The WITNESS APRIL 29, 1965 10* publication. and Editorial reuse for $100,000 Ain't Much required Permission DFMS.

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Church Can Charity of Good Pope John

Episcopal be Quenched? the of Joseph Wittkofski

Archives Marriage and the Cultural Clash 2020. Mary A. T. Higgins Copyright

NEWS FEATURES: Barriers to Church Union, Clergy more Liberal than Laity. More Protests on Vietnam SERVICES The Witness SERVICES In Leading Churches For Christ and His Church In Leading Churches EDITORIAL BOARD NEW YORK cm: CHRIST CHURCH THE CATHEDRAL CHURCH JOHN MCGILL KRUMM, Chairmar. CAMBRIDGE. MASS. OF ST. JOHN THE DIVINE W. B. SFOFFOHD SB., Managing Edzto- Tne Rev. Gardiner M. Day, Rector Sunday: Holy Communion 7, 8. 9, 10, Morn- EDWARD }. MOHB, Editorial Assisiar.: ing Prayer, Holv Communion and Ser- O. SYDNEY BARB; LEE A. BELFORD.- KENNETH Sundav Services: 8:00, 9:30 and 11:15 a.m. mon. 11; Evensong and sermon. 4. Wed. and Hoiv Days: 8:00 and Morning Praver and Hoiv Communion 7:1: R. FORBES; RoacoE T. FonST; RICHARD E. 12:10 D.m. (and 10 Wed.); Evensong, 5. GABY; GORDON C. GRAHAM: DAVID JOEQMON: HABOLC R. LARSON; LESLIL j. A. LANG; CHRIST CHURCH, DETROIT ST. BARTHOLOMEW'S CHURCH BENJAMIN MLNIFLB.- W. NOBMAX PIT- 976 East Jefferson Avenue Park Avenue and 51st Srree: TENGEB: Wnxuii STBLNCFELLOK . Rev. Terence ]. finiay, D.D. The Rev. William B. Sperry Rector EDITORIALS: - The Editorial Board hoids 8 and 9:30 a.m. Holv Communion 9:30 and monthlv meetings wnen current issues before 8 and 9 a.m. Holy Communion (breakfast 11 a.m. Church School. 11 a.m. Mom- served following 9 a.m. service) 11 a.m. ing Service and Sermon. 4 p.m. Even- me Churcn are discussea. Thev are deal: Church School and Morning Service. song. Special Music. witn in subseauent numbers but do no: Hoiv Davs, 6 p.m. Holy Communion. Weekday: Holy Communion Tuesdav a: necessariiv represent tne unanimous oDinioc 12:10 a.m.: Wednesdavs and Saints

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of 5th Ave. & 53rd Street 5, 1948, at the Post Office at Tunkhannock, (Church School): 4 French Service. 5:30 Rev. Frederick M. Morris, D.D. Pa., under the act of March 1879. Sunday: HC 8, 9:30, 11 (1st Sun.) MP 11; Evening Praver and Sermon. Ep Cho 4. Dailv ex. Sat. HC 8: IS,

Archives HC Tues. 12:10, Wed., 5:30. Noted for boy choir; great reredos and windows. 2020. THE CHURCH OF THE EPIPHANY York Avenue at 74th Street Near New York Memorial Hospitals Leaflets for Your Tract Display

Copyright Hugh McCandles, Vincent Anderson, Clergy John Fletcher, Student Chaplain HOLY MATRIMONY SHALL I BE Lee Belford, Philip Zabriskie, Thomas Gibbs, John Danforth, Associates By Hugh McCandless A CLERGYMAN? Sundavs: 8 a.m. HC; 9:30 Familv (HC 3S) Wed. ' HC 7:20 a.m.: Thuxs. HC 11 a-m. By Gordon T. Charlton Jr. One of New York's most beautiful public buildings. •

ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH BISHOP PARSONS THE PRAYER BOOK Tenth Street, above Chestnut ANTHOLOGY Its History and Purpose PHILADELPHIA, PENNA. Edited by Massey Shepherd By Irving P. Johnson The Rev. Alfred W. Price, D.D., Rector The Rev. Gustav C. Heckling, B.D. Minister to the Hard of Hearing Sundav: 9 and 11 a.m. 7:30 p.m. Weekdays: Mon., Tues., Wed., Thurs., Fri., 25i a copy Tm for ?2 12:30 - 12:55 p.m. Services of Spiritual Healing, Thurs. 12:30 THE WITNESS Tunkhannock, Pa. and 5:30 p.m.

• VOL. 50, NO. 16 The WITNESS APRIL 29, 1965 FOR CHRIST AND HIS CHURCH

Editorial and Publication Office. Eaton Road. Tunkhannock. Pa. Story of the Week

throwing off old ideas about Inertia and Self-Satisfaction the office of bishop that had Are Barriers to Church Union frightened them. publication. "They had a concept of the and * Bishop Robert F. Gibson, have evinced an interest in be- bishop based on the past, when Jr., of Virginia said that "iner- coming participants, he noted. he was an autocrat and had au- reuse tia and self-satisfaction" on the Bishop Gibson referred to the thority to be an autocrat. But for once they understood the con- part of denominations, not theo- consultation's closing statement stitutional system in the Epis- logical differences, may prove which reported that it had achieved "a new consensus" for copal Church where we (bish- required the biggest barriers to church forming a united, mutually rec- ops) have little individual au- union. ognized ministry. This has been thority, they were relieved of Chairman of the six-denomi- a key problem to church union. their fears."

Permission nation consultation on church The tentative plan would He said most consultation union which met recently at accept the office of bishop, the participants have come to real- Lexington, Ky., Bishop Gibson traditional channel through ize that though the governing DFMS.

/ said he is encouraged by steps which most Christian bodies units of the different denomi- taken at the fourth annual ses- have authorized the clergy, but nations may go by different sion that may move the would recognize already consti- names, essentially they function Church churches closer to unity. tuted ministers of those de- in quite similar ways. The dis- "We've discovered," he said, nominations not following that cussions have revealed that no "that the theological barriers system. one denomination is any more

Episcopal authoritarian or less democratic are not as great as we expected. "When and if we move to a

the than the others. But we are discovering that the united church," said the bishop, of non-theological barriers of cul- "there must also be a united Referring to the possible par- ture, inertia and self-satisfac- ministry as of that moment, ticipation of Negro churches in tion are probably greater than with some kind of unifying act the union effort, Bishop Gibson Archives we anticipated. and service that would bring all said: "Overall church unity "If an organized church is ministers into this union." would be furthered if denomina- 2020. really content, what will compel Asked if he foresees a united tions that are predominantly them to vote themselves into a Church that is more formalized Negro would participate; then union? There has got to be a in governmental structure, there would be no question that Copyright discontent as we church repre- Bishop Gibson replied that most this is trying to be universal as sentatives are discontent now." of the participants "fear too far as races are concerned. I The consultation urged local much centralization of authori- see this as a possible advance if educational efforts to acquaint ty." one or more of these denomina- tions decide to come along." rank-and-file members with pro- "Particularly in view of the gress, problems and prospects. size of this proposed union and He said he was loathe to Now that progress has ad- as big as this country is," he estimate in what "time frame" vanced to the planning stage, said, "we are all hoping for church union might be accom- he added, "observer-partici- central agreement with decen- plished since the various de- pants" are being invited to join tralized government." nominations would require dif- the six other denominations in In agreeing on an episcopate fer-n4- time spans for their re- working toward union. Already, governing authority, said Bish- spective plenary bodies to ap- three Negro Methodist bodies op Gibson, the participants were prove any final plan.

APEIL 29, 1965 Taking into account pro- see a real possibility of a united Another part of the study re- cedures in the Episcopal Church, church." vealed that in 1963, 57 per cent Bishop Gibson speculated that "Before," he stressed, "we of the suburban congregations it would be at least 1976 before were looking backward com- in the sample reported net in- it would be able to approve its paring each other and seeking creases in membership, 27 per participation in a union plan. ccmpromise out of comparisons. cent of them at the rate of at "So," he said, "we're talking- I think we've moved out of that least 10 per cent over the year about accomplishment of a stage and are now saying, before. In the same year 49 union by the 1980's — a period 'What should a united church per cent of midtown and down- of 15 to 20 years." be like?' Now we are going town churches declined and 14 He said the consultation ses- ahead to try to define that and per cent "stood still." sions at Lexington encouraged tli en ask the churches if they Liberal theology tends to go want to join." him because participants "now hand in hand with urbanization, the survey showed. Highly urbanized churches were 66 per Clergy more Liberal than Laity cent in favor of liberal theology; publication. Study in Canada Reveals 45 per cent of those rated

and "medium urban" held to a •k Ministers of the United eight per cent of denomination- liberal theology; 38 per cent of reuse Church of Canada tend to be al officials approved this policy. the "low urbanism" group for more liberal on social issues Laymen, who were 70 per favored a liberal theological out- than lay members, and vastly cent in favor of permitting look. more so than laymen realize, dancing in church halls, be- There was an overwhelming required according to results of a year- lieved that only 49 per cent of expression in favor of union long study. the clergy would approve. Actu- with the Anglican Church, a The study also revealed that ally, 84 per cent of the minis- venture which has been under the denomination, the largest discussion for more than 20

Permission ters approved. Protestant body in Canada, is On censorship of movies and years. But 71 of the 209 con- experiencing its greatest growth books, 51 per cent of the lay- gregations responding said more

DFMS. in the suburbs, largely at the time and study of the proposal / men approved, 43 per cent expense of city churches. thought their ministers would, is needed. Information for the study while 57 per cent of the clergy Commenting on the study, Church came from extensive question- actually did. Mr. Crysdale pointed out that naires returned by 1,708 lay Chief responsibility for the if the flow toward the suburbs members, 247 ministers and 209 crucifixion of Christ was attri- remains unchecked, the church

Episcopal congregations. The project was buted to the Jews by 29 per cent will have only a "bedroom min- the directed by the Rev. Steward of the laymen and 36 per cent istry," with the centers of of Crysdale, assistant secretary of of the clergy; the Romans were power in the cities, where de- the Church's board of evan- culpable, said 18 per cent of the cisions are made, being largely gelism and social service. laymen and 2 per cent of the unaffected by the church. Archives Regarding capital punish- ministers; and "all of them", On the basis of his study and ment, 45 per cent of the laymen laymen 32 per cent and clergy findings, Crysdale told a re- 2020. disapproved; 23 per cent 55 per cent. Twenty per cent porter he would like to see three thought the clergy would dis- of the laymen failed to reply to steps taken: a massive appeal approve, although 78 per cent this question or checked the to clergymen to take summer

Copyright of the lay respondents indicated "don't know" column. courses in the social function they did not know the feelings Of all persons responding, 81 of the church; development of of ministers in the matter. per cent believe in the divinity institutes where lay members Eighty-one per cent of the of Christ; 65 per cent in the could learn more about the pur- ministers favored a tax-sup- Virgin Birth. Only 40 per cent poses, content, and promotion of ported medicare plan operated accept literally the biblical ac- the church's mission in their by the government; 64 per cent count of miracles. lives and work; and opening of of the laymen supported it. Twenty-one per cent believe research centers to probe the Only 45 per cent of the laity, a child is born in a state of sin; function of religion in modern but 84 per cent of the pastoral 56 per cent believe in a personal society. ministers, approved a sub- existence after death; 79 per The United Church has 2,693 stantial increase in Canadian aid cent said they believed in loving congregations and 1,057,091 to emerging nations. Eighty- their neighbor. members, of whom 86 per cent Four THE WITNESS are British in origin. It is a 30-year-old union of Methodist, Anglican Bishops Rap Australian Congregational and some Pres- byterian Churches. Leader's Stand on Vietnam •k Ten Anglican bishops of in the situation, whereas you NOW PITCHING FOR LCA Australia declared that some of and your government are deeply ROBERTS AND SIMMONS the contentions of Australian concerned with both." Prime Minister Robert Menzies "You think of the war as a *k Two major league stars of- on the situation in Vietnam are crusade being carried out by the fered to do a bit of pitching for "open to grave moral question." Christian forces of the 'deeply their church as they paid an religious' people of South Viet- informal call here on Franklin They were replying to a pub- lic statement in which Sir nam, the U.S. and, presumably, Clark Fry, president of the Australia against the 'atheistic Lutheran Church in America. Robert rejected a call from 13 Anglican bishops that Austra- and materialistic' forces of Robin Roberts, righthander lia support the efforts of Pope North Vietnam and China. publication. with the Orioles, and south-paw Paul, the United Nations, and "We find ourselves unable to and Curt Simmons of the world the governments of Canada, make this clear moral and reli- champion Cardinals, visited Dr. France and India in taking posi- gious distinction, and regard reuse Fry — who makes no secret of tive steps "toward an honorable the distinction as in itself open for his support for the New York and peaceful settlement of the to grave moral question." Yankees. fighting in Vietnam." S i r The Anglican leaders said Both members of Gloria Dei Robert had said that some sec- that while they could under- required Lutheran church in Huntingdon tions of the bishops' letter "sur- stand the desire to restrain the Valley, Pa., the major leaguers prised" and "distressed" him. political imperialism of China, were accompanied by their pas- In their reply the bishops and even the necessity of using force to do so, they could not Permission tor, the Rev. Ernst G. Schmidt. stated that they "cannot think How they might specifically aid that we, or others more distin- justify it on Sir Robert's their church was not deter- guished, are hopelessly deluded grounds that the U.S. and Aus- DFMS. tralia were altruistically coming / mined, but the laymen dis- in asking that negotiations be- cussed the matter with several come the objective of Australi- to the rescue of "local freedom officials at church head-quar- an diplomacy." and self-government." Church ters in addition to Dr. Fry. In an examination of the The letter maintained that Talk ranged from world mis- merits of both sides in the the government of South Viet- sions and theological education Vietnamese war, they declared nam had no basis of popular Episcopal to Church finances and insur- that while "the illegal activities democratic support, and that it the ance — Roberts is an insurance are constantly being brought to appeared to be "idealizing the of man off-season — and included our notice," they "feel bound to situation" to speak of American support of local freedom and considerable rehashing of past point out that the South is not blameless." self-government.

Archives baseball games. "Your reference to the Ge- "We can only reiterate the Roberts winced as Dr. Fry hope which was the main point 2020. recalled a moment in the 1950 neva accords of 1954 as being "consistently violated by the of our original letter," the bish- World Series "when Joe DiMag- ops said, "that you will use gio stepped up in the 11th and Communists is surely less than the whole truth of the matter," your great influence and expe- Copyright hit a homerun ..." they said. "Both North and rience to support the possibility Roberts, then with the Phil- South, and China and the of negotiations. lies, as was Simmons, had been United States, have violated the "In urging this we are sup- pitching to the Yankee Bomber. agreement." The bishops noted ported by his holiness the Pope, The homer broke a 1-1 tie and a "continued" refusal to hold by U. Thant, and by the govern- the New York team won the free elections in South Vietnam ments of France and India, and series in four straight games. and the granting of military your fellow Prime Minister of a For Simmons, recollections of bases to the U.S. as examples of dominion, Mr. Lester Pearson last year's world series, were such breeches by the South. (of Canada), and the United much more pleasant. That "The main contention of your Kingdom government. event, with the Yankees going letter," the bishops continued, "To all these have been added down to the St. Louis club, was "is that we are indifferent to the proposals of President "rather drab," Dr. Fry noted. the moral and religious elements Johnson himself." Arnil. 29, 1965 Ftv< Family Management Training News Notes Offered by Episcopal Women •*• An anti-poverty effort be- completely out of debt. One The Race Fund, subject of the lieved to be unique among slum- family has purchased a home in editorial this week, brought improvement projects across the a nearby small town. this comment from the Rev. nation has been launched in St. "Most of the disadvantaged Edward J. Mohr, in charge of Louis by a group of Episcopal families want to change," he the Witness office in New York: women. said, "but just don't know how "Programs and projects which Working together under a to begin." this fund, or even a much "family management commit- Mrs. A. C. Ingersoll, chair- larger one, can support, are at tee," the churchwomen's pro- man of the Episcopal women's best only tokens .... Organ- gram is aimed not only at pro- group, said that the decision to ized racial inequality is a symp- viding better housing for low- purchase property in the area tom of deep social and economic income residents but also at was made after efforts to ap- publication. disarrangements. It must not providing training in money proach neighborhood landlords be supposed that dealing with and practices, housekeeping, child showed that most either were various aspects of the symptom care, health practices, social ac- "absentee" owners or too poor — voting rights, segregation, reuse tivities, community services and l.o make necessary improve- educational opportunities — un- for personal adjustment. ments. avoidable and significant To help upgrade housing in "We knew that the next step though they be, goes far to the root of the matter. But a start required the slum neighborhood, the would not come from the land- committee has taken on a $13,- lords but from us," she said. has been made, and a token of 000 mortgage for four buildings "Student" families in the pro- existing concern is at least a and plans to spend some $25,000 gram will live in the apartments step toward a sound, but dis- Permission improving them. for a year, taking the family tant, solution." All who agree, Eight "student" families will management "course." When please say I. be offered apartments in the they finish, Mrs. Ingersoll said, DFMS. / buildings — at rents from $600 "we hope they will return to Prayers for guidance are asked to $750 annually. Volunteers the community and neighbor- for in a joint appeal by the Archbishop of Canterbury and

Church will consult regularly with the hood and become supports and families, offering instruction in perhaps help other families." the President of the Methodists of Great Britain. Their state- the many aspects of family Funds for the purchase of the management. ment recalled that in May the Episcopal buildings were solicited by the Church of England convocations "Just having better housing Episcopal women from indi- the of Canterbury and York were isn't enough," one of the Epis- of viduals and organizations in the to meet to try to decide whether copal committee members said. St. Louis area. About $7,500 proposals published in 1963 for "People have to know how to lias been raised. closer relations between the two

Archives use it and have to be able to An architect, a designer and afford it." real estate man also have do- churches are acceptable as a basis and what the next step

2020. The group's program grew nated services in helping the women renovate the buildings. should be. In July the confer- out of a workshop at Grace Hill ence of the Methodist Church settlement house, when par- It is expected that they will be ready for occupancy by next will meet to take a similar de-

Copyright ticipants decided they could do year. cision. The statement said that more than raise funds to im- since the proposals were pub- prove housing in the deteriorat- lished there had been discussion ing neighborhood. between the two churches which With the assistance of George ZIP! ZIP! ZIP! had "led to a great and wonder- Eberle, Grace Hill director, the Post Office Rules require all ful increase in mutual under- women two years ago launched stencils to carry Zip Code on a standing." It added: "Can both a pilot program, placing four given date. In making an churches, while retaining their volunteer low-income families in address change or in renewing distinct life and identity, enter housing made available by the please add your number. upon full communion with one settlement house. THE WITNESS another, and so grow together Today, Eberle reported, three Tunkhannock, Pa. 18657 and learn how to achieve the of the original four families are (.Continued on Page Sixteen') Six THE WITNESS EDITORIAL

mention now, though we do hope for a report $100,000 Ain't Much from the field soon. At this meeting in Greenville endorsement THE PRESIDING BISHOP, on behalf of the was given to a long-term campaign to attract in- executive council, has asked Episcopalians to dustries to the state who will not discriminate in give $100,000 this year to the Church and Race hiring. It was brought out that a group of Fund. If raised this money, plus $25,000 already nationally known business leaders had begun donated by Church women by action of their na- exploratory discussions about locating manu- tional officers, will be handed out by a committee facturing and other business enterprises in appointed by the PB: Bishop William Marmion Mississippi. Officials at the meeting declined to identify the industrialists involved but said that of Southwestern Virginia; the Rev. Birney W. economic data about the state was being gathered publication. Smith Jr. of Kansas City, Missouri, and Mrs. and that informal preliminary conversations had and Harold Sorg of California. been held with state business leaders. In view of the vast needs, these able people reuse Encouragement of new industry with open- are in for headaches. Last year Bishop Lichten- for hiring practices was one of three employment op- berger's appeal brought in only a little over portunity projects discussed by the commission. $73,000, and of this $40,000 went to the religion Also considered were efforts to improve person- required and race commission of the National Council of nel policies of companies planning to locate in Churches. The rest was paid out in small Mississippi and the correction of job abuses by amounts to dioceses, parishes and individuals who firms already in the state, such as the Mahasco ran into jams for taking stands for integration. Permission Mill. This year the executive council voted at the The discussions took place in the course of a

DFMS. February meeting $45,000 for the NCC commis- two-day commission meeting held in conjunction / sion and $20,000 for the Delta Ministry, a project with the opening of the Mount Beulah Christian of the NCC in which a number of Episcopalians Center as the Delta Ministry's conference and

Church are playing leading parts in the field on a full- training center. Delta Ministry literacy and vo- time basis. Raise the whole amount, add the cational training programs are being advanced contribution from the women, and there is at the center, and the location also is used by

Episcopal $60,000 which has to be spread all over the young Mississippians as an orientation school for the United States. community programs. of Indeed the entire amount could be sent to the The first four-week session for 50 young Delta Ministry with the assurance that it would adults started on April 19, followed by other ses-

Archives be effectively used. The commission, under the sions on June 1 and September 1. Campus chairmanship of Bishop Paul Moore of Washing- facilities include two dormitories with accom-

2020. ton, has just met in Greenville, Miss., headquar- modations for 150, a dining hall, classrooms and ters for the work. They reviewed the situation a construction skills shop. at a mill operated by Mohasco Industries, a New The Delta Ministry is one project in one small Copyright York based corporation, which in its employment practices is meeting the barest minimum require- area. All over the country there should be ments of federal law — and doing this only to similar work going on — in the north as well as hold a fat government contract. The mill is the south. Many times $100,000, the amount picketed daily by women asking only for discus- Bishop Hines asks for, is needed. sions with management about racial discrimina- So if your parish observes Race Appeal Day tion — so far to no avail. The Rev. Laurice on May 2 or later, or if you make your donation Walker of the Delta Ministry has been leading as an individual, keep in mind that in places these daily demonstrations at the mill since early where the Delta Ministry has started projects, January and the Ministry has set up a fund for the median yearly income for whites is $1,850— emergency relief for the pickets who are getting for Negroes, $456. And Mississippi isn't any booted around in lots of ways — too numerous to different than a lot of other places —

APBTL 29, 1965 Seven CAN CHARITY OF GOOD POPE JOHN BE QUENCHED? By Joseph Wittkofski Rector of St. Mary's, Charleroi, Pa.

WE ARE CLOSING OUR EYES TO THE FACT THAT THE GENEROUS THINKING OF POPE JOHN NO LONGER DOMINATES THE PAPAL CHAMBERS

SOME slightly irreverent wags in the Roman Hochhuth's play, The Deputy? Were there some Church suggest that Pope Paul VI is a powerful sensitives in the Curia who feared that many of the Italians might see an obvious reincarnation publication. existential argument against the dogma of papal infallibility. Paul is said to have been picked by of Pius XII in Paul VI? The Hochhuth drama and Pope John XXIII to be his successor as Bishop deals with the failure of Pius to speak out loudly of Rome. With reference to these two men in and clearly against the Nazi and Fascist atroci- reuse high Christian office, Fr. Hans Kung is recently ties. A Roman Catholic scholar, discussing The for reported to have said that world-wide confidence Deputy, said that it is hard to deny the docu- in the papacy, which reached a hitherto unknown mentated evidence or interpret it away. Many required height in the days of John, now appears to many, inside and outside the Roman communion, sense both inside and outside the Roman Church, to in Paul some of the weaknesses of Pius. It can have sunk to zero. Any consideration of the hardly be denied that from the first moments matter should keep in mind that John may have after his election, for reasons of fear, of theo- Permission had little or nothing to do with the coming of logical unsureness, of concern about the Church's Paul to the papal throne. The report that John wealth and internal domestic Italian politics, Paul

DFMS. has acquiesced to the Curia in its drive to side-

/ picked Paul may have been planted by the Curia. An Anglican clergyman, who had an hour-long track real reform movements within the Roman audience with Pope John, told the writer that the Church. Church Pope suggested that letters to him be sent Christians, not of the Latin jurisdiction, for through the papal representative since nearly all their own good and equally for the honest wel- other communications, addressed to the Pope, fare of Roman Catholic friends, should carefully Episcopal end up in the Curia and are not taken to the papal study the unhappy setup at Rome as this actu- the desk. of ally exists. Many bishops, priests, and people The current debacle in Rome surely demands of the Roman Church bitterly resent the easy that all Christian people look to this powerful return of Paul to the past. For example, in the

Archives collective in religious matters which has become final days of the third session of the Vatican known simply as the Curia. This is largely a Council, the important schema, dealing with

2020. self-perpetuating group of scheming men who, to Christian relationships and entitled De Ecu- protect a narrow vision of the Christian faith, menismo, was scheduled for release to an expect- seek to express what they consider to be the ant world. The bishops and scholars had put

Copyright mind and will of the Pope. Until the settlement many hours of work, thought, and prayer into of "the Roman question," under Mussolini, sev- the document. It was carefully worded to pro- eral generations had come to regard the Pope as mote good relations between Christian people and "the prisoner of the Vatican." The Christian to speed the cause of Christian re-unification. world can be grateful to Pope John for pointing Here was the best of Roman Catholic thinking out that the Roman pontiff may no longer be the and scholarship on unity. prisoner of the Italian state but that he continues The conclusions of the Council fathers evident- to be incarcerated, in more clever ways, by the Roman Curia. ly alarmed the utterly uncatholic minded Curia. Sidetracking Reforms Just before the bishops were to release De Ecu- WHY DID the Vatican apply pressure against menismo, Pope Paul, on his own assumed authori- the Italian government to halt the production of ty, in spite of long debate and study during ses-

Eight THB WITNESS sions of Vatican synod, changed the text in nine- The Protesting Bishops teen places. The effect was chiefly to bring THE HOPE for wider ecumenical developments Latin Christendom back to many of the positions occupied before the death of Pius XII. The in the Roman communion can only be found with papal intrusion was greatly resented and, at the the protesting bishops of that fellowship. The development, some bishops actually voted to chal- Roman episcopacy, however, has been held in lenge the autocratic action of the papacy. check for many generations. It is most diffi- cult for a Roman Catholic bishop to function as High-Handed Pope a bishop in the primary context of the office. IN A LETTER to the writer, a top-flight Roman Extraordinary courage is now called for to with- Catholic scholar expressed his personal feelings stand Paul to his face. The issue is muddied by about developments at the Vatican. He wrote, some bishops who, for the sake of momentary "I will not bore you with my reactions to the popularity, pretend to possess real episcopal reassertiveness of the Pope and Curialists at the fortitude. Along this line, in the summer 1964 Council. That was to be expected, and, as I publication. figured out long ago, the whole thing is a big issue of Continuum, a Roman Catholic journal, and talkf est. But it is a case once more of the travail- Fr. Joseph Smith writes of such a Roman bishop ing of the mountain which resulted in the birth who has often been well received in both Angli- reuse of a ridiculous mouse. My only wonder is: can and Protestant circles as a result of his al- for where in the h is the 'Holy Ghost?' I am leged ecumenical speaking and writing. afraid that he is on the high road by this time, Pleading for honesty, in the Continuum arti- required thumbing a ride to anywhere, nowhere." cle, Fr. Smith writes about the "liberal" bishop With reference to papal high-handedness, an- who recently allowed unilateral and arbitrary other Roman Catholic priest-friend sent his action to be taken against a clerical professor in Permission thoughts to the writer; "I have made no progress the university of which the bishop served as toward recovering my confidence in Rome. The chancellor. This bit of medievalism was allowed to take place in mid-semester, without hearing,

DFMS. Vatican Council has introduced many more / liberal notions, but I wonder what it all really without warning, without directly contacting the means. What can one make of episcopal col- professor in question, and, worst of all, without Church legiality, when as soon as it is proclaimed, the any canonical grounds or delict of any kind. Pope, on his own, alters in a material way the Although a lot of liberalism in the Roman epis- decree on ecumenism without consulting the bish- copacy is as phony as Paul's gift of his tiara to

Episcopal ops who have just voted on it by a large ma- feed the poor, on the other hand, the Vatican the jority? I would be interested to know your Council has served to generate a lot of under- of opinion of the Council in general." standing and resultant universal or catholic charity. Many leaders in the Roman fold have In view of clearly evident facts, we cannot grown acutely aware that no legalism can be Archives escape the suspicion that many Protestant and permitted to stand up against the demands of Catholic propagandists are closing their eyes to Christian love. Because he has well learned the 2020. reality. They refuse to recognize that the gen- meaning of such charity, Cardinal Cushing of erous thinking of Pope John no longer dominates Boston can feel free to act outside the compli- the papal chambers. An unqualified charity like cated legalisms of the Roman Catholic collective. Copyright that of John could create great devastation within The Curia can hardly be unaware of the pro- the Church. Along this line, a Roman Catholic gress of solid charity among both leaders and priest told the writer about some of the Latin laity. Any ecclesiastical structure, not built upon reaction to the Archbishop of Canterbury's visi- Christian love, must fear the onrushing flood- tation to the Vatican. Seemingly, many Roman- waters of religious truth. In the Latin Chris- ists were scandalized by Pope John's greeting of tian world, since the days of Constantine, there the Archbishop as a brother. The offended has existed an agelong conflict between Roman- churchpeople thought that the Pope should have ism and Catholicism. Until near the end of the known that the Archbishop was not really a third session of the Vatican synod, the organized bishop. Now John's kind of papal charity ap- forces of enlightened Catholicism seemed to be pears to have departed but many people refuse winning an important skirmish. Drastic action to recognize the change. was needed to turn back the tide.

APRIL 29, 1965 Nine Deep Resentment Tricky Business SINCE IT SEEMED that a boy was needed to TRUE ECUMENICITY welcomes Christian uni- put a finger in the dike, Pope Paul was prevailed fication within moulds which are theologically upon to humble himself. For the first time since and historically sound. Soon after his election the Council had assembled, the Pope would at- to the chair of Peter, Paul began to make it a tend in the role of a bishop. He would not per- chief aim to better relations between Roman and mit the humility to go too far since he brought Orthodox Churches. Ordinarily, any ecumenical a personal attendant with him while no other efforts toward the ideal of Christian unity is bishop enjoyed such assistance. This was not reason for rejoicing. But, on the other hand, a goodwill creating factor for Paul. He came ecumenical efforts can also be tricky. A better- before the other bishops to defend a proposed ing of relations at a lesser level can be employed schema dealing with the missionary efforts of to break down more important and more promis- Latin Christianity. The document very probably ing endeavors for Christian reunion on a wider reflected the outlook of the Curia. From the scale. Is Pope Paul looking to the Orthodox to start, many of the bishops thought that the play them against the majority of his own bish- publication. schema was narrow, short-sighted, and far be- ops and against non-Roman Christianity of the and hind the times. west ? The Curia, cultural lag that it is, probably has more in common with the constricted views reuse Paul, however, argued that the document was of eastern Orthodox leaders than it has with for worthwhile and deserved overwhelming support. the majority of the Latin bishops. Would the Such papal appealing on behalf of the narrow reunion of Rome with the branches of Orthodoxy viewpoint produced deep resentment. Eventually, preserve the status quo and the favorable posi- required the schema for which the Pope had pleaded was tion of the powerful Curia for a few more gen- rejected in a more than a five to one vote by erations ? the bishops. This papal defeat could hardly There can be no doubt that many of the walls

Permission cause the members of the Curia to look with greater favor upon episcopal collegiality. between Rome and the other Churches of the west began to crumble during the relatively short

DFMS. The present activities indicate that high Vati-

/ pontificate of the late Pope John. That the can officials, with evident support of Pope Paul, Curia is endeavoring to repair and again make are intent upon putting the bishops back into strong the old walls can be seen in the Vatican Church their former places in which the diocesan heads edict, given to the American bishops, in a con- were something less than full-fledged bishops. fidential communication from the Apostolic Dele- For this reason, almost every Vatican action, in gate to the United States, Archbishop Egidio Episcopal the period between sessions of the Vatican Coun- Vagnozzi. Previously, the Vatican Council's the cil, requires an educated scrutiny. Not every decree, dealing with ecumenicity, permitted of "leaked" news-release can be taken at face-value. Roman Catholic participation in the worship Did, for example, the naming of a large number services of other communions. The course of

Archives of new cardinals and the promise to select more action in a given situation was to be determined after the ending of the Council have anything by the diocesan bishop unless otherwise provided

2020. to do with an attempt to sway the balance of for either by conference of local bishops or by power ? Vatican officialdom. The original decree pro- Is it an accident that so many of the new vided the bishops with discretionary power in Copyright cardinals came from backward areas and from allowing joint worship services with other Chris- tians. places of confined vision? Archbishop Lawrence Shehan of Baltimore can hardly be considered to The Facts of Life be a table thumping progressive. But the eleva- tion of Archbishop Shehan to the cardinalate THE REPORTED Vagnozzi letter, allegedly makes him the cardinal-primate and titular head written against excesses taking place during wor- of the Roman communion in the United States. ship services in which Roman Catholics and The senior cardinal finds himself displaced. The others participate, warned of the resulting great Archbishop of Baltimore has been made the wonderment. Pope John would smile at the idea church-leader of primary influence in the Amer- that an excess of charity should be avoided be- ican hierarchy. Was this merely an accidental cause of the wonderment which might result. development ? The letter of the Apostolic Delegate, more con- Ten THE WITNESS cerned with the old order than with a new growth the thinking of Jesus Christ, authority was sim- of charity, was apparently dictated by the Curia ply a license to author. In the Christian congre- to take a blow at episcopal collegiality and blos- gation, the members thereof are expected to au- soming ecumenicity. thor each other's growth to maturity and salva- Where Pope John was interested in deeds with tion. This authoring comes about through a relations to other churches, Pope Paul, possibly process of mutual obeying. In its root and funda- excepting the Orthodox, seems to place primary mental Christian meaning, to obey is to listen to. emphasis upon woi-ds and discussion. This pos- For this reason, one Roman Catholic writer ture, however, is not popular in many Roman suggests that the hierarchy is the most disobedi- Catholic areas. The doers of the word often ent element in the Church because bishops listen find themselves face to face with a perverted least to other sections of the Christian congrega- legalism. Because the Curia has long since trans- tion. This listening to, not the end but the formed Christian authority into a power to rule beginnirg of personal relationships, is most after the legalisms of ancient Rome, it has gen- important. Growth in the pattern of Christ re- erally lost our Lord's central idea in the matter. sults from peoples' listening to each other in publication. No matter how often the fact may be mis- charity and then giving room for the Holy and understood, in the Church of Jesus Christ, there Spirit to order the formation of conscience for exists no power to rule. This idea, the Servant- the functioning of the body of Christ. reuse Saviour repudiated on many occasions. When Good Pope John obviously recognized these for the Roman Empire assumed the Catholic Church facts of life but the vision, after his death, has to itself, the Church was made into a department clouded again probably through the Curia's required of the state. In the process, the Church received greater interest in Italian politics and lesser con- a perverted power to rule. In the subsequent cern with the extention of the living Jesus centuries, this earthly power has been exercised Christ in a needful world. in various ways. But such faculty to exercise Permission worldly power has always been a perversion. In The concluding article will be featured next week. DFMS. /

Church MARRIAGE AND THE CULTURAL CLASH By Mary A. T. Higgins

Episcopal Wife of the Dean of Little Rock the of MANY INFLUENCES CONTRIBUTE TO MARRIAGE AND FAMILY LIFE Archives IN THE SOUTH INCLUDING RE-

2020. LATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RACES

Copyright ONE HEARS and reads about the culture of the missionaries in China, I come from a very small United States and the absence of it, the Amer- group and have had constantly to readjust my ican Way of Life, the Melting Pot, our high di- thinking in order to understand the people among vorce rate, our unruly juveniles, our racial strife whom I have lived, both in this country and and our various other problems, but one funda- abroad. In addition, my husband comes from mental problem is generally ignored. Perhaps West Virginia, which is unlike both China and this is because our social thinkers tend to come New England. We and our five sons have lived from specific segments of our population and in many places, but it was not until I returned have been brought up inside certain traditions, to Radcliffe for my 30th reunion and tried to which appear to them to be universal or at least explain problems in Arkansas to Boston friends normal. that I found myself understanding some of the As a daughter of New Englanders, who were situations to which I had been exposed.

APBIL 29, 1965 Eleven In Texas I was amazed to learn that, when the mothers of the white girls were strongly murder is committed in a triangle situation, no opposed. The mothers of the boys were relative- grand jury would bring in an indictment. This ly unconcerned; in fact mothers of boys, especi- might indicate that marital problems were so ally in well-to-do families, are often put to it difficult no outsider would presume to judge. On to protect their sons from forced maturity. the other hand, I was appalled at the headlong They are not expected to make much social ef- rush of teenagers into matrimony, for which they fort, which is left largely to the girls' mothers. were totally unprepared, and surprised, at the Mothers who wish their daughters to be educated prevalence of second and third marriages, especi- before marriage try to send them away to girls' ally among those who had been naturally wi- schools, usually junior colleges; but after a year dowed. The entire social system was geared to or two they generally succumb to community the married condition, with considerable coopera- custom and bring their daughters home to finish tion between the generations. college at the state university, where it is as- sumed they will meet and marry boys who live The Usual Pattern in the state, not too far from the girls' parental publication. roof. A NORMAL SOLUTION to the family situation and was for the grandmothers to bring up the two Different Systems

reuse or three children, while the parents both worked BETWEEN ATTITUDES observed in Texas and

for at rather poorly paid jobs, in order that they Arkansas the largest difference is between those might all "get ahead" a little. In this society of mothers of boys in the two areas. This may education was not prized, certainly not beyond

required reflect differences in educational attainments of high school; and, within the schools, social rela- the boys' parents and their ambitions for their tionships were considered much more important sons' futures. But there is also a difference in than intellectual aims or attainments even by how much ambition the boys' parents feel they

Permission many of the teachers. By parents the schools have a right to indulge, a genuine difference in were thought of as meeting places where boys relationship between the boys and their families, and girls could grow up together, have fun and

DFMS. in the two sections of the country. A careful / enjoy being young, while they learned to know look at these differences shows an interesting each other, chose their mates and picked up phenomenon which vastly complicates the prob-

Church whatever knowledge they might need to "get lems of marriage in Little Rock. along". Once married, the young couple usually conformed to the standards of the bride's family In the hill areas of Arkansas, to the north and west, the old Anglo-Saxon pattern of the patri-

Episcopal and everyone accepted as a truism the adage, archal family is the norm. The father supports the "A son's your son till he marries a wife; the family and. he decides and disciplines, in- of A daughter's your daughter all of her life." fluenced more or less by his wife, depending upon their own characters and relationship. In the When the couple adhered to the groom's fami-

Archives Delta area, which stretches south and east, this ly, the community marvelled. When they broke is not the ordinary pattern of family life. Nor away from both families, no one knew what to 2020. is the Texas pattern common to this area. think. In the Delta there is a defacto matriarchal On coming to Little Rock from central Texas, system: when a family problem arises, father

Copyright I was pleased to find a higher premium put upon goes fishing or hunting and mother copes. The scholarship and education, but found also a mother can and often does do everything, al- strong push toward early marriage, particularly though in white families the father is the titular on the part of the girls and many of their mo- head and often is the breadwinner. In the home, thers and grandmothers, who expect the girls however, he has neither chores nor responsibili- to find their future mates in the schools. ties and, to the northern eye, his status seems It is easy to see why, given this attitude to- to be that of star boarder or overindulged son. ward the function of the schools, there should His pleasure and comfort are catered to on the be opposition to the desegregation of the races evident assumption that, if he is displeased, he in them. It is interesting to note that, when will oblige with a temper tantrum. Unless he proposals were put forth to segregate the schools wishes to farm or garden or mow the lawn, this by sexes, when they were desegregated racially, is left to his wife. Since she may not be able

Twelve THE WITNESS to bring up her boys to work in spite of their truce while each one tries to make the other father's example, they also may go fishing and take on all the major problems of their common she may be glad to be rid of them and even life. thankful when they marry, because then some Since all these brides and grooms assume that other woman will have the burden of their care. everyone lives in the American way, the confu- sion can be such that each person considers his However, mothers of this tradition have been or her spouse mentally ill and in need of psychia- known to repine at the loss of their sons, at least tric care. The results of these marriages range of an only son, mourning that they can no longer all the way from lifelong misery, simple deser- be of service. This matriarchal system may well tion, and non-support or divorce to murders, sui- be French in origin, since French influence, cides, orphaned and half-orphaned children. And coming up the rivers from New Orleans, has been these children are products not of any one cul- strong in the Delta country from the earliest ture or even of broken homes but of a clash of days of colonization. French names are common cultures. Nor are these the children of minority throughout the area for waterways especially groups, nor especially of the poor; but they are

publication. but also corrupted in place names or Anglicized, the products of our melting pot. Is it any wonder as in "Little Rock", and among surnames, with that such marriages and youngsters are un- and or without modification. Of course Arkansas was stable?

reuse part of the Louisiana Purchase but, in any case, Nothing I have seen supports the common for its French tradition is lively today. theory that the older patriarchal system of any A pretty, young, blonde dentist's assistant, one family has changed by mutation to a matri-

required who came from Florida and had received her archy. This may happen where a woman is schooling in Memphis, made this comment when widowed or divorced, but old family patterns asked why she had not married here in Little are remarkably strong. Rock: "I haven't met anyone I want to marry In the south, however, there is always the Permission and I don't want what my friends here have. strong influence of the Negroes on the whites Those girls do everything: they hold jobs, have around them, especially in the Delta area. The

DFMS. babies, take care of their husbands as if they / Negro has a largely matriarchal culture. Cater- were little boys. They even get jobs for them!" ing services are owned and operated by women who use their relatives in their work. The Church This is a picture of the matriarchal marriage as drawn by a level headed and observant girl of women often work all day and return home to the patriarchal tradition. wait upon their husbands. One able Negro woman in Texas said to me; "White women are Episcopal lucky. Their men support them." the Different Cultures of She was then supporting her third husband. MANY MARRIAGES in Arkansas and especially I pointed out to her that a thousand years ago in Little Rock are made between children of these our men had been some of the fiercest pirates Archives two vastly different cultural patterns. The con- known to man and that the present fairly happy sequent difficulties, especially when the bride condition was the result of a long and, continuing 2020. and groom are still both in their teens, are often struggle on the part of women and the church. enormous. When a boy, expecting to live like The fact that many white children in the his patriarchal father, marries a belle who ex- south are at least partly brought up by Negro Copyright pects to wait on him hand and foot and make all women explains why they are less tense, more the family decisions herself there is headlong courteous and friendly than northern white chil- conflict; but, since both expect to be responsible, dren and why they grow up to be more friendly they can arrive at a working compromise, and easy-going adults. Attitudes are inculcated especially if they live far from both their in children so early and absorbed by them so families. readily from adults, who do not even notice the On the other hand, when a girl from a patri- children's presence, that most of the process is archal family marries a boy of the other type, unconscious, almost an osmosis, as I have realized their life may start happily until there are major by comparing my children's attitudes to these I decisions and responsibilities to be met. Then absorbed from the Chinese by whom I was sur- there ensue perhaps fifty years of mixed war and rounded.

APBH. 29, 1965 Thirteen Race Relations band or father to manage her financial affairs. THERE ARE many examples of the close rela- In either state it is normal for women to be ac- tionship between the races, from the borrowings tive in the community and in politics, especially of ways of speech and thought to the inter- with their husbands or in succession to them. changes in folk and jazz music, which is a fami- In Texas the community property law is of liar example. Given the assumption, character- benefit to women, although it may make a second istic of any matriarchal society, that girls are to wife very unpopular with her step-children whose choose mates rather than the boys, it is easy to inheritance is affected. On the other hand, the understand why white girls in the south in earli- Texas homestead law which protects one's home, er generations were taught to be afraid of Negro even in case of bankruptcy, is an excellent basic men. So far as I have been able to discover, law and, if enacted generally throughout the this teaching came from the Negro women who country, would be a bulwark to family life by were responsible for bringing up these girls. preventing cases of forced sale such as are More recently this attitude has largely disap- threatened in other states even by the federal peared, presumably because the Negro help have government in the shape of the internal revenue publication. been increasingly better educated. The more I service. see of life in the south the more I am impressed and by the large part that the Negro has played in

reuse it and is now playing. for One remarkable story I heard recently from a young, white taxi-driver, who had come to Little Fresh Bait, Lures Rock from the southeast and at seventeen had required married a woman of twenty-four and had a son. And Other Tackle She had divorced him and kept the child. He By Thomas V. Barrett then married a younger girl, at her request, and Professor at Church Divinity School of the Pacific

Permission had had two more sons by her and was expecting another child. At this time he was twenty-two THOSE WHO have known a rainy season in and openly playing around with a girl-friend. DFMS. Florida have some knowledge of Noah's exist- / Since his wife did not believe in divorce, she con- ential situation. tented herself with tears and friendship with the A few years back the rains came to Tallahassee Church girl and also with her husband's ex-wife, whose at the beginning of Lent; an unequivocal judg- new husband was friends with the taxi-driver. ment calling us to a more profound repentance. The driver earned good money, up to $200 a The rains came not only to Tallahassee; they Episcopal week, and had just paid for his new taxi. He funneled on the rectory. For forty days and the paid the family bills but gave his wife no money forty nights I splashed through rising waters to of and felt no responsibility for any of his sons. the church for Lenten services — that seemed The children of his second wife were cared for, never to save us from a sodden world — and then in the main, by her sister, who was the wife of

Archives splashed back to the rectory basement to strug- a minister and had five children of her own. The gle with the floods. We mopped, bailed, swept,

2020. next time I rode in this driver's taxi, the new waded and sloshed around in penitence, invoked baby had just been born, another boy, and his the heavens, and constructed curious conduits wife had gone off to the hospital alone, leaving and flumes of old boards, kitchen funnels and

Copyright a note for him to find when he woke up. Appro- garden hoses to siphon the waters from Jeru- pos of this, it may be relevant to remark that salem out into the Euphrates raging beyond the under the circumstances he cannot get a divorce walls. We had no dove or raven to dispatch, and without his wife's consent and also that, if she the dog refused to budge from the almost dry should kill him, she would not be brought to hearth. Then miraculously the Long Lent dripped trial. to an end, and the rains ceased from the face of the earth, and upon a bright post-Easter morn- Not Bad for Women ing I discovered, the rectory was a fairly pleasant UNDERSTANDABLY, the position of women is place, and the world almost tolerable. not bad either in Arkansas or Texas, although I stayed home pretending to nurse a cold, and in Texas a woman of means can have trouble after breakfast went into the back yard area with with the old Spanish law which requires her hus- a second cup of coffee, planning to meditate on

Fourteen THE WITNESS the goodness and strength that comes to those It has become a kind of illustration of the who pass through the valley of Baca. rythmic patterns of man's life. The call to dan- It was a peaceful world that morning, at least ger, and elemental challenges; the summons to the part of the world that was evident from my meet the crises of the workaday world, and all back porch; the rains were over and gone, the the long harrowing struggle of the spirit and the time for the singing of birds had come, the voice flesh to rise above adversity. of the turtle dove was heard in the land along Yet amid the memories of rising waters, and with the mocking birds, and the neighbors' small encroaching lizards, and demanding luncheon children. I set about composing a hymn of clubs is the remembrance of an hour in that gratitude for my deliverance from the pit. halcyon spring morning, facing the sun-drenched Then I noticed, almost at my elbow, a small earth with an unconquerable gladness in the green lizard sunning himself on the porch screen- stalwart faith that the Lord will see us through ing. He seemed to be of amiable disposition. all manner of calamity. But when I stopped writing to watch him, I saw How fortunate it is that we are given these that he was puffing out his throat at me until small moments of serenity and calm during which we may gather strength to battle the next dis- publication. it looked like a pink bubble. Not being a natural- ist, I did not know whether he suffered from a aster. 1 sit now, as "the shadows lengthen and and thyroid condition, or whether this was a lizard's the evening comes", in a lizardless land, bone dry at the moment. I am trying to sop up reuse way of sticking out his chest to let me know he strength, and courage before the next existential for was not to be intimidated. crisis. It will not be long before I shall have to I looked away so that I would not appear to face the freeways, or brace myself against the have a chip on my shoulder and spotted another required next earthquake; and I know the telephone is lizard outside the screen, crawling along the about to ring, to remind me of an engagement 1 warm brick walk; and then another over to my have forgotten. right, approaching in a rather sly fashion. I got Permission up to see if I was being surrounded, and fear rose in my heart as I beheld three more of the Talking It Over DFMS. creatures. It was a plot! Another plague! The / Abbot, or perhaps the Mother Superior, came out of a cellar vent and was obviously going to di- By W. B. Spofford Sr.

Church rect operations. He was almost as big as a A couple of quotes from books on Vietnam have weasel. Maybe she was a weasel. An uprising their grim humor. David Halberstem, New York of the whole reptile kingdom seemed to be in the Times reporter, in The Making of a Quagmire: Episcopal making, and the rectory was to be inundated by The Vietcong never used the word Communist. the lizards. Once Paul Fay, undersecretary of the navy, came of The attack did not come at once, but I could to Saigon and delivered a rip-roaring speech on not continue my meditation. The first innocent how to teach the peasantry about the evils of

Archives joy of the morning was gone, and I sat waiting Communism. A CIA friend of mine who heard through an ominous truce while the creatures the speech said, "God, wouldn't that be lovely!

2020. sent for reinforcements. We blinked stolidly at These people have never heard of Communism, each other for twenty minutes, and then the tele- but if we went around preaching against it, they phone rang for help. might decide it was a pretty good thing and want

Copyright Or perhaps, I thought, as I sidled into the some of it." house, it is a warning from a cornered friend: "The toads are charging from the left flank." Malcolm W. Browne, an AP reporter, in The The voice on the phone announced the shatter- New Face of War, quotes a "highly educated and ing news that in ten minutes I was to make a worldly Vietnamese friend of mine": speech at a meeting of the Kiwani. Had I forgot- You have always managed to back the wrong ten? I had indeed! men here, the ones whose only qualification is That particular portion of my life has made being anticommunist, the ones who think like a deep impression. I refer to those days now as you because they have been rich enough to spend "the year of the floods", or sometimes as "the most of their lives in the west, and who will lose spring of the green lizards", or now and then the most if the Vietcong wins. They are not as, "the year I laid an egg at the Kiwanis Club". Vietnamese, except their faces.

APBH. 29, 1965 FtftC&ft Worcester, Mass., with Arch- "come into the spirit of the News Notes bishop Iakovos heading the Or- times and support the bill." (Continued from Page Six) thodox group. J. Maver Feehan, known to a final gcal of a united church? Iiis'op Loring cf Maine is let of Episcopalians as the gen- "The great progress which has eral manager of the St. Louis so far been made has only been among 350 leaders in the state urging laws for fair housing. General Convention, becomes possibb by the support of the senior canon at Christ Church earnest prayers of m9ny people. Opponents, like those in Califor- Cathedral in that city on July 1. Now that both our churches are nia and Michigan, deplore approaching a critical time of "milicious discrimination" but at One of his jobs is to relate the discussion and decision, we call the same time they say such a cathedral to parishes and the on all Christian people to pray law would violate private proper- community. He and his wife are the Holy Spirit will guide the ty rights. Bishop Loring told presently in England where councils of both churches, and the legislators that they should they hope to pick up some ideas. that his will may be done."

publication. Trouble in US over education? In Burma, all Christian schools and were taken over by the govern- ment on April 1 — 85 in all of reuse which 49 were R.C. and 10 An- for glican. In addition to the Chris- tian schools, 45 other private schools have been nationalized. required The education ministry ex- plained that the nationalization EDUCATION FOR RENEWAL was effected to enable estab- By DAVID J. EHNSHF.RGEH. A description of the practical steps that any local church may take to educate its laymen Permission lishment of a uniform system of for leadership in the world. $4.50 education in all schools through- out the country. It said the FREEDOM AND FAITH DFMS.

/ state must take the responsi- New Approaches to Christian Education. By J. CORDON' bility of education of the work- CHAMHERLIN. After examining the work of three con- ing people's children in a new temporary writers on Christian education—Randolph 0. Church stage of social development. Miller, James D. Smart, and Lewis J. Sherrill —Professor "The entire education system, Chamberlin offers his own "creative congregational ap- the main and central factor in proach." $3.95

Episcopal the social field, is being sub- THE EDUCATIONAL MISSION OFTHE CHURCH the jected to a revolution, as it has of become the main factor in dis- By ROBERT J. HAVIGHUHST. A social scientist looks at re- ligious education, its aims and its methods, and identifies seminating knowledge compat- the major challenges facing it today. $4.50 ible with the country's aim of a Archives socialist economic system and THE LORD OF HISTORY in reorientation of views, which

2020. By WILLIAM CAMPUELL LOPEH. A survey of Biblical his- is the most basic for success of tory and church history against the background of world the social revolution," the edu- history over 4000 years, showing Cod at work in the evolu- cation ministry announcement tion of family life, of society, and of civilization. $4.50

Copyright said. YOUNG PEOPLE'S BIBLE DICTIONARY Welfare Centers in Michigan By BARBARA SMITH. Designed especially for ages 10 to 16, are being run jointly by Prot- this book not only makes reading of the Scriptures easier, estant and Catholic agencies. A but prepares the young reader to consult more advanced federal grant of $1.3 million has Bible dictionaries. Many Bible references, drawings, and maps. $4.50 been made to four church-backed

centers as part of the anti- Now at your bookstore poverty program. THE WESTMINSTER PRESS* Dialogue between Orthodox and Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa. 19107 R.C. theologians will sooon get under way. Head man for the Catholics is Bishop Flanagan of

Sixteen THE WITNESS publication. and reuse for required Permission DFMS. / Church Episcopal the of With...deliberate speed, majestic instancy,

Archives They beat—and a Voice beat

2020. More instant than the Feet— "All things betray thee, who betrayest Me." FRANCIS THOMPSON Copyright Men are on the move in our land today, marching in response to inner CHURCH AND RACE FUND stirrings which have aroused them to witness to freedom for every Executive Council, Episcopal Church Center American citizen. Their pace is relentless. Of different races and creeds, 815 Second Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10017 they are united by their conviction that all Americans are destined for Enclosed is my contribution to the Church and Race Fund. freedom. For them, there can be no genuine peace until this destiny is accepted and achieved. Their goal has its own "majestic instancy": Name- the freedom they seek is NOW. Ad dress- Every Church person, of every race, is involved in this American revolu- tion. You can make your involvement count. Your gift to the Church City & State- and Race Fund helps the Church participate so that all men may benefit Please make your check payable to Lindley M. Franklin, Jr., Treasurer, and mark it "Church and Race Fund." from this move toward freedom. Please send your contribution today.

APIIII. 29, 1965 Seventeen of what a priest is before he does\ a less impeded priesthood beyond It is addressed to those, as the au- our present infirmities. The con- thor states, who are interested to templation of these things makes us - NEW BOOKS - know "how a priest can remain a glad we are priests forever." E. John Mohr priest in spite of an almost univer- There are no secrets in this book sal conspiracy to turn him into which are not profitably open to Book Editor something else". laymen and women.

It is not light reading, for it — LESLIE A. LANG both merits and requires careful at- Dr. Dang is vicar of the Chapel A PRIEST FOREVER, by Walter tention to solid substance, presented Conrad Klein. Morehouse-Bar- of the Intercession, Trinity Parish, with a scholar's precision of both New York City. low. $4.50 language and learning. The titles This is a book for priests, written of the chapters are intriguing and THE IMAGE OF GOD, by Theo- by one who has exercised his min- promising: Separated unto the Gos- dore Parker Ferris. Oxford Uni- istry successively and successfully pel of God, Instant in Prayer, In versity Press. $4.25 in parishes, and as a teacher, navy Your Chamber and Be Still, God- chaplain, professor, dean of a semi- liness with Contentment, Compassed This is a fine book of sermons. nary, and presently is the bishop of with Infirmity, and more of them, It is primarily for lay people, but Northern Indiana. It is from no suggestive indeed to all who are might well be studied by all young narrow vantage point, therefore, acquainted with the high aspira- preachers for Dr. Ferris is a mas- publication. that his words come to us. tions and deep frustrations of the ter at communicating the gospel to priestly vocation. the religiously "illiterate." Most and Unlike so many other press pro- clergymen find it difficult to ex- ductions we have here no "how-to-do- To this reviewer the high point of plain their faith simply: Dr. Ferris it" kit, no outline of parish admin- the book is the chapter entitled talks about Christianity as naturally reuse istration, or guide to pastoral coun- Instant in Prayer, a salutary com- as he does about the political cam- for selling, but rather, a consideration panion chapter to the one on the paign. He stands in the tradition of same subject by the bishop of Wool- the late Dean George Hodges. wich. "An awareness of mission", For him Jesus is the Image of the author affirms, "has always required THE PARISH OF TRINITY CHURCH God. So the book is more or less N«r r»rk been an inescapable concommitant of a running commentary on the the Christian's personal intercourse REV. Joint HEUII. D. D.. RECTOR meaning of Christ for the modern with God, through prayer". If the man. Anyone who reads it will be TRINITY bishop seems to say very little about Broadway & Wall St. helped by it. It will make excellent

Permission that mission, perhaps he doesn't Rev. Bernard C. Newman, S.T.D.. Vicar devotional reading for those who Sun. MP. 8:40, 10:30, HC 8, 9, 10, 11. have to, for we are not lacking in like to think as well as to feel when EP 3:30; Daily MP 7:45, HC 8, 12, Ser. these days exhortations in this di- they meditate. 12:30 Tues.. Wed. & Thurs., EP 5:15 ex rection from others. DFMS. — OSCAR F. GREEN

/ Sat.; Sat. HC 8; C Fri. 4:30 & by appt. The writer is a Catholic theologian The reviewer is chairman, Division ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL and he writes of the traditional of Ecumenical Relations, Diocese of Broadway & Fulton St. Catholic conception of priesthood. California. Church Rev. Robert C. Hunsicker, Vicar "Nobody will ever speak the last Sun. HC 8:30, MP HC Ser. 10; Weekday* word about priesthood. It is an end- A NEW TESTAMENT HISTORY: HC 8 (Thurs. also at 7:30) 12:05 ex. Sat.; less vocation, bringing us always The Story of the Emerging Int. & Rible Study 1:05 ex. Sat.; EP 3; C Fri. 3:30-5:30 & by appt.; Organ Recital new difficulties and new joys in this Church, by Floyd V. Filson.

Episcopal Wednesday 12:30. realm of time and suggesting to us Westminster. $7.50 the CHAPEL OF THE INTERCESSION Here in one comprehensive sweep of Broadway & 155th St. is the picture of the beginning of Leslie J. A. Lang, Vicar CASSOCKS the Christian church. The story Sundays 8, 9, 11; Weekdays: Mon. Fri. commences in 175 B. C. with the ac- Sat. 9; Tues. 8; Wed. 10; Thurs. 7. EUCHARISTIC VESTMENTS All Embroidery Is Hand Done cession of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Archives ST. LUKE'S CHAPEL and carries the reader all the way 487 Hudson St. ALTAR HANGINGS and LINENS Materials by the yard. Kits for to the middle of the second Christian Rev. Paul C. Weed, Jr., Vicar 2020. Altar Hangings and Eucharistic Vestments century when the canon of the New Sun. HC 8, 9:15 & 11; Daily HC 7 4 8. Testament was beginning to emerge. C Sat. 5-6, 8-9, by appt. J. M. HALL. INC. SURPLICE - CHOIR VESTMENTS A helpful chronology, indices, and ST. AUGUSTINE'S CHAPEL maps add to the volume's usefulness. !4 W. 40th St.. New York 18. N. T. Copyright 292 Henry St. As one would expect from this Rev. Wm. Reed, Vicar TEL CH 4-1070 distinguished scholar, this is a com- Rer. Thomas P. Logan, (Priest-m ch«rce; petent study well, if not excitingly, Sundays: 7 a.m. Low Mass. 8 a.m. Low Mass. written. And it is good to have the 9 a.m. Morning Prayer. 9:15 a.m. Solemn whole picture laid before us in one High Mass, 10:30 a.m. Low Mass in Suimsn 5 p.m. Evening Prayer: Weekdays: 7:15 a.m. SHARING volume, for individual segments can Morning Prayer, 7:30 a.m. Low Mass. 5 p.m. Evening Prayer. Christian Healing in the Church Oniv Church magazine devoted to Spiritual ST. CHRISTOPHER'S CHAPEL Therapy. S2.00 a veai. Sample on reauest- Write us for »« Henry Street Rev. William W. Read, Vicar Founded bv Rev. John Gavnor Banks. D.S.T. This vaver is recommended by MR* Organ Information Sun. MP 7:45, HC 8. 9:30. 11 (Spanish), Bishops and Clergy. EP 5:15; Mon. - Thun. MP 7:45," HC S * Thurs. 5:30; Fri. MP 8:45, HC 9: S«t. Address: AUSTIN ORGANS. Inc. MP 9:15, HC 9:30; EP Daily 5:15; C Sit. FELLOWSHIP OF ST. LUKE Hartford. Conn. 4-5, 6:30 - 7:30 & by appt. 2243 Front St. San Diego 1. Calif.

Eighteen THB WITNESS be seen, as they should, as parts of ological school there was too little and lack of meaning in contempor- a total context. There is relatively required of us by way of courses in little in the way of theological or ary life, and makes an affirmation homiletics — exactly one course, as of the spirit over matter, of divine religious interpretation. The book I remember. No wonder preaching simply tells the story, as Prof. Pil- presence over divine absence, of son believes it emerges from the New in the Episcopal Church, with some freedom over compulsion, of life over Testament and extra-biblical sources. noteworthy exceptions, has tended to death. She is not interested in con- be ineffectual. I am reminded of a forming to any credal position, There are, of course, complexities remark attributed to Dean Urban and problems in connection with the Christian or otherwise; she wishes some years ago. "Anglicanism," he for faith to be rescued from the con- history of Christian origins. Many said, "has always been wary of the of these are not called to the read- fines of dogmatic pronouncements, er's attention, in part, doubtless, be- platform performer, but this is no and for it to be open to the great cause of the limitations of space. excuse for the poor preaching one so adventure of being alive in a uni- The Book of Acts, for example, is often encounters in this church." verse where meaning can be found. But the questions are: do books She writes: "An evil and adulteri- taken pretty much at face value on preaching really help very and not a few will question this. ous generation seeketh after a sign much? Don't they all tend to say because it cannot recognize the di- And many will wonder if we can pretty much the same thing — ad- really, with such confidence, and in vine in the familiar, cannot see that vising, admonishing and appealing everything that is is a Logos — a such detail, describe the life and to the reader to be a good craftsman teaching of Jesus of Nazareth. word or expression of God — that — to preach not himself but Christ everything which exists is holy and However, Prof. Filson has pro- — to avoid last minute, Saturday that the ordinary is as 'miraculous' publication. vided us with a summary introduc- night preparation, etc.? I expect the as the extraordinary." tion which should prove valuable to answer is both yes and no. Paul Those readers who have found and many. Copious footnotes at the Scherer's volume, For We Have books by Teilhard de Chardin, bottom of each page — where they This Treasure, stayed with me a Loren Eiseley and Sir Julian Huxley should be! — offer many valuable reuse long time, and others, I'm sure, to be instructive and helpful will suggestions for further reading. could testify of light caught from

for find Faith Without Dogma an excit- other sources of books or lectures — O. SYDNEY BARR ing and intellectually stimulating that spurred them on or raised their as well as a spirit humbling experi- Dr. Barr is Associate Professor in sights. I vividly remember three New Testament, General Theological ence. Those who have recoiled from required Seminary. lectures the great Halford Luccock a confrontation with the latter au- of Yale gave at a clergy conference thors should take the advice of in Newark many years ago. Yes, to Miss Isherwood in her preface when THE HUNGER, THE THIRST, by listen to or read what a master of Malcolm Boyd; Morehouse-Bar- she quotes Meister Eckhart: "If you the preached Word has to share are not a self-transformer, let my

Permission low. $1.50 with us out of his long experiece, book alone." This easily read book consists of even his travail in bringing forth a — JOHN E. SKINNER questions of students and young goodly sermon week by week, can Dr. Skinner is Professor of Phil-

DFMS. stir a man up to make a new begin-

/ adults to the author as he has been osophical Theology, The Divinity involved in 'coffee-house ministry', ning in his own ministry. School of the P. E. Church in Phil- prayer pilgrimages, freedom rides I have heard Bishop Louttit preach adelphia. and generally wandering around, more than once, and he is such a Church and through, our contemporary cul- master. This little book he has HIS LIFE AND OUR LIFE, by ture. written (107 pages) were the John A. MacKay. Westminster. Divided into three parts — The George Craig Stewart memorial lec- $1.45 Black and White Blues (radical con- tures delivered at Seabury-Western

Episcopal These are very fine devotional ad- flict and reconciliation); The Death Seminary. One senses in it that he dresses. Both the pious and the the Charade (contemporary culture) ; believes strongly in the ministry of un-pious will be helped by them. of and Man, What About God? (the- preaching. The book is a helpful They are evangelical without being ology in era of rapid change) — the one, but this reader wishes Bishop sentimental. It is a pity that they author writes in a clear and provo- Louttit might have been more per- were not published in a cheaper cative manner. sonal and shared more deeply out of edition, so that parishes could lay Archives Unfortunately, he leans heavily on his own background instead of quot- in a supply of them for the vesti- ing familiar passages from scrip- bules — pardon me, the narthexes the first-singular pronoun and his ture as well as other sources so fre- 2020. — of their churches. If I had a son own subjective responses (which per- quently. haps communicate well from a stool who would deign to read anything in a bistro) but, in cold print, these I would like to have had much on my suggestion, I should want to give the reader a surfeit of ego. The more personal testimony and shar- get him a copy.

Copyright third section is the strongest. ing of how he goes about preparing —OSCAR F. GREEN a sermon, examples of how he makes The reviewer is rector emeritus, — W. B. SPOPFORD JR. old texts and themes come alive, the All Saints' Parish, Palo Alto, Calif. The reviewer is Dean of St. matter of illustrations, yes, much Michael's Cathedral, Boise, Idaho. more of his own know-how and his own insights after some three dec- COMMANDED TO PREACH, by ades of preaching the Word of God. ZIP! ZIP! ZIP! Henry I. Louttit. Seabury. $1.95 — BENJAMIN MINIFIE Fcst Office Rules require all Of books on preaching there is Dr. Minifie is rector of Grace stencils to cany Zip Code on a usually a new one, or more than one, Church Parish, 'New York City every season. And perhaps this is given chte. In making an as it should be, for we need ever to address changa or in renewing raise up faithful dispensers of the FAITH WITHOUT DOGMA, by please add your number. Word. Young men in seminaries and Margaret Isherwood. Harper & older ones too, long ordained, seek Row. $3 THE WITNESS instruction and inspiration in the Miss Isherwood in this sensitive Tunkhannock, Pa. 18657 art of sermonising. In my own the- book looks squarely at the emptiness Schools of the Cliurch

SAINT AGNES SCHOOL DeVEAUX SCHOOL STUART HALL Girls Eviscovai Boarding (Grades 7-12) Niagara Falls. New York VIRGINIA'S OLDEST PREPARATORY 2nd Country Day School CGrades K-12) 1853 SCHOOL FOR GIRLS Fullv accredited college preparatory and A Church School for bovs in the Diocese of Episcopal school in the Shenandoah Vallev. general courses. Music. Drama, Arts, all Western New York. Grades 8 thxu 12. Col- Grades 9-12. Fullv accredited. Notable Sports. Small classes. Individual attention lege Preparatory. Small Classes. 50 acre coiiege entrance record. Also general course and guidance stressed. Established 1870. 49- with strong music and art. Modem eauro- Campus. Resident Faculty. Dormitorv for ment. Gvmnasium. indoor swimming pooi. acre campus. Write for catalog. 80, School Building, Chapel. Gvmnasium and Attractive campus. cnarming surroundings. Catalog. HAMILTON H. BOOKHOUT, Headmasier Swimming Pool. Write for catalog Box "A". MAETHA DABXET, Headmistress SAETT AGNES SCHOOL DAVID A. KENNEDY, M.A., Headmaster Box W., Albany, N. Y. 12211 Box W. Staunton. Virginia THE RT. REV. LAUHISTON L. SCAIFE, D.D., Pres. Board of Trustees

publication. THE CHURCH THE NATIONAL FARM SCHOOL CATHEDRAL SCHOOL and GLEN LOCH. PA. Shattuck School (For Girls)

reuse A School for Bors Devendent on One Parent The oldest Church School west of the Alle- ST. ALBANS SCHOOL for Grades — 5th through 12th ghenies integrates all parts of its program — religious, academic, militarv, social — to help (For Boys) CoUeee Preparatory and Vocational Train- high school age bovs grow "in wisdom and ing: Sports: Soccer. Basketball, Track, stature and in favor with God and man." Cross-Countrv Two schools on the 58-acre Close of required Write the Washington Cathedral offering a Learn to studv, work play on 1600 acre farm DIRECTOR OF ADMISSIONS Christian education in the stimulat- in historic Chester Valley. 665 Shumway Hall ing environment of the Nation's Bovs Choir — Religious Training SHATTOCK SCHOOL FASIBAUI-T. Mnra. Capital. Students experience many REV. CHARLES W. SHREINER, D.D of the advantages of co-education Permission MEMBER: THE EPISCOPAL Headmaster SCHOOL ASSOCIATION yet retain the advantages of sepa- Post Office: Box S, Paoli, Pa. rate education. — A thorough cur- riculum of college preparation com- DFMS.

/ bined with a program of supervised athletics and of social, cultural, and LENOX SCHOOL THE WOODHULL SCHOOLS religious activities. Church A Church School in the Berkshire Hills foi Nursery to College Dav: Grades *-12 Boarding: Grades 8-12 boys 12-18 emphasizing Christian ideal and Catalogue Sent Uvon Reauest character through simplicity of plant and HOLLIS, L. I. Mount St. Alban. Washington 16, D.C. equipment, moderate tuition, the co-operative Sponsored fcv Episcopal seif-help system and informal, personal rela- ST. GABRIEL'S EPISCOPAL CHURCH tionships among boys and faculty. under the direction of the rectoi. the THE REV. ROBERT Y. CONDIT of REV. ROBERT L. CURRY, Headmaster SAINT ANDREW'S SCHOOL LENOX, MASSACHUSETTS OF BOCA RATON, FLORIDA Episcopal Boarding School for boys of all

Archives denominations. College preparatory. En- HOLDERNESS rollment 220. Grades 7-12. High academic standards. Broad curriculum. Individual NORTHWESTERN The White Mountain School for bovs IS-19 attention. Work program. Olympic-size pool, 2020. Thorough college preparation in small classes. all sports. Dormitories and classrooms air- ACADEMY Team sports, skiing. Debating. Glee Club. Art. cond. Healthful climate of Florida's south- New fireproof building. eastern coast. Also Summer School program- LAKE GENEVA. WISCONSIN Write for catalog. DOHALD C. HAGERMAN, Headmaster Mr. Eugene J. Curtis. Jr., Headmaster Copyright Rev. James Howard Jacobson Plymouth, New Hampshire P.O. Box 130-W. Boca Raton, Florida Superintendent and Rector An outstanding military college pre- paratory school for boys 12 to 18 grades 8 through 12. Fireproof ST. MARGARET'S SCHOOL ST. ANNE'S SCHOOL buildings, modern science depart- COLLEGE PREPARATION FOR GIRLS ment, excellent laboratory and aca- One of Church Schools in the Diocese 0/ demic facilities. 90 acre campus with Fully accredited. Grades 8-12. Music, Vireinia. College preparatory. Girls grades extensive lake shore frontage, new art, dramatics. Small classes. All 7-12. Curriculum is well-rounded, emphasis 3 court gym. Enviable year 'round sports. On beautiful Rappahannock is individual, based on orincroles of Chris- environment. All sports, including River. Episcopal. Summer School. tian democracv. Music. Art. Dramatics, Sports, riding and sailing. Accredited. Sum- Write for catalog. Riding. Suite-clan dorms. Established 1910. mer Camp. Write for catalogue MARGABXT DOUGLASS JEFFEBSON. Headmistress Viola H. Woolfolk, ST. ANNE'S SCHOOL 164 South Lake Shore Road. Box W, Tappahannoek, Virginia Charlottesrille 2, Va.