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Cabrillo National Monument (February 2020 Revision) National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Natural Resource Condition Assessment Cabrillo National Monument (February 2020 Revision) Natural Resource Report NPS/CABR/NRR—2020/2076 ON THE COVER Coastal sage scrub plant community and the rocky intertidal habitat at Cabrillo National Monument (NPS). Natural Resource Condition Assessment Cabrillo National Monument (February 2020 Revision) Natural Resource Report NPS/CABR/NRR—2020/2076 Brian Hudgens1, Jessica Abbot1, Tonnie Cummings2, Keith Lombardo3, Melissa Harbert1, Jared Duquette4, and Amon Armstrong1 1Institute for Wildlife Studies P. O. Box 1104 Arcata, CA 95518 2National Park Service, Pacific West Region 612 E. Reserve Street Vancouver, WA 98661 3National Park Service, Cabrillo National Monument 1800 Cabrillo Memorial Dr. San Diego, CA 92106 4Institute for Wildlife Studies 2327 Kettner Blvd. San Diego, CA 92101 February 2020 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service. The series supports the advancement of science, informed decision-making, and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series also provides a forum for presenting more lengthy results that may not be accepted by publications with page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received formal peer review. Peer review was conducted by highly qualified individuals with subject area technical expertise and was overseen by a peer review manager. Views, statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this report do not necessarily reflect views and policies of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the U.S. Government. This report is available in digital format from the Institute for Wildlife Studies website, and the Natural Resource Publications Management website. If you have difficulty accessing information in this publication, particularly if using assistive technology, please email [email protected]. Please cite this publication as: Hudgens B., J. Abbott, T. Cummings, K. Lombardo, M. Harbert, J. Duquette, and A. Armstrong. 2020. Natural resource condition assessment: Cabrillo National Monument (February 2020 revision). Natural Resource Report NPS/CABR/NRR—2020/2076. National Park Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. NPS 342/166832, February 2020 ii Contents Page. Figures .................................................................................................................................................. vii Tables .................................................................................................................................................... xi Executive Summary ............................................................................................................................xiii Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................ xv Acronyms and Abbreviations............................................................................................................... xv Chapter 1. NRCA Background Information .......................................................................................... 1 Chapter 2. Introduction and Resource Setting ....................................................................................... 5 2.1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5 2.1.1. Park History and Enabling Legislation ............................................................................ 5 2.1.2. Environmental Characteristics ......................................................................................... 6 2.1.3. Visitation Statistics ........................................................................................................ 12 2.2. Natural Resources .................................................................................................................. 13 2.2.1. Ecological Units and Watersheds .................................................................................. 13 2.2.2. Resource Descriptions ................................................................................................... 14 2.2.3. Resource Issues and Overview ...................................................................................... 16 2.3. Resource Stewardship ........................................................................................................... 17 2.3.1. Management Directives and Planning Guidance ........................................................... 18 2.3.2. Status of Supporting Science ......................................................................................... 18 Chapter 3. Study Scoping and Design ................................................................................................. 21 3.1. Preliminary Scoping .............................................................................................................. 21 3.2. Study Design ......................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.1. Indicator Framework, Focal Study Resources and Indicators ....................................... 22 3.2.2. Reporting Areas ............................................................................................................. 23 3.2.3. General Approach and Methods .................................................................................... 23 3.3. Format of Component Assessments in Chapter 4 ................................................................. 24 3.3.1. General overview ........................................................................................................... 24 iii Contents (continued) Page 3.3.2. Natural Resource Assessment ....................................................................................... 25 3.3.3. Threats and Stressors ..................................................................................................... 26 Chapter 4. Natural Resource Conditions .............................................................................................. 27 4.1. Vegetation Communities ....................................................................................................... 27 4.1.1. Description .................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.2. Indicators ....................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.3. Reference Conditions/Values ........................................................................................ 29 4.1.4. Data and Methods .......................................................................................................... 30 4.1.5. Current Condition and Trend ......................................................................................... 37 4.1.6. Condition Summary: Status and trend of vegetation ..................................................... 39 4.1.7. Threats and Stressors ..................................................................................................... 41 4.1.8. Knowledge Gaps/Management Recommendations ....................................................... 41 4.1.9. Sources of Expertise ...................................................................................................... 42 4.2. Rocky Intertidal Communities .............................................................................................. 43 4.2.1. Description .................................................................................................................... 43 4.2.2. Indicators ....................................................................................................................... 44 4.2.3. Reference Conditions/Values ........................................................................................ 45 4.2.4. Data and Methods .......................................................................................................... 45 4.2.5. Condition and Trend ...................................................................................................... 48 4.2.6. Threats and Stressors ..................................................................................................... 59 4.2.7. Knowledge Gaps/Management Recommendations ....................................................... 62 4.2.8.
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