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The Diagnosis of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and Class Ii Allel In

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The Diagnosis of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and Class Ii Allel In KLİNİK ÇALIŞMA / CLINICAL RESEARCH Van Tıp Derg 26(2): 162-166, 2019 DOI: 10.5505/vtd.2019.42042 The Diagnosis of Human Leukocyte Antigen Class I and Class Ii Allel In Eastern Anatolia Region Doğuanadolu Bölgesinde İnsan Lökosit Antijen Sınıf I ve Sınıf II Alel Dağılımı Eda Balkan*, Ezgi Yaşar, Hasan Doğan Atatürk Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Tibbi Biyoloji Anabilim Dalı Erzurum Türkiye ABSTRACT ÖZET Objective: The aim of our study was to investigate the Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı Doğu Anadolu bölgesindeki frequency of HLA class I and class II alleles in Eastern HLA sınıf I ve sınıf II alelerinin sıklığının araştırılmasıdır. Anatolia. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya aralarında herhangi bir Materials and Methods: The study included 1050 akrabalık ilişkisi olmayan 1050 kemik iliği vericisi alındı. unrelated bone marrow donors from the archives. HLA HLA sınıf I ve II polimorfizmleri, polimeraz zincir class I and II polymorphisms were identified using reaksiyonu (PCR) metodu ile sekansa özgü primerler polymerase chain reactions (PCR) using sequence- (SSP) ve sekansa spesifik oligonükleotidler (SSO) specific primers (SSP) and sequence-specific kullanılarak belirlendi. Etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. oligonucleotides (SSO). Ethical approval was obtained. Bulgular: En yaygın aleller, HLA-A lokusunda, HLA- Results: The most common alleles were HLA-A*02 A*02 (21,1%), HLA-A*24 (18,4%), HLA-A*03 (12,3%), (21.1%), HLA-A*24 (18.4%), and HLA-A*03 (12.3%) in HLA-B lokusunda HLA-B*35 (20%), HLA-B*51 (18,3%), the HLA-A locus; HLA-B*35 (20%), HLA-B*51 (18.3%), HLA-B*44 (6,3), HLA-DR lokusunda HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-B*44 (6.3%) in the HLA-B locus; and HLA- (22,3%), HLA-DRB1*04 (16,2%), HLA-DRB1*15 DRB1*11 (22.3%), HLA-DRB1*04 (16.2%), and HLA- (12,4%) olarak belirlendi. DRB1*15 (12.4%) in the HLA-DR locus. Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçlarımız, daha önce yapılan Conclusion: Our results are consistent with the HLA çalışmalarda tespit edilen HLA antijenleri ile uyumludur. antigens identified in previous studies. We believe that Çalışmamız bölgemizdeki HLA çeşitliliğinin our study will contribute to the determination of HLA belirlenmesinde katkı sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz. diversity in our region. Consolidating the data obtained Çalışmamızda elde ettiğimiz veriler ve diğer ulusal in this study and other national data will facilitate the verilerin toplanılması kemik iliği bağışçılarının seçiminde selection of bone marrow donors. yardımcı olacaktır Key Words: HLA; Class I; Class II Anahtar Kelimeler: HLA; sınıf I; sınıf II Introduction protein antigens to antigen-specific T lymphocytes (1). The MHC (major histocompatibility complex), HLAs have considerable clinical importance. HLA which is found in all vertebrates, is a diverse molecules are the main cause of acute rejection group of genes encoding molecules with and after transplantation. Graft survival is associated without immune-related functions. The human with HLA compatibility between the recipient and MHC is called the human leukocyte antigen donor. (HLA) genes. HLAs are glycoproteins expressed In addition, it has been determined that some by the human MHC region. In humans, the MHC diseases have a higher prevalence among is located on the short arm of chromosome 6. individuals with certain HLA alleles. These include HLA antigens are divided into three groups the common conditions ankylosing spondylitis according to their structural and functional (B27), celiac disease (DR3), and Behçet's disease. properties: Class I (HLA-A, -B, -C), Class II There are several hypotheses regarding the role of (HLA-DR, -DQ, -DP), and Class III (properdin HLAs in autoimmune disease, such as antigenic factor B [FB], tumor necrosis factor [TNF], C4A, mimicry between pathogens and HLA, and C4B, and C2). The physiological function of HLA antigenic hypo-and hyperresponsiveness regulated molecules is to present peptides derived from *Sorumlu Yazar: Dr Öğr Üyesi Eda Balkan, Ataturk Unıversıty Medıcal Biology Erzurum /Turkey E-mail:[email protected], Phone: 0 (533) 540 28 26 Geliş Tarihi: 03.04.2018, Kabul Tarihi: 23.10.2018 Balkan ve ark. / Hla Class I Class II Frequences Table 1. Distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A allele frequencies HLA-A alleles Allele Frequency (%) A*02 21.1% A*24 18.4% A*03 12.3% A*11 11.3% A*01 9.2% A*26 6% A*68 4.8% A*32 3.5% A*29 3.5% A*23 3.1% A*30 2.9% A*31 1.5% A*31 1% A*28 0.5% A*66 0.4% A*25 0.3% A*69 0.1% by class II genes (2). oligonucleotide primed PCR (PCR-SSO) There is a broad range of HLA molecules in the (Lifecodes, Immucor, Norcross, GA, USA). population. The frequencies of the HLA alleles PCR-SSO amplification was performed in a show considerable variation between different Labcycler (SensoQuest GmbH, Germany). populations. HLA diversity results in significant Following the oligonucleotide probes and immunological differences among individuals. A conjugated streptavidin on hybridized fluorescent total of 17,695 HLA alleles have been reported to beads step, the results were analyzed using date, 12,893 in the class I region and 4,802 in the MatchIT Software (version 3.27). PCR-SSP class II region, and this number continues to amplification was performed in a PE 9700 thermal increase (3). cycler and the resulting PCR products were loaded In the present study, we aimed to determine the in an agarose gel, visualized in ultraviolet (UV) frequency of HLA alleles in healthy individuals light. Positives were documented and analyzed tested by the Tissue Typing Laboratory of a using the Start Scored program. Health Research and Application Center Hospital The study was conducted in accordance with the between 2007 and 2017, and to assess the results principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was of HLA genotyping (4-6). approved by the local ethics committee (Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine Ethics Committee Materials and Methods no:21). Written informed consent forms were obtained from each volunteer bone marrow A total of 1,050 unrelated volunteer bone marrow donor. The frequencies of HLA-A, -B, and -DR donors who applied for HLA tissue typing were alleles were analyzed using SPSS the study data included. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole were analysed using SPSS® version 23.0 (IBM blood using EZ-1 isolation kit (QIAGEN GmbH, Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) statistical software Hilden, Germany). HLA Class I and II (HLA-A, - package. Frequency distributions were used for B, -DRB1) tissue typing was performed on all comparisons. samples using low-resolution polymerase chain reaction using sequence-specific primers (PCR- Results SSP) (One lambda, SSP AB, Stockholm, Sweden) and Luminex-based sequence-specific Seventeen different HLA-A alleles were identified in our group of 1,050 bone marrow donors. The Van Tıp Derg Cilt:26, Sayı:2, Nisan/2019 163 Balkan ve ark. / Hla Class I Class II Frequences Table 2. Distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B allele frequencies HLA-B alleles Allele Frequency (%) B*35 20.0% B*51 18.3% B*44 6.3% B*49 6.2% B*52 5.1% B*18 4.5% B*38 4.3% B*55 4.2% B*07 4.2% B*50 3.7% B*08 3.6% B*41 2.4% B*40 2.3% B*27 2.2% B*15 2.2% B*13 1.9% B*57 1.5% B*58 1.4% B*14 1.4% B*39 0.9% B*53 0.6% B*37 0.6% B*45 0.4% B*47 0.3% B*56 0.2% B*60 0.2% Table 3. Distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR allele frequencies HLA-DR alleles Allele Frequency (%) DRB1*11 22.3% DRB1*04 16.2% DRB1*15 12.4% DRB1*13 11.9% DRB1*03 9.0% DRB1*07 6.9% DRB1*14 6.5% DRB1*01 5.2% DRB1*16 3.1% DRB1*08 2.7% DRB1*10 2.1% most common alleles in the HLA-A locus were The most common HLA-B alleles were HLA- HLA-A*02 (21.1%), HLA-A*24 (18.4%), and B*35 (20%), HLA-B*51 (18.3%), HLA-B*44 HLA-A*03 (12.3%) (Table 1). Twenty-six (6.3%) (Table 2). In the HLA-DR locus, the most different alleles were detected in the HLA-B locus. common alleles were HLA-DRB1*11 (22.3%), Van Tıp Derg Cilt:26, Sayı:2, Nisan/2019 164 Balkan ve ark. / Hla Class I Class II Frequences HLA-DRB1*04 (16.2%), and HLA-DRB1*15 Söyöz et al. (6) determined that the highest (12.4%) (Table 3). frequency alleles among 450 bone marrow donors were HLA-A*02, HLA-B*35, and HLA-DRB1*11. Discussion The results of our study corroborate the findings of other studies conducted in Turkey. We believe The most frequently detected HLAs in our study our study makes an important contribution to were A*02, B*35, and DRB1*11. Previous studies HLA allele frequency data in the Eastern Anatolia have identified HLA antigen types in different region of Turkey. Our next study will investigate populations and groups using a variety of HLA haplotype frequency in a larger Turkish methods. Our findings are similar to the most population. common HLA alleles found in other regional Conflict of Interest: None studies conducted in Turkey. Source of Funding: None Choukri et al. (7) reported the distribution of HLA-A and -B alleles among 100 healthy, References unrelated individuals living in the Casablanca region of Morocco as HLA-A*02 (21%), A*01 (11%), A*03 (10%), B*44 (11.4%), B*50 (9.9%), 1. Abbas KA, Andrew HL, Pillai S.
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