Zot Bowl I/Truman State Novice/VCU Novice 2008 s1

Zot Bowl I/Truman State Novice/VCU Novice 2008

Round 2 Packet by Jason and Marcus Luna with help from a whole bunch of people including Ray Anderson, Ray Luo, Seth Teitler, and Dwight Wynne

TOSSUPS

1. The Jocic reaction produces these compounds from trichloromethylcarbinols. The Schmidt reaction produces primary amines from these compounds and hydrogen azide, and the Jones Reaction makes them from primary alcohols. The Fischer esterification creates esters from alcohols and these compounds in acidic solution, and their namesake functional group forms the C terminal end of proteins. For 10 points, identify these compounds which have a –COOH functional group. Answer: carboxylic acids

2. In June 2008, her father claimed that her substance abuse had given her the beginning stages of emphysema. She was a regular attendee at her husband's assault trial, but her father-in-law urged a boycott of her music, fearing that her success was fueling her and her husband's drug addictions. Elements of her personal style, including her beehive hairdo, have been co-opted by designer Karl Lagerfeld, but her music has been a success with both of her albums, Frank and Back to Black going multi-platinum. For 10 points, name this English singer appropriately noted for singles including "Rehab". Answer: Amy Winehouse

3. Bernardo Bellincioni suggested that the title figure of one of his paintings "seemed to listen and not to speak", and the reverse of another of his portraits contains a juniper sprig and a motto translated as "Beauty is Virtue". In addition to Cecilia Gallerani, the titular Lady with an Ermine, and Ginevra de' Benci, he depicted an emaciated figure holding a rock in his outstretched hand in a portrait of St. Jerome. A series of drawings involving a cat being cuddled lend credence to the existence of his Madonna with a Cat; he also painted the Benois Madonna in addition to his most famous Madonna, the Virgin of the Rocks. For 10 points, name this Italian who drew a Vitruvian Man and painted La Gioconda. Answer: Leonardo Da Vinci

4. G.K. Chesterton contrasted two types of this concept as "people dancing the minuet on a very polished floor" versus "people dancing the Charleston on a sheet of ice". One of the most important early works on this subject is the Tractatus Coislinianus, and Bonamy Dobree divided this concept into "critical", "free", and "great". This concept only "flourishes" "where women are on the road to an equal footing with men" according to an Essay on [this] by George Meredith. Divided into high and low, the former including satire and the latter including farce and slapstick, FTP, name this genre of drama in which things generally end happier than in tragedy. Answer: comedy

5. He twice failed in his attempts to institute a flat tax based on land productivity due to the influence of powerful landowners. A group of military officers known as the Derg accused this man of covering up a famine after they were dissatisfied with a new constitution written by this man. In 1968, he declared that justice would not come to Africa as long as racism was extant, but may be better known for a 1936 speech to the League of Nations in which he criticized their lack of action against Italy’s invasion of his company. For 10 points, name this son-in-law of Menelik II, the last emperor of Ethiopia. Answer: Haile Selassie I (accept Tafari Makonnen)

6. James Thomson’s lab used OCT4, Sox2, NANOG and LIN28 to create them, while Takahashi and the rest of the Yamanaka lab used OCT3/4, SOX2, C-Myc and Klf4. They usually require a layer of irradiated fibroblasts known as feeder cells to be grown in culture. Both of the papers mentioned in the lead-in found teratomas instead of nice results, so the standard approaches of mesenchymal or umbilical vein ones are still the safest. For 10 points, identify this type of cell that can undergo an unlimited number of symmetrical divisions without differentiating, the use of which embryonic type is still under ethical review. Answer: stem cells (award 10 points and look amazed if someone buzzes with induced pluripotency stem cells, award 10 points out of spite if someone buzzes with teratoma but don’t bother prompting on “tumor”)

7. This god was believed to influence the destiny of the artisans in the Deir-el-Medina district of the city he is most associated with. The similarity of this god’s name to a Semitic root meaning “to open” indicates he may have once been a fertility god. As Ta-Tenen, this god “gave birth to the gods”. He also exists as the primeval waters, Nun, and he is often associated with Sokar and Osiris. For 10 points, identify this chief god of Memphis. Answer: Ptah

8. This battle started with the winning side firing a barrage of arrows into the shielded losing side's front, with not that much effect. A barrage by the winning side on foot weakened the losing side's wall enough where the winners were easily able to lob arrows over the their wall and defeat the British. The beachhead of this battle was near the cities of Senlac and Pevensy, which required a long march for the British from their victory several weeks earlier against a strong Norwegian Viking force. For 10 points, name this battle, which saw the death of Harold Godwinson, allowed the Normans to take England from the Saxons, and established William the Conqueror as King of England. Answer: Battle of Hastings

9. One of this author’s works describes the bawdy adventures of a servant named Amy and her “fortunate mistress,” known variously as Mademoiselle de Beleau and the Countess de Wintelsheim. He defended William III in his poem “The True-Born Englishman,” and wrote in one of his novels of a woman who unwittingly marries her half- brother in Virginia. In another of his novels, the title character is frightened by the sight of a single footprint in the sand after being shipwrecked. FTP, name this man who wrote about a woman who repents in Newgate Prison in Moll Flanders, and a man who defeats cannibals and rescues Friday in Robinson Crusoe. Answer: Daniel Defoe

10. Noam Chomsky wrote that this man's "astonishing claims are far from justified" in an influential 1959 review of this man's book attempting to explain human language, and he adapted Sidney Pressey's revolving-drum device for use in mathematics education. In addition to Verbal Behavior and Technology in Teaching, he created a fictional utopia based on behaviorist principles and his daughter with Yvonne Blue was the first baby to live in his patented aircrib. For 10 points, name this author of Walden Two, a behaviorist who studied shaping and other operant conditioning strategies in his eponymous box. Answer: B(urrhus) F(rederick) Skinner

11. Lesser known musicians to play with this man include Ben Selvin and Isham Jones. He got his start at age 16 with the Ben Pollack orchestra before being able to profit off the Fletcher Henderson songbook. This man claimed that he hated Louis Armstrong because he was willing to do vaudeville shows. Guitarist Charlie Christian and vibraphonist Lionel Hampton started their careers with this man, who led the first integrated concert at Carnegie Hall. His classical training is showcased in his arpeggio-laced solo on "Sing, Sing, Sing". FTP, name this bandleader whose nicknames include "King of Swing" and "Patriarch of the Clarinet". Answer: Benny Goodman

12. Jimmy Gardner started this franchise, and convinced Jack La Violette to do its day to day operations. This team had a ridiculous 10 playoff victories in overtime in its most recent championship season. Chris Nilan holds the franchise record for career penalty in minutes, while George Hainsworth is its leader in career goals against average, not Jacques Plante , who invented the goalie mask while playing for this team, or Ken Dryden. More recently, Saku Koivuu notably came back from stomach cancer to play for this team. FTP, name this team that in 1993 beat the Los Angeles Kings to claim their NHL-record 23rd Stanley Cup. Answer: Montreal Canadiens (accept either)

13. He’s not Salinger, but he reminisces about an eccentric Swiss governess in “Mademoiselle O”, one of his Nine Stories, and he later added a story concluding with two telephone calls asking for “Charlie” as well as three other stories for his namesake “Dozen”. He left The Original of Laura unfinished at his death, so barring the resolution of a legal dispute Look at the Harlequins! may be his last novel. His title characters include Timofey Pavlovich, a professor at Waindell College, and a nymphet that entrances Humbert Humbert. For 10 points, identify this lepidopterist who authored Pnin and Lolita. Answer: Vladimir Nabokov

14. Lunar laser-ranging observations limit the strength of the Nordtvedt effect, which would violate the strong form of this statement. Its strong form does not hold in Brans-Dicke theory, and its weak form is joined by local position invariance and local Lorentz invariance in the version named for the man who popularized it. It was tested by the torsion balance experiments of Eötvös and the Pound-Rebka measurement of gravitational redshift, a phenomenon predicted by this statement. A thought experiment of a free-falling elevator was used by Einstein to illustrate, FTP, this axiom of general relativity whose weak form states that inertial and gravitational mass are the same. Answer: equivalence principle

15. This man had a notable series of debates with John Stokes. Jean de Charlier de Gerson brought the attention of Konrad von Vechta to several parts of this man’s treatise De sex erroribus, and the synod of Bohmisch-Brod was called to deal with issues this man raised. Indirectly affected by fallout over the Council of Pisa, this man attacked the idea of raising funds for a crusade against Ladislaus of Naples by selling indulgences. Excommunicated in 1411 due to his Wycliffite preachings, he was condemned at the Council of Constance and burned at the stake. For 10 points, name this Czech theologian whose followers were part of a namesake series of wars in the early 1400s. Answer: Jan (or John) Hus

16. The most populous area of this nation is called the middle land which contains much more temperate weather conditions where most of the farming and grazing occurs. Lesser known rivers in this country are the Inn, Aire, and Ticino. The tallest point contained within this country is the Dufourspitze of the Monte Rosa. The Lauterbrunnen Valley in this country contains 72 glaciers, and also contains the Jungfrau Munch Eiger group of peaks. Large lesser than known lakes in this country include Lake Neuchatel, and Lake Constance. For 10 points, name this country, which most of the major rivers of Europe run through, has Lake Geneva, and has a namesake alps named for it. Answer: Switzerland

17. This play begins with a cobbler and a carpenter being interrogated by Flavius and Marullus. The title character’s murderer tells him he feels repentant for having killed him, but the only thing the ghost tells him is that he knows what he must do on the battlefield. As this murderer waits on the battlefield with his counselor, he falls on his own sword, and the stoic killers lets his manipulative counselor and lets the rest of his rebels be crushed by the revenging horde. For ten points, name this play about Brutus, Cassius, and a king who likes to say “et tu, brute?”, a work by William Shakespeare. Answer: Julius Caesar

18. NASA's Sea-WIFS [sea-whiffs] sensor is specifically designed to measure the concentration of it in the ocean. Its absorption in the visible red region and reflectance in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum allows for remotely sensed proxy measures such as NDVI and EVI. Its a form is its most common, while other varieties include the b, c1, c2, and d. Fischer, Woodward, and Fleming made major discoveries of its different forms, while a deficiency of it can be caused by unsuitable soil pH, which reduces nitrogen and magnesium availability. For 10 points, name this polyphyrin compound coordinated with magnesium, which converts sunlight into chemical energy in green plants. Answer: Chlorophyll

19. This man got into the army despite his poor eyesight by allegedly memorizing the eyechart before he took the test, and he once lost an election for county judge due to influence of the KKK. Among the acts passed over his veto were one that provided for the use of concentration camps "for emergency reasons" and another that he claimed "would deprive workers of vital protection"; those were the McCarran Act and the Taft-Hartley Act. The Chicago Tribune erroneously claimed that he had been defeated by Thomas Dewey. FTP, name this president from Missouri, who among other things ordered the atomic bombs dropped on Japan, and started the Korean War. Answer: Harry S Truman

NOTE TO MODERATOR: I kept the original answer line as given to me by Jason Luna. I really don't know what (Ed: Not Diana) means, though obviously do not accept "Ceres". 20. She appeared to Celeus as an old woman named Doso, but Metanira foiled her attempts to make Celeus' son Triptolemus immortal. Euripedes' fate is discussed by a group of women attending this goddess's festival in an Aristophanes play, and another festival in her honor was held at Eleusis. Knidos made a well-known statue of this goddess, who can only spend two-thirds of the year with her daughter due to that daughter eating a pomegranate. For 10 points, name this Greek earth goddess, the sister and mother-in-law of Hades, and mother of Persephone. Answer: Demeter (Ed: Not Diana)

BONUSES

1. Peripheral characters in this work include a group of female schoolteachers and a group of Germans gloating over the bombing raids on London. For 10 points each: [10] Name this play which also features Hannah Jelkes and her 97-year-old grandfather Nonno. Answer: Night of the Iguana [10] Night of the Iguana is by this author of Cat on a Hot Tin Roof and A Streetcar Named Desire. Answer: Thomas Lanier “Tennessee” Williams [10] Tom Wingfield finally decides to get away from his crazy mother and sheltered sister after the “gentleman caller” Jim O’Connor accidentally de-horns a unicorn in this Williams play. Answer: The Glass Menagerie

2. His other incarnations include cimetiere, la croix, and criminel. FTPE: [10] Name this religious figure typically depicted in a black top hat and wearing a long black coat and dark glasses. Answer: Baron Samedi (accept Ghede) [10] Name the religion in which Samedi is a loa. It may be better known for a certain kind of "doll" supposedly used to inflict pain on people. Answer: Voodoo [10] Carrefour has dominion over the spirits of the night; this other loa, the intermediary between the loa and humanity, has dominion over those of the day. Answer: Papa Legba

3. The winning commander here actually wanted more forces, to allow for a flanking attack that was deemed "brilliant and comprehensive," but impractical. For 10 points each: [10] P.G.T. Beauregard kicked Irvin McDowell's butt at this 1861 battle and caused the spectators who had come down to watch to flee. Answer: The First Battle of Bull Run (accept, very grudgingly, First Manassas) [10] This commander of the 1st brigade of the Army of the Shenandoah was known as "Old Blue Light", but Barnard Bee bestowed a much more famous nickname on him for his actions at First Bull Run. Answer: Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson [10] This author of the book on militia tactics, "Tactics for the Militia", resigned his post as Adjutant General in the U.S. Army on the outbreak of the war, and along with Robert E. Lee rejected Beauregard's flank attack suggestion. Answer: Samuel Cooper

4. Identify these frontcourt players of the Los Angeles Lakers for 10 points each: [10] The Lakers packaged two first-round draft picks, Javaris Crittenden, Aaron McKie, the draft rights to this dude's brother, and the infamous Kwame Brown to get this Spanish forward/center from the Memphis Grizzlies. Answer: Pau Gasol [10] In 2005 this French forward/center by way of Martinique and Gonzaga needed open-heart surgery to correct an enlarged aortic root, but three years later he's still the same energetic bench guy. Answer: Ronny Turiaf [10] This center from DR Congo averaged a career-high 2.5 points per game after joining the Lakers. After two ten- day contracts, the Lakers decided that was good enough to keep him for the rest of the season. Answer: DJ Mbenga

5. The eigenvalues of this special type of square matrix are just the nonzero values. For 10 points each: [10] Name this type of matrix in which each element x sub i j is nonzero if i equals j and zero if i and j are not equal. Answer: diagonal matrix [10] A special case of the diagonal matrix is this matrix in which all diagonal entries are one and all off-diagonal entries are zero. A matrix multiplied by its inverse yields this matrix. Answer: identity matrix [10] The diagonal matrix itself is a special case of this type of matrix, in which the vast majority of its elements are zero. Other types include band-diagonal and singly-bordered block triangular. Answer: sparse matrix

6. It includes a sonata for violin and flute, two ricercars, and ten canons. For 10 points each: [10] Identify this set of pieces on an improvisational theme by a Prussian King. Answer: "A Musical Offering" [10] "A Musical Offering" was offered by this composer of "Art of the Fugue" and some Brandenburg Concertos. Answer: Johann Sebastian Bach [10] In this first canon in "A Musical Offering", a second voice enters playing the same notes as the first voice, only backward. Answer: Crab Canon

7. One of his novels is narrated by Ixca Cienfuegos, an avatar of the Aztec war god. FTPE: [10] Name this Mexican author of Where the Air is Clear and The Old Gringo. Answer: Carlos Fuentes [10] The Old Gringo was inspired by this author’s disappearance into Mexico. His own works include the story collection In the Midst of Life, which includes “An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge.” Answer: Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce [10] This Fuentes novel employs a multi-voiced narrative in reviewing the life of the title character, a former revolutionary turned capitalist. Answer: The Death of Artemio Cruz or La muerte de Artemio Cruz

8. In this war, the United States back-dated its declaration of war so it would seem as if it was the aggressor. For 10 points each: [10] Name this war in which the Maine blew up and Dewey kicked butt at Manila Bay. Answer: Spanish-American War [10] In Chapter 12 of this book, Howard Zinn discusses how the Spanish-American War was “an empire that was propagated upon people,” or so Jason Luna tells me. Apparently other chapters cover Columbus and the 2000 Election. Answer: A People’s History of the United States [10] The Spanish-American War was touched off when Cuban rebels intercepted a letter from this man to his friend Jose Canalejas. Answer: Enrique Dupuy de Lome

9. Answer the following about killing off cells for 10 points each: [10] Caspases and the Bcl-2 family of proteins function in different pathways that promote this kind of programmed cell death. Answer: apoptosis [10] In contrast, this type of cell death is caused by tissue damage. Cells undergoing this process can burst and release their contents into the surrounding fluid. Answer: necrosis [10] Literally meaning “homeless”, this type of cell death is caused by failure to adhere to a substrate. Answer: anoikis

10. Name these Texas cities for 10 points each: [10] The Cowboys play in this suburb of Dallas that is home to Texas Stadium and the National Boy Scout Headquarters. Answer: Irving [10] This city's most famous attraction is a garrison sacked during the Texan War of Independence. This city is also home to the Riverwalk and the Tower of the Americas. Answer: San Antonio [10] This seaport with a Latin name is located near the north end of Padre Island and is a major naval and petrochemical processing center. Answer: Corpus Christi 11. One character in this film is told that he kisses like Al Pacino, and he later helps avenge Gus's injury by storming the Barracudas with Joey and Double J. FTPE: [10] Tony Manero goes after the wanna-be swank Stephanie Mangano in this film, where a $500 contest is won by a paint-store clerk who lights up the 2001 Odyssey disco. Answer: Saturday Night Fever [10] Saturday Night Fever stars this actor, who made a comeback with Pulp Fiction. Answer: John Travolta [10] At the beginning of Saturday Night Fever, John Travolta is seen walking up the streets of Bay Ridge to this song, which notably claims that "we can try to understand, the New York Times’ effect on man." Answer: "Stayin' Alive"

12. This poem notes that “One may lead a horse to water/but twenty cannot make him drink”. FTPE: [10] Name this 1862 poem in which Laura wastes away waiting to hear the call, “Come buy, Come buy”. Answer: Goblin Market [10] Name this female author of the poem, who had the poem illustrated by her famous brother, Dante Gabriel. Answer: Christina Rossetti [10] This other poem by Christina Rossetti concerns her desire for the return of the titular idea, “to come to her in the silence of night”. Answer: Echo

13. Answer the following about ancient Britain for 10 points each: [10] This name was given to the part of Britain north of Antonine Wall. Answer: Caledonia [10] Better known may be the wall of this Roman Empire, which the Antonine Wall was intended to replace It is the most extant of the walls built by the Roman Emperors. Answer: Hadrian (accept "Hadrian's Wall") [10] When Prasutagus, king of this tribe, died, he left half his lands to Nero and half his lands to his wife Boudica and their daughters. This didn't sit too well with either party, and Boudica led a massive revolt of this people. Answer: Iceni

14. His Selected Writings include “The Poetry of Grammar and the Grammar of Poetry” and “Slavic Epic Studies”. For 10 points each: [10] Name this Russian semiotician and Structuralist who also gave “Six Lectures on Sound and Meaning”. Answer: Roman Jakobson [10] Jakobson, Vilem Mathesius, and others co-founded this functionalist linguistic school in the namesake Czech capital. Answer: Prague School or Circle [10] This man attempted to deconstruct Jakobson’s theory of balance in such works as Of Grammatology. Answer: Jacques Derrida

15. Warning: This is the tournament's 0/1 LGBT distribution. For 10 points each, answer the following about works of dubious literary merit that may or may not contain gay characters: [10] This title character has seven books' worth of adventures with an old gay dude while fighting off Lord Voldemort. Jason Luna wanted you to get twenty points for naming the first and fourth books in the series. Answer: Harry Potter (accept either) [10] This novel by William Gibson concerns Cayce Pollard, who tries to track down the origin of some viral videos. She is aided by, among others, a fictional Japanese schoolgirl and her online friend Parkaboy, whom she assumes is gay. Answer: Pattern Recognition [10] Originally published in Close Range: Wyoming Stories, this short story by Annie Proulx reflects on the relationship between gay cowboys Ennis Del Mar and Jack Twist. Answer: Brokeback Mountain

16. At sufficiently low temperatures, particles with spin that is a multiple of h can become locked together in the lowest quantum state of a system. FTPE: [10] What is this “fifth” state of matter called? Answer: Bose-Einstein Condensate(s) [10] The Bose-Einstein Condensate was first experimentally discovered in an atom of this alkali metal. Answer: Rubidium [10] In March 1996 BECs were observed in this variant of an Ioffe-Pritchard trap, whose center contains a non-zero magnetic field. Many BEC experiments are still performed in this trap. Answer: cloverfield trap

17. Barack Obama won the 2008 nomination for the Democratic party. Answer some questions about some of the people he defeated for 10 points per part. [10] This former Iowa governor announced and ended his candidacy in 2007, never establishing any momentum or fundraising ability. He later endorsed Hillary Clinton. Answer: Thomas (Tom) Vilsack [5,5] For five points each, these two current senators in the US senate dropped out after disappointing results in Iowa. Answer: Chris Dodd. Joe Biden [10] This former senator from Alaska and FairTax proponent has among other things done a commercial where he threw a rock into a pond, and suggested to a group of high school students to smoke marijuana. Answer: Mike Gravel

18. Name these Apocryphal Books of the Bible for 10 points each: [10] This Gnostic gospel says that its namesake's most famous action was not an act of betraying Jesus to the Romans as described by the four canonical gospels, but instead of following Jesus' instructions. Answer: Gospel of Judas [10] Unlike the canonical gospels, this gospel named after an apostle who supposedly traveled to India does not give a narrative of Jesus' life. Answer: Gospel of Thomas [10] Chapter 16 of this epistle, named after a Levite convert to Christianity, describes the aftermath of the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. Answer: Epistle of Barnabas

19. It was inspired by a Richard Dehmel poem of the same name. FTPE: [10] Name this 1899 string sextet, later adapted into the ballet The Pillar of Fire, which contains a notable inverted ninth chord. Answer: Transfigured Night (or Verklärte Nacht) [10] Name the Austrian composer of “Transfigured Night” who developed the twelve-tone technique. Answer: Arnold Schoenberg [10] This 1912 Schoenberg melodrama for five instrumentalists, though most of the time they don’t all play together, consists of music set to 21 Albert Giraud poems. Answer: Pierrot Lunaire

20. According to The Economist, it was the best selling novel world-wide in March 2008. For 10 points each: [10] Name this work about eighteen-year-old Helen Memel, who spends most of the novel in the Department of Internal Medicine at Maria Hilif Hospital after a mishap shaving her pubic hair. Answer: Feuchtgebiete (or Wetlands) [10] Wetlands is a semi-autobiographical work by this German television personality, who crosses into literature after foraying into music with her rock band The Dubinskis. Answer: Charlotte Roche [10] After writing Wetlands, Roche has been compared to this author of Fear of Flying. Answer: Erica Jong