TULANE STUDIES IN GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY Volume 16. Number 2 ------September 17, 1980 P~GA~~~~~~~1)·, ~~;:~~~~~i~k~:~6~~~~~~~U~~~~~i~~#~5~A THE CENOZOIC OF THE WESTERN ATLANTIC EMILY H. VOKES TULANE UNIVERSITY and ANTHONY D'ATTTLIO SAN DIEGO NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

CONTENTS

I. ABSTRACT ...... Pal-!l' 15 II. INTRODUCTION ...... 15 Irr. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...... IR TV. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS. IH V. LOCALITY DATA ..... ;)2 VI. LITERATURE CITED . 51 ILLUSTRATIONS TEXT FIGURE I IX PLATE! 51 PLATE2 5:!

I. ABSTRACT II. INTRODUCTION " Murex" alfredensis Bartsch, 1915, has The smaller speCIE'S or arc recently been named as the type species of among the least well-known members of a new subgenus Vokes, 1978, any fauna and. thus. it is not surprising to along with a second species, P. maraisi. find an entire group of small muricids that described at the same time. "Murex" funa­ has been virtually overlook(•d. although. as .futiensis Hedley, 1899, is here tentatively this paper will demonstrate. there are at assigned to the same subgenus and three least four Recent and two fossil species. The new species are described : ?PygmaeptenJS present geographic range of this group IS germainae. from the Recent and fossil fauna essentially world-wide tropicaL renecting a of the Caribbean: and P. pratulum and ?P. geologic history that extends back to th<' drezi. from the Miocene Chi pol a Formation lower Miocene. of northwestern Florida. Tv•<'O of the Recent species have been dC' The subgenus was initially assigned to the scribed many years but their affinitics wen• Pterynotus in the subfamily Munci­ not evident. Vokes prev1ously !1971, p. 14 nae but ?P. gennainae proves to have a rad­ and 51. respcctivel.vl referred "Murex" al­ ula that indicates pl acement in the subfam­ fredensis Bartsch. 1915. to Dennonwrex ily . The unanswered ques­ and "Mure.r"funafuliensis Hedley, 1899. to tion is whether P. alfredensis, P. maraisi. . Radwin and D'Attilio !1976, p. and P. pratulum, n. sp., are congeneric with 148 ) placed M. funqfutiensis in Fcwartin ?P. funafutiensis , ?P. germainae and ?P. and M. alfredensis in lncertae SPdis !ibid .. drezi. n. sp., or whether the latter arc mem­ p. 2151. Otherwise ne1ther species has re­ bers of a superficially similar genus-group ceived anv notice at all. in the Muricopsinae, distinct from Pygmaep­ Our int~~rest in this small group of mcons­ terys. picuous (and rare l shells wHs cng(•nd(.•n•d

EDITORIAL COMMITTEE FOR THIS PAPER: A. MYRA KEEN. Department of Geology, Stanford University IEm('ntusl. St. Flonda 15 Vol. 16 46 Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology by a remarkable case of what can only be three varices (four to seven in Pazinotus, six extreme parallelism between two species, to nine in Pygmaepterys); but the surface one in the lower Miocene Chipola Forma­ ornamentation, which is perhaps the most lion of Florida and the other in the Recent conspicuous feature of Pygmaepterys, is al­ fauna of South Africa. Among specimens most totally lacking in Pazinotus. If Pazino­ sent to Vokes for identification by Richard tus (as the name implies) looks like a cross N. Kilburn, of the Natal Museum, were ex­ between Pterynotus and Paziella, then Pyg­ amples of a tiny form, obviously related to maepterys might be said to resemble a cross "Murex" alfredensis but not the same. At between Pterynotus and (hence, first sight it appeared to be the twin of an Radwin and D'Attilio's assignment for M. undescribed species from the Chipola For­ funafutiensis). mation, so similar in overall aspect were the The unusually scabrous shell surface in two shells. Further work indicated differ­ Pygmaepterys lends an air of similarity to ences, primarily in the protoconch, but the the members of the Muricospinae (see Rad­ likeness is still amazing (compare pl. 1, fig. 6 win and D'Attilio, 1971, p. 64), especially the and pl. 2, fig. 3). Also included in the same genera Favartia and . Except material was apparently the second known for this ornamentation the shells otherwise example of "Murex" alfredensis (see pl. 2, seem much more closely akin to the muri­ fig. 1). cine genus Pterynotus Swainson (type: Needless to say, here was an irresistible Murex pinnatus Swainson*). Although area for further research. Examination of many members of Pterynotus are smooth, M. alfredensis indicated that the Dermo­ the type species has a scabrous surface. murex assignment was no longer tenable, The resemblance to the Muricopsinae but no alternative was available. With the is primarily in the scabrous surface, com­ added evidence of other undescribed posed of myriad axial growth lamellae. The species, both in the African fauna and in the nature of the is different from most Caribbean, as well as two Chipola fossil muricopsine genera. In Mv.rexiella and forms, a new subgenus Pterynotus (Pyg­ Favartia, the two groups most likely to be maepterys) was erected, with M. alfreden­ confounded with Pygmaepterys, it is almost sis as type, inasmuch as it was the only previously described species. The second African species was named at the same time *The use of the name Murex pinnatus for this (Vokes, 1978). species has once again been sanctioned by the Subsequent work brought about the rec­ International Commission on Zoological No­ menclature. T echnically, the name Purpura ognition of Murex funofutiensis as a third a lata ROding, 1798, is older, but for years was Indo-P acific member of the group. Six assumed to be a secondary homonym of Murer specimens sent to D' Attilio by a collector for alatu.s Gmelin, 1791. when both forms were re­ identification proved to be examples of ferred to the genus Murer s.l. Only in the last "M." funofutiensis. All were dredged in few years have authors attempted to replace the coralline algae and sand, at 100 fms., in long established pinnatus with the older but un­ Pokai Bay, Oahu, Hawaii. One of the speci­ used alata, because the International Code of mens is figured here (pl. 2, fig. 5) and it can Zoological Nomenclature took a very hard line be seen that it resembles Pygmaepterys al­ on nomina oblita and demanded application to fredensis, with the exception of several the Commission to conserve any threatened name. However, after long years of debate the small denticles on the inner lip. Rules were amended (1974, Bull. Zoo!. Nomen .. As noted above, Vokes had considered v. 31, pt. 2, pp. 77-89) and it was determined that this form to belong to another little-known "the Law of Priority is to be used to promote subgenus Pazinotus Vokes, 1970, which has stability and is not intended to upset a long­ a superficial resemblance to Pygmaepterys. established name" (Art. 23a-b) and, more im­ However, the members of Pazinotus (type: portantly, that "a junior secondary homonym "Eupleum" stimpsonii Dall) have a smooth rejected be fore 1961 [as was alata] is perma­ shell and are considered members of the nently rejected and cannot be restored" (Art. genus Poirieria; Pygmaepterys may be dis­ 59b). The mills of the Commission grind slowly, but they ultimately grind very well, and Mure.r lmguJshed by the elaborate axial laminae pinnatus is no longer allowed to be replaced by and spiral cords covering the shell. The two ~urpum alata without petitioning the Commis­ groups share the trail of having more than SIOn. No.2 li circular. having only small. usually paired. All of tlw abo\"l' 1n· Indo-P;wTiic lorms elongate denlicles on the inner side of the Howe\·vr. tht'n· IS n liJH!t criht>d "fH·cJt outer lip, and none on the inner lip. Muri­ m tlw water: of Hll· Carihbl·ttblic <1nd tht• Pll'iston t shoulder spines s imilar to Pygmaepte",Js but hl'ds of Costa Hic:c L•ndouhtl•dk. o1 ct dt Fava.rtia has virtually none; ho\vever. .;eri~)('cl it will bt> n·cq).!nizl·d m.collvd rr Favctrtia has the more elaborate axial mis-l;.il><'kd 1~ •·f'w·nrtia C'elllllosn 1C'on !lrnwth lamellae. None of the Muricopsinae radl. ·: Ir midi ion, thl'fl' an· l\\'O fo~~~~ ---JH have the varical formation ofPygmaepterys. Cll'S !rom tlw late lowt>r Miocl'fH' Cl11pol; m which the abapical face of the is Formation of Florida. Like du·ir mod( distinctly set apart as a separate flange. COUfltl'rparts tht'Sl' fossil .!if>l'Cit·o;; C:ll"l r ( l This type of varix formation is masked bv onl_v small but ran•. l'\'t·n 111 tlH• Chlf•OI the axial lamellae when the shell is fresh bt;t Formt1tion wht'n' ;izt• ht1s no l'ITt·ct on t t is easily seen when the shell is worn ras in colil'din)..!. which i~ dolll' 1 hulk, tiH'n the specimen of P. ctlfreclensis. pl. 2. fig. II. waslwd and pickt·d undt>r a mJcroscopl' Then the varices have a marked Ptery· Tlwir r:Jn•rwss IS not just a function of IJl'JI'~ notus-like aspect. The same sort of varical O\"t'riookl'd. as 1t nwv \'l.'t'll !Jl' 111 tin• Ht•ct•nt formation is also to be seen in Ch icoreus fauna. In spitl' oftlll'. 1 litt•ralh-J ton~ of matt• !Naquetia). one of the reasons Vokes rial washl•d and pickl·d fn;rn 56 loc; ita·~ formerly thought that subgenus \\'as more ovt•r thl' last 20 y·l•ars on!)· J;) c;ptTtmt·n~ of closely related to Pterynotus than it ap­ two spl'cit's ha\'l' hl'l'll n'l'O\'t•rpcl. parently is. \Vithin this small group of SfH'l'il'S thl•rt• Prom the above discussion it is obvious art• two major chvisions. f0nl' would likt• to that there is no one morphologic trait that use thP word "spl·cit•s-).!roups ... hut thctt may be used to identify positivPiy any tl'rm has bt•Pn prl't•mptl'd b.v tht' [ntt•rna genus-group within the Muricida('. Each t10nal Commission for a diiTl•n·nt nwaning. 1 unit is rather a combination of tl1(• samt> The first includ(•s tlw two Rect•nt African limited variety of characteristics. hut v.:ith a forms and OTH' of tht· Chipola fossils. P. s um total that differs from that in anv oftlw pratulwn. n. sp. This group has no dl·ntiell•s others. T he and the opercul.um an• on thl' inrwr lip and is the more Prerynorus the best means of differentiatin.£!: bet\'-"l't>n likt• morphotypt•. It is the one that mdudt•s subfamilial groupings. but even they are h)' thl' type sp(•ciPs. Thl· Sl'Cond group consists no means absolute. For example, the genus of P. funafwiensis. tht• Rt•n•nt Caribl-wan HO'Inalocantha has a purpuroid opt•rculum. P. germainae. n. sp .. and the• oth('r Chipoli1 but it belongs with either the MuricopsmaP fossil form. p_ dre:::i. n. sp. In this morpho­ (on the bas is of shell morphology and ph','­ type tht•re are dt•nttclt•s on tlw inrwr lip. t~w shell is ]pss t'iongal(• and mor(' F(n·artia logenyJ 01· the Muricinac (on the basis oftlw radula>. likt.~ . In spite oftht•st• diffl·n•nc<'s the wntl·rs As of this writing there arc three dP­ fppJ thill tht• two groups are suffictl'ntl_v stmt scribcd s pecies that may be referred to Pyg~ Jar to be includ('(l within tlw !units of orw mapterys- alfredensis.funq{utiensis. and subgenus. nw.raisi Vokes, the second African spt•cips However. if all of tlu·sp spt•ctt'S an• to lw (see pl. 2, fig. 31. Another posSible memlwr rpfern•d to tht• samp gpnus-group. tht>n tlw of the group is Favm1ia kurodai Nakami onginal assignmt•nt to Pter!J11VlWi and tht• gawa a nd Habc, 1964. from Japan. This subfamli v Murl(:inat• is 1ncorn•ct. for tlw s pecies superficially resembles "M ... .{10w radula ofth<' Caribbean p _gennaimw ts that futiensis. but with five varices per of the Muricopsina(' lst•e tt·xt fig. l l. Thus. we are confronted ,..,·ith a problt•m that at ( M. funafutiensis has seven J and less pro­ nounced varical spines at the shoulder. Tht• this time cannot b(• rt'soln·d. An· \H'. in shell is more elongate than any of the other fact. set•ing anothl'r of tht.• instanc(•s of par· s pecies here assigned to Pyqmaepterys: allelism that mark tht• Murictd at•. such as that pr('S('nted by Pterynol tts cmd Ptero­ nevertheless, in overall aspect it set•ms purpura. both of which havt• thn'l' \\·inl!l'd closer to the latter than to Fararti(l. whPre it vclricps and app(•ar. at first glan<.·t•. to lw was originally described. Tulane Stud ies in Geology and Paleontology Vol. 16 congeneric? Closer e xamination of. the with the others being transferred to a new shells of these two genera reveals a differ­ taxon in the subfamily Muricopsinae, or ence in the open vs. sealed si phonal canal whether all of the species are members of and. if one is fo rtunate enough to obtain the the Muricopsinae. If all are muricopsine soft parts, different opercula and radulae. then the taxon should be considered as a At this time we have no soft parts for any of subgenus of Favartia: if muricine, then the unquesllonable species of Pygmaep­ Pygmaepterys should continue to be a llied terys. The soft parts of P . germainae indi­ with Pterynotus as before. For the present cate that it is undoubtedly a membe r of the study we will treat it as a full genus, with the Muricopsinae. sub familial assignment only tentative. III. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We wish to thank Richard N. Kilburn, of the Natal (South Africa) Museum, who orig­ inally provided the specimens of Pygmaep­ terys that prompted this study; Mrs. Germaine Warmke, Gainesville, Florida, who provided much of the type lot of P. germainae, n. sp. ; Mr. and (the late) Mrs. Text figu re I. Radula of ?Pygmaepterys Robert C. Haerle, West Palm Beach, Flori­ gernwinae. n. sp. Paratype B. SDNHM da, who collected many of the Chipola spec­ 71305: Grenada. W.I. im e ns, including the holotype of P. pratu­ lum, n. sp. ; Paul Drez, Houston, Texas, The recent report by Houart (1 979) of who contributed the holotype of P. drezi, n. another specimen from the Indian Ocean sp.: Dieter Cosman, Huntington, N.Y., who (here figured, pl. 2, fi g. 2) that is very closely provided three examples of P. germainae related to P . alfredensis, and may well be with dried soft parts that permitted the rad­ the first known adult of that form, strength­ ula r de te rmination to be made; Richard e ns the impression of the Pterynotus affili a­ Sa li sbury, U.S. Navy, who loaned the tion, for it look s most like a six-varixed specime ns of P. funafutiensis; and finally PtenJnotus. But it also has denticles on the Roland Houart, of Ezemaal, Belgium, who inner li p. thereby removing th e main loaned the Indian Ocean specimen of P. conchological difference we have noted be­ (?) alfredensis. tween these two "groups." More subtle dif­ fe rences that may be observed include a slightly greater number of denti cles on the IV. SYSTEMATIC DESCRIPTIONS oute r lip in the unquestioned PygmaeptenJS specie!> ( alfredensis. maraisi and pratulum) and a more elongate she ll. Also, the re is no Family tendency to abort varices on the last whorl. ? Subfa mily MURICOPSINAE However, these may well be only specific differences. Certainly, greater degrees of Genus PYGMAEPTERYS Vokes, 1978 difference than th is prevail in many othe r Pygmaepterys E. H . Vokes, 1978 , Ann. N atal subgenera of the Muricidae. If these a re M useum, v. 23 , no. 2, p. 398 . only conchological differences they ca n be ignored. But if futu re work confirms the Type-species : Murex alfredensis Ba,·tsch. 1915. by original designation. muricine affinities of the type species of Pygmaepterus, then we must concede that this is another of the cases of para ll e li sm in ? PYGMAEPTERYS DREZI the family. Vokes and D'Attilio, n. sp. Until such a lime as soft parts a re ob­ Plate I, fig. 5 ta ined for P. alfredensis there is no certain way we can determine whether or not th e Diagnosis: Shell large for the group: with fiv e post-nucle ar who rls; protoconch unknown. Spi­ taxon Pygmaeptems should be referred to ral orname ntation consisting of two major cord s the subfamily , and should com­ on the first and succeeding post-nuclear whorl s: prise only a part of the species here trea ted , w ith on the body whorl f1v e strong cord s and, in No.2 Wesre~··n Allcwlic Pygmnepterys 19

addition, one or more intercalary minor cords. one-half some\\· hat bulbous whorl~ Sp1rre intervarical nodes replacing the '·lost" varicC's. art• only six to eight, with no trat't· of ""n·mnant" Ada pica! edge of each varix flexed toward thC' varic<'S in th(' form of intt•rvariec1l norlt•s wlwre aperture, reflecting the posterior expansion of the varices would hav<• bt•t•n. Varin•s l"ompo~t>d the columellar lip. Spiral cords crossing the var­ of a series of laminaP prt•sM·d togt•tht·r; both the ices forming short spine lets. largest at the shoul­ ad- and abapertural fan•s markt·dlv scahr us. der. Adaperlural faces of the varices covered by Spiral cords crossing the vann•s ;:ts ·~mall chan­ numerous minutely crenulate lamellae; in addi­ nels of outfolded lam mal'. giving thP illu~11 n of tion, intervarical areas crowded with crenulate spine lets. <'Spt·cially at tlw "houldt>r \'ar ces axial growth lamellae. Aperture oval. inner side standing frN• along tht· s 1 c.. n1 of outer lip with six denticles. corresponding to nated frill, m the mannl·r of NacJUf'tin; w1th n Jm the areas between the spiral cords. Inner lip erous axial growth lanwll;w lwtwt·t•n thP v r <'t'':>, smooth, appressed, with a wide expansion at the elaboratt•ly crpnulatt•d hy irn- 1hlt> "Pircll posterior end and three small dcnticles at thP threads, giving thP mtprvarical d ctl making a small fascicle. the posterior ('nd; mnl'r sidt• of out<•r hp ...... 1th Dimensions of holotype: height 11.8 mm. di seven denticlt•s. thos<• m the ct•ntPr tt·ndmc t~ bt• ameter 7.0 mm. paired. S1phonal canal ml'dium 111 lt•ngth. unJ:-..­ Holotype: USNM 294289. indistinctlv set off from bodv whorl. D1Sk'll Pnd Type locality: TU 546. Ten Mile Creek, about slightly n~·curved, with tht· tips of fonner canals 1% miles west of Chipola River fNE 14 Sec. 12. forming a long curvt·d fasciolt>. TIN, RIOW), Calhoun County. Flonda. Dlm<•nsions of holotypt• •wight 10.9 rnm. (11· Occurrence: Chipola Formation. late low<'r aml't<•r 5. 5 mm Miocene; Florida. Holotyp<'' USNM 29-1290. Figured specimen: USNM 294289 tholotypel. Typl' locality: TU 5·16, Tt>n Mdt• Crt•<•k, about 1 Other occurrences: TU locality no. 830. 1% miles west of Chipola River (NE 4 St•t·. 12, TIN. RIOW1. Calhoun County. Flonda Discussion: This new species is unques­ Occurrence: Chipola Formatum. latl' lowpr tionably the ancestor of P. germainae. n. Miocene; Florida. sp., the Recent Caribbean form described Figured specimens· Fig. 6. USNM 29·1290 lholo­ below. The principal difference between typc>. Fig. 7. USNM 294291 <'l: ht••ght 9 0 the two is size, P. drezi being almost twice mm, diameter 4.2 mm; locality sam<• as holotypt• the size of the Recent form. (Note that the Other occurrences: TU localit~· numbers 554, R:!O. magnification of most of the figures of P. 950. 951 germainae is X 8 but P. drezi is x 41. In Discussion: This is the Flonda fosSil addition, there is one more varix per whorl species so like that from the Recent of South in P. drezi (eight instead of seven) and the Africa, P. maraisi Vokes. In addition to size shell is more elongate than in P. gennainae. (the photographs of P. pratulum are magm· However, the resemblances between the lied x 5 but those of P. maraisi are x 101 the two are remarkable, considering the differ­ pnncipal difference is in the nature of the ence in the geologic ages. Whether or not protoconch: that of P. maraisi is extremely mature examples of P. drezi show the pos­ large (for the size of the shell! and of one and terior labial denticles of P. gennainae must one-half bulbous whorls. but that of P. prnt await discovery of more material. None of ulum is relatively small. with two and one the three examples of P. drezi now in hand half whorls (see photograph ofparatype. pl. do have them, but then, many specimens of 1, fig. 7). Both species shov.-· nine varices on P. germ.ainae do not either. the early whorls with a decrease on tht• body whorl. Whether P. maraisi would ulti­ PYGMAEPTERYS PRATt:t.t.!M mately reduce the number to only s1x, as Vokes and D'Attilio. n. sp. does P . pratulum. is not known because of Plate I, figs. 6, 7 the lim1ted amount of material available. The number of intervarical axial growth Diagnosis: Shell large for the group. w1th s1x lines increases m the wider areas but that is post-nuclear whorls and a protoconch oft\'1-'0 and Vol. 16 'il Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology

!he onlv change evident as the varices dis­ with the adapertural face also ornamented by growth lamellae. with small recurved spinelets «>JpPa~. indicating simply that a longer where the spiral cords cross the varices. that at gmwth interval takes place before the vanx the shoulder being the longest: a strong adapera­ fonnation rather than the "aborting" ofvar­ tural flexure at the adapical end of each varix. Jces that is usual in most muricine groups; re flecting the posterior expansion of the inner lip. for example. Pterynotus with a single inter­ Aperture oval. inner lip in adult specimens with varical node. or species of Chicoreus with about four denticles at the anterior end and 1\'.:(). another two at the expanded and appressed pos­ Tht• name of this species comes from the te rior end. Outer lip with six strong denticles. Latrn. pratulum. a "little meadow" and is a corresponding to the area between the spiral Latinrzation of the Anglo-Saxon "shire­ cords. Siphonal canal short, broad, recurved at the distal end, terminations of fo1·mer canals lt>ah" lthe county assembly ground. or forming a small fascicle. Shell color a light beige. mpaduwl. It is na-med in honor of the late aperture a rich mahogany. straw­ Shirley I Mrs. R. C. I Haerle, who over the colored, typically muricoid. with a terminal years.' patiently picked out the majority of nucleus. Radula muricopsine. the specimens in the type lot, including the Dimensions ofholotype: height 7.3 mm, diame­ types. ter 4.0 mm. Holotype: USNM 783319. ? PYGMAEPTERYS GERMAINAE Type locality: off Pta. Higuera. (or Jiguero) Vokes and D'Attilio, n. sp. northwestern Puerto Rico, 90 mts. Plate 1, figs. 1-4 Occurrence: Cercado and Gurabo Formations. Diagnosis Shell small. w1th four post-nuclear Miocene; Dominican Republic. Moln Formation. v,;horls and a protoconch of approximately one early Pleistocene; Costa Rica. Recent. Carib­ and one-half bulbous whorls, the exact termina­ bean Sea, from Puerto Ri co to Panama. depths tion being difficult to ascertain among the over­ from 12 to 90 mts. lappmg vances from the first post-nuclear whorl well onto the protoconch. Spiral ornamentation Figured specimens: Fig. I. USNM 783319 (halo­ of two strong cords on the sp1 re: fi ve major spiral type). Fig. 2, USNM 783320 (para type AI: height cords on the body whorl: three somewhat weak­ 7.0 mm, diametcr4.0 mm: off Colon. Panama, 18 er cords on the s1phonal canal. Axi al ornamenta­ mts. Fig. 3, SDNHM 71305 lparatype 8 ): height tion of seven varices on each whorl except the 8.6 mm, diameter 4.6 mm: Grenada W. I. (Dieter last. where there is a tendency to drop one of the Cosman Coli. ). Fig. 4. USNM 294292 (para type vances. leavmg a .sma ll intervarical node in pl ace Cl: height 6.8 mm. diameter 3.8 mm: locality: TU ofthl• vanx. Intc rvarical areas covered w1th elab­ 1215. Other occurrences: TU locality nos. 953. orately crenulated axial growth lamellae. be­ 1227A. 1230 , R-98, R-100, and R-112: off Maya­ tween and crossing the sp1ral cords. Each vanx guez, 45-54 mts, and off Puerto Real, western formmg as a flange. \l,·cll behind the aperture. Puerto Rico, 12 mts fWarmke Collection ).

PLATE 1 Figure Page 1-4 1 Pygmaepterys germainae, n. sp .. 50 1. (X 81 USNM 783319 (holotypel: height7.3 mm, diameter4.0 mm. Locality: OfT Pta. Higuero, Puer·to Rico, 90 meters IG. Warmke Coli.). 2. (X 81 USNM 783320 (para type A ): height 7.0 mm, diameter 4.0 mm. Locality: OfT Colon, Panama, 18 meters. 3. (x 61 SDNHM 71305 (para type BJ: height8.6 mm, diameter 4.6 mm. Locality: Grenada, W.I. !Dieter Cosman Coli.) I x 8J USNM 294292 (para type CJ; height 6.8 mm, diameter 3.8 mm. Locality: TU 1215 , Gurabo F ormation, upper Miocene, Dominican Republic. 5. 1 Pygmaepterys drezi. n. sp ...... 48 USNM 294289 (holotypel (x 4); height11.8 mm, diameter 7.0 mm. Locality: TU 546, Chipola Formation, late lower Miocene, Florida. 6. 7 Pygmaepterys pratulum, n. sp. (X 5) ...... 49 6. USNM 294290 lholotype): height10.9 mm. diamete r 5.5 mm. Locality: TU 546, Chipola Formation, late lower Miocene. Florida. 7. USNM 294291 (paratype): height9.0 mm, diameter 4.2 mm. Locality: Same as holotype. No.2 Western A tlantic Pygmaepterys 51

PLATE 1 Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology Vol. 16 52

Discussion: As noted above, this fossil V. LOCALITY DATA and Recent species is closely related to P. The following are Tulane University fossil lo­ drezi, from the lower Miocene Chipola For­ cality numbers: mation. It differs primarily in being smaller, the largest specimen seen of P. germainae is 546. Chipola Fm. Ten Mile Creek, about 1'% miles only 9.4 mm in length. Also, there is one less west of Chipola River (NE 1/, Sec. 12, TIN, varix per whorl in the modern form, but on RlOW), Calhoun Co., Florida(= USGS2212, the whole the similarity is striking. The "one mile west of Bailey's Ferry"). 554. Chipola Fm. East bank of Chipola River at aperture, with its labial denticles, is more power line crossing (SW 1/4 Sec. 17, T lN, like the Indo-Pacific Pterynotus tripterus R9W), Calhoun Co., Florida. (Born, 1778) than any other known form, 830. Chipola Fm. Ten Mile Creek, at power line but this is almost certainly the result of con­ crossing about one mile west of Chipola vergence, asP. tripterus is the most dentic­ River (SE •;, Sec. 12, T IN, RIOW), Calhoun ulate of the species of Pterynotus, elaborat­ Co., Florida. ing on a trend that is to be seen to a lesser 950. Chipola Fm. West bank of Chipola River, degree in certain other members of that about 200 feet above Farley Creek (SW 1/, group. The specimens of P. germainae are Sec. 20. TIN, R9W), Calhoun Co., Flo•·ida. somewhat variable in the formation of these 951. Chipola Fm. Ten Mile Creek, about l 'h miles denticles and more individuals in the type west of Chipola River (SE 1/, Sec. 12, TIN, R10W). Calhoun Co., Florida. lot lack posterior denticles (for example, 953. Moin Fm. Type locality, Main Hill , railroad paratypes A and C) than have them. As cut and adjacent ditches on old road to noted above, P. drezi has only the anterior Sandoval. 4.5 km west of Puerto LimOn, nodes, so far as is known. Costa Rica. The Indo-Pacific P. funafutiensis (pl. 2, 1215. Gurabo Fm. Rio Gurabo, bluffs on both sides, from the bridge to approximately 1 figs. 4, 5) is very close to this species, but the km above the bridge on the Los Quemados­ shell is less elaborately ornamented spirally Sabaneta road. Dominican Republic. and more ornamented axially. The varices 1227 A. Gurabo Fm. Arroyo Zalaya, which are more expanded and the "spinelets" crosses the road to Janice from Santiago de more pronounced. los Caballeros. 11 kms south of the bridge of This species is named in honor of the Rio Yaque del Norte, at Santiago. Dominican Republic. 1227 A is a thin lens. Germaine (Mrs. H. E.) Warmke, for her resulting from a turbidity flow. which is lo­ work on the Caribbean fauna and for her cated on the north side of the arroyo contribution of much of the type lot, includ­ between the ""old"" bridge (washed out) and ing the holotype. the new bridge over the arroyo.

PLATE 2 Figures Page I. Pygmaepterys alfredensis (Bartsch) (X 10) ...... 46 Natal Museum 5461; height 6.00 mm, diameter 4.2 mm. Locality: Port Alfred, South Africa. 2. Pygmaepterys cf. P. alfredensis (Bartsch) ...... 48 Houart Coli.; height 16.4 mm, diameter9.3 mm. Locality: Indian Ocean, exact locality unknown. (figs. 2a, 2b x 4; 2c x 10) 3. Pygmaepterys maraisi (Vokes) (x 10) ...... 47 Natal Museum A-5048 (holotype); heightS. 7 mm, diame ter 2.6 mm. Locality: Mzamba, South Africa. 4, 5 ?Pygmaepterysfunafutiensis (Hedley) ( X 6) ...... 46 4. From Hedley, 1899; height9 mm, diameter 5 mm (fide Hedley). Locality: Funafuti Atoll, Ellice Islands, 40-80 fathoms (73-146 meters). 5. SDNHM 71304; height 9.8 mm, diameter 6.2 mm. Locality: Pokai Bay, Oahu, Hawaii, 100 fathoms (183 meters). Salisbury Coil. No.2 Westeni Atlan tic PygmaeptenJs 53

PLATE 2 54 Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology Vol. 16

1230. Cercado Fm. East bank of the Rio Carla. at HOUART. ROLAND,1979, Un troisiemeexemp­ Caimito. just above the bridge on Los laire connu de Pterynotus (Pygrnaepterys) Quemado~-Saba n e ta road. Dominican Re­ alfredensis (Bartsch, 1915): Informations de public. Ia Soc. Beige Malac., ser. 7. no. I , p. 5-6, figs. I. 2. The following a re Tulane University Recent NAKAMIGAWA, KOROKURO, and TADA­ locality numbers: SHIGE HABE. 1964, Descriptions of two new muricid species dedicated to Dr. R-98. Anton Bruun Cruise 10. dredged in 40 mts Kuroda's 77th birthday: Venus, v. 23, no. 1, northwest of Holandes Cay and east-north­ p. 25-29, pl. 2. east of Cape San Bias. Panama: 9°37' N. RADWIN. G. E., and ANTHONY D'ATTILIO, 78"50.3' w. 1971, Muricacean supraspecific R- 100. AHton Bn wn Cruise 10. dredged in 50 mts. based on the she ll and the radula: Echo, no. ofT Dua rte Cavs. northwest of Porto Bello. 4. p. 55-67, 23text figs. Panama: 9°36; N. 79°40 ' W. ,RADWIN, G. E., and ANTHONY D'ATTILIO, R- 112. Beach d rift. Bocas de l Taro, Isla de Colon. 1976, Murex she ll s of the world, an illus­ north coast of Panama. trated guide to the Muricidae. Stanford, California, 284 p., 32 color plates, 192 text figs. VOKES, E. H ., 1970, Cenozoic Muricinae of the VI. LITERATURE CITED western Atlantic region. Part V - Pterynot­ us and Poirieria: Tulane Stud. Geol. BARTSCH. PAUL. 1915, Report on the Turton Paleonl., v. 8, no. I , p. 1-50, pis. 1-7, I text Collection of South African marine Mol­ fig. lusks . with additional notes on other South VOKES, E. H. , 1971 , Catalogue of the genus African she ll s contained in the United States Murex Linne (: Gastropoda): Mur­ National Museum: U.S. Natl. Mus., Bull., v. icinae, .Ocene brinae: Bulls. Amer. Paleon­ 91. p. 1-305. pis. 1-54. tology, v. 61 , no. 268, p. 1-141. HEDLEY. CHARLES. !899. The Mollusca of VOKES, E. H., 1978, Muricidae (Mollusca:Gas­ Funafuti, Part I - Gastropoda: Mem. tropoda) from the eastern coast of Africa : Australian Mus .. v. 3. pt. 7. p. 397-488, text Ann. Natal Mus., v. 23, no. 2, p. 375-418, pis. fig s. 1-49. 1-8.

SHIRLEY ELIZABETH HOERLE The death in 1979 following a long illness, of Shirley E. Haerle (Mrs. Robert C.) of West Pa lm Beach, Florida, has deprived the scientifi c world of one of the more talented students of Tertiary mollusks. Although a self-taught amateur , she was among the most productive in the field . Her unusual ability lead to her appointment as Research Associate at Tulane University and the Paleontological Research Institution , Ithaca, New York.

BffiLIOGRAPHY OF SCIENTIFIC PAPERS

1970. Mollusca of the ''Glades" unit of southern Florida. Part Il- List of molluscan species from the Belle Glade Rock Pit. Palm Beach County, Florida: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleont. , v. 8, no. 2, p. 56-68. 1972. Cerithiidae and Potamididae (Mollusca:Gastropoda) from the Chipola Formation of northeastern F lorida: T ula ne Stud. Geol. Paleont.. v. 10. no. 1, p. 1-22, pis. 1, 2. 1976. The genus Con us (Mollusca:Gastropoda) from the Alum Bluff Group of northwestern Florida: Tulane Stud. Geol. P aleont .. v. 12, no. I, p. 1-31, pis. 1-5, 3tables. 1976. A new species of Conus from the Chipola Formation: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleont. , v. 12 , no. 1, p. 31-32, text fi g. 1. 1976. (with Richard E. Pe ti t) A new Pinecrest cancellariid (Mollusca:Gastropoda): Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleont., v. 12. no. 2, p. 44. 1978. (with Emily H. Vokes) A re view of the volutid genera Lyria and Fu lsilyria (Mollusca:Gastropoda) in the Tertiary of the western Atlantic: Tulane Stud. Geol. Paleont., v. 14, no. 3, p. 105-130 , pis. 1-5.

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