June 2005
Special Focus Humanitarian Reports Humanitarian Assistance in the oPt Humanitarian Events Monitoring Issues
Special Focus: The Barrier and Access Points to Jerusalem
(Refer also to Map below) • Hizma checkpoint (7) will be enlarged to three lanes to cater for The construction of the Barrier in and around East Jerusalem is more traffic, especially settlers from the northern West Bank almost complete with the exception of the section around Az- settlements. Za’ayyem checkpoint (9). Checkpoints in the Barrier will regulate the • All residents of Shu’fat refugee camp (over 10,000 refugees), movement of Palestinians to and from Jerusalem, and are likely to which is located within the municipal boundaries of Jerusalem, lead to a further reduction in the number of Palestinians entering are holders of Jerusalem IDs. However, the camp will be Jerusalem. The Barrier places approximately 60,000 Palestinians located to the east of the Barrier. Shu’fat checkpoint (8) will with Jerusalem IDs on the east side of the Barrier. regulate movement from one side of the Barrier to the other.
UN field monitoring and liaison with the IDF have provided and update on Israel’s plans to regulate movement between the West Bank and East Jerusalem and Israel. (A more comprehensive report on humanitarian impact is forthcoming).
Key Points North Jerusalem • In north Jerusalem there are two enclaves, ‘Biddu enclave’, home to approximately 43,000 Palestinians, and ‘Bir Nabala enclave’, home to approximately 15,000 Palestinians. Residents of these enclaves will be linked to Ramallah by underpasses and a road that is fenced on both sides. From Biddu enclave, they will travel along a fenced road that passes under a bypass road to Bir Nabala enclave, then on a second underpass under Bypass Road 443 to Ramallah. OCHA – Jerusalem FCU – 2005 | Construction work at Qalandiya Checkpoint • Once this route is in operation, the Ramot Alon checkpoint (1) will be removed to allow free movement into Jerusalem for South Jerusalem settlers from Givat Ze’ev and neighbouring settlements. • A new checkpoint for pedestrians (10) will be constructed • IDF Seizure Orders show that the Israeli government plans to between Al ‘Eizariya and East Jerusalem. Vehicles will use the erect six agricultural gates serving communities in the Biddu Az-Za’ayyem checkpoint (9). and Bir Nabala enclaves to access their land adjacent to the • A new checkpoint at Ras al ‘Amud (11) will be constructed for Barrier. tourists and pilgrims. • Major construction work is currently underway at Qalandiya • A checkpoint is planned at Jabal al Mukabbir (12) for checkpoint (4). It will serve as the main checkpoint between pedestrians. Ramallah and Jerusalem. The current Ar-Ram checkpoint (6) • Mazmouria (13) will be a new checkpoint erected initially for will be dismantled. This will mean that Palestinian residents of Palestinian pedestrians and then later, also for commercial Ar-Ram, many of whom have Jerusalem IDs or attend school in vehicles, similar to the Beituniya commercial checkpoint (3), to Beit Hanina in Jerusalem, will have to make a detour north to the north of Jerusalem. Qalandiya to enter Jerusalem. • Initially, Palestinians will use Gilo checkpoint (14) but later, it will be restricted to use by Jerusalem ID holders, students, humanitarian workers, tourists and emergency medical cases. • On completion of the Barrier, the Beit Jala DCO (15) will be dismantled and residents of the southern West Bank will use Mazmouria checkpoint (13) and Gilo checkpoint (14) to enter Jerusalem.
Photo by OCHA / Steve Sabella | A-Ram Barrier, Jerusalem June 2005
UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
BARRIER AND CHECKPOINTS IN AND AROUND EAST JERUSALEMBeitin JulyDeir 2005 Ibzi' Ramot Allon
Deir Dibwan
Ramallah 'Ein 'Arik Ramallah/Al Bireh Beituniya
Psagot Khirbet Kafr Sheiyan Burqa West Bank
Al Bireh Jordan
Al Am'ari Camp Beit 'Ur al Fauqa
Israel 3 Kokhav Ya'akov Beit Khoron Road 443 Beituniya Dead Sea Road 443 Kafr 'Aqab Passage linking Bir Nabala Rafat enclave with Qalandiya, Mikhmas At Tira Ramallah city - Under construction.
Jerusalem AirportQalandiya Camp Geva Binyamin Giv'at Ze'ev Qalandiya 4 Beit Duqqu Bir Nabala Qalandiya Jaba' Enclave Atarot Al Judeira Ar Ram & Dahiyat al Bareed Jaba' (Tajammu' Badawi) Al Jib Bir Nabala Geva Binyamin (Adam) Giv'on Bir Nabala Beit IjzaGiv'on Ha-Khadasha Beit 'Anan Planned passage linking 5 Biddu enclave with Bir Biddu Enclave Nabala enclave Ar Ram 6 Neve Ya'akov
Al Qubeiba Biddu Hizma Qatanna Nabi Samuel Nebi Samuel 22 An Nabi Samwil Hizma Ramot Allon Beit Hanina al Balad Beit Hanina 7 Almon (Anatot) Har Adar 1 Beit Surik
Pisgat Ze'ev Beit Iksa Ramot Allon Military Base Shu'fat Shu'fat Camp Shu'fat Camp 'Anata ISRAEL Rekhes Shu'afat 8
Ramat Eshkol French Hill Al 'Isawiya cipal B Ma'alot Dafna NO MAN'S uni ound M ary Sheikh Jarrah LAND m le a s u r e J Az Za'ayyem Barrier construction status Az Za'ayyem Checkpoint - Existing as of 1 July 05 Jerusalem (Al Quds)As Suwwana 9 Checkpoint - Planned Constructed JerusalemWadi al Joz 10 Source: OCHA field office work and meeting with IDF Under Construction OLD Bab az Zahira At Tur June 05 CITY Ma'ale Adumim As Shayyah Al 'Eizariya Projected - Subpart subject to Planned Agricultural Gates - Jewish Quarter Al 'Eizariya completion of further inter-ministerial Farmers crossing point examination Source: IDF land requestion orders released Feb 05 11 WEST Silwan Ras al 'Amud East Jerusalem Fenced road with underpass Ras al 'Amud JERUSALEM Ath Thuri West Jerusalem Planned Barrier - path based on Israeli Abu Dis Palestinian Built-Up Area Government (Ministry of Defence - Seam Zone Authority) maps, published 20 Feb Israeli Settlement 2005 and IDF land seizure orders. EAST JERUSALEM 042 Kilometers No Man's Land 'Arab al Jahalin Talpiyot Mizrakh 12 Container Armistice Line (1949)/ Jabal al Mukabbir Green Line Beit Safafa As Sawahira al Gharbiya As Sawahira ash Sharqiya Sharafat Jabal al Mukabbir Giv'at Ha-Matos AshSheikhSa'd WEST BANK Al Walaja Sur Bahir 17 Gilo Ein Yalow 14Gilo Umm Tuba Har Homa Battir Har Gilo Al 'Ubeidiya 'Ayda Camp khallet an Nu'man Beit Jala Mazmouria Dar Salah 15 Al 'Aza Camp 13 Cartography: OCHA Humanitarian Information Centre - July 2005. Wadi Fukin Beit Jala Al Hujeila Base data: PA MoP, July 2000, OCHA update 2004 For comments contact
Status of Checkpoints in and around East Jerusalem Code Name Status Access (with valid permit) 1 Ramot Allon Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 2 Nabil Samuel Planned Pedestrians 3 Beituniya Existing Commercial Vehicles 4 Qalandiya Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 5 Bir Nabala Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 6 Ar Ram Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 7 Hizma Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 8 Shu’fat Camp Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 9 Az Za’ayyem Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 10 Al ‘Eizariya Planned Pedestrians 11 Ras al ‘Amud Planned Pilgrims and Tourists 12 Jabal al Mukabbir Planned Pedestrians 13 Mazmouria Planned Pedestrians and Commercial Vehicles 14 Gilo Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 15 Beit Jala DCO Existing Vehicles and Pedestrians 16 Tunnel Existing Vehicles 17 ‘Ein Yallow Existing Restricted Vehicle Access ‘Pedestrian Access’ pertains to Palestinians holding Israeli IDs, Jerusalem IDs and Palestinians from the West Bank holding entry permits. ‘Vehicle Access’ pertains to Israeli vehicles with yellow number plates. Source: UN field monitoring and liaison with the IDF – 2005
II. New humanitarian reports: The main issues during the disengagement period related to access, to be addressed, are: patient capacity to reach the health facilities of Human Rights Watch: “Promoting Impunity” the appropriate level of care; the access of health workers to their The Israeli military fosters a climate of impunity in its ranks by failing places of work; and the delivery of drugs and medical supplies to the to adequately investigate allegations of wrongdoings by Israeli health facilities. soldiers alleged to have caused Palestinian civilian casualties For more information, see: [http://www.who.int/en/] unlawfully or failed to protect them from harm, Human Rights Watch (HRW) said in a report, “Promoting Impunity: The Israeli Military’s PCBS: The Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook No. 7 Failure to Investigate Wrongdoing,” released 22 June. The estimated population in Jerusalem Governorate at the end of the year 2004 was 393,997 persons and the unemployment rate for Since the second intifada began in 2000 until November 30, 2004, persons aged 15 years and older was 22.8%. Of those employed more than 1600 Palestinian from Jerusalem, 64.4% were working in the Palestinian territory and civilians not involved in hostilities, including at least 500 children, 35.6% in Israel and settlements, according to the Palestinian Central were killed by Israeli security forces, and thousands more were Bureau of Statistics Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook No. 7. seriously injured. “However, the Israeli authorities have investigated For more information, see: [http://www.pcbs.org/] fewer than five percent of the fatal incidents to determine whether soldiers were responsible for using force unlawfully. The III. Humanitarian assistance to the investigations they did conduct fell far short of international oPt standards for independent and impartial inquiries,” according to HRW. $500 million in US supplies to Gaza Strip hospitals Medical supplies worth $500 million were distributed to four hospitals According to B'Tselem, an Israeli information centre, since in the Gaza Strip by the US Agency for International Development September 2000 until 26 June 2005, Israeli security forces have (USAID) in response to a request by the Liaison and Coordination killed at least 1,722 Palestinians not taking part in the hostilities, Administration in the Gaza Strip. The medical supplies, which include among them 563 minors. In only two cases were soldiers convicted oxygen compressors to produce oxygen rich air, are intended to of causing the death of a Palestinian. reduce dependence on imported Israeli oxygen tanks. Oxygen is vital For more information, see: [http://www.btselem.org/English/] or for the adequate provision of emergency care provision, particularly [http://hrw.org/reports/2005/iopt0605/] during surgery. For more information, see:[http://www.usaid.gov/] World Health Organization: Health care during Gaza Strip Withdrawal World Bank: The Gaza Strip emergency water project Health care needs in the Gaza Strip, particularly related to On 7 June, the World Bank’s Board of Executive Directors approved emergency referral care, are at risk of not being addressed if access a project grant of US $20 million. The project is planned to develop a to adequate health facilities is not guaranteed and implemented by sustainable institutional structure of the water and wastewater sector Israel, according to a World Health Organization report, in the Gaza Strip; and to continue improving the water and sanitation “Disengagement - Healthcare during withdrawal operations in Gaza” services by rehabilitation, upgrading and expansion of the existing released 20 June. systems and facilities. For more information, see: [http://web.worldbank.org]
OCHA – Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 3 P.O. Box 38712 Jerusalem | Phone: +972 (0)2 5829962 / 5825853 | Fax: +972 (0)2 5825841 | eMail: [email protected] | Web: www.ochaopt.org
Humanitarian Update | June 2005
US government launches agribusiness initiative Local and global launch of the Mid-Year Review for the CAP On 23 June, the US government launched a multimillion dollar 2005 project aimed at stimulating the growth of jobs, income and export On 30 June 2005, in parallel with the global launch, UN agencies earnings in the Palestinian agricultural sector. The Palestinian presented the local Mid-Year Review (MYR) of the 2005 emergency Agribusiness Partnership Activity, a three-year project funded by appeal that requested US$ 305 million from donors. The appeal is USAID, is expected to generate thousands of new jobs. 45% funded, the majority of funding allocated to food aid, job For more information, see:[http://www.usaid.gov/] creation and infrastructure projects. The emergency health sector was 9% funded and education, 2%. AusAID: $6.2 million for Middle East Refugees on World Refugee Day The launch included a description of the Humanitarian Assistance On 20 June, World Refugee Day, the Australian Agency for database comprising emergency projects. This will serve as a useful International Development (AusAID) announced a package of $6.2 tool for donors and agencies to update project information and view million in humanitarian assistance for Palestinian refugees. The funding gaps in the appeal. funds will be administered by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA). Escalation of settler violence in lead up to Disengagement Several incidents of settler violence this month point to rising Japan’s contributes US $3.2 million to UNICEF tensions as the Disengagement from the Gaza Strip and parts of the Japan announced a US $3.2 million contribution to UNICEF for northern West Bank draws closer. children’s and women’s health to provide basic immunization coverage in the oPt. In addition to demonstrations in Israel, an increase in incidents of For more information, see: [http://www.unicef.org/oPt] settler violence against Palestinians have also been observed during June. On 9 June, for example, settlers from Alon Shvut cut down 59 OPEC Fund extends US $1.2 million grant for social services (20-year old) peach trees and 340 grape vines belonging to three project farmers in Khallet Zakariah community in Bethlehem governorate. On 15 June, the OPEC Fund for International Development Other settler incidents reported this month include physical attacks approved a grant of US $1.2 million to support the activities of 12 on Palestinians, poisoning of Palestinian grazing fields and the civil society organisations in the Gaza Strip. The aim is to assist the burning and levelling of agricultural land. poorest and hardest hit communities by addressing shortages and helping to meet some of their most urgent needs. An earlier phase of the project supported a similar initiative in the West Bank. For more information, see: press release on the OPEC fund for International Development [http://www.reliefweb.int/]
IV. Humanitarian events
Workshop held on the Needs Analysis Framework On 15 June 2005, OCHA organised a workshop on the Needs Analysis Framework (NAF). With representatives participating from more than 30 different organisations, the workshop was intended to OCHA – Hebron FCU – 2005 | Settlers’ destruction of Palestinian fruit trees in bring together the actors in the Consolidated Appeal Process (CAP), Bethlehem governorate including UN agencies, international and local NGOs, as well as representatives from the Palestinian Authority.
The NAF is a tool to help humanitarian coordinators and Country Teams organize and present existing information on humanitarian needs in a coherent and consistent manner, prior to developing a Common Humanitarian Action Plan (CHAP).
Visit by Professor John Dugard to the oPt Professor John Dugard, the Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the occupied Palestinian territories, visited to investigate violations of human rights and international humanitarian law. Professor Dugard will submit his visit report to the Third Committee of the General Assembly in November, where he intends to draw attention to Israel’s continued control over the Gaza Strip after the withdrawal of settlers; the construction of the Barrier in defiance of The Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice; the expansion of settlements; and the humanitarian crisis in the oPt.
OCHA – Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 4 P.O. Box 38712 Jerusalem | Phone: +972 (0)2 5829962 / 5825853 | Fax: +972 (0)2 5825841 | eMail: [email protected] | Web: www.ochaopt.org
Humanitarian Update | June 2005
V. Monitoring Issues
Casualties: Palestinian and Israeli Deaths Causalities Palestinian Deaths Israeli Deaths The number of Palestinian deaths was high at the end of 2004 and 80 January 2005 primarily due to Israeli incursions into the Gaza Strip. The 70 70 number has fallen since February this year following progress on the 60 political front. The announcement of a period of calm by Palestinian 50 49 50 militant groups on 23 January, and the Israeli government
40 announcement that it would halt targeted assassinations three days later paved the way for a meeting between Presidents Abbas and Sharon in 30 Sharm al Sheikh in early February. 20 15 14 10 10 7 8 10 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05
Palestinian Injuries Israeli Injuries 250
192 200 183 164
150 129 116
100 81 68 61 62 50 39 42 27 17 19 17 20
0 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05
Structure demolished Structures demolished / people affected Structures Demolished The majority of the large number of buildings that were demolished at 120 the end of 2004 were located in the Gaza Strip. The demolition of 99 97 100 buildings in the Gaza Strip has stopped but demolitions in the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, have continued and show a slight 80 increase. 60
33 40 30 24 25 20 13 5 0 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05
Land Requisition Orders Land levelling/requisition/trees destroyed Land Requisition Orders Following the Israeli government’s approval of the revised route of the 4000 3557.3 Barrier on 20 February, there was an increase in land requisition orders, 3500 many of which were in Bethlehem, Hebron and East Jerusalem in 3000 2450 preparation for the construction of the Barrier. 2500 2056 2000 1500 1000 761 792 786 500 500 70 0 Nov-04 Dec-04 Jan-05 Feb-05 Mar-05 Apr-05 May-05 Jun-05
OCHA – Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs 5 P.O. Box 38712 Jerusalem | Phone: +972 (0)2 5829962 / 5825853 | Fax: +972 (0)2 5825841 | eMail: [email protected] | Web: www.ochaopt.org