Identification of Structural Variants and Selection Signatures in Cattle

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Identification of Structural Variants and Selection Signatures in Cattle UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL IDENTIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL VARIANTS AND SELECTION SIGNATURES IN CATTLE Elisa Peripolli Zootecnista 2021 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA - UNESP CÂMPUS DE JABOTICABAL IDENTIFICATION OF STRUCTURAL VARIANTS AND SELECTION SIGNATURES IN CATTLE Discente: Elisa Peripolli Orientador: Prof. Dr. Fernando Sebastián Baldi Rey Coorientador: Dr. Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa da Silva Tese apresentada à Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias – Unesp, Campus de Jaboticabal, como parte das exigências para a obtenção do título de Doutor em Genética e Melhoramento Animal. 2021 DADOS CURRICULARES DO AUTOR Elisa Peripolli, nascida em 10 de abril de 1991 na cidade de Joinville – Santa Catarina, filha de Odilo João Peripolli e Ingrid Zimmermann Peripolli. Iniciou em março de 2009 o curso de graduação em Zootecnia na Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, obtendo o título de Zootecnista em fevereiro de 2015. Durante a graduação foi bolsista de mobilidade acadêmica na University of Delaware – EUA pelo programa Ciências sem Fronteiras. Durante o período de mobilidade acadêmica, além de cursar as disciplinas de zootecnia, fez estágio no Laboratório de Genética da mesma instituição de fomento, sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Behnam Abasht. Em março de 2015, ingressou no Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Melhoramento Animal da Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, campus de Jaboticabal, sob a orientação do Prof. Dr. Fernando Sebastián Baldi Rey, como bolsista CAPES-EMBRAPA. Obteve o título de mestre em 17 de fevereiro de 2017. Em março de 2017, ingressou no curso de doutorado no mesmo programa de Pós-graduação da mesma instituição de fomento e sob mesma orientação, bolsista da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Processo FAPESP 2016/24084-7). Entre o período de setembro de 2018 a agosto de 2019, fez estágio de pesquisa no exterior na University of Goettingen (Alemanha), com auxílio da Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Processo FAPESP 2017/27148-9), sob orientação do Prof. Dr. henner Simianer. Obteve o título de Doutora em 02 de fevereiro de 2021. “Nunca, jamais desanimeis, embora venham ventos contrários” Santa Madre Paulina “Tenha paciência para ver seus galhos se transformarem em flores” O pequeno mestre Dedico Àqueles que não medem esforços para realizar meus sonhos, que sempre estarão ao meu lado e com suas mãos sempre estendidas, ao meus pais Odilo e Ingrid e meus irmãos Jorge e André. Ao meu esposo, hugo Borges de Quadros, por ser meu melhor amigo e companheiro de vida, te amo! Aos meus tios, Fernando Christiano Zimmermann (in memoriam) e Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Telles, por serem amor. AGRADECIMENTOS À minha família que sempre apoiou minhas escolhas e compreendeu minha ausência. Aos meus pais Odilo e Ingrid pelos sábios ensinamentos e conselhos, por serem minha fortaleza e meu porto seguro e por sempre me encorajarem a seguir em frente e a nunca desistir dos meus sonhos. Aos meus irmãos Jorge e André, por todo o amor e momentos maravilhosos que ficarão para sempre no meu coração. Vocês são e sempre serão meus melhores amigos. Ao meu esposo, hugo Borges de Quadros, por compreender minha ausência, meus momentos de estresse e por sempre estar ao meu lado me incentivando e me motivando a seguir em frente. Você foi fundamental para que eu conseguisse chegar até aqui, obrigada pelo companheirismo de uma vida inteira! Ao meu orientador Prof. Dr. Fernando Sebastián Baldi Rey por me receber tão bem no seu grupo de pesquisa e pela confiança em mim depositada na execução desse e de outros trabalhos durante todo o período da pós-graduação. Além de um excelente orientador, é um grande amigo e conselheiro. Obrigada por ouvir meus desabafos pessoais e profissionais e por sempre confiar no meu potencial. Ao meu co-orientador, Dr. Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa da Silva, pelo auxílio e prontidão no decorrer do desenvolvimento deste trabalho. À Embrapa Gado de leite (Juiz de Fora - MG) pelo fornecimento dos dados. Ao programa de melhoramento Montana Composto Tropical® e a Associação nacional de Criadores e Pesquisadores (ANCP) pelo fornecimento dos bancos de dados. À Universidade de Göttingen, em especial ao Dr. henner Simianer e Dr. Christian Reimer, por terem me recebido de portas abertas e por todo o suporte durante o período de doutorado sanduíche na Alemanha. Ao Washington Luiz Olivato Assagra (Tom), por me ajudar com os problemas computacionais e com os scripts para montar os bancos de dados e rodar as análises. Pela prontidão em sempre me ajudar com os ‘pepinos’ do servidor e por nunca hesitar em compartilhar seu vasto conhecimento em bioinformática e programação comigo. Aos meus hermanitos, Bianca, Fabi, Tonussi, Mari, Sabrina(s), hermenegildo e Juan Diego por tornarem a salinha divertida e as conversas produtivas quando não estávamos produtivos. À todos os amigos do cafezinho e aos demais alunos do programa de Genética e Melhoramento Animal – UnESP/FCAV. Às minhas schatzis do coração, Géssica, Pri, Karol e Jacke, pela amizade verdadeira e por todas as risadas e momentos que compartilhamos juntas. Por compreenderem minha ausência e por sempre torcerem por mim. À minha amiga heloísa Fidelis, por me ouvir e principalmente me aconselhar nos meus últimos meses em Jaboticabal. Amiga, muito obrigada pela nossa amizade, conversas, risadas e gordices. Aos membros da banca de defesa de tese de doutorado, Dra. nedenia Bonvino Stafuzza, Dr. Danisio Prado Munari, Dr. Rafael Espigolan e Dra. Mariana Piatto Berton, pelas sugestões que muito contribuíram e acrescentaram a esse trabalho e pela disponibilidade de compor minha banca. À Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de nível Superior (CAPES) pela bolsa de estudos concedida no início do curso de doutorado. À Fundação de Amparo à pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) pela concessão de bolsa de doutorado (Processo FAPESP 2016/24084-7) e da Bolsa de Estágio e Pesquisa no Exterior (BEPE-DR, Processo FAPESP 2017/27148-9). À todos que foram importantes em algum momento, mas minha memória não permitiu citar. i SUMÁRIO Resumo ........................................................................................................................ v Abstract ...................................................................................................................... vii CAPÍTULO 1 – General considerations ...................................................................... 9 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 9 Objectives .............................................................................................................. 11 Literature Review ...................................................................................................... 11 Cattle introduction in Brazil and the locally adapted breeds development ............ 11 Pantaneiro .......................................................................................................... 13 Crioulo Lageano ................................................................................................. 13 Caracu Caldeano ............................................................................................... 14 Indicine cattle breeds ......................................................................................... 14 Composite Montana Tropical® beef cattle ......................................................... 15 Runs of homozygosity ........................................................................................... 15 Selection Signatures .............................................................................................. 18 Copy number variation ........................................................................................... 20 References ................................................................................................................ 22 CAPÍTULO 2 – Autozygosity islands and ROh patterns in nellore lineages: evidence of selection for functionally important traits1 .............................................................. 32 Abstract ..................................................................................................................... 32 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 33 Results ...................................................................................................................... 35 Genome-wide distribution of Runs of homozygosity .............................................. 35 Pedigree and genomic inbreeding ......................................................................... 36 Autozygosity islands in nellore lineages ................................................................ 37 Functional annotation of genes .............................................................................. 38 Discussion ................................................................................................................. 39 Genome-wide distribution of runs of homozygosity ............................................... 39 Pedigree and genomic inbreeding ......................................................................... 40 Autozygosity islands in nellore lineages ................................................................ 42 Functional annotation of genes
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