Photograph 17. Riparian Shrub Photograph 18. Meadow Marsh

Photograph 17. Riparian shrub Photograph 18. Meadow marsh

PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-4 Mammal Species List

Page 1 Appendix 9-4 List of Mammal Species in the Local Assessment Area and Their Conservation Status

Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status*

American Beaver Castor canadensis American Black Bear Ursus americanus American Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus American Marten Martes americana American Mink Neovison vison American Water Shrew Sorex palustris Arctic Shrew Sorex arcticus Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Canada Lynx Lynx canadensis Coyote Canis latrans Eastern Heather Vole Phenacomys ungava Ermine (Short-Tailed Weasel) Mustela erminea Fisher Martes pennanti Grey Wolf Canis lupus Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus House Mouse Mus musculus Least Chipmunk Eutamias minimus Least Weasel Mustela nivalis Little Brown Myotis (Bat) Myotis lucifugus Endangered- SARA Schedule 1 Masked Shrew Sorex cinereus Meadow Jumping Mouse Zapus hudsonius Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus Moose Alces alces Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus North American Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Northern Bog Lemming Synaptomys borealis Northern Flying Squirrel Glaucomys sabrinus Northern Myotis (Bat) Myotis septentrionalis Endangered - SARA Schedule 1 Pygmy Shrew Sorex hoyi Raccoon Procyon lotor Red Fox Vulpes vulpes Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsonicus River Otter Lontra canadensis

Appendix 9-4 Page 1 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status*

Short-Tailed Shrew Blarina brevicauda Silver-Haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Snowshoe Hare Lepus americanus Southern Red-Backed Vole Clethrionomys gapperi Star-Nosed Mole Condylura cristata Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis White-Tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus Wolverine Gulo gulo Special Concern –SARA Woodchuck Marmota monax Woodland Caribou Rangifer tarandus caribou Threatened –SARA and MBESEA; S2 Note: * Included in Conservation Status Listing: Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC 2015: rare and very rare species); federal Species at Risk Act (SARA: Schedule 1); The Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act of Manitoba (MBESEA: Endangered or Threatened) Species at Risk Act (SARA) (2015) Definitions for Status Listing: § Schedule 1: is the official list of species that are classified as extirpated, endangered, threatened, and of special concern. § Threatened: a wildlife species that is likely to become endangered if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction. § Special Concern: a wildlife species that may become a threatened or an endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. § Endangered: A wildlife species facing imminent extirpation or extinction.

Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act of Manitoba (MBESEA) (2015) Definitions for Status Listing: § Threatened: is likely to become endangered; or is particularly at risk if the factors affecting its vulnerability do not become reversed due to low or declining numbers in Manitoba. § Endangered: is threatened with imminent extinction or with extirpation throughout all or a significant portion of its Manitoba range.

Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC) (2015) Definitions for Provincial Status Listing (for rare and very rare species): § S1: Very rare throughout its range or in the province (5 or fewer occurrences, or very few remaining individuals). May be especially vulnerable to extirpation. § S2: Rare throughout its range or in the province (6 to 20 occurrences). May be vulnerable to extirpation. § ? : Inexact or uncertain; for numeric ranks, denotes inexactness.

Appendix 9-4 Page 2 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-5 Amphibian and Reptile Species List

Page 1 Appendix 9-5: List of Amphibian and Reptile Species in the Local Assessment Area and Their Conservation Status

Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* American Toad Bufo americanus Blue-Spotted Salamander Ambystoma laterale Boreal Chorus Frog Pseudacris triseriata Common Snapping Turtle Chelydra serpentina serpentina Special Concern –SARA Schedule 1 Cope's Gray Tree Frog Hyla chrysoscelis Gray Tree Frog Hyla versicolor Green Frog Rana clamitans S1S2 Mink Frog Rana septentrionalis Mudpuppy Necturus maculosus Northern Leopard Frog Lithobates pipiens Eastern Populations – Not At Risk Northern Spring Peeper Hyla crucifer Red-Sided Garter Snake Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis Western Painted Turtle Chrysemys picta Wood Frog Rana sylvatica Note: * Included in Conservation Status Listing: Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC 2015: rare and very rare species); federal Species at Risk Act (SARA: Schedule 1); The Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act of Manitoba (MBESEA: Endangered or Threatened); Species at Risk Act (SARA) (2015) Definitions for Status Listing: § Schedule 1: is the official list of species that are classified as extirpated, endangered, threatened, and of special concern. § Threatened: a wildlife species that is likely to become endangered if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction. § Special Concern: a wildlife species that may become a threatened or an endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. § Endangered: A wildlife species facing imminent extirpation or extinction.

Appendix 9-5 Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-6 Bird Species List

Page 1 Appendix 9-6: List of Bird Species in the Local Assessment Area and Their Conservation Status

Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Alder Flycatcher Empidonax alnorum American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus American Black Duck Anas rubripes American Coot Fulica americana American Crow Corvus brachyrhychos American Golden-Plover Pluvialis dominica American Goldfinch Spinus tristis American Kestrel Falco sparverius American Pipit Anthus rubescens American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla American Robin Turdus migratorius American Three-Toed Picoides dorsalis Woodpecker American Tree Sparrow Spizella arborea American White Pelican Pelicanus erythrorhynchos American Wigeon Anas americana American Woodcock Scolopax minor Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Bald Eagle Haliaeetus leucocephalus Baltimore Oriole Icterus galbula Bank Swallow Riparia riparia Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica Barred Owl Strix varia Bay-Breasted Warbler Setophaga castanea Belted Kingfisher Megaceryle alcyon Black Scoter Melanitta americana Black Tern Chlidonias niger Black-And-White Warbler Mniotilta varia Black-Backed Woodpecker Picoides arcticus Black-Bellied Plover Pluvialis squatarola Black-Billed Cuckoo Coccyzus erythropthalmus Black-Billed Magpie Pica hudsonia Blackburnian Warbler Setphaga fusca Black-Capped Chickadee Poecile atricapillus Blackpoll Warbler Setophaga striata Black-Throated Green Setophaga virens

Appendix 9-6 Page 1 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Warbler Blue Jay Cyanocitta cristata Blue-Headed Vireo Vireo solitarius Blue-Winged Teal Anas discors Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus Bonaparte's Gull Chroicocephalus philadelphia Boreal Chickadee Poecile hudsonicus Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus Brewer`s Blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus Broad-Winged Hawk Buteo platypterus Brown Creeper Certhia americana Brown-Headed Cowbird Molothrus ater Buff-Breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis Bufflehead Bucephala albeola Canada Goose Branta canadensis Canada Warbler Cardellina canadensis Threatened- SARA Schedule 1; Endangered - MBESEA Canvasback Aythya valisineria Cape May Warbler Setophaga tigrina Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum Chestnut-Collared Longspur Calcarius ornatus Threatened- SARA Schedule 1; Endangered - MBESEA Chestnut-Sided Warbler Setophaga pensylvanica Chipping Sparrow Spizella passerina Clay-Colored Sparrow Spizella pallida Cliff Swallow Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula Common Grackle Quiscalus quiscula Common Loon Gavia immer Common Merganser Mergus merganser Common Nighthawk Chordeiles minor Threatened- SARA Schedule 1, MBESEA Common Raven Corvus corax Common Redpoll Acanthis flammea Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago Common Tern Sterna hirundo Common Yellowthroat Geothlypis trichas Connecticut Warbler Oporornis agilis Dark-Eyed Junco Junco hyemalis

Appendix 9-6 Page 2 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Double-Crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus Downy Woodpecker Picoides pubescens Dunlin Calidris alpina Eastern Bluebird Sialia sialis Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus Eastern Phoebe Sayornis phoebe European Starling Sturnus vulgaris Eastern Whip-Poor-Will Antrostomus vociferus Threatened- SARA Schedule 1, MBESEA Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens Evening Grosbeak Coccothraustes verspetinus Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri Fox Sparrow Passerella iliaca Franklin's Gull Leucophaeus pipixcan Gadwall Anus strepera Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos Golden-Crowned Kinglet Regulus satrapa Gray Catbird Dumetella carolinensis Gray Jay Perisoreus canadensis Gray-Cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Great Gray Owl Strix nebulosa Great Horned Owl Bubo virginianus Greater Scaup Aythya marila Greater White-Fronted Goose Anser albifrons Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca Green-Winged Teal Anas crecca Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus Hairy Woodpecker Picoides villosus Harris's Sparrow Zonotrichia querula Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus Herring Gull Larus argentatus Hoary Redpoll Acanthis hornemanni Hooded Merganser Lophodytes cucullatus Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris House Sparrow Passer domesticus House Wren Troglodytes aedon

Appendix 9-6 Page 3 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Killdeer Charadrius vociferus Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus Le Conte's Sparrow Ammodramus leconteii Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis Threatened- SARA Schedule 1; Endangered - MBESEA Least Flycatcher Empiodnax minimus Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Lincoln's Sparrow Melospiza lincolnii Long-Billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus Long-Eared Owl Asio otus Long-Tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis Magnolia Warbler Setophaga magnolia Mallard Anus platyrhynchos Merlin Falco columbarius Mountain Bluebird Sialia currocoides Mourning Warbler Geothlypis philadelphia Nashville Warbler Oreothlypis ruficapilla Northern Flicker Colaptes auratus Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus Northern Hawk Owl Surnia ulula Northern Mockingbird Mimus polyglottos Northern Parula Setophaga americana Northern Pintail Anus acuta Northern Saw-Whet Owl Aegolius acadicus Northern Shoveler Anus clypeata Northern Shrike Lanius excubitor Northern Waterthrush Parkesia noveboracensis Olive-Sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi Threatened- SARA Schedule 1 Orange-Crowned Warbler Oreothlypis celata Osprey Pandion haliaetus Ovenbird Seirus aurocapillus Palm Warbler Setophaga palmarum Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos Peregrine Falcon+ Falco peregrinus Special Concern - SARA Schedule 1; Endangered - anatum/tundrius MBESEA Philadelphia Vireo Vireo philadelphicus

Appendix 9-6 Page 4 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Pied-Billed Grebe Podylimbus podiceps Pileated Woodpecker Dryocopos pileatus Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator Pine Siskin Spinus pinus Purple Finch Haemorhous purpureus Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra Red-Breasted Merganser Mergus serrator Red-Breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis Red-Eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus Red-Necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena Red-Necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus Red-Tailed Hawk Buteo jamaicensis Red-Winged Blackbird Agelaius phoeniceus Ring-Billed Gull Larus delawarensis Ring-Necked Duck Aythya collaris Rock Dove Columba livia Rose-Breasted Grosbeak Pheucticus ludovicianus Ross's Goose Chen rossii Rough-Legged Hawk Buteo lagopus Ruby-Crowned Kinglet Regulus calendula Ruby-Throated Hummingbird Archilochus colubris Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres Ruffed Grouse Bonasa umbellus Rusty Blackbird Euphagus carolinus Special Concern- SARA Schedule 1 Sanderling Calidris alba Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis Savannah Sparrow Passerculus sandwichensis Sedge Wren Cistorthorus platensis Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla Sharp-Shinned Hawk Accipter striatus Sharp-Tailed Grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus Short-Billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus Short-Eared Owl Asio flammeus Special Concern- SARA Schedule 1 Threatened - MBESEA Smith's Longspur Calcarius pictus Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis

Appendix 9-6 Page 5 Common Name Scientific Name Conservation Status* Snow Goose Chen caerulescens Snowy Owl Bubo scandiaca Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia Sora Porzana carolina Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularia Sprague's Pipit Anthus spragueii Threatened- SARA Schedule 1, MBESEA Spruce Grouse Falcipennis canadensis Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus Surf Scoter Melanitta perspicillata Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus Swamp Sparrow Melospiza georgiana Tennessee Warbler Oreothlypis peregrina Tree Swallow Tachycineta bicolor Trumpeter Swan Cygnus buccinator Threatened - MBESEA Tundra Swan Cyngus columbianus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Vesper Sparrow Pooecetes gramineus Warbling Vireo Vireo gilvus Western Grebe Aechmorphorus occidentalis White-Crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys White-Rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis White-Throated Sparrow Zonotrichia albicollis White-Winged Crossbill Loxia leucoptera White-Winged Scoter Melanitta fusca Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolour Wilson's Warbler Cardellina pusilla Winter Wren Troglodytes hiemalis Wood Duck Aix sponsa Yellow Rail Coturnicops noveboracensis Special Concern- SARA Schedule 1 Yellow Warbler Setophaga petechia Yellow-Bellied Flycatcher Empidonax flaviventris Yellow-Bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius Yellow-Rumped Warbler Setophaga coronata Note: + Peregrine Falcon is considered a potential visitor in the Local Assessment Area. * Included in Conservation Status Listing: Manitoba Conservation Data Centre (MBCDC 2015: rare and very rare species); federal Species at Risk Act (SARA: Schedule 1); The Endangered Species and Ecosystems Act of Manitoba (MBESEA: Endangered or Threatened)

Appendix 9-6 Page 6 Species at Risk Act (SARA) (2015) Definitions for Status Listing: § Schedule 1: is the official list of species that are classified as extirpated, endangered, threatened, and of special concern. § Threatened: a wildlife species that is likely to become endangered if nothing is done to reverse the factors leading to its extirpation or extinction. § Special Concern: a wildlife species that may become a threatened or an endangered species because of a combination of biological characteristics and identified threats. § Endangered: A wildlife species facing imminent extirpation or extinction.

Appendix 9-6 Page 7 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-7 Potential Terrestrial Species at Risk in the Local Assessment Area

Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Table 9.7a: Regulatory and Ecological Context For Species at Risk that Potentially Occur in the Project 4 Region

Rare Species Listing Status (Federal and Provincial) Species Common Name Scientific Name Ecological Context / Habitat Description Is Critical Habitat in RAA? Potential Occurrence in Local Assessment Area (LAA) or Regional Assessment Area (RAA) SARA COSEWIC MBCDC MESA Recovery Strategy Plan

Vegetation Flooded Jellyskin Lichen Leptogium Threatened, Special S1 Not listed Recovery Strategy Flooded jellyskin grows on periodically No - critical habitat not Low Potential: not observed during field studies in 2015 and no historical records of rivulare Schedule 1 Concern (2013) inundated surfaces; usually found on the present in RAA. occurrence in the RAA, or in this part of Manitoba. bark of deciduous trees (e.g., ash, red maple, silver maple, American elm), along the banks of ponds and waterways, and in swampy forests that flood annually in the spring. Reptiles Snapping turtle Chelydra Special Special S3 Not listed Proposed Snapping turtles occupy a wide variety of No - EC does not identify Very Low Potential: Potentially occurs in regional assessment area (RAA) but not observed serpentina Concern, Concern management plan - habitats but prefer slow-moving water specific critical habitat. during field studies (Appendix 9.1). It is on the northern range for this species. One historical serpentina Schedule 1 northern limit of range with a soft mud bottom and dense aquatic observation by FN Members. near LAA vegetation. Established populations are most often found in ponds, marshes, swamps, peat bogs, shallow bays, river and lake edges, and slow-moving streams (Harding, 1997; Ernst and Lovich, 2009; Paterson et al., 2012). Forest Birds Bank swallow Riparia riparia No schedule, Threatened Not Not listed COSEWIC Status Occurs most commonly across grassland, No - EC does not identify Very Low Potential: May occur in RAA but the species and habitat were not observed during no status listed report only aspen parkland, and plains ecoregions. It specific critical habitat. field studies (Appendix 9.1) nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys (Table 9.7). occurs throughout other regions (e.g., Boreal forest) of these provinces, but is recorded infrequently. Barn swallow Hirundo rustica No schedule, Threatened Not Not listed COSEWIC Status Barn Swallows typically select nesting and No - EC does not identify Low Potential: May occur in RAA but the species was not observed during field studies no status listed report only foraging sites close to open habitats such specific critical habitat. (Appendix 9.1) nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys (Table 9.7); no habitat identified in the LAA. as farmlands of various description, wetlands, road rights-of-way, large forest clearings, cottage areas, islands, sand dunes, and subarctic tundra. Canada Warbler Cardellina Threatened, Threatened S4B Threatened Yes (2016) Canada Warbler breeds in various habitats No - Recovery strategy says Moderate Potential: Suitable habitat exists in RAA but the species were not observed during canadensis Schedule 1 across its range, but is almost always information lacking with field studies (Joro 2015). associated with moist forests with a schedule determined in dense, deciduous shrub layer, complex future. understory, and available perch trees. Nests are built on or near the ground (Reitsma et al. 2010). They are placed on moss and raised hummocks, within holes of root masses, rotting tree stumps, clumps of grass, rock cavities, etc. (Reitsma et al. 2010). Chimney swift Chaetura Threatened, Threatened S2B Threatened No - status report only Chimney Swift nesting habitat consists of No - EC does not identify Very Low Potential: May occur in RAA but not observed during field studies (Appendix 9.1) pelagica Schedule 1 vertical surfaces such as chimneys; spend specific critical habitat. nor Breeding Bird Atlas Surveys (Table 9.7) and no suitable habitat identified in LAA. most of the day foraging for insects on the wing. It is difficult to associate the species with a single type of habitat; its presence in a particular area largely depends on the availability of suitable nesting sites (DeGraaf and Rappole 1995) and the abundance of insects (Kaufman 1996).

Appendix 9-7 Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Common Nighthawk Chordeiles Threatened, Threatened S3B Threatened Yes (2016) Common Nighthawks require open ground No - Recovery strategy High Potential: Observed during field studies (Joro 2015) in the LAA and likely to occur in low minor Schedule 1 or clearings for nesting. The species breeds indicates information numbers in localized location throughout the RAA. in a wide range of open habitats including lacking with schedule sandy areas (e.g., dunes, eskers, and determined in future. beaches), open forests (e.g., mixedwood and coniferous stands, burns, and clearcuts), grasslands (e.g., short-grass prairies, pastures, and grassy plains), sagebrush, wetlands (e.g., bogs, marshes, lakeshores, and riverbanks), gravelly or rocky areas (e.g., outcrops, barrens, gravel roads, gravel rooftops, railway beds, mines, quarries, and bare mountain tops and ridges), and some cultivated or landscaped areas (e.g., parks, military bases, airports, blueberry fields, orchards, cultivated fields) (Hunt 2005, Campbell et al. 2006, COSEWIC 2007). Eastern Whip-poor-will Antrostomus Threatened, Threatened S3B Threatened Yes (2015) Forests (e.g., deciduous, mixedwood, No - Not in LAA; some High Potential: May occur in RAA and habitat for the species exists in the LAA; the species vociferus Schedule 1 coniferous, treed wetlands) and open critical habitat near was not observed during field studies nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys. habitats (e.g., shrublands, fallow fields, Ontario. regeneration following fires or clear-cuts, rock and sand outcrops; shrubby wetlands) form a mosaic. Eastern Wood-pewee Contopus No schedule, Special S4B Not listed COSEWIC Status In Canada, the Eastern Wood-Pewee breeds No - EC does not identify Low Potential: May occur in RAA and habitat for the species exists in the LAA; however, the virens no status Concern report only mostly in mature and intermediate-age specific critical habitat; species was not observed during field studies (Joro 2015) nor evaluations conducted by deciduous and mixed forests (less often in LAA/RAA on northern Breeding Bird Atlas surveys (Table 9.7). coniferous forest) having an open fringe of range -COSEWIC understory (Ouellet 1974; Godfrey 1986; Peck and James 1987; Gauthier and Aubry 1995; Falconer 2010; Burke et al. 2011). It is often associated with forests dominated by Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum), elm (Ulmus sp.) and oak (Quercus sp.; Graber et al. 1974). It is usually associated with forest clearings and edges within the vicinity of its nest (Hespenheide 1971; Peck and James 1987). Olive-Sided Flycatcher Contopus Threatened, Threatened S3S4B Threatened Yes (2016) In Canada, Olive-sided Flycatcher breeds No - EC does not identify Moderate Potential: The RAA is within the range maps for the species, and habitat occurs in cooperi Schedule 1 primarily in boreal, sub-boreal, interior, specific critical habitat. the LAA. The species was not observed during field studies nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys; and coastal forest regions of the country. expected to occur in low numbers dispersed throughout the RAA. Peregrine Falcon Falco Special Special S1B Endangered Management plan Peregrine Falcons generally nest on cliff Management Plan Low Potential: Expected to be an occasional transient (not breeding) through the LAA and peregrinus Concern - Concern (2015) ledges or crevices. Cliffs ranging from 50 illustrates breeding range. may periodically occur in RAA. Peregrines not observed during field studies nor Breeding Bird Schedule 1 to 200 m high are preferred (Cade 1960; One known occurrence Atlas surveys. Potential nest site north of the LAA at Thunder Hill near the Poplar River. White and Cade 1971). The species is near Poplar River. highly adaptable in nest site selection. Rusty Blackbird Euphagus Special Special Not Not listed Management plan Rusty Blackbird has been observed in No - EC does not identify Very Low Potential: May occur in RAA but habitat limited in LAA and not observed during carolinus Concern - Concern listed (2015) many riparian habitats including (but not specific critical habitat. field studies nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys. Schedule 1 limited to) wetlands associated with recent burns, peat bogs, riparian scrub, open moss- and lichen-spruce woodlands, sedge meadows, marshes, alder and willow thickets, and estuaries (COSEWIC 2006).

Appendix 9-7 Page 2 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Short-Eared Owl Asio flammeus Special Special S2S3B Threatened No - Management Short-eared Owls occur in a variety of open No - EC does not identify High Potential: Migrate through the RAA in low numbers; habitat exists in the LAA and the Concern - Concern plan (2016) native habitats: grasslands, Arctic tundra, specific critical habitat. species was observed during field studies (Joro 2015) but not during Breeding Bird Atlas Schedule 1 taiga, bogs, marshes, coastal wetlands, Survey (Table 9.7). coastal barrens, estuaries and grasslands dominated by sand-sage (Artemisia filifolia). There is little specific information regarding habitat preferences at the landscape scale, but a mosaic of grasslands and wetlands provides optimal breeding and foraging habitats (Wiggins, 2004). Waterbirds Horned Grebe Podiceps No schedule, Special Not Not listed COSEWIC Status In Manitoba, the Horned Grebe breeds No - EC does not identify Moderate Potential: May occur in RAA in low numbers; limited habitat for the species exists auritus no status Concern listed Report only throughout the province with the specific critical habitat. in the RAA. The species was not observed during field studies (Joro 2015) nor evaluations exception of certain eastern regions. It is conducted by Breeding Bird Atlas Survey (Table 9.7). probably more common in the Minnedosa region, but its abundance in the Prairie region fluctuates according to the water level. The species is generally less abundant in summer in the southeastern part of the province. Some individuals breed in Churchill, mainly in marshes near Akudlik and in the Goose Creek region (Holland and Taylor, 2003). Trumpeter Swan Cygnus No schedule, Not at risk S1B Endangered Not applicable It prefers nesting is shallow wetlands with N/A. Low Potential: Very low potential for breeding but increased numbers migrating through buccinator no status stable water levels, abundant and elevated RAA. Seen during field studies and listed in Breeding Bird Atlas. nest sites, abundant and diverse aquatic invertebrates and/or plants and low levels of human disturbance. Yellow Rail Coturnicops Special Special S3B Not listed No - Management Yellow Rails inhabit shallow wetlands and No- EC does not identify Very Low Potential: May breed in the low numbers in RAA; not observed during field studies noveboracensis Concern - Concern plan other wet areas with grass-like vegetation. specific critical habitat. nor Breeding Bird Atlas surveys. Schedule 1 Breed in wetlands such as damp hay fields or meadows, floodplains, bogs, upper levels of estuaries, salt marshes (Bookhout 1995, Alvo and Robert 1999, COSEWIC 2009), shallow prairie wetlands, and wet montane meadows (Peabody 1922, Sherrington 1994, Popper and Stern 2000). Preferred wetlands are generally dominated by short, fine-stemmed herbaceous vegetation, especially sedges, as well as other graminoid vegetation of the families Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Juncaceae. Vegetation structure (e.g. short, grass-like, and dense) is likely more important than its taxon (Robert et al. 2000). Breeding habitats may have up to 50 cm of standing water, but typically nesting sites are less than 15 cm deep (Bookhout 1995, Robert et al. 2000, Wilson 2005). The species' narrow tolerance for shallow water levels likely explains why its abundance at any given site varies dramatically annual (Robert and Laporte 1999, Kehoe et al. 2000, Lindgren 2001).

Appendix 9-7 Page 3 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Mammals Boreal Woodland Rangifer Threatened, Threatened S2S3 Threatened Yes (2012) Boreal caribou require large range areas Yes - Atikaki-Berens Range High Potential: 116-338 caribou were observed within the RAA during field studies caribou tarandus Schedule 1 comprised of continuous tracts of (MB12) and Manitoba East conducted 2011-2013 (Joro 2015, Table 7). caribou undisturbed habitat. In general, boreal Range (MB11) in P4 RAA. caribou prefer habitat consisting of mature to old-growth coniferous forest (e.g. jack pine (Pinus banksiana), black spruce (Picea mariana)) with abundant lichens, or muskegs and peat lands intermixed with upland or hilly areas (Stuart-Smith et al., 1997; Rettie and Messier, 2000; Courtois, 2003; Brown et al., 2007; Boreal Caribou ATK Reports, 2010-2011). Little Brown Myotis Myotis Endangered, Endangered S2N,S5B Endangered Yes - combined for Typically, hibernacula for these species No critical habitat in Low Potential: Very low potential for hibernacula in RAA. Some potential in LAA to be used (Bat) lucifugus Schedule 1 little brown, northern are subterranean features, such as caves, LAA/RAA (Recovery during the summer as roosting sites within the forested areas; habitat exists but there were myotis and tricolord abandoned mines, hand-dug wells, cellars, Strategy); closest is Karst no sightings of the species or hibernacula. bat (2015) or tunnels where light and noise levels are formations in Interlake. low; typically contain sections that have relatively stable temperatures (2-10 ˚C) and stable, high humidity levels (>80 %). Hibernacula generally identified in MB, but none identified in the LAA. Wolverine Gulo gulo Endangered, Non-active Not Not listed N/A A wide variety of forested and tundra No - EC does not identify High Potential: May occur in very low numbers dispersed in LAA. One wolverine was trapped Schedule 1 listed vegetation associations are used by specific critical habitat. along the RTLs in the RAA between 200 and 2011 (Appendix 9.1, Table 1E). Eight tracks were Wolverines. Habitats must have an observed in the LAA during field studies in 2011 (Joro 2015, Table 39). adequate year-round supply of food, mainly consisting of smaller prey such as rodents and Snowshoe Hares, and the carcasses of large ungulates, like Moose, Caribou, and Muskox. Females den under snow-covered rocks, logs or within snow tunnels. Wolverines reproduce in areas where snow cover persists at least into April.

Appendix 9-7 Page 4 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Table 9.7b: Project 4 Environmental Effects Analysis for Species at RIsk

Appendix 9-7 Page 5 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Effects After Mitigation Biophysical Potential Context Extent Environmental Proposed General Mitigation Species Specific Mitigation Environmental Effects Magnitude/ Frequency Reversibility Likelihood Residual Effects Component Ecological Duration Geographic Forest Birds Bank Swallow  Loss or alteration  Pre-construction survey to identify stick  Identify and avoid vertical and near Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect (e.g., fragmentation) nests and nesting colonies. vertical faces for road routing where important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur of bird habitat and  Right-of-way selected to avoid sensitive sites possible. project footprint nests due to clearing such as raptor nests, multi-generational stick  Consider high quality habitat as part Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I and construction nests, and nesting colonies . of quarry site selection criteria.  Disturbance of birds  Clearing activities will occur between  Prior to reinstating a quarry or due to construction September 1 and March 31 (outside borrow site for maintenance, surveys activities in the local breeding season); if any clearing is required of the rock face will be conducted. If assessment area – during the breeding bird season, bank swallow nests are identified may cause pre-clearing nest surveys will occur within they will not be disturbed during the displacement 7 days of the clearing; buffers will be breeding season. Barn Swallow  Mortality of birds established around each nest, clearing  Identify and avoid vertical and near Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect due to interactions activities restricted near active bird nests or vertical faces, ledges or overhangs important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur with vehicles, nest cavities. for road routing where possible. project footprint increased predation,  Reclaim disturbed areas or encourage  Consider high quality habitat as part Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I or herbicide natural re-vegetation augmented by native of quarry site selection criteria. applications plants and seeds if required; block  Prior to reinstating a quarry or abandoned access roads and encourage borrow site for maintenance, surveys natural re-vegetation; rehabilitation of trails of the rock face will be conducted. If and winter roads to offset habitat loss. bank swallow nests are identified  Use existing disturbed or cleared areas for they will not be disturbed during the road right-of-way where practical. breeding season (May-September).  Canada Leave vegetated buffers between road and  Road routing avoids waterbodies Effects involves regionally Effect minor to Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect disturbed areas such as quarries and borrow Warbler except at crossing locations. important species moderate; likely to occur to occur occur occur pits.  Apply herbicides in accordance with individual level;  Inspectors and Contract Administrators will manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit LAA receive training and handbooks to identify herbicide application within 30 m of Level III Level 2 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I all potential species at risk that could be any waterbody, near identified encountered - the Environmental Inspector environmentally sensitive sites or will be advised when encounters occur and beyond road ROW as required. management strategies applied if required. Chimney swift  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect

manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur Additional mitigation measures outlined in: herbicide application within 30 m of project footprint  GR130.6 General any waterbody, near identified Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I  GR130.8 Designated Areas and Access environmentally sensitive sites or  GR130.9 Materials Handling Storage and beyond road ROW as required Common Disposal  Prior to reinstating a quarry or Effects involves regionally Effect minor to Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Nighthawk  GR130.10 Spills and Remediation and borrow site for maintenance, surveys important species moderate; likely to occur to occur; occur occur Emergency Response of the rock face will be conducted. If individual level; but possible infrequent  GR130.11 Dust and Noise Particulate Control common nighthawk nests are LAA  GR 130.12 Noise and Noise Limitations identified they will not be disturbed Level III Level 2 Level 2 Level 1 Level 1 Level I  GR130.14 Staff Training and Awareness during the breeding season (May to  GR130.15 Working Within or Near Water September)  GR130.17 Clearing and Grubbing  Consider high quality habitat as part of quarry site selection criteria  GR 130.19 Wildlife  Apply herbicides in accordance with  GR130.21 Cement Batch Plan and Concrete manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit Wash-Out Area herbicide application within 30 m of any waterbody, near identified environmentally sensitive sites or beyond road ROW as required

Appendix 9-7 Page 6 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Effects After Mitigation Biophysical Potential Context Extent Environmental Proposed General Mitigation Species Specific Mitigation Environmental Effects Magnitude/ Frequency Reversibility Likelihood Residual Effects Component Ecological Duration Geographic Eastern Whip-  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect poor-will manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur herbicide application within 30 m of project footprint any waterbody, near identified Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I environmentally sensitive sites or beyond road ROW as required. Eastern Wood-  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect pewee manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur herbicide application within 30 m of project footprint any waterbody, near identified Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I environmentally sensitive sites or beyond road ROW as required. Olive-Sided  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor to Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Flycatcher manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species moderate; likely to occur to occur occur occur herbicide application within 30 m of individual level; but possible any waterbody, near identified LAA environmentally sensitive sites or Level III Level 2 Level 2 Level 1 Level 1 Level I beyond road ROW as required. Peregrine Effects involve regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Falcon important species. Not individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur present in LAA unless project footprint transient. Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I Rusty  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Blackbird manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur herbicide application within 30 m of project footprint any waterbody, near identified Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I environmentally sensitive sites or beyond road ROW as required. Short-Eared Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Owl important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur project footprint Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I Waterbirds Horned Grebe  Loss of bird habitat  Road routing avoids waterbodies except at  Reclaim disturbed areas and Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect and nests due to crossing locations. encourage natural re-vegetation important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur clearing  Clearing activities will occur between and slope excavations to promote project footprint  Impairment of September 1 and March 31 (outside retention of water for creation of Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I aquatic bird habitat breeding season); if any clearing is required ponds. Trumpeter in LAA due to during the breeding bird season,  Reclaim disturbed areas and Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect Swan accidental releases pre-clearing nest surveys will occur within 7 encourage natural re-vegetation important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur of fuels and other days of the clearing; buffers will be and slope excavations to promote project footprint hazardous established around each nest, clearing retention of water for creation of Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I substances during activities restricted near active bird nests. ponds. Yellow Rail pre-construction,  Existing water flow patterns, water levels  Apply herbicides in accordance with Effects involves regionally Effect minor; Effect not Effect not likely Effect not likely to Unlikely to No effect construction and and wetland hydrologic regimes will be manufacturer’s instructions; prohibit important species individual level; likely to occur to occur occur occur operation and maintained. herbicide application within 30 m of project footprint maintenance or to  Inspectors and Contract Administrators will any waterbody, near identified increased suspended recieve training and handbooks to identify environmentally sensitive sites or  Disturbance of birds all potential species at risk that could be beyond road ROW as required. due to construction encountered - the Environmental Inspector Level III Level I Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level I activities in the local will be advised when encounters occur and

Appendix 9-7 Page 7 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Additional mitigation measures outlined in:  GR130.6 General  GR130.8 Designated Areas and Access  GR130.9 Materials Handling Storage and Disposal  GR130.10 Spills and Remediation and Emergency Response  GR130.11 Dust and Noise Particulate Control  GR 130.12 Noise and Noise Limitations  GR130.14 Staff Training and Awareness  GR130.15 Working Within or Near Water  GR130.17 Clearing and Grubbing  GR 130.19 Wildlife  GR130.21 Cement Batch Plan and Concrete Wash-Out Area Mammals Boreal  Loss and  Route selection avoids known caribou core Effects involves nationally Effect minor; Long-term Effect Effect is reversible Could Minor habitat and disturbance effect woodland fragmentation of areas and calving sites to extent possible. important species individual level; expected to upon reasonably caribou habitat  Clearing during fall and winter to the extent project footprint occur decommissioning expected to  Movement feasible to avoid parturition times for boreal intermittently road occur impairment woodland caribou. Level III Level I Level III Level I Level II Level II  Disturbance during  Seasonally and geographically restrict quarry calving and borrow site development and/or  Displacement of operation near know or potentially sensitive caribou in the local areas (e.g., core use areas and calving sites) assessment area where feasible. during operation  Identify areas of non-disturbance around and maintenance known high quality caribou habitat as part of due to vehicle traffic construction contract documents and and maintenance drawings. equipment use  Restrict vehicle speed limits near known  Mortality of caribou sensitive caribou sites. due to increased  Using existing access routes, trails, or cut hunting access, lines to the extent feasible and access routes collissions with and trails will be kept as short and narrow as vehicles, increased feasible. predation, and  Access management includes restricting brainworm public access to construction sites. (P. tenuis)  Prohibit firearms from being carried by construction workers while on the job site or in construction areas.  Manage vegetation along road shoulders to maintain sightlines.

Appendix 9-7 Page 8 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-7 Page 9 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-7 Page 10 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-8 Breeding Evidence Maps for Selected Bird Species at Risk PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-8: Manitoba Breeding Bird Atlas 2015 Breeding Evidence Maps for Chestnut-Collared Longspur, Golden-Winged Warbler, Horned Grebe, Least Bittern, Peregrine Falcon, Rusty Blackbird and Short- Eared Owl

Figure 1: Breeding Evidence Map for Chestnut-Collared Longspur (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 2: Breeding Evidence Map for Golden-Winged Warbler (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 2 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 3: Breeding Evidence Map for Horned Grebe (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 3 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 4: Breeding Evidence Map for Least Bittern (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 4 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 5: Breeding Evidence Map for Peregrine Falcon (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 5 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 6: Breeding Evidence Map for Rusty Blackbird (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 6 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Figure 7: Breeding Evidence Map for Short-Eared Owl (MBBA 2015)

Appendix 9-8 Page 7 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-9 Summary of Potential Construction Effects on Terrestrial Valued Components Prior to Mitigation PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-9: Summary of Potential Construction Effects on Terrestrial Valued Components Prior to Mitigation

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Vegetation Loss or alteration of Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate Communities Vegetation Communities marginally beyond than 10 years. over the specific ecosystem and Plant or Plant Species of Cul- established thresholds duration of the effects are effects. Species of tural Importance in the of acceptable change. disturbance. permanent. Cultural Project Footprint due to Importance clearing of vegetation. Level II Level III Level I Level III Level I Introduction and spread Measurable effect The potential effect Occurs at Potential No adverse Moderate of non-native and marginally beyond is likely to persist sporadic or effect is ecosystem invasive species in the established thresholds until the completion intermittent potentially effects. Local Assessment Area of acceptable change. of construction and intervals. reversible but during construction. rehabilitation over a long activities. period of time. Level II Level II Level II Level II Level I Loss/impairment of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low Vegetation Communities above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem or Plant Species of Cul- required to complete intermittent over a short effects. tural Importance in the a discrete intervals. period of Project Footprint from component. time. accidental releases of fuels or hazardous substances during construction. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Loss/impairment of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low Vegetation Communities above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem or Plant Species of Cul- required to complete intermittent over a short effects. tural Importance in the a discrete intervals. period of Project Footprint from component. time. herbicide application during construction. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Increased risk of forest Measurable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Potential No adverse Low fire in the Local and marginally beyond such as the time sporadic or effect is ecosystem Assessment Area during established thresholds required to complete intermittent potentially effects. construction. of acceptable change. a discrete intervals. reversible but component. over a long period of time. Level II Level I Level II Level II Level I Boreal Habitat loss/alteration/ Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate Woodland fragmentation. marginally beyond than 10 years. over the specific ecosystem Caribou established thresholds duration of the effects are effects. of acceptable change. disturbance. permanent. Level II Level III Level I Level III Level I Temporary sensory Measurable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Moderate disturbance. marginally beyond such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem established thresholds required to complete intermittent over a short effects. of acceptable change. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level II Level I Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality or No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low changes in distribution above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem due to changes in required to complete intermittent over a short effects. hunting access. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 2 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Increased mortality or No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low changes in distribution above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem due to changes in required to complete intermittent over a short effects. predation. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Introduction of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disease/parasitism (i.e., above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem brainworm [P. tenius] required to complete intermittent over a short effects. from white-tailed deer). a discrete intervals. period of component. time.

Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Moose Habitat loss/alteration/ Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate fragmentation. marginally beyond than 10 years. over the specific ecosystem established thresholds duration of the effects are effects. of acceptable change. disturbance. permanent. Level II Level III Level I Level III Level I Temporary sensory Measurable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Moderate disturbance. marginally beyond such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem established thresholds required to complete intermittent over a short effects. of acceptable change. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level II Level I Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 3 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Increased mortality due Measurable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low to changes in hunting marginally beyond such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem access. established thresholds required to complete intermittent over a short effects. of acceptable change. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level II Level I Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low to changes in predation. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Introduction of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disease/parasitism (i.e., above baseline such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem brainworm [P. tenius] required to complete intermittent over a short effects. from white-tailed deer). a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Beaver Habitat loss/alteration/ No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate fragmentation. above baseline. than 10 years. over the specific ecosystem duration of the effects are effects. disturbance. permanent. Level I Level III Level I Level III Level I Temporary sensory No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 4 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Marten Habitat loss/alteration/ No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate fragmentation. above baseline. than 10 years. over the specific ecosystem duration of the effects are effects. disturbance. permanent. Level I Level III Level I Level III Level I Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible ecosystem intermittent over a short effects. intervals. period of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I Forest Birds Habitat loss/alteration/ No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs once Reversible No adverse Moderate fragmentation. above baseline. than 10 years. over the over a long ecosystem duration of the period of effects. disturbance. time. Level I Level III Level I Level II Level I Temporary sensory No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Waterbirds Habitat loss/alteration/ No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate fragmentation. above baseline. than 10 years over the specific ecosystem duration of the effects are effects. disturbance. permanent. Level I Level III Level I Level III Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 5 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Potential Construction Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Temporary sensory No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Ecologically Loss, alteration or No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs once Project- No adverse Moderate Sensitive physical disturbance of above baseline. such as the time over the specific ecosystem Wildlife Sites overwintering dens, required to complete duration of the effects are effects. heron rookeries, a discrete disturbance. permanent. hibernacula, large stick component. nests, or mineral licks. Level I Level I Level I Level III Level I Temporary sensory No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Herptiles Temporary sensory No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible ecosystem required to complete intermittent over a short effects. a discrete intervals. period of component. time. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Project- No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. above baseline. such as the time sporadic or specific ecosystem required to complete intermittent effects are effects. a discrete intervals. permanent. component. Level I Level I Level II Level III Level I

Appendix 9-9 Page 6 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Note: 1 The level of potential effect was ranked as being ‘low’, ‘moderate’ or ‘high’ based on the extent, frequency, reversibility and ecological context of the potential effect prior to the implementation of mitigation measures, and the probability of the occurrence of the predicted effect. A predicted effect was considered to be ‘low’ if there is a low probability of occurrence, ‘moderate’ if it has a moderate probability of occurrence, and ‘high’ if there is a high probability of occurrence.

Appendix 9-9 Page 7 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-10 Summary of Potential Operations and Maintenance Effects on Terrestrial Valued Components Prior to Mitigation PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-10: Summary of Potential Operations and Maintenance Effects on Terrestrial Valued Components Prior to Mitigation

Operations and Maintenance Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Vegetation Introduction and Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Potential effect No adverse Moderate Communities spread of non-native marginally beyond than 10 years. sporadic or is potentially ecosystem and Plant and invasive species in established thresholds intermittent reversible but effects. Species of the Local Assessment of acceptable change. intervals. over a long Cultural Im- Area during operations period of time. portance and maintenance. Level II Level III Level II Level II Level I Loss/impairment of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low Vegetation above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible over ecosystem Communities and/ or required to complete intermittent a short period effects. Plant Species of Cul- a discrete intervals. of time. tural Importance in the component. Project Footprint from accidental releases of fuels or hazardous substances during operations and maintenance. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I Loss/impairment of No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Readily No adverse Low Vegetation above baseline. such as the time sporadic or reversible over ecosystem Communities and/ or required to complete intermittent a short period effects. Plant Species of Cul- a discrete intervals. of time. tural Importance in the component. Project Footprint from herbicide application during operations and maintenance. Level I Level I Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-10 Page 1 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Operations and Maintenance Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Increased risk of forest No measureable effect Short-term activities Occurs at Potential effect No adverse Low fire in the Local and above baseline. such as the time sporadic or is potentially ecosystem Assessment Area required to complete intermittent reversible but effects. during operations and a discrete intervals. over a long maintenance. component. period of time. Level I Level I Level II Level II Level I Boreal Temporary sensory Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Moderate Woodland disturbance. marginally beyond than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem Caribou established thresholds intermittent a short period effects. of acceptable change. intervals. of time. Level II Level III Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to changes in hunting above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem access. intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to changes in above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem predation. intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Introduction of No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low disease/parasitism (i.e., above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem brainworm [P. tenius] intermittent permanent. effects. from white-tailed intervals. deer). Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I

Appendix 9-10 Page 2 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Operations and Maintenance Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Moose Temporary sensory Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Moderate disturbance. marginally beyond than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem established thresholds intermittent a short period effects. of acceptable change. intervals. of time. Level II Level III Level II Level I Level I Increased mortality due Measurable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. marginally beyond than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem established thresholds intermittent permanent. effects. of acceptable change. intervals. Level II Level III Level II Level III Level I Increased mortality No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low due to changes in above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem hunting access. intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Increased mortality due No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to changes in above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem predation. intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Introduction of No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low disease/parasitism (i.e., above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem brainworm [P. tenius] intermittent permanent. effects. from white-tailed intervals. deer). Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I Beaver Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe of greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem intermittent a short period effects. intervals. of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I

Appendix 9-10 Page 3 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Operations and Maintenance Effects Before Mitigation Level of Valued Extent Potential Effect Ecological Potential Component Magnitude/Geographic Frequency Reversibility 1 Duration Context Effect Extent Marten Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem intermittent a short period effects. intervals. of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I Forest Birds Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem intermittent a short period effects. intervals. of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I Waterbirds Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem intermittent a short period effects. intervals. of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I Ecologically Temporary sensory No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Readily No adverse Low Sensitive disturbance. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or reversible over ecosystem Wildlife Sites intermittent a short period effects. intervals. of time. Level I Level III Level II Level I Level I Herptiles Increased mortality due No measureable effect Timeframe greater Occurs at Project-specific No adverse Low to vehicle collisions. above baseline. than 10 years. sporadic or effects are ecosystem intermittent permanent. effects. intervals. Level I Level III Level II Level III Level I

Appendix 9-10 Page 4 PROJECT 4 – ALL-SEASON ROAD ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT

Appendix 9-10 Page 5