Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology

Overview

•Many substances • Only some cause problems Disorders • Why use? • Makes you feel good •Escape Psychology 311 • Performance enhancement Abnormal Psychology • Medical treatment • Socialization •Others Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides

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Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology

Psychoactive Problem

• Influences many things within an • Also influences society as well individual •Crime •Emotions • Domestic violence • Thought • HIV/AIDS/STDs/Hepatitis •Behavior • Educational quality • Physiology • Costs society billions in related costs • Insurance • Judicial/Corrections • Medical costs covered by taxpayers

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Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology

Examples Progression of use • Friends usually start your use •Smoking • Begin recreationally • • Build tolerance • • Need more and more of the to get •DUI the same effect • Domestic Violence • Develop a substance abuse problem •Rape • Causes problems to self, family or society • Other Violence • Moves into • Must have the drug to function •Withdrawal

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DSM IV Substance Intoxication

• Different levels • Development of REVERSIBLE substance- • Substance Intoxication specific symptoms due to the recent •Substance Abuse ingestion or exposure to a substance. • Substance Dependence • Clinically maladaptive behavior or psychological changes due to the effect of the substance on the CNS • Symptoms are not due to another medical or psychological disorder

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Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology

Substance Abuse Substance Dependence

• 1 or more symptoms with past 12 months • Three or more symptoms in the past 12 months • Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to •Tolerance fulfill important obligations (Missing work) •Withdrawal • Recurrent substance use in situation in which it is • Ingestion of greater amounts physically hazardous do to so (DW I) • Persistent desire to cut down or control the • Recurrent substance-related legal problems substance (arrests) • Lots of time spent to get the substance, use it, or • Continued substance use despite having recover from it persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal • Elimination or reduction of social, work, or pro blems caus ed or ex acerbated by the effects of recreational activities due to use a substance (fights) • Continued use despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems due to use. 9 10

Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology Psyc 311 – Abnormal Psychology

Two Key Symptoms for Abuse or Dependence Issue

• Substance tolerance • Withdrawal • Need more and more of the drug to get • Is a major reason for continued use the same effect • Negative reinforcement • Substance withdrawal • Escape from negative symptoms • You experience symptoms opposite of the • Avoid unpleasant symptoms drugs effect when drugs are not in your • Result – use continues body • - you experience lethargy • Depressants – you experience stimulation

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Example Methamphetamine Tolerance

• Using – makes you feel more alert, • Is extremely important • Makes you need more of the same drug to make stimulated, etc you feel good •Withdrawal • Example – Alcohol • Early users - 1-2 beers feeling really high • Feel lethargic, depressed, down • Middle users – need 5-6 beers • Just cannot seem to get going • Later users – Can drink 12 or more beers •Problem • Feel weird • Health related effects •Result • Reaction time problems • W ithdrawal occurs when drug is not in the • Use again, makes you feel “normal” system

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