French of A-20 THE EVENING SIAR exquisite delicacy. Chicago-sized (3.7 million) size of 's is the coun- patient with the often indolent were unwilling to accept such tion was a bad Washington, D. C., Wednesday, December 2t, 1960 wife (his first cash of marriage be- His second was population makes it at once try’s one crop signifi- Gallicism of the a situation. Senegalese tween strong-willed - cance and most Soudanese partners a daughter of the late, great ex-French Africa’s largest and and that he did everything Had there been other with religious, political, exist subsistence level. part- cultu- on a and architect of modern French most populous state. possible to load the federal ners within the federation, ral, . financial differences. Mr. Keita, the AFRICAN REPORT whom French they might have acted Such a match end Africa. Chad's Felix Eboue) is The baked and dusty plains government with Soudanese as a could only once called “an unrepentent buffer in French. between Mr. Senghor’s divorce. which slope down to the great Communist” (he for sympathetic to his was jailed outlook. Senegal and Mr. Keita’s Sou- The wonder is that it Mr. built lasted Although Senghor trough of the River were his political activities), In the dan. for has end, it was the Souda- Patronage conflicts might more tthan a year-and-a- his political base tribal af- the womb Split on of great medieval only a high school education have avoided by the half. Senegal-Soudan nese’s Afri- necessity finities and long has been African such ancient characteristically an empires as and lacks Mr. Senghor’s in- to give something to third of federal- can inability and unwillingness a or (Tomorrow: Economic War advocate African , Songhai, and Ghana and tellectual affection for French , a fourth party. Between Former Partners) Ends Federation ism, and ex-French the memory of this past great- culture. to understand or show sympa- As it was, the Mail Federa- Hope Africa’s ties with France still ness looms large in the politi- for He is, at 45, a brilliant or- thy a culture and a point SMITH HEMPSTONE, JR. mean a great deal to him. cal mystique of its of view By aggressive ganizer, a dedicated divergent from their Contributing Writer proponent leaders. own which broke the Mali Soudan’s Greatness Past of Pan-African unity, and a The both Federation. , Senegal—The Fed- I Senegalese African. The 54- Influence of France powerful speaker. In contrast to Senegal, which and Catholicism are minimal. Mr. eration of Mali founded on year-old Catholic’s Keita and the Souda- r, was Africanism ftr C, ’> lno’ flowered under the early French The French came late (1865) Unwilling to Understand of K Janury 17, 1959, as representa- is counter-balanced by his nese, heirs the great Bam- BA. 3-2WIO tjL administration, Soudan’s days and few to and the bara Z\ 5609-11 beercia Ave. tives of Senegal, Soudan, Up- Frenchness. Soudan Mr. Senghor and Mr. Keita imperial tradition of an- JC of greatness preceded the white a' ’IP W population today is fewer were and are as incompatible other age, sought to run T f|V.' per Volta and Dahomey swore He was the first African to JANITOR SUPPLIES K French occupation, which was than 7,000. There /) are three as which rough-shod over the more so- allegiance "even unto the su- become a the cultures produced Galvanized full professor at a completed less than a times (1 century as many camels (45,000) them. Although it is phisticated, Westernized Sene- C Moppint Equipment y. i sacrifice” to French unlikely z preme maintain university, fought Waxes—Trash Carts Yy r as ago. as Christians in Soudan and that the Soudanese (as the galese. .\wgLjsjii gay African unity. an infantryman in the French Sweeping Compounds VI Soudan (its new and official 97 cent of the H Ice Pellets—Melts r) per population Senegalese claim) were plan- Since t was Ice "Within matter of Army during World War Senegal’s wealth D a weeks, 11, name is the Mali Republic) is is Muslim. ning it is VISITOUB SHOWBOOM and he writes a coup, equally cer- which paid for the federation, Ivo/y Coast’s astute, conserva- poetry in a twice as large as Texas and its A one-tenth the peanut crop tain that Mr. Keita was im- the Senegalese understandably

TM? is the first of two articles on the. Senegal-Soudan split.

tt«B Felix Houphouet -Boingy, who believes that the interests of each ex-French. African state are best served by retain- ing a direct relationship with Fiance rather than by creating intermediary (federal) govern- ment, had detached Upper Vol- IM SALE I Zlfe,. ta and Dahomey from the fed- eration.

But Senegal’s poet - states- man. Leopold Senghor, and Soudan’s energetic, radical Pre- Special mier Modibo Keita determined to. base the federation on their two states and to work for the creation of a single nation em- bracing all the states of former French . On the night of August 19. Qf INVENTORY! 1960, Senegal announced that, atf the result of “an attempted Soudanese coup which intend- ed brutally to Impose a new conception of partnership on Senegal and to transform radi-

- cally the conception” of the

federation. Senegal was seced- ing from Mali. ’Mali’sPrime Minister Keita (who also served as Premier of Soudan) was placed under house arrest and. within 48 4.OOOPAIRS hours, shipped back to the Soudanese capital of Bamako with the rest of the Soudanese federal officials. Slacks advertised time you’ve seen and again in Esquire, / aaa nifDC ' Illegal Appointment Sports Illustrated and other national magazines. Known for / ullU iollO \ 'What the \ caused collapse their fine fabrics, their superb tailoring... for their fashion- . of Africa’s one working fed- eral rightness. Offered at these prices because took the whole state? we FL f JU J * \ 'The direct cause, the Sene- ‘‘kit and kiboodle” which means, taking some with slight \ P- ’ ' QQ QQ galese maintain, was the 11- ’ ™ irregulars ... most of them BO appointment by Mr. though are perfect. A “banner I r/ 7 * I Ki of Col. Abdoulaye Sou- buy” for us that brings you real savings! f mare as commander-in-chief ¦— i / , ot the federal army. •Col. Soumare’s appointment was illegal because it had / hot been MBHHHB counter-signed by BJamadou Dia, Premier of" Senegal and Vice Premier of Mali. Mr. Dai favored an- other Senegalese colonel, 600 PAIRS Amadou Fall, who had a fine record, in the French army.

, Col. Soumare, who is half- Senegalese and half-Souda- nese, also had a distinguished A 100% record of service in the QQ French army. He lacked the most remote interest in pol- >Jtica and it is interesting to ' note that when Senegal’s se- cession made itImpossible for him to remain in Dakar, he went not to Bamako but to W Oacron polyester Paris, where he was assigned a command in the French army. 1,200 worsted! Mr. Keita’s announcement Rayon* that Col. Soumare had taken | over command of the Mali army precipitated Senegal’s ®acron secession, but it was in no mnn I fester way a basic cause of the col- lapse of the Mali Federation. These causes are to be found ’ww i both in the national differences fibers-nylon! Rayon between Senegal and Soudan | and in the personalities of their leaders. "K I I acetates! Rayon gabs! Long French History

Senegal is the most sophisti- cated of the ex-French states Rayon sheen gabs! south of the Sahara. France 1,200 has been on this coast for more than 300 years and the inhab- itants of Dakar (Senegal’s cap- Rayon flannels! Worsted ital and formerly that of Mali) Hb I? QQ I / have had the full rights of French citizenship (including the right to elect representa- tives to Paris) for more than a century. Senegal has a wealthy French population of 50,000 me and-wear! (there are 2.2 million Africans) most of ex-French West Af- rica’s industry is concentrated Choose Plain ijere, and the Catholic faith, /ma tops! although it has fewer adher- 600 s ents than Islam, is the religion - of many prominent African / Pleateil lo|is! Conti leaders. 'RSt Was Professor in France

Its industries, the port of QQ models! Solid Dakar (the third largest in the ( 1 after Mar- seille and Le Havre), and its \ colors! Some tons) 1 huge (900,000 peanut i crop, give its citizens a far higher per capita income than those of poor, populous Soudan. Leopold Senghor, Senegal’s president, is the epitome of a

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