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Life Among Good Women: the Social and Religious Impact of the Cathar Perfectae in the Thirteenth-Century Lauragais
Western Michigan University ScholarWorks at WMU Master's Theses Graduate College 12-2017 Life among Good Women: The Social and Religious Impact of the Cathar Perfectae in the Thirteenth-Century Lauragais Derek Robert Benson Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses Part of the European History Commons, and the History of Gender Commons Recommended Citation Benson, Derek Robert, "Life among Good Women: The Social and Religious Impact of the Cathar Perfectae in the Thirteenth-Century Lauragais" (2017). Master's Theses. 2008. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/masters_theses/2008 This Masters Thesis-Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate College at ScholarWorks at WMU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at WMU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LIFE AMONG GOOD WOMEN: THE SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS IMPACT OF THE CATHAR PERFECTAE IN THE THIRTEENTH-CENTURY LAURAGAIS by Derek Robert Benson A thesis submitted to the Graduate College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History Western Michigan University December 2017 Thesis Committee: Robert Berkhofer III, Ph.D., Chair Larry Simon, Ph.D. James Palmitessa, Ph.D. LIFE AMONG GOOD WOMEN: THE SOCIAL AND RELIGIOUS IMPACT OF THE CATHAR PERFECTAE IN THE THIRTEENTH-CENTURY LAURAGAIS Derek Robert Benson, M.A. Western Michigan University, 2017 This Master’s Thesis builds on the work of previous historians, such as Anne Brenon and John Arnold. It is primarily a study of gendered aspects in the Cathar heresy. -
THE CORRUPTION of ANGELS This Page Intentionally Left Blank the CORRUPTION of ANGELS
THE CORRUPTION OF ANGELS This page intentionally left blank THE CORRUPTION OF ANGELS THE GREAT INQUISITION OF 1245–1246 Mark Gregory Pegg PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD COPYRIGHT 2001 BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PUBLISHED BY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 41 WILLIAM STREET, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY 08540 IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS, 3 MARKET PLACE, WOODSTOCK, OXFORDSHIRE OX20 1SY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA PEGG, MARK GREGORY, 1963– THE CORRUPTION OF ANGELS : THE GREAT INQUISITION OF 1245–1246 / MARK GREGORY PEGG. P. CM. INCLUDES BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES AND INDEX. ISBN 0-691-00656-3 (ALK. PAPER) 1. ALBIGENSES. 2. LAURAGAIS (FRANCE)—CHURCH HISTORY. 3. INQUISITION—FRANCE—LAURAGAIS. 4. FRANCE—CHURCH HISTORY—987–1515. I. TITLE. DC83.3.P44 2001 272′.2′0944736—DC21 00-057462 THIS BOOK HAS BEEN COMPOSED IN BASKERVILLE TYPEFACE PRINTED ON ACID-FREE PAPER. ∞ WWW.PUP.PRINCETON.EDU PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 13579108642 To My Mother This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix 1 Two Hundred and One Days 3 2 The Death of One Cistercian 4 3 Wedged between Catha and Cathay 15 4 Paper and Parchment 20 5 Splitting Heads and Tearing Skin 28 6 Summoned to Saint-Sernin 35 7 Questions about Questions 45 8 Four Eavesdropping Friars 52 9 The Memory of What Was Heard 57 10 Lies 63 11 Now Are You Willing to Put That in Writing? 74 12 Before the Crusaders Came 83 13 Words and Nods 92 14 Not Quite Dead 104 viii CONTENTS 15 One Full Dish of Chestnuts 114 16 Two Yellow Crosses 126 17 Life around a Leaf 131 NOTES 133 BIBLIOGRAPHY OF WORKS CITED 199 INDEX 219 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS HE STAFF, librarians, and archivists of Olin Library at Washing- ton University in St. -
Love and War: Troubadour Songs As Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade
Love and War: Troubadour Songs as Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade By Leslee Wood B.A., University of Utah, 2003 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Music and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music. _________________________________________ Chair: Roberta Schwartz, PhD _________________________________________ Paul Laird, PhD _________________________________________ Bryan Kip Haaheim, DMA Date Defended: May 25, 2017 The thesis committee for Leslee Wood certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Love and War: Troubadour Songs as Propaganda, Protest, and Politics in the Albigensian Crusade ___________________________________________ Chair: Roberta Schwartz, PhD Date approved: May 25, 2017 ii Abstract: From the eleventh through the thirteenth century, the troubadours flourished in the Occitan courts of southern France. As the artistic and political voices of their culture, these men and women were educated, creative, and well-placed to envoice the cultural and political events of their time. In 1208, Pope Innocent III launched the Albigensian Crusade against the pervasive Cathar sect, which had attracted followers from every stratum of Occitan society, including believers from the most important ruling families. For twenty years, the crusade decimated the region and destroyed the socio-political apparatus which had long supported, and been given voice by, the troubadours and trobairises. By the end of the war in 1229, the Occitan nobility were largely disinherited and disempowered, unable to support the kind of courtly estates to which they had been accustomed and in which the art de trobar had flourished. Many troubadours were involved both politically and militarily in the crusade and their lyric reactions include astute political commentaries, vigorous calls-to-arms, invectives against the corruption of the Catholic clergy and the French invaders, and laments for the loss of both individuals and institutions. -
About Fanjeaux, France Perched on the Crest of a Hill in Southwestern
About Fanjeaux, France Perched on the crest of a hill in Southwestern France, Fanjeaux is a peaceful agricultural community that traces its origins back to the Romans. According to local legend, a Roman temple to Jupiter was located where the parish church now stands. Thus the name of the town proudly reflects its Roman heritage– Fanum (temple) Jovis (Jupiter). It is hard to imagine that this sleepy little town with only 900 inhabitants was a busy commercial and social center of 3,000 people during the time of Saint Dominic. When he arrived on foot with the Bishop of Osma in 1206, Fanjeaux’s narrow streets must have been filled with peddlers, pilgrims, farmers and even soldiers. The women would gather to wash their clothes on the stones at the edge of a spring where a washing place still stands today. The church we see today had not yet been built. According to the inscription on a stone on the south facing outer wall, the church was constructed between 1278 and 1281, after Saint Dominic’s death. You should take a walk to see the church after dark when its octagonal bell tower and stone spire, crowned with an orb, are illuminated by warm orange lights. This thick-walled, rectangular stone church is an example of the local Romanesque style and has an early Gothic front portal or door (the rounded Romanesque arch is slightly pointed at the top). The interior of the church was modernized in the 18th century and is Baroque in style, but the church still houses unusual reliquaries and statues from the 13th through 16th centuries. -
Castle Roquefixade
castle roquefixade during a recent holiday in the south of france i was told of a castle ruin in a small town known as roquefixade. I went to visit and I wish to share what i found with you please enjoy entrez chÂteau de roquefixade In the French Mid Pyrenees east of Foix within Ariège, is a small village called Roquefixade with a population of 152. Originally a fortified town of the Cathares, the fortification is now a ruin sitting atop its highest peak. The ruins are known as Château De Roquefixade. The name of Roquefixade is derived from the Catalan phrase roca fisada (fissured rock). A fissure on top of the peak was Filled in and an archway built supporting a rampart. A keep was built at the highest point and the remains of the wall circle this position. The Keep was remodelled in the 14th century and alterations done later in the 14th and 15th centuries. Becoming a stronghold it was built towards the end of the 13th century. its purpose was to watch over the territory of the County of Foix. It is located at the end of a line of fortresses along the hills of Cordières. During 1632 King Louis XIII rested there on his way to Toulouse for the execution of Henri II, Duke of Montmorency. Henri II had raised up against Richieleu, the Kings right-hand man. Richieleu is recognised as the world’s first prime Minister. While there he ordered the destruction of the Roquefixade. His reasoning was the cost of maintainenance and its purpose had been served. -
Tad-Plm-2018.Pdf
SE DÉPLACER DANS L’AUDE Transport à la demande INFOS PRATIQUES " On vous emmène POUR ROULER INFORMÉ ! TEXT’AUDE où aujourd’hui ? " ligne Text’aude est un service d’alerte SMS qui vous 3 informe des perturbations importantes de la circulation dans le ligne département lors de chantiers d’envergure ou de la suspension 5 1€ le trajet du service de transport de voyageurs des cars Audelignes en cas d’intempéries. Pour bénéficier de ce service, il vous suffit Avec le transport à la demande, de vous inscrire gratuitement sur www.inforoute11.fr et de (2 € aller-retour) créer vos alertes en fonction de votre zone géographique. ligne vous commandez votre trajet 11 et vous vous rendez où vous voulez. audelignes.aude.fr POUR MIEUX VIVRE LES LIGNES INTERURBAINES! audelignes.aude.fr permet à tout voyageur de connaître en Pour adhérer deux clics les points de départ et les horaires aller et retour des lignes régulières. Entrez votre commune de « montée » et celle de connectez-vous sur « descente », lancez la recherche et les horaires apparaissent ! www.aude.fr/inscription-tad NUMÉRO VERT GRATUIT ! Le Département a mis en place un numéro vert gratuit T dont les messages sont actualisés en temps réel en cas d’intempéries, de travaux... La nouvelle carte d’Audelignes offre douze lignes régulières avec une plus grande fréquence pour favoriser le trajet domicile-travail :une offre complétée par le Transport à la demande. VOUS POUVEZ ÉGALEMENT VOUS CONNECTER SUR AUDE.FR COMMUNAUTÉ DE COMMUNES PIÈGE-LAURAGAIS-MALEPÈRE OU APPELER LE SERVICE DES TRANSPORTS DU DÉPARTEMENT DE L’AUDE AU 04 68 11 67 76 Réservez au 04 68 72 83 49 LE TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE LE TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE COMMUNAUTÉ DE COMMUNES PIÈGE-LAURAGAIS-MALEPÈRE FORMULAIRE D’INSCRIPTION AU TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE MODE D’EMPLOI ! CENNE LES DESTINATIONS DES LIGNES : MONESTIES ADHÉSION GRATUITE Pour mieux répondre à vos besoins, la Région en partenariat avec 1170 Castelnaudary via Belpech VILLESPY votre intercommunalité, améliore le service de transport à la demande. -
Rapport D'activités 2018 CCI Aude
Rapport d’activités 2018 Faire avancer toutes les envies d’entreprendre SOMMAIRE • Édito du Président Bernard Ballester p.3 • Gestion de crises : la CCI au plus près des entreprises p.4 • Synergie et (R)évolution digitale p.5 ACCOMPAGNER LA VIE DE L’ENTREPRISE • Formalités p.7 • Créer-reprendre-transmettre p.8 • Aménagement du territoire p.9 • Tourisme p.10-11 • Commerce p.12-13 • Industrie p.14-15 • Services p.16 • International p.17 • Environnement p.18 • Numérique p.19 • Innovation-Pépinières p.20 • Relation Clients p.21 • Emploi et compétences p.22 • La formation : un atout incontournable pour le jeune, l’entreprise et le salarié p.23-24 • Le port de Port-La Nouvelle p.25 • Chiffres clés p.26 • Nos implantations p.27 Édito du Président La CCI de l’Aude s’est incubateurs dédiés notamment mobilisée dès le début de au numérique, le développement ces événements aux côtés de de la filière de l’éolien offshore, l’Etat, des partenaires et des les travaux d’extension du port collectivités afin d’accompagner de Port-La Nouvelle,… les entreprises. Des cellules spéciales ont été mises en place C’est dans cette optique avec l’aide de tous les conseillers résolument optimiste que de la CCI, pour centraliser les je termine mon mandat de Le territoire audois a connu une remontées des entreprises Président, avant de laisser la année 2018 particulièrement impactées. L’objectif était de leur place à mon successeur qui sera difficile, marquée par des apporter le soutien nécessaire et élu le 24 juin 2019. événements douloureux, à de faciliter le travail d’expertise commencer par les attentats du et le montage des dossiers Dans un contexte de constante mois de mars. -
Jean-Paul Rehr Université Lumière Lyon 2
Jean-Paul Rehr Université Lumière Lyon 2 Catharism and MS 609 of the Bibliothèque municipale de Toulouse [This is the English version of “Le catharisme et le manuscrit 609 de la Bibliothèque municipale de Toulouse”, Cahiers de Fanjeaux 55 (“Le « catharism » en questions”), published Summer 2020] Over 130 years ago Célestin Douais – abbot, bishop, and early historian of Catharism – observed in his influential overview of manuscript 609 of the Bibliothèque municipal de Toulouse (MS609), the registry of the 'great inquisition' of Toulouse, that it was marked by “la longueur d’un document, du reste quelque peu monotone, puisque, comme dans toutes les enquetes, les memes renseignements y reviennent souvent”1. Not one historian who has referred to MS 609 since Douais has failed to comment on this particular quality of the registry2, noteably moreso since Mark Pegg published his monograph on it, The Corruption of Angels. Historians' more modern complaints about the “formulaic”, “terse”, “dry”, “repetitive” aspects of the registry appear to have sealed its historiographic fate, shunted to a corner usually reserved for late medieval accounting rolls. This is a stunning fate for one of the largest records of quotidian life of the thirteenth-century, particularly after the anthropological turn of the 1970s which provoked a brief spate of micro-histories plumbed from inquisitorial archives. By any measure of medieval records, MS 609 is an extraordinary document: 254 folios covered recto and verso by the depositions of more than 5500 people summoned to Toulouse from across the Lauragais by inquisitors between the spring of 1245 and the summer of 1246. -
Peregrinations Couiza - Montazels Travel Trough the Centuries a Bit of History…
Peregrinations Couiza - Montazels Travel trough the centuries A bit of history… Couiza, close to the river Aude and Salz, attracted the attention of the Romans early in history. The surrounding heights were preferred over muddy river shores of the Salz. The place called “des Oliviers” was occupied from the 1st to the 3rd centuries BC, testified by the discovery of two Gallo-Roman coins. First, Couiza became a part of the Roman roads from Razès to Corbières. These roads have been used until the Middle-Ages. During the Carolingian period, the village was built gradually and the parish church of St John the Baptist was founded between the 9th and 10th centuries. In the feudal time Couiza was a small village under the authority of the earls of Razès, then the Carcassonne’s Viscount of the Trencavel dynasty. As a result of the crusade against the Cathars, Couiza became property of the French knight Pierre de Voisins, who also owned the villages of Rennes-le- Château, Coustaussa, Arques and Antugnac. After the peace treaty in 1258, a sharp increase of the population could be noticed. The De Voisins supported the settlement of new inhabitants. In the second half of the 14th century, the plague and the hundred-year war caused a major population decline. The beginning of the 16th century was marked by a noticeable economic recovery. In 1518, Françoise, the last heir of the de Voisins, married Viscount Jean de Joyeuse. The couple decided to build his new residence in Couiza. The construction was entrusted to sculptor and architect Nicolas Bachelier. -
Cahier Des Charges De L'appellation D'origine Contrôlée Crémant De
Publié au BO-AGRI le 19 octobre 2017 Cahier des charges de l’appellation d’origine contrôlée « CRÉMANT DE LIMOUX » homologué par le décret n° 2011-1785 du 5 décembre 2011, modifié par arrêté du 10 octobre 2017 publié au JORF du 17 octobre 2017 CHAPITRE 1er I. - Nom de l’appellation Seuls peuvent prétendre à l’appellation d’origine contrôlée « Crémant de Limoux », initialement reconnus par le décret du 21 août 1990, les vins répondant aux dispositions particulières fixées ci- après. II. - Dénominations géographiques et mentions complémentaires Pas de disposition particulière. III. - Couleur et types de produit L’appellation d’origine contrôlée « Crémant de Limoux » est réservée aux vins mousseux blancs ou rosés. IV. - Aires et zones dans lesquelles différentes opérations sont réalisées 1°- Aire géographique La récolte des raisins, la vinification, l’élaboration, l’élevage et le conditionnement des vins sont assurés sur le territoire des communes suivantes du département de l’Aude : Ajac, Alet-les-Bains, Antugnac, Bouriège, Campagne-sur-Aude, Cassaignes, Castelreng, Cépie, Conilhac-de-la-Montagne, Couiza, Cournanel, Coustaussa, La Digne-d’Amont, La Digne-d’Aval, Espéraza, Fa, Festes-et-Saint- André, Gaja-et-Villedieu, Gardie, Ladern-sur-Lauquet, Limoux, Loupia, Luc-sur-Aude, Magrie, Malras, Montazels, Pauligne, Peyrolles, Pieusse, Pomas, Roquetaillade, Rouffiac-d’Aude, Saint- Couat-du-Razès, Saint-Hilaire, Saint-Polycarpe, La Serpent, Serres, Tourreilles, Villar-Saint-Anselme, Villebazy et Villelongue-d’Aude. 2°- Aire parcellaire délimitée Les vins sont issus exclusivement des vignes situées dans l’aire parcellaire de production telle qu’approuvée par l’Institut national de l’origine et de la qualité lors de la séance du comité national compétent du 12 février 1992. -
Transport À La Demande INFOS PRATIQUES " on Vous Emmène
SE DÉPLACER DANS L’AUDE Transport à la demande INFOS PRATIQUES " On vous emmène POUR ROULER INFORMÉ ! TEXT’AUDE où aujourd’hui ? " Text’aude est un service d’alerte SMS qui vous tient informé sur les perturbations importantes de la circulation dans le département (chantiers d’envergure) ou pour la suspension du 1€ le trajet service de transport de voyageurs des cars Audelignes (annulation pour cause d’intempéries). Pour bénéficier de ce service, il vous Avec le transport à la demande, suffit de vous inscrire gratuitement surwww.inforoute11.fr et (2 € aller-retour) de créer vos alertes en fonction de votre zone géographique. ligne vous commandez votre trajet 11 et vous vous rendez où vous voulez. audelignes.aude.fr POUR MIEUX VIVRE ligne LES LIGNES INTERURBAINES! 2 audelignes.aude.fr permet à tout voyageur de connaître en Pour adhérer deux clics les points de départ et les horaires aller et retour des lignes régulières. Entrez votre commune de « montée » et celle de ligne connectez-vous sur « descente », lancez la recherche et les horaires apparaissent ! 10 www.aude.fr/inscription-tad NUMÉRO VERT GRATUIT ! Le Département a mis en place un numéro vert gratuit T dont les messages sont actualisés en temps réel en cas d’intempéries, de travaux... VOUS POUVEZ ÉGALEMENT VOUS CONNECTER SUR AUDE.FR COMMUNAUTÉ DE COMMUNES DES PYRÉNÉES AUDOISES OU APPELER LE SERVICE DES TRANSPORTS DU DÉPARTEMENT DE L’AUDE AU 04 68 11 67 76 Réservez au 04 68 72 83 49 CASTELNAUDARY VILLASAVARY MONTREAL FANJEAUX LE TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE LE TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE COMMUNAUTÉ DE COMMUNES DES PYRÉNÉES AUDOISES FORMULAIRE D’INSCRIPTION MODE D’EMPLOI ! NARBONNE AU TRANSPORT À LA DEMANDE MIREPOIX LES DESTINATIONS DES LIGNES : ligne ADHÉSION GRATUITE 11 Pour mieux répondre à vos besoins en matière de transport en 1010 Belcaire, Quillan, Lavelanet VAL DE LAMBRONNE commun, le Département en partenariat avec votre intercommunalité, DEUX POSSIBILITÉS : 1020 Axat-Quillan PEYREFITTE CASTELNAUDARY CARCASSONNE crée un nouveau service de transport à la demande. -
À La Volée Crémant De Limoux
HB Wine Merchants presents wine from: Pierre & La Bouché Family FRANCE À la Volée Crémant de Limoux AOC Limoux Brand Highlights • 50% Chardonnay + 50% Chenin Blanc • 18 months ageing on slats, Brut Nature Zero Dosage, Vintage dated • Made in the Champenoise method The Estate This small firm sources the best fruit planted on limestone and clay soils in the upper Aude Valley in Limoux. Pierre specifies the careful selection of fruit grown with the purpose of making the highest quality sparkling wine. Wine Making This is a totally natural style of wine-making and secondary fermentation in the bottle just as in Champagne. There is zero sugar added at disgorgement, only white wine to top the bottles making it a Brut Nature and. Made with 50% Chardonnay + 50% Chenin Blanc grapes that are harvested by hand and transported from the vineyards in small crates to avoid damaging the clusters. Care is used to make sure the grapes arrive in perfect condition to avoid premature exposure of the juice to air. The grapes are destemmed and gently pressed and the juice allowed to settle. Fermentation takes place in stainless-steel under temperature control and lasts for about 6 weeks. The wine is then bottled for secondary fermentation and ageing. After 18 months the bottles are disgorged and topped off with wine but no dosage liquor. It is Brut Nature, so only has 3 grams of natural residual sugar. Tasting Notes A brilliant gold color. Delicate and effervescent, with pleasant notes of candied fruit and toasted bread. Good structure and well balanced with a hint of bitters.