of years, most people hardly had any leisure time at all. They worked, ate and slept. But today, with modern technology, more people have the time to travel. Financially too, more people are finding it easier to travel—they have many options and all the information they need is available on the Internet. Speaker B But I do think it is most important to talk about domestic tourism. Tourism is big business. For example, imagine a small town in the hills. It has lovely weather and beautiful tea plantations. People hear about the town and begin to visit it. They will stay in the one hotel there. Soon, the hotel will hire more people to work there and other services like taxis and tours of the area will be started by the people who live in that town. Speaker C But tourism can have a negative impact on the local community too. People may leave their jobs to work in the hotel. People often seem to prefer jobs that take them away from what they see as familiar and non-profitable so some of the traditional sources of employment may dry up then. More and more land will be used to build hotels, therefore shrinking the space needed for the traditional work done in that area. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Speaker D There is the impact on the environment as well. This is the irony of tourism. Tourists may actually destroy the things that they came to see and enjoy. Tourists seem to feel no responsibility for keeping their surroundings clean—instead, they litter constantly and sometimes start small cooking fires that could lead to forest fires. A small, beautiful town could become noisy and ugly with more and more of the natural beauty being destroyed. Speaker E These are all good reasons that tourism must be managed carefully. But let’s not forget that travel really opens up our minds and can make us better informed and perhaps better behaved too! Several people have told me about travelling to other countries and they all say that experiencing a new culture and learning how to behave correctly in that country really changed them. They felt like global citizens and more connected to the rest of the world. Travel is a good way to learn more about our world too. So it can benefit people in different ways.

Task 2 You will hear a dialogue between two friends about some myths and legends. Read the questions below and then listen to the dialogue. Choose A, B or C for each question. You will hear the recording twice.

Boy: Hi Gita! Did you enjoy the film last night? Girl: Oh, hi Mukund. Yes, it was a film about an alien invasion of America. Boy: Oh those films are always a lot of fun! Girl: Yes, they are. But it was also quite violent. There was a lot of gunfire and bloodshed. My cousin, Tina, was terrified and my mother got a headache. Boy: Yes, sometimes the amount of violence can make some people feel physically sick. But these situations have become quite commonplace in films these days. There’s no way we can avoid them. Girl: That’s true. So what did you do last night? Boy: I finished reading One Thousand and One Nights. Girl: What’s that? I’ve never heard of it before. Boy: Of course you have. It is also called The Arabian Nights. Girl: Oh! Sinbad and Ali Baba right? Boy: That’s right. You know, I started reading these stories with some hesitation. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Girl: But why? These are classic stories! Boy: Yes, but I felt a little uncomfortable while reading them. The stories have interesting plots and they’re fun too. But have you noticed that many myths and legends tell us about one person cheating another, or stealing something from them? And very often, animals and birds fall victim when some man or woman wants what they have. Girl: Do you mean like a dragon guarding some treasure? Boy: Yes. In one of the stories about Sinbad, a few greedy merchants trick some huge eagles into carrying diamonds to their nests. Then, they climb up to where the nests are and steal the diamonds from the eagles. Girl: Yes, very often animals are used to the advantage of the people in the story. But I suppose that’s not very different from real life, is it? Boy: I knew you would see it that way! But as I kept reading, I realised that in most stories good always wins—there is a moral embedded in these stories. I guess that happy endings are not realistic, but they are better than evil winning at the end of the day! Girl: That’s what makes these stories so enduring, I suppose. The values they teach us. As long as the story doesn’t preach! Boy: So, what bothers you about myths and legends, Gita? Girl: Well, I sometimes wish that the heroes and heroines of the stories were not always handsome or beautiful. Surely, plain people can have adventures too. Boy: But somehow most people seem to prefer beautiful people in stories. We see this even on TV or in films. Girl: Definitely! Oh Mukund, another thing that bothers me a great deal is stereotyping in stories. Boy: Such as the evil stepmother? Girl: Yes. Or making villains look very strange and threatening—they wear black clothes and sneer or live in gloomy houses. It’s very misleading. In reality, we cannot judge people by the way they look or dress and a gloomy house could be just that—a house that does not have enough windows! Boy: Well, I’m sure that most people know not to take these stories at face value. Girl: Oh, I hope so!

Task 3 You will hear a woman give a short lecture about food preservation. Read the sentences below then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

Food hygiene is not just about clean food. It depends on three factors—bacteria, temperature and time. Many of us think that all bacteria are bad. In fact we do all that we can to protect ourselves from germs and bacteria, including using medicated soap. While it is a good idea to be aware of sanitation, we must also learn to draw a line—we must not take it too far. Being well informed actually helps us understand how to keep clean and how to keep our food sanitary. For example, curd contains many good bacteria that are good for our health. What we must be careful about are harmful bacteria. Did you know that most bacteria multiply between 4◦ and 60◦C? If we leave food at room temperature for more than a few hours, the number of bacteria can reach dangerously high levels! Today, people think that since all our vegetables and fruits come beautifully packaged that we can consume them as they are. But have you noticed a faint white powdery layer on some fruits and vegetables—grapes and apples for example? It is the remains of pesticides or other chemicals. We must wash fresh produce thoroughly to clean them of all chemicals. We use the refrigerator to keep food fresh, but we don’t check its temperature settings. We take food from the fridge and leave it at room temperature before cooking it. We shouldn’t! Because bacteria start multiplying the moment we take food, especially meat, out of the freezer. What we must do is defrost food correctly—by leaving the food in the fridge for at least a few hours after we take it out of the freezer. Most packaged food is safe to eat, provided we use such food before the expiry date. A lot of food, including milk products, eggs, processed foods like biscuits and masala have only a limited shelf-life. They lose their original qualities after some time, and using them can harm health. Remember that storing food well and using it appropriately is essential for good health.

Task 4 You will hear one side of a debate about the role of technology in our lives. Read the sentences below and then listen. Complete the sentences with only one word or two. You will hear the recording twice. Today, I would like to talk about the role that technology plays in our lives. Technology today works in such a way that it is difficult to maintain privacy. As most of you must have already realised in your day-to-day interactions on social websites and other online interactions, a lot of information about you is readily available to those who know how to look for it. And this is something that we seem to have slowly accepted over the years. But should we really be comfortable with this compromise we have made? Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Did you know that somebody somewhere knows everything about you—what you buy at the supermarket, who you call on your phone and even what DVDs you rent? Every time we use a credit card, a phone card or even a supermarket card, our personal information is being recorded somewhere. This is the price we pay for the convenience of using cards instead of cash. We have even accepted the fact that nothing we do on our own computers is ever completely private. Let’s talk about TV. You might think that you have never been on TV but you’re wrong! CCTV (closed circuit TV) cameras are everywhere. They are in shopping malls, at ATMs, outside buildings and even on our roads and motorways. They are operated by the police and private security companies and are there to prevent crimes such as mugging, shoplifting and car-jackings. They even watch the road for people who are speeding in their cars. In the very near future, you will no longer have to worry about forgetting your computer password or even your keys because your body will be your ID. Finger scanning which is very similar to fingerprinting is already being used by large companies to identify employees. Face recognition is another growing area of ID technology as are voice and eye recognition. GPS too has become integrated into everyday life. Locating you when you are not at work or school is much easier. GPS can, in less than a minute, with the use of a satellite, find exactly where you are. Some car rental companies are already using this technology to keep track of their vehicles. You can also use GPS on your mobile phone. This means that when someone makes a call on their mobile or even if they just turn it on they can easily be located. The question we have to ask ourselves now is how the rights of the individual will be preserved. We must ask ourselves whether increased public safety and convenience will come at the cost of our own privacy and if it is a price we are willing to pay. Is convenience worth the loss of privacy as all our personal data from bank records to health information is on file and readily available? Are we really ready to live in a world where our every move is being watched?

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 1. Speaker E 1. c C, D, E, G 1. personal information

2. Speaker B 2. b 2. police

3. Not applicable 3. a 3. body

4. Speaker C 4. a 4. satellite

5. Speaker A 5. b 5. price

5. Not applicable 5. Speaker D CBSE Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about First Aid in schools. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are 2 statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice. A. The course adds value to students’ learning. c

B. Students grow into persons of quality when they learn to work with each other. c

C. Every student learns First Aid. c

D. The student was hesitant at first to help his teacher. c

E. Students must be ready to face critical situations that happen on an average day. c

F. First Aid allows students to gain confidence. c

G. The senior student knew exactly what to do. c

5 marks

Task 2 You will hear a girl and a boy talking about their study tour. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recording twice. 1. The purpose behind the girl’s class presentation on coral reefs was to a. provide a background to the ecosystem in the Maldives. b. brief the class on the details of the tour. c. understand the history of the Maldives. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

2. The study tour involves a. taking a boat ride in the Indian Ocean. b. interviewing the inhabitants. c. researching coral reefs.

3. Rising sea levels pose a big threat to the islands because a. the submarine ridge can be destroyed. b. the islanders will need to be relocated. c. the tidal waves can be violent.

4. Coral is commonly used in a. the making of medicines. b. enhancing aquariums. c. in ornamentation.

5. The reason why coral reefs are called the rainforest of the ocean is because of a. the tropical location of the coral islands. b. the richness of plant and animal life. c. the man-made threats that the reefs face.

6. The girl’s PowerPoint presentation will also include details related to a. the food habits of the islanders. b. the food they will eat on the tour. c. the food habits of the marine colonies.

6 marks

Task 3 You will hear a talk that spells out the benefits of vocational training in school. Read the questions below, then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true? Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

A. In order to find employment the person must have both education and professional training. c B. Vocational training provides general skills. c

C. Companies directly offer the inputs for vocational training. c

D. Schools offer students opportunities for occupational training. c

E. Vocational training opens up the job market for students who don’t go to college. c

F. Students complete their education in school. c

G. The Prime Minister introduces vocational training. c 4 marks

Task 4 You will listen to the speaker at a seminar on public transport in India. Read these sentences, then listen to the speaker and complete these sentences in one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice.

1. Public transport in India is a ______of different kinds of transportation. 2. In most cities, travelling ______are unsafe and inhuman. 3. It is extremely difficult for large buses to move along ______streets. 4. Depots and stations must be made more ______and safe. 5. The ______must be managed better to make the Transport Corporations profitable.

Task 1 You will hear 5 short extracts of people talking about First Aid in schools. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are 2 statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice.

Speaker 1 I find children, on the whole, very responsible these days. That is why I believe we should encourage their leadership skills. I’m not talking about difficult or terribly challenging ideas. I would like to see them equipped with a very basic tool. First Aid. All schools have some emergency or the other almost every other day. Some child has fainted in class. Another child has sprained her ankle playing football. Someone else has choked on her lunch. Speaker 2 Many schools in several countries have introduced First Aid as part of the curriculum. If you approach St John’s Ambulance Service they are happy to teach you how to administer first aid. The teachers can decide on the kind of courses different age groups will take. At the end of it you even get a certificate. That makes your grade sheets look very impressive. It really is a very good thing for children to know how to handle an emergency. Speaker 3 I was visiting my daughter’s school when I saw a medical emergency. One student had crashed into the goal post. It looked like he had a head injury. He was bleeding. He was lying there unconscious. I was amazed to see a student from Class X take control of the situation. He made sure that nobody crowded around the boy so he wouldn’t feel suffocated. Within seconds he applied a cold compress to the boy’s wound. He also turned him to the side so he wouldn’t choke. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Speaker 4 I feel education is not only about reading, writing and arithmetic. Education is also about teaching ourselves the value of life. First Aid saves lives. You are never too young to learn. First Aid also teaches you team work. It teaches you that when you need to do something in an emergency you have to work as partners and focus on the work at hand. That is a great attitude which makes you an excellent student. Speaker 5 I watched my friend giving first aid to my class teacher. She fell down the stairs and twisted her ankle. She was in a lot of pain. My friend ran for some ice after asking me to gently place my hand on her ankle. He applied the ice pack. The pain almost instantly began to subside. My teacher was happy and proud that her student could do this all by himself. My friend’s self- esteem shot to the stars!

Task 2 You will hear a girl and a boy talking about their study tour. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recording twice. Boy: Hi, Lata. Girl: Hi, Sunder. I was looking for you. Teacher wants me to do a presentation to the class on coral reefs. Boy: That’s good. It’s important that we are familiar with the ecology when we go to the Maldives on our study tour. Girl: That’s what I was thinking too. Boy: You know I’ve been to the Maldives on several trips with my father who works in Tourism. I’m sure I can help with the presentation, that is, if you want me to. Girl: Of course! And really, thank you so much. Boy: Why don’t we go to class? I can use the blackboard so you can visualise the islands and the ocean. Things are always clearer that way. Girl: Excellent. Boy: If I remember right, the Maldives is made up of at least a thousand coral islands spread over a huge area. Some of these islands rise only a metre above sea level. Girl: Wow! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Boy: There is what is known as a submarine ridge in the Indian Ocean where the Maldives is situated. I’ll draw it for you. It looks something like this. On top of this ridge you have live coral reefs and sand bars. Girl: Truly astonishing! Part of our study tour is actually seeing the reefs. Boy: Of course we will have expert guides with us when we go down to the sea beds. Girl: I can’t wait to be there! What else can you tell me? Boy: Maldives is the lowest country in the world. Beautiful no doubt, but a little frightening. You see more water than land! Girl: Aren’t there protected areas in the Maldives? Boy: I’m not very certain. Girl: I do know for sure, though, that Maldives is the third most endangered nation. Boy: Right! Straightaway we are looking at two issues. Girl: Threat to coral reefs and climate change. Boy: Exactly. Warmer waters will lead to rising sea levels. This will force the inhabitants to move to safer places. Girl: My grandmother wears a coral chain. But I’m not sure I know what a coral reef is. What really is a coral reef? Boy: Coral reefs are colonies of tiny animals found in marine waters. They are built from stony corals. They are often called the rainforests of the ocean. They provide a home for fish, mollusks, worms, sponges, and other sea animals. Girl: I have heard that coral reefs are fragile ecosystems. Boy: That’s right. These reefs face threats from fishing, overuse of reef resources, pollution and so on. Girl: That’s quite a bit of information already. I think I will check a couple of websites and try and get a complete picture. I can do a PowerPoint presentation after that. Boy: You do that. And remember to give us some spicy information about the kind of food we are going to eat. Also, the kind of clothes we should be wearing. Girl: Will do. And Sunder, thanks again. Boy: You’re welcome. Any time. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 3 You will hear a talk that spells out the benefits of vocational training in school. Read the questions below, then listen to the extract and choose 4 of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true?

Do you know that 90% of the jobs in India are skill based? What does this mean for young people like you who will be in the job market a few years from now? The explanation is very simple. Like the Prime Minister emphasised, India needs a literate youth who is, in addition, skilled. Skills guarantee employment. It becomes clearer, doesn’t it, why we need to begin vocational training early enough. Vocational training opens up opportunities for students in careers at various levels. Practical training in a specific occupation, or what may be called a vocation, gives you hands on experience. It also gives you the confidence to choose from various employment options. Some of these are nursing, accountancy, pharmacology and lab technology. Today CBSE offers around 35 vocational courses in the government and government aided schools in the country. The plus point is that CBSE is working with industries to make sure that the courses are relevant and good. You can choose to do your vocational training in Financial Market Management or Hospitality and Tourism, Mass Media Studies and Media Production and so on. You even get a certificate at the end of the course. What excellent training! Many students in India look for jobs after they have completed school. Only a small percentage goes for higher studies. Vocational training is indeed a boon to these students. By the time they finish school, they have acquired both education and training. For those students who move on to higher studies, vocational training gives them an idea of skills they are good at, or want to develop. With this in mind they are able to choose subjects which will give them employability in areas they like. Many schools in India are opening up opportunities in vocational training. This will benefit students greatly.

Task 4 You will listen to the speaker at a seminar on public transport in India. Read these sentences, then listen to the speaker and complete these sentences in one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice.

Buses carry more than 90 percent of public transport in Indian cities. Indeed, most Indian cities have no rail transport at all and rely instead on a combination of buses, minivans, auto rickshaws, cycle rickshaws, and taxis. The only exception is Mumbai, which has India’s most extensive Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

suburban rail network, carrying more than 5 million passengers a day. Kolkata and Delhi have the underground metro system, Chennai has a hybrid surface and elevated metro, called Mass Rapid Transport System, and Kolkata has India’s only remaining tram system. The demand for public transport is rapidly rising. But we don’t seem to be able to meet this rising demand. Trains and buses in most cities are dangerously packed. On suburban rail lines in Mumbai, peak-hour trains must carry more than twice their maximum design capacity, leading to inhuman travelling conditions. On peak-hour trains, many passengers are forced to hang out of doors and windows or to ride between train cars. Suburban trains and stations seem hopelessly overcrowded and desperately need expanded capacity. Buses in Indian cities are doubly disadvantaged. Buses themselves are seriously overcrowded, with some passengers forced to ride on the outsides of vehicles. In addition, however, buses must negotiate extremely narrow streets, having to fight with a mixed array of animal-drawn carts, minivans, cars, taxis, motorized two-wheelers, auto rickshaws, pedestrians, cyclists, and street vendors. These congested conditions in public transport vehicles and stations, not only slow down travel but make it outright dangerous. Tens of thousands of public transport passengers are killed or injured every year in accidents. Many buses and trams do not even have doors and windows that can be closed. So what do we do? Let me look at some basic methods by which we can meet the demand curve. First of all, we need to invest in the system, both in terms of money and ideas and planning. Second of all, we need to believe that public transportation is for all of us, and not only for those who don’t own cars. That way the very idea of public transportation enters the collective identity of the Indian citizen. From there to jump to better efficiency in terms of transport and also in terms of conserving fuel, doesn’t seem difficult. Indeed it is possible to have a good system going in the next 10 years. A basic requirement would be infrastructure. Depots and stations must be well run, clean and passenger friendly. Good lighting and security will give a big boost to the image of depots and stations. People should be made to feel safe and welcome in clean, surroundings, with good toilet facilities and drinking water. Costing would be another major factor. Public Transport Corporations generally run at a loss. Better management and improved efficiency will go a long way in making costs viable. But most important, we must address the condition of the trains and buses, just as we address concerns of road safety. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 1. Speaker 2 1. a A, C, D, E 1. combination

2. Speaker 4 2. c 2. conditions

3. Not Applicable 3. b 3. narrow

4. Not Applicable 4. c 4. friendly

5. Speaker 1 5. b 5. costs

6. Speaker 5 6. b

7. Speaker 3 CBSE Assessment of Speaking and Listening Skills (ASL)

Task 1 You will hear five short extracts in which young people talk about how they started their own business at an early age. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice. A. We set up an affordable place where young people could meet and discuss ideas. c

B. We set up unpaid classes to help deprived children gain an advantage. c

C. All the gadgets I made and sold brought profits. c D. While running the magazine business we learnt many important things even though we made mistakes. c E. My mother was a social worker but I did not want to follow in her footsteps. c F. My friends and family encouraged me by supporting my ideas and by becoming my customers. c G. The objects I made were both useful and innovative. c 5 marks

Speaker Statement 1 2 3 4 5 .

Task 2 You will hear two people discussing a book. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recording twice. 1. When we interact with a stranger a. only 40% of our communication is in words. b. only 20% of our communication is in words. c. only 10% of our communication is in words.

2. In order to locate ourselves in people’s comfort zone a. we should try to speak to them. b. we should try to meet them at a party. c. we should try to dress and act like them.

3. In the presence of strangers, if we want to look happy and feel confident, we should a. recall a positive event in our lives. b. speak to them of complex things. c. tell them stories about other strangers.

4. To communicate effectively it is useful to a. make eye contact and focus equally on the other person b. ask as many questions as possible. c. tell the other person all about yourself.

5. One way of making people talk is by a. answering them in monosyllables. b. using their words to create more questions. c. offering them examples.

6. The girl gives an example of a. asking a close-ended question. b. tagging short responses to create conversation. c. recommending a place to someone. 6 marks Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 3 You will hear a short lecture on courage. Read the questions below, then listen to the extract and choose four of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true? A. The proportion in which spiritual and intellectual approaches are combined decides what kind of courage we have. c B. The kind of courage that a person shows when he/she uses reason to oppose an idea is called physical courage. c C. To become a worthy nation, only moral courage needs to be exhibited. c

D. Almost everyone in this world is capable of courage. c

E. Moral courage can only be taught to older people. c

F. Different countries show different kinds and quantities of courage. c

G. A person who is really courageous will show this over a period of time. c

4 marks

Task 4 Listen to two people speaking at a seminar on the subject of alternative energy sources. As you listen complete the sentences given with one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice. 1. The man felt that people troubled by unexpected ______would gain from using solar power. 2. People would be willing to ______in solar power if they thought it was a long-term solution. 3. Most of the man’s customers were ______and understood the value of solar installations. 4. Apart from suburbs and smaller cities, many ______may also consider using solar energy. 5. The vision of a worldwide Indian ______motivates the man.

Task 1 You will hear five short extracts in which young people talk about how they started their own business at an early age. Read the statements below, then listen to the extracts and match each statement A–G to each speaker 1–5. There are two statements you do not need. You will hear the recordings twice. Speaker 1 (Female) People don’t really take an eighteen-year-old very seriously. So I decided to work hard and tried to prove myself through my work. It all began as a hobby and then it became a successful business. The journey so far has been fantastic. I started ‘Scribbles’, an e-magazine for the youth, when I was 17 with a group of four friends. None of us had any idea how to go about it. We had to do everything by trial and error. But we learnt so many valuable lessons. Speaker 2 (Male) During my school days, I saved my pocket money and donated it to orphanages. My mother is an active social work volunteer in Mumbai. I believe I have been influenced by that. After I completed my college and began working, it was but natural for me to help in worthy causes. I realised education is the solution to all problems. So three friends and I set up an NGO that offers free coaching classes in Maths and Science to needy children. We already have 25 children and the numbers are growing! Speaker 3 (Female) Every entrepreneur faces hardships. You need to be patient. My parents and my friends are my greatest cheerleaders. My dad is an industrialist. I have learnt so much about business from him. He encouraged me to set up my own garage unit when I was 18 years old. I manufacture handmade paper and handicrafts. Friends and neighbours bought my products at first. Now, a leading retail store has signed me on for the next two years! What a feeling that is! Speaker 4 (Female) I didn’t want to finish my education to start executing my ideas. So I began when I was in college, when there was less pressure on me academically. My friends and I wanted to be together without the worry of spending too much money. We set up Youth Café where young people meet, read books and magazines and enjoy snacks at affordable rates. On weekends, we have discussions, book readings or short film screenings. There’s no looking back on this idea of mine! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Speaker 5 (Male) Never underestimate the power to dream! I was always meddling at home, trying to understand how things worked. In no time, I had my own little gadgets in the kitchen to chop onions without tears, to knead chappathi dough just right or to whisk the lightest lassi ever! I started giving them to friends as birthday gifts. Soon neighbours wanted them too. To be honest, some of my ideas flopped and I did lose money. But the trick is to never stop dreaming!

Task 2 You will hear two people discussing a book. Read the sentences below, then listen to the conversation and choose A, B or C for each sentence. You will hear the recording twice. Speaker 1 (female): Did you read the book ‘Making A First Impression’ that was discussed by the Book Club last week? I thoroughly enjoyed reading it. Speaker 2 (male): What’s the book about? Speaker 1 (female): It’s all about the way we convey information about ourselves to people. Did you know our words carry only 20% of our communication when we first meet someone? I didn’t know that the clothes we wear often decide whether we belong to a group or not. I’ve decided to pay more attention to my clothes. Speaker 2 (male): I don’t agree with that. Do clothes really make a person? Speaker 1 (female): Well, they communicate a lot about us. Our choice of clothes and our words together send out positive or negative signals. Speaker 2 (male): How does it matter when I’m with friends? Speaker 1 (female): Haven’t you often complained that you were ignored at a party? Well… the book suggests that people avoid us if we don’t look and behave like them...if we don’t make an effort to place ourselves in their comfort zone. Speaker 2 (male): Comfort zone? What does that mean? Speaker 1 (female): The writer asks us to relax and smile in the company of strangers. It isn’t easy, but he does provide a useful tip. He asks you to visualise a successful moment in your life. That builds confidence. Then you begin to relax. Then smiling won’t be such a difficult thing! Speaker 2 (male): I suppose not. I rarely smile in the company of strangers! Speaker 1 (female): Another thing the author insists on is good eye-contact. He says it’s absolutely vital to effective communication. People trust those who look at them while talking. Speaker 2 (male): Holding eye contact during a conversation is a challenge for me! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Even if we are looking at them, don’t we have to focus the conversation on the people we are talking to, rather than on ourselves. Speaker 1 (female): Yes. The trick is to make people feel important. When they feel good about themselves, they’ll value the person who gave them the experience. Speaker 2 (male): Oh, I see! That makes sense. I avoid those who talk about themselves all the time! Speaker 1 (female): That’s right. The writer also tells you how to keep people talking. He asks us to use open-ended questions. Speaker 2 (male): Open-ended questions? Speaker 1 (female): Questions like: How were the beaches in Goa? What was the weather like? Did you enjoy the food? These questions encourage people to talk.. Speaker 2 (male): I remember he says a compliment is a good conversation starter. Are there other conversation openers? Speaker 1 (female): Well…you could ask someone about a recent experience, maybe, show your concern about some unpleasant experience they’ve had. But don’t upset or embarrass them. Speaker 2 (male): What do you do when someone answers your questions in monosyllables? How do you get them to talk? Speaker 1 (female): Oh! The book suggests an excellent technique. Repeat the words in their answers back to them. Make these words sound like questions…and people will start talking more than they usually do! Speaker 2 (male): Any other tip? Speaker 1 (female): Yes…and the author also recommends adding your views or experiences to that short response and then asking the other person for his or her opinion. He gives you a good example too: Where are you going this summer? Dehradun. Dehradun – I love that place! Have you been there before? Speaker 2 (male): Wow! You even remember the examples! I think I would like to read it. Could I borrow it from you? Speaker 1 (female): Sure. I’ll bring it for you tomorrow. Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 3 You will hear a short lecture on courage. Read the questions below, then listen to the extract and choose FOUR of the options A–G which are correct. You will hear the recording twice. Which FOUR of the following statements does the speaker believe to be true? Have you ever wondered what courage is? Courage is a mental state and gets its strength from spiritual and intellectual sources. The way in which these elements are combined, produces roughly the two types of courage. The first, an emotional state which urges a man to risk injury or death is physical courage. We often hear of even young children exhibiting remarkable physical courage. The newspapers report how a young boy saved his friend or brother from drowning. The second, a more reasoning attitude which makes a person risk happiness, or his whole future, on his judgement of what he thinks either right or worthy, is moral courage. This kind of courage is often seen when a person takes a stand or a decision to oppose something they feel is wrong, even though no one else supports their decision. To be really great, a person—or for that matter, a nation—must possess both kinds of courage. All people have some degree of physical courage. It’s surprising how much. Complete cowards are almost non-existent. Many people will act in a very courageous way in an emergency. Can courage be taught? In one sense, physical courage can be taught. To teach moral courage is another matter—and it has to be taught because so few, if any, have it naturally. Young people can learn it from their parents, in their homes, from school and university, or from other early influences. So are all people equally courageous and do all nations exhibit the same kind of courage? Nations vary in the amount of their courage, as well as in the type of courage exhibited. An important component of courage is endurance. Courage is a long-term virtue. Anyone can be brave for a little while. But to be able to remain brave in the face of certain defeat requires belief and patience.

Task 4 Listen to two people speaking at a seminar on the subject of alternative energy sources. As you listen complete the sentences given with one or two words only. You will hear the recording twice. Anu (female voice): Mr Jatin Sharma, I am happy to meet you at this seminar on energy conservation. What made you set up Sun Power Energy Private Limited? Jatin (male voice): I worked five years in Southeast Asia and learned a lot about the energy markets. I realised that solar power was the only solution for our planet’s growing energy Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

demands. I knew that in India, because of unpredictable power cuts and rising fuel costs, we would benefit greatly by tapping into the sun. That set me off. Anu: But before selling in a brand new market, you needed to do a lot of research. How did you go about that? Jatin: Yes, it took time and a lot of hard work. I knew that if I could identify and establish a target market, half the battle was won. I had the products but I needed to take it to the right people. People who wanted to be rid of power crunches and rising fuel prices would be the key. If they knew there was a long-term solution to their problems they would invest wisely. Anu: Why did you choose to set up the company in Bengaluru? Jatin: The two options were Bengaluru and Chennai! I chose the city where I grew up and where I had a lot of contacts. It helped to open doors and meet people who were ready to explore alternative energy solutions. However, I have a pan-Indian expansion plan in place. I will be looking at the main metros ... New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and a few other industrial cities. Anu: How long before you open shop there? Jatin: Well, to be honest, it’s important to be successful in a particular region, clear all the teething troubles and understand the challenges properly...before moving forward. I don’t want to rush the pace and then burn my fingers, literally! Anu: True. Tell me, what has the response been since you began in 2011? Jatin: It’s been phenomenal...I mean, we found many enlightened clients. They knew the initial expenses were high, but they also knew it was the future. They wisely understood the efficiency and long-term value of solar installations. Anu: Which were the geographical zones you tapped and what is the cost of your products? Jatin: Nearly half of our systems were sold to suburbs and smaller cities. We’ve sold over 100 systems ranging between Rs 30, 000 to over Rs 2 lakh. We also find that several villages are interested in our services. Anu: That’s encouraging! As a young entrepreneur, did you ever have any doubts? You gave up a good job in Southeast Asia and alternative energy is a new business in India. Jatin: To be honest, money was never the issue. I’ve always been environmentally conscious. I have a one-point vision of creating a cleaner, greener India. I would like to create a global Indian energy brand that can change the Indian economy! Central Board of Secondary Education Trinity College London

Task 1 Task 2 Task 3 Task 4 1. D 1. B A, D, F, G 1. powercuts

2. B 2. C 2. invest

3. F 3. A 3. enlightened

4. A 4. A 4. villages

5. G 5. B 5. energy brand