State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations for 2016 Hearings Committee on Appropriations

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State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs Appropriations for 2016 Hearings Committee on Appropriations STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATIONS FOR 2016 HEARINGS BEFORE A SUBCOMMITTEE OF THE COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ONE HUNDRED FOURTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION SUBCOMMITTEE ON STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS, AND RELATED PROGRAMS KAY GRANGER, Texas, Chairwoman MARIO DIAZ-BALART, Florida NITA M. LOWEY, New York CHARLES W. DENT, Pennsylvania BARBARA LEE, California ANDER CRENSHAW, Florida C. A. DUTCH RUPPERSBERGER, Maryland THOMAS J. ROONEY, Florida DEBBIE WASSERMAN SCHULTZ, Florida JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska JOSE´ E. SERRANO, New York CHRIS STEWART, Utah NOTE: Under Committee Rules, Mr. Rogers, as Chairman of the Full Committee, and Mrs. Lowey, as Ranking Minority Member of the Full Committee, are authorized to sit as Members of all Subcommittees. ANNE MARIE CHOTVACS, CRAIG HIGGINS, ALICE HOGANS, SUSAN ADAMS, DAVID BORTNICK, and CLELIA ALVARADO, Staff Assistants PART 4 PUBLIC AND OUTSIDE WITNESSES ( Printed for the use of the Committee on Appropriations U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 97–394 WASHINGTON : 2015 COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS HAROLD ROGERS, Kentucky, Chairman RODNEY P. FRELINGHUYSEN, New Jersey NITA M. LOWEY, New York ROBERT B. ADERHOLT, Alabama MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio KAY GRANGER, Texas PETER J. VISCLOSKY, Indiana MICHAEL K. SIMPSON, Idaho JOSE´ E. SERRANO, New York JOHN ABNEY CULBERSON, Texas ROSA L. DELAURO, Connecticut ANDER CRENSHAW, Florida DAVID E. PRICE, North Carolina JOHN R. CARTER, Texas LUCILLE ROYBAL-ALLARD, California KEN CALVERT, California SAM FARR, California TOM COLE, Oklahoma CHAKA FATTAH, Pennsylvania MARIO DIAZ-BALART, Florida SANFORD D. BISHOP, JR., Georgia CHARLES W. DENT, Pennsylvania BARBARA LEE, California TOM GRAVES, Georgia MICHAEL M. HONDA, California KEVIN YODER, Kansas BETTY MCCOLLUM, Minnesota STEVE WOMACK, Arkansas STEVE ISRAEL, New York JEFF FORTENBERRY, Nebraska TIM RYAN, Ohio THOMAS J. ROONEY, Florida C. A. DUTCH RUPPERSBERGER, Maryland CHARLES J. FLEISCHMANN, Tennessee DEBBIE WASSERMAN SCHULTZ, Florida JAIME HERRERA BEUTLER, Washington HENRY CUELLAR, Texas DAVID P. JOYCE, Ohio CHELLIE PINGREE, Maine DAVID G. VALADAO, California MIKE QUIGLEY, Illinois ANDY HARRIS, Maryland DEREK KILMER, Washington MARTHA ROBY, Alabama MARK E. AMODEI, Nevada CHRIS STEWART, Utah E. SCOTT RIGELL, Virginia DAVID W. JOLLY, Florida DAVID YOUNG, Iowa EVAN H. JENKINS, West Virginia STEVEN M. PALAZZO, Mississippi WILLIAM E. SMITH, Clerk and Staff Director (II) C O N T E N T S MARCH 25, 2015 Page Granger, Hon. Kay, opening statement ................................................................. 1 Lowey, Hon. Nita M., opening statement .............................................................. 1 WITNESSES Albright, Alice .......................................................................................................... 32 Ardouny, Bryan ........................................................................................................ 175 Arnold, David ........................................................................................................... 214 Beckman, David ....................................................................................................... 40 Bilimoria, Natasha F. .............................................................................................. 265 Bourgault, Jeanne ................................................................................................... 203 Calvelli, John ........................................................................................................... 48 Carter, Joanne ......................................................................................................... 133 Davidson, Dan .......................................................................................................... 125 Derrick, Deborah ..................................................................................................... 258 Hannum, Jordie ....................................................................................................... 66 Klosson, Michael ...................................................................................................... 12 Kohr, Howard ........................................................................................................... 2 Koloski, Metodija A. ................................................................................................ 193 Koppel, Andrea ........................................................................................................ 109 McQueen, Mary C. ................................................................................................... 231 Memmedli, Bedir ..................................................................................................... 275 Millan, William ........................................................................................................ 164 Nahapetian, Kate ..................................................................................................... 185 O’Keefe, Bill ............................................................................................................. 94 Petrisin, Sue ............................................................................................................. 75 Stoner, Dan .............................................................................................................. 142 Stratford, Lynn ........................................................................................................ 242 Sullivan, Lucy Martinez .......................................................................................... 250 Williams, Victoria Quinn ........................................................................................ 83 SUBMITTED MATERIAL Written testimony for the record ............................................................................ 283 (III) STATE, FOREIGN OPERATIONS, AND RELATED PROGRAMS APPROPRIATIONS FOR 2016 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 25, 2015. PUBLIC AND OUTSIDE WITNESS HEARING OPENING STATEMENT BY CHAIRWOMAN GRANGER Ms. GRANGER. The hearing will come to order. I want to welcome everyone to today’s hearing for the Subcommittee on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs. I also want to thank all the witnesses for being here today. I want to note for the record that all written testimony received by the subcommittee will be given the same consideration. Each wit- ness will be given 4 minutes to provide remarks, and Members will have 1 minute to ask questions. Witnesses are reminded that the Members have your full testimony, and you are encouraged to sum- marize. I will yield first to Mrs. Lowey for any opening remarks. OPENING STATEMENT BY MRS. LOWEY Mrs. LOWEY. Well, thank you. I join Chairwoman Granger in welcoming our distinguished wit- nesses here today. Thank you for coming to our subcommittee to present your views on the fiscal year 2016 budget. Our public wit- nesses, along with all those submitting written testimony for the record, represent a broad cross-section of interests. Leaders from industry, civil society, and the faith community have all publicly recognized the importance of diplomacy and devel- opment to our national interests, and the role of our civil society and private sector couldn’t be more important in translating policy into action. Collectively, you provide a critical commentary for this subcommittee to consider, particularly as the House is considering the Republican budget resolution which, if it were a real budget plan instead of a political document intended to provide rhetorical red meat to the base, would place our national security at risk by massively reducing nondefense discretionary funding. By 2025, it would slash important investments in our inter- national diplomacy efforts, development programs, and lifesaving humanitarian assistance. Your voices need to be heard on the im- pact of your work, the implications for our national security, should the SFOP’s allocation face a 25 percent cut. I look forward to hearing from you all and thank you for the im- portant work that all of you do throughout the world. Thank you. (1) 2 Ms. GRANGER. We will now hear from Mr. Howard Kohr. You are recognized for 4 minutes. We appreciate all of your hard work in ensuring that the strong and steadfast relationship between the United States and our longest-standing ally, Israel, is maintained. Thank you. OPENING STATEMENT OF HOWARD KOHR, CEO, THE AMERICAN ISRAEL PUBLIC AFFAIRS COMMITTEE Mr. KOHR. Thank you, Chair Granger, Ranking Member Lowey. It is a privilege to be here again to have this conversation about this in front of this very distinguished subcommittee. I first want to start, first of all, just our appreciate to both of you and the members of this subcommittee of the model you set, frank- ly, for the rest of Congress in the bipartisan way you work together for the good of our Nation. And it truly is a model that should be replicated throughout the rest of Congress. I also want to take a moment to recognize Anne Marie and Steve, excellent staff directors that you each have, for their terrific work as well. And I also want to recognize my colleague, Ester Kurz, who is here with us today, and does remarkable work. Since we were last together, there is more instability, more chaos, frankly, more dangers in the Middle East. Events in Syria, Lebanon, Libya, Iraq, now Yemen, as well as the rise of ISIS, a re- minder of the dangers that exist in the Middle East, as well as Iran’s continuing efforts to spread
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