51107-002: Health System Enhancement Project

Environmental Due Diligence Report

Project Number: 51107-002 Loan & Grant Numbers: 3727& 0618

October 2020

SRI: Health System Enhancement Project Refurbishments proposed for Quarantine Units at Points of Entry, Medical Research Institute and Ward 4 of National Institute of Infectious Diseases

Prepared by the Project Management Unit, Health System Enhancement Project, Ministry of Health for the Asian Development Bank.

This Environmental Due Diligence Report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 1 September 2020) Currency unit – Sri Lanka Rupee/s (SLR/SLRs) SLR1.00 = $0.0054 $1.00 = SLR185.16

ABBREVIATIONS

ADB – Asian Development Bank CEA – Central Environmental Authority EA – executing agency EHS – environment, health & safety EMP – environmental management plan EMoP – environmental monitoring plan EPL – environmental protection license GoSL – Government of Sri Lanka GRM – grievance redress mechanism H&SP – health and safety plan HCF – healthcare facility HCW – health care waste HCWM – health care waste management HSEP – Health System Enhancement Project IEE – initial environmental examination MOH – Ministry of Health NEA – National Environmental Act NIID – National Institute of Infectious Diseases O&M – operation and maintenance PD – project director PIU – project implementation unit PMU – project management unit POE – port of entry (point of entry) PPE – personal protective equipment QU – quarantine unit SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement SWL – scheduled waste license

This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the "terms of use" section on ADB's website.

In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.

Table of Content Table of Content...... iii I. INTRODUCTION...... 1 A. Project Background ...... 1 B. The objective and justification of the project ...... 2 C. Objectives of this environmental due diligence report ...... 3 D. Approach, methodology, and personnel involved ...... 3 II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 4 A. National Environmental Legislation ...... 4 B. Safeguard Requirements of ADB ...... 7 III. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT LOCATIONS & PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS ...... 12 A. Refurbishment of Ward 4 of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases ...... 12 B. Refurbishment of Port Health Office at the Medical Research Institute...... 18 C. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit at Colombo Port Health Office ...... 23 D. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Galle Port Health Office ...... 29 E. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Hambantota Port Health Office ...... 34 F. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Trincomalee Port Health Office ...... 39 IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 45 A. Environmental Screening ...... 45 B. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation ...... 45 C. Environmental Management Plan ...... 566 D. Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... 70 V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 73 A. Conclusion ...... 73 B. Recommendations ...... 73

iii

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Project Background

1. The health sector enhancement project (HSEP), financed by ADB through a concessional loan of $37.5 million from ADB's ordinary capital resources and a $12.5 million grant from ADB's Special Funds resources, was approved on 23 October 2018. The loan and grant became effective on 5 February 2018 and are to be closed on 31 May 2024. 2. The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) identifying the need of facing the challenges in sustaining the country's health system performance due to rapidly changing demographics and epidemiological transitions, had requested this assistance from the ADB. HSEP will support some of the reforms by renovating and expanding physical infrastructure in about 30% (135) of the primary medical care facilities (especially for better outpatient's care), equipping for a better point of care services and introducing more efficient disease surveillance and patient information management. Selection of facilities for improvement under the project has been based on several agreed vulnerability criteria and mapping. The investment is aligned with the government's priorities identified in the Public Investment Program (2017–2020), as well as with the Health Master Plan's National Strategic Framework for Development of Health Services (2016–2025). The project is also in line with the ADB Sri Lanka Country Partnership Strategy (2018–2022) and reinforces ADB's inclusive growth agenda in the midterm review of strategy 2020. 3. Ministry of Health (MOH) is the project's executing agency (EA). The project management unit (PMU) established in the MOH, and project implementing units (PIUs) established in each project-supported province are responsible for project implementation (including project supervision, coordination and undertaking procurement of civil works). 4. Ministry of Health is responsible for establishment and enactment of essential and relevant procedures and legislation and for providing technical and managerial guidelines for quarantine units at points of entry in compliance with nationally and internationally accepted standards. The MOH has identified enhancing the facilities of quarantine units at points of entry as an essential component in preventing persons with infectious diseases, especially new SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) entering the country. 5. In addition, the MOH has identified a number of COVID-19 acute care isolation hospitals which are the first sites that should be prepared to respond to such disease outbreaks and also serve as major facilities providing health services. They should be prepared to provide critical and appropriate patient care and treatment and surveillance. Strong healthcare facilities are therefore essential to maintaining public health as well as to the national well-being and maintenance of health and economic development. With the recent global public health emergency due to COVID-19 disease, which has now been characterized by the World Health Organization as a pandemic, calls for urgent measures to respond to the control and manage such disease spread in Sri Lanka. The GoSL has given high priority for strict and urgent measures to arrest importation of such diseases to the country and spread of the virus within the country in the future. The government has decided to strengthen the capacity and facilities of the major hospitals, especially at the National Institute of Infectious Disease (NIID) as an urgent need. 6. The government has requested the ADB to provide financial assistance through the grant G0618-SRI(SF)1 to support the government's initiative to refurbish the quarantine units of at major ports in Sri Lanka and to refurbish Ward 4 of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID). The ADB has agreed to assist MOH in this effort under the ADB emergency financial assistance for COVID 19 infection prevention.

1 Memorandum 24 March 2020 - Grant 0618 SRI(SF): Health System Enhancement Project -Request to Approve a Minor Change of Scope and Reallocation of Grant Proceeds, ADB 1

B. The objective and justification of the project

7. There is an increasing number of COVID-19 outbreaks across all parts of the world. Accordingly, there may be a possible increase in COVID -19 patients in Sri Lanka also. Therefore, strengthening the hospital emergency preparedness and response plan by all institutions is a vital component in the current strategy of combating the global COVID-19 pandemic. 8. Quarantine Unit of Ministry of Health is the main Government body responsible in maintaining border health security in Sri Lanka through protection, prevention, and control of the international spread of diseases and other public health risks while avoiding unnecessary interference with international Traffic and Trade. Quarantine Unit of Ministry of Health works with several government and non-government bodies to fulfil this task effectively and efficiently. 9. Airport Health Office, Bandaranayake International Airport (BIA) Katunayake, Port Health Office, Colombo Harbor, Office of the Assistant Port Health Officer at MRI (vaccinations only), Port Health Office at Galle, Port Health Office at Rajapaksha International Port - Hambantota are carrying out the disease detection, reporting, emergency preparedness activities at the points of entry (POEs) under the guidance of this unit. New units were established in Airport Health Office, Mattala and Port Health Office at Trincomalee harbour. 10. To mitigate the risks posed by microbial threats of public health significance originating abroad, the quarantine units (or health centres) at points of entry have been set up with small groups of staff at the four major seaports in Sri Lanka. These staff, their offices, and their patient isolation rooms constitute quarantine units, which are administered by Port Health Services attached to the Quarantine Unit of Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka. Positioned at the four major national gateways (Ports at Colombo, Hambantota, Galle and Trincomalee), these quarantine units have experienced first-hand the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and its potential impacts and implications on public health in Sri Lanka. The rapid speed and tremendous volume of international and transcontinental travel, commerce, and human movements (especially seafarers) enable microbial threats (notably new SARS-CoV-2) to disperse into the country in less time than the incubation period of most diseases. These and other forces intrinsic to modern technology and ways of life favour the emergence of new diseases and the reemergence or increased severity of known diseases. Taken together, these factors have stimulated calls for greater vigilance for microbial threats of public health significance at national gateways. Some of those calls have focused attention on refurbishing and expanding the facilities available at quarantine units at Sri Lankan points of entry. Table 1.1: Functional Overview of the Current usage of the four Ports

11. In addition to the need for having better facilities at points of entry, the Office of the Assistant Port Health Officer at MRI, Borella (for vaccinations only) also needs urgent repairs and refurbishments to serve the public better.

12. It has been identified that a designated section or ward should be established as an interim measure to manage COVID-19 suspected patients2. In the current context, it is preferable not to consider existing medical units to establish this section/ward. COVID-19 isolation hospitals and all other secondary/tertiary care hospitals have been instructed to make arrangements to immediately scale up their preparedness as and when informed. These facilities will have to be expanded depending on the status of COVID-19 crisis. 13. The COVID-19 Operational Cell in consultation with the Ministry of Health has collectively decided to refurbish the Ward 4 of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID) to be used for this purpose. All patients managed in this section/ward are expected to receive standard medical care. Necessary facilities to manage patients, as well as PPE for the staff, should be available (guidelines on the rational use of appropriate PPE for both patients and staff should be followed). Distancing of patients and hand hygiene practices should have strictly adhered in this unit. 14. Ward 4 of the NIID needs extensive refurbishment to be used as such an isolation ward. Public health emergencies which need critical care could happen at any time. Due to absence of pre-identified resources for surge capacity at NIID, the hospital had to strive to respond and sustain sufficient services to patients. Therefore, health systems must be prepared to implement surge strategies in hospitals with comprehensive emergency response plans, which should be built based on current knowledge, experience, and expert opinion. Pre- identified resources to improve surge capacity should be included in the emergency response plan of the NIID. C. Objectives of this environmental due diligence report 15. An environmental assessment review framework (EARF) has been developed for HSEP and approved by the ADB. Overall, the sub-projects proposed under the HSEP have been categorized as environmental category B projects. The scope change requested by the GoSL to include the refurbishments proposed for the quarantine units at points of entry and Ward 4 of the NIID is considered to have no impact to the original categorization of the project. The nature and scale of refurbishments proposed are small in scale. Therefore, proposed activities related to the refurbishment of quarantine units at points of entry and the NIID shall not create significant adverse impacts. Based on the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) carried out (see Annex 1: Environmental Screening Checklist), the proposed project is categorized as an environmental category C3 project requiring an environmental due diligence report (DDR) with an environmental management plan (EMP) and environmental monitoring plan (EMoP). This DDR report is developed to fulfil the above requirement. D. Approach, methodology, and personnel involved 16. This environmental due diligence report (DDR) consists of: (i) Review of baseline environmental conditions of the project areas, general status/plans about the quarantine units of port health offices at points of entry and the NIID. (ii) Description of the proposed interventions/refurbishments. (iii) Outcomes of the discussions with the staff of the PMU and the design and supervision consultant (DSC). (iv) Identification of environmental impacts due to proposed interventions at each of the quarantine units of port health offices at points of entry and at NIID (Note: Site inspections were carried out in September and early October 2020). (v) Discussion of mitigation measures and the EMP and EMoP.

2 Provisional Clinical Practice Guidelines on COVID-19 suspected and confirmed patients, Ceylon College of Physicians & Epidemiology Unit, Ministry of Health – Sri Lanka (March 2020) 3 Category C: projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required, although environmental implications are reviewed as a Due Diligence Report (DDR). 3

II. POLICY, LEGAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK

A. National Environmental Legislation

1. Applicability of the NEA to the sub-project activities 17. The civil works envisaged under the sub-projects do not fall within prescribed categories of the NEA for environmental impact assessment and as such IEE/EIA is not required. However, discharge of laboratory waste (solid and wastewater) during operation may fall within the prescribed category for pollution control. As such, it may be required to obtain an EPL and scheduled waste license (SWL). 18. Environmental standards pertaining to effluent quality, air quality, noise and vibration will apply to the sub-project activities during construction, where the contractor and the HCF are obligated to comply with stipulated levels during construction and operational levels. 2. Draft National Policy on health care waste management 19. In 2001, the government drafted national guidelines for healthcare waste management with the aim of (i) providing a better understanding of the fundamentals of HCWM planning and (ii) directing HCFs in setting necessary procedures and standards to comply with policy and legislative requirements. The draft national guidelines contain both practical and conceptual information on HCWM covering four main sections: (i) Definition and categorization of HCW, including potential harmful effects that can result from its improper management. (ii) Procedures for segregation, packaging, labelling, collection, storage, transportation, and disposal (including the selection of appropriate treatment and disposal technologies) that should be applied and followed by all HCFs in the country. (iii) Instructions for the implementation of health care waste management plans, including detail description of duties and responsibilities of health care provider at various levels. (iv) Instruction for personnel of Central and Provincial Health Services who oversee HCWM to ensure smooth implementation of the guidelines and to set up regular monitoring mechanisms. 20. In 2007, concise guidelines for HCWM were prepared under the Hospital Efficiency and Quality component of the Sri Lanka Health Sector Development Project based on the detailed draft guidelines prepared in 2001. The concise guidelines which mainly contain sections in waste categorization and health care waste management procedures have been formally adopted and incorporated into the Handbook of Infection Control. 3. Other regulations related to pollution control under the NEA 21. Other than the provisions of the NEA, the following are also applicable for proposed project components. Table 2.1: Other provisions of the NEA which are applicable for the proposed project

Laws and Regulations Provisions and Main Content Applicability to the project National Environment (Noise Regulates maximum allowable Noise levels should be strictly Control) Regulations of 1996. noise levels for construction monitored for conformity, especially Gazette Notification, No. 924/12 activities during subproject during demolition work and dated 23rd May 1996. activities backfilling. National Environmental (Vehicle Horns) Regulations, No. 1 of 2011 National Environment (Ambient Air Establishes permissible Ambient air quality should be Quality) Regulation, 1994 and ambient air quality standards established before construction and Amendment of Gazette Notification during proposed project be monitored during construction, No. 1562/22 dated 15th August activities especially activities involving 2008. demolition work.

4. Other relevant legislation for pollution control and protection 22. The present Constitution of Sri Lanka came into operation in 1978 and also provided the basic principles of environmental protection and preservation through Chapter 4, Section 27, and Item 14; "The State shall protect, preserve and improve the environment for the benefit of the community." Based on the above principles, the Government of Sri Lanka has laid down various Acts including the National Environmental Act, No. 47 of 1980, to ensure environmental perseverance and protection. The relevant Environmental legislation applicable to the industry are listed in Table 2.2: Table 2.2: Legislation, Regulations and Standards relevant for project activities

Laws and Regulations Provisions and Main Applicability to the project Content Fauna and Flora Protection Provide for the protection and There are no sensitive habitats located, Ordinance, 1937 (Chapter conservation of the fauna and including wetlands and low-lying areas, in the 469); Fauna and Flora flora and their habitats; for the project vicinity. Therefore, this is not Protection (Amendment) conservation of the applicable to the project. Act, No. 49 of 1993 and biodiversity and to provide for Fauna and Flora Protection matters connected in addition (Amendment) Act, No. 22 to that or incidental to it. of 2009) Felling of Trees Control This Act prohibits and controls No commercially and/or ecologically valuable Act, No. 09 of 1951 as the felling of specified trees. tree species will be cut. amended by Act, No. 30 of No tree cutting permits are needed. 1953 & Act, No. 1 of 2000 Geological Survey and Regulates the exploration for Relatively small quantities of material will be Mines Bureau (GSMB) Act, minerals, mining, used. No. 33 of 1992 transportation, processing, No permits from the GSMB and/or CEA (EPL) Removal of Sand trading in the export of mineral and Local Authorities are needed. Regulations, No. 1 of 2007 products and usage of quarries and sand mines in the country. Pradeshiya Sabha Act, No. These outline the procedures No construction of new buildings is 15 of 1987 in approval of building plans, envisaged. Therefore, approval of the approval of drainage building plans and subsequent Certificate management plans, etc., and of Conformity (COC) is not needed regulations for disposal of municipal solid waste. Approvals for drainage management plans, disposal of municipal solid waste Involvement of MOH/PHI in are not needed as both these aspects will matters related to public be included in either the respective health. Seaport, MRI and the NIID's overall plans. Approvals of the MOH/PHI in matters related to public health are needed. The Antiquities In terms of the Provisions of Approval of the Department of (Amendment) Act No 24 of the Antiquities (Amendment) Archaeology is needed if any of the 1998, and regulations Act, No. 24 of 1988, ancient buildings (or parts of it) are more than 100 published in Gazette erections with a historical and years old. Extraordinary No 1152/14 archaeological value which are of 4 October 2000 over 100 years of age are declared as ancient monuments Pradeshiya Sabha Act, No. Regulates dumping municipal MSW that arise during the project activities 15 of 1987 solid waste at any place other has to be appropriately collected, stored, and National Environmental than places designated for disposed of. (Municipal Solid Waste) such purpose by the relevant During operations, the generation of MSW is Regulations, local authority during proposed not expected. No. 1 of 2009 project activities Labour Laws and Sri Lankan legislation Compliance required during pre- Occupational Health and comprises some laws, acts, construction, construction, and Safety and regulations designed to decommissioning stages. prevent the exploitation of The following sources provide further workers and to protect their information: Department of Labour;

Laws and Regulations Provisions and Main Applicability to the project Content Legislation in Sri Lanka health and safety in the National Institute of Occupational Safety relating to Industrial, workplace. The project and Health4; and for an international Employment and Labour proponent and all the perspective, and IFC's Environmental, relations included in the subordinates will be required Health, and Safety Guidelines Labour Code of Sri Lanka to comply with all such laws for Health Care Facilities5. and provisions that may be applicable. Standards and Best This Technical Guidance will Follow recommendations and Guidelines Practices to operate health help: (i) to establish of: care facilities laboratories and standard • Laboratory testing for coronavirus testing methods to be adopted disease 2019 (COVID-19) in suspected and, in medical laboratory testing, human cases. Interim guidance 2 and (ii) determine the risk of March 20206 WHO Technical Guidance potential infection of all HCWs • Water, sanitation, hygiene, and waste on Coronavirus disease who have been exposed to a management for the COVID-19 virus - (COVID-19): Infection contaminants/pathogens, Interim guidance 19 March 20207 prevention and control/ patient/samples and then • Other Technical Guidance published by WASH provides recommendations for the WHO: Coronavirus disease appropriate management of (COVID-19) technical guidance: these HCWs, according to Infection prevention and control / their infection risk. WASH8 5. Project-relevant International Agreements and Conventions 23. Sri Lanka has acceded to or ratified around 40 Multilateral Environmental Agreements, and those that are relevant to this project are shown in Table 2.3. Table 2.3: Project-related international agreements to which Sri Lanka is a party Ratification Agreement Objectives Date Health Regulations

The International Health first adopted A legally binding instrument of international law that aims for Regulations (IHR) of WHO in 1969 and international collaboration "to prevent, protect against, control, last revised in and provide a public health response to the international 2005 spread of disease in ways that are commensurate with and restricted to public health risks and that avoid unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade."

Biosafety, Health and Sanitation

Agreement on the Application of 1995 Broadly, the sanitary and phytosanitary measures covered by Sanitary and Phytosanitary the agreement are those aimed at the protection of human, Measures (1995) animal or plant life or health from certain risks. Biological Weapons Convention 26 March The Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, (1972) 1975 Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety 11 Sept 2003 The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on (2000) Biological Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the Convention on Biological Diversity

4 http://www.niosh.gov.lk/ 5 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/960ef524-1fa5-4696-8db3-82c60edf5367/Final%2B- %2BHealth%2BCare%2BFacilities.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=jqeCW2Q&id=1323161961169 6 https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331329/WHO-COVID-19-laboratory-2020.4- eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 7 https://www.who.int/publications-detail/water-sanitation-hygiene-and-waste-management-for-covid-19 8 https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/infection-prevention- and-control 6

Ratification Agreement Objectives Date

Chemicals

Basel Convention on the Control 28 August To reduce transboundary movements of hazardous waste; to of Trans-boundary Movements of 1992 dispose of hazardous and other waste as close as possible to Hazardous Wastes and Their the source; to minimize the generation of hazardous waste; to Disposal (1989) prohibit shipments of hazardous waste to countries lacking the legal, administrative and technical capacity to manage & dispose of them in an environmentally sound manner; Rotterdam Convention (1998) 19 January To promote shared responsibility and cooperative efforts in the 2006 international trade of certain hazardous chemicals, to protect human health and the environment; to contribute to the environmentally sound use of those hazardous chemicals by facilitating information exchange, providing for a national decision-making process on their import/export

B. Safeguard Requirements of ADB

24. The safeguard policy statement (SPS) 2009 of ADB is the policy document that relates to compliance with safeguards in projects financed by ADB. The SPS includes operational policies that seek to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse environmental and social impacts, including protecting the rights of those likely to be affected or marginalized by the development process. It sets out the policy objectives, scope and triggers, and principles for three key safeguard areas: (i) environmental, (ii) involuntary resettlement, and (iii) indigenous peoples. All three safeguard policies involve a structured process of impact assessment, planning, and mitigation to address the adverse effects of projects throughout the project cycle. 25. The safeguard policies require that impacts be identified and assessed early in the project cycle, plans to avoid, minimize, mitigate, or compensate for the potential adverse impacts are developed and implemented and affected people are informed and consulted during project preparation and implementation. A fundamental principle of the three existing safeguard policies is that implementation of the provisions of the policies is the responsibility of the borrower/client. Borrowers/clients are required to undertake social and environmental assessments, carry out consultations with affected people and communities, prepare and implement safeguard plans, monitor the implementation of these plans, and prepare and submit monitoring reports. 26. All projects funded by the ADB are screened and categorized in the early stages of project preparation. Screening and categorization are undertaken to (i) reflect the significance of potential impacts or risks that a project might present; (ii) identify the level of assessment and institutional resources required for the safeguard measures, and (iii) determine disclosure requirements. 27. The overall HSEP is categorized as an Environmental category B project. However, the proposed activities related to the refurbishment of quarantine units at points of entry and refurbishments proposed for Ward 4 of the NIID are small-scale construction activities and shall not create significant adverse impacts triggering a change in scope. Based on the outcome of the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) carried out for the sub-projects using the Environmental Checklist (See Annex 1 for the Environmental Checklist), the proposed project can be categorized as environmental category C (i.e., projects likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts. No environmental assessment is required, although environmental implications are reviewed by way of requiring an Environmental Due Diligence Report (DDR) with an environmental management plan (EMP) and environmental monitoring plan (EMoP).

28. As the sub-projects listed in this DDR have not being included in the EARF9 prepared for the HSEP, the compliance with ADB loan covenants are lists in Table 2.4. Table 2.4: Compliance with ADB loan covenants

Schedule and Covenant Status of Action paragraph of Compliance Required Loan Agreement Schedule 4 – The Borrower through the It has been No further action Safeguards Project Executing Agency verified that none is needed. Environment shall ensure that no Works of the sub- Regular (Paragraph 3) contract for a particular projects needs the monitoring of the Subproject will be awarded approval of the proper until: Central implementation (a) if required under the laws Environmental of the provisions and regulations of the Authority, as the of the EMP is Borrower, the Central activities needed, Environmental Authority of the proposed under together with Borrower has granted the final the project do not regular approval of the IEE for that fall into the environmental Subproject; and categories of monitoring. Prescribed (b) the Borrower through the Projects, as Project Executing Agency has defined by the incorporated the relevant NEA. provisions from the relevant EMP onto the Works contract. The Executing Agency has incorporated the provisions of the EMP into the work contract of each sub-project. Schedule 4 – The Borrower through the All the laws and Regular Safeguards: Project Executing Agency regulation will be monitoring of Environment shall ensure, that the complied with; compliance with (Paragraph 4) preparation, design, environmental environmental construction, implementation, safeguards as safeguard operation, and outlined in the issues in all decommissioning of the EARF and the subprojects is project, and all project EMP will be needed. facilities comply with: complied with. (a) all applicable laws and Any corrective regulations of the Borrower and/or corrective relating to the environment, actions will be health, and safety. complied with. (b) the environmental All other safeguards. conditions will be complied with. (c) the EARF, and

9 Environmental Assessment and Review Framework (EARF) for Sri Lanka: Health System Enhancement Project (HSEP) (July 2018) 8

(d) all measures and requirements outlined in the IEE, the relevant EMP and any corrective or preventative actions set forth in a Safeguards Monitoring Report.

Schedule 4: The Borrower through the No indigenous No action is Safeguards: Project Executing Agency peoples or needed for any Involuntary shall ensure that the Project involuntary sub-project. Resettlement does not have any indigenous settlement and Indigenous peoples or involuntary impacts in all the Peoples settlement impacts all within sub-projects. the meaning of ADB's (Paragraph 5) Safeguard Policy Statement (2009). In the event that the Project complies with the applicable laws and regulations of the Borrower and with ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement. Schedule 4: The Borrower shall make The HSEP has Proper Safeguards: available or cause the Project appointed an procedures are Human and Executing Agency to make Environmental in place. Financial available necessary budgetary Specialist Reporting Resources to and human resources to attached to the procedures are Implement implement the respective EMP PMU to look after being regularly Safeguard fully. effective updated for Requirements implementation of effective the EMP. The communication. (Paragraph 6) engineers of the DSC will regularly monitor the implementation of EMP. Schedule 4: The Borrower through the The Bidding Regular Safeguards: Project Executing Agency Documents have monitoring of the Safeguards - shall ensure that all the relevant clauses. effectiveness of Related bidding documents and The Contractors implementing contracts for Works contain have the binding the EMP is Provisions in obligation to needed. Bidding comply with the Environmental

Documents and provisions that require conditions and Monitoring Works Contracts contractors to: measures set procedures are (Paragraph 7) a) comply with the measures forth in the EMP being inspected and requirements relevant to and required regularly. the contractor set forth in any budgets have IEE and EMP, (to the extent been made they concern impacts on available. affected people during construction), and any All other corrective or preventive conditions will be actions set forth in the complied with. Safeguard Monitoring Report.

b) make available a budget for

all environmental and social measures; and c) provide the Borrower with written notice of any unanticipated environmental, resettlement or indigenous peoples risks or impacts that arise during construction, implementation or operation of the project that were not considered in the respective IEE or EMP. Schedule 4: The Borrower through the The progress of Strict adherence Safeguards Project Executing Agency the sub-projects to the provisions Safeguard shall do the following: will be included in given in Monitoring and a) Submit Semi-annual the Paragraph 8 will Reporting Safeguards Monitoring Semi-annual be given the highest (Paragraph 8) Reports to ADB and disclose Safeguard relevant information from such Monitoring consideration. reports to affected persons Reports that will promptly upon submission. be submitted to b) If any unanticipated the ADB and such environmental and /or social reports will be risks arise during construction, made available to implementation or operation of all the the Project that was not stakeholders. considered in the respective IEE or EMP, promptly inform Any unanticipated ADB of the occurrence of such environmental risks or impacts, with a and /or social detailed description of the risks arise, and event and proposed corrective any actual or action plan; and potential breach c) report any actual or of compliance potential breach of compliance with the measures with the measures and and requirements requirements set forth in the set forth in the respective EMP promptly after respective EMP

becoming aware of the will be promptly breach. reported.

Schedule 4: The Borrower through the No funds have No further action Safeguards Project Executing Agency been made is needed. Prohibited List of shall ensure that no proceeds available to Investments of Laon or Grant are used to finance prohibited finance any activity included in investment (Paragraph 9) the list of prohibited activities as investment activities provided outlined in in Appendix 5 of SPS. Appendix 5 of the SPS. Schedule 4: The Borrower through the Applicable labour Regular Safeguards Project Executing Agency laws and monitoring is Labor Standards, shall ensure that the core regulations and needed to Health and labour standards and applicable ensure proper Safety Borrower's applicable laws are workplace implementation complied with during Project occupational of the conditions (Paragraph 10) implementation. The Borrower safety norms will set forth in shall include specific be incorporated Paragraph 10. provisions in the bidding and complied documents and contracts with. financed by ADB under the No child labour Project requiring that the and forced labour contractors, among other will be used. things: Other conditions (a) comply with the Borrower's will be complied applicable labour laws and with. regulations and incorporate applicable workplace occupational safety norms. (b) do not use child labour. (c) do not discriminate workers in respect of employment and occupation. (d) do not use forced labour. (e) allow freedom of association and effectively recognize the right to collective bargaining; and (f) disseminate of engaging appropriate service providers to disseminate, information on the risks of sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to the employees of contractors engaged under the Project and to members of the local communities surrounding the Project area, particularly women,

III. DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT LOCATIONS & PROPOSED INTERVENTIONS

A. Refurbishment of Ward 4 of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases

1. Location of the sub-project

29. The NIID is located within Kolonnawa Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Colombo District of the Western Province. Within the Kolonnawa DS Division, the hospital is located within 505A Malpura Grama Niladhari (GN) Division.10 The project area falls within the Kotikawatta-Mulleriyawa Pradeshiya Sabha11. 30. The NIID is situated in the heart of Colombo East suburbs with its surrounding residential neighbourhoods of Kolonnawa, Kaduwela, Kelaniya and Kotikawatta. The land area is about 37 acres. The sub-project location and the project footprint is presented in Figures 3.1 and 3.2.

Proposed site

Figure 3.1. Location map of the sub-project within NIID premises The coordinates of the location are 6°55'25.5"N 79°55'06.0"E

10 Grama Nildhari Division is the smallest administrative division of the country. 11 Pradeshiya Sabhas in Sri Lanka, which are the legislative bodies that preside over the third-tier municipalities in the country 12

Proposed ward for refurbishment

Figure 3.2. Location map of the sub-project site within NIID premises

2. Details of the existing environment

31. Topography. The general topography in the area is undulating with some areas rising to above 90–110 feet above MSL, and there are extensive areas where the elevations are below +10 feet MSL. There are large marshy areas connected with Kolonnawa Marsh, Madinnagoda Marsh, and Mulleriyawa low lying areas. These wetlands, marshes and low- lying areas naturally serve as flood retention areas have been utilized as retarding basins for major floods or severe floods. The location of the NIID and the project area is at highland (about 100–110 feet above MSL) relative to nearby food plains which are at low elevations and are prone to frequent floods. The ares where ward 4 is located within the NIID premises has mild slopes towards the north-eastern side. 32. Geology. The project area lies within the Southwestern Group and the Wanni complex in the lowest peneplain of Sri Lanka, which rises to a maximum elevation of less than 500 ft from the seacoast. Geologically, the study area consists of hornblende genesis and Alluvial, underlain by the Highland Series of Metamorphic Basement (National Atlas, 2007). Field surveys and direct observations carried using recently formed earthen embankments, and excavations have indicated that the local geology in the proposed project areas is characterized by sandy lateritic soils and patches of peaty clay with the bedrock lying at a depth > 20 m. Surface alluvium with sporadic laterite patches, especially on high ground have also been recorded. It is presumed that these site-specific features are the most important ones as the environmental impact is considered. 33. Climate. Compared to the other months of the year, months of January and February are relatively dry in the project area. Rainfall to the project area is mainly influenced by the south-west monsoon winds (mid-May to September) and second inter-monsoon rains governed by the clouds formed during the shift of the Intertropical convergence zone. The 75% expectancy-value of annual rainfall is greater than 1,700 mm.

34. The mean monthly temperatures of the country differ on the seasonal movement of the sun with some influence caused by rainfall. Colombo features a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification, falling just short of a tropical rainforest climate. The climate of Colombo district is fairly temperate throughout the year. From March to April the temperature averages around 31 C maximum. The only major change in the Colombo weather occurs during the monsoon seasons from May to August and October to January. Heavy rains are expected during this time of the year. Located within WL3 agro-ecological region Colombo experience little relative diurnal range of temperature, although this is more marked in the drier winter months, where minimum temperatures average 220C. Rainfall in the city averages around 2,400 mm a year. 35. Hydrology. There are no surface water bodies present within the NIID premises. However, there are extensive low-lying areas located nearby. The surface runoff flows towards the north-eastern direction into the low-lying areas. Within the NIID premises, the maximum water table is about 12–15 m below ground level. The hospital premises had not experienced flooding in the past. The most recent heavy floods that occurred in May 2018 did not reach the hospital premises. 36. Air Quality. Based on monitoring conducted by CEA, the ambient air quality in the project area is within the prescribed ambient limits. The Air Quality Index (AQI) for PM2.5 is continuously measured in the Colombo area by the US Embassy in Sri Lanka, which has consistently recorded AQI values of 0–50 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 0.0–15.4 µm3) or AQI values of 51–100 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 15.5–40.4 µm3), which indicates either good or moderate level of health concern. Similar values can be expected in the project area, as the vehicular movement, extent, and nature of paved areas and air-borne dust levels are more or less similar to Colombo. However, the air quality within the hospital premises is observed to be not significantly polluted by the burning of fossil fuels. There are no laundries, or any other emissions seen nearby. However, open burning of waste is practiced by the hospital at a location which is about 200 m away from the proposed site. The hospital, though collect waste separately, some of the waste is being open burnt, which is not a good practice. 37. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with suburban and light industrial areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from adjoining roads. Industrial activities and commercial activities of much of the project area are not very significant to have high levels of noise. 38. Water Supply. Water extraction from a couple of shallow wells had been the practice a few decades ago, to fulfil the water supply needs. However, the NIID now relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand of 2–3 days. There is no water extraction within the hospital premises at present. However, the wells can be used at any time as a contingency measure, if needed, before being supplied to the hospital community. 39. Wastewater. There is a sewerage system and a central wastewater treatment facility, which has been built about 40–50 years back, however, rehabilitated recently in 2019. According to the hospital authorities and records available, the treatment plant is functioning properly, and the treated effluent has complied with discharge standards. 40. As the maximum water table is about 12–15 m below the ground surface, it can be assumed that there is no groundwater pollution occur due to waste discharges. Wash water from janitorial services are dumped over the ground; however, the quantities of water are not large. 41. Ecological Environment. The proposed subproject site is located within a low country (i.e., elevation below 400 m above mean sea level) wet zone of the country. According to agro- ecological classification, all locations of these subcomponents falls within WL3 agro-ecological

14 zone. The 75% expectancy of annual rainfall is > 1,700 mm, soil, and the terrain is rolling and undulating terrain with red, yellow podzolic soils with soft and hard laterite and regosol soils. 42. The NIID premises, which has an area of 37 acres, has been used as a medical institution for over eight decades, and development had been taken place from time to time. There is an extensive road network, and a large playground within the premises, and a large number of staff quarters, dormitories apart from the hospital facilities. 43. The vegetation that is found within the hospital premises is common home garden species, and exotic plants and flowering plants grown for aesthetic and beautification purposes. Home garden species are common in the areas where staff quarters are located, and there are numerous common fruit-bearing. Home gardens found in the staff quarters areas, which are a bit congested and confined to small land plots. These home gardens are comprised of exotic foliage, fruits, medicine, spices, and timber. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: NIID (Refer Annex 2(i) on Page 74 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Demolition of 225 mm thick brickwork of size 1200 mm x 1400 mm for windows and removal of debris from the site • Remove the existing partition, both wooden and aluminium • Demolition for AC provisions • Removal of wall tiles in washrooms • Demolition for plumbing lines in concrete walls and floor slabs (ii) Concrete work • Screed concrete laying for the toilet area • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills • Concrete infills in washroom areas • Tie beams and stiffeners of the Blockwork partitions at the entrance and isolation room (iii) Brickwork • 200 mm thick vertical hollow blockwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar. The lowermost four layers to be solid blockwork (both on the ground floor and first floor) (iv) Waterproofing in toilets • Waterproofing in toilets/ bathrooms floor and walls up to 1.8 m height (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation of powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing, door closers, stoppers, and locking • Supply & installation of powder-coated aluminium framed double sash door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing, door closers, stoppers, and locking • Supply & installation of powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking, door closers, stoppers for toilet doors • Supply and installation of powder-coated Al frames and Al composite panel partition. - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung window with top hanged with clear float glass

• Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung window with clear float glass, Al ventilator grills top panel • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung window with clear float glass, fixed Al Panel partition • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung window with clear float glass, one fixed glass top panel and Al composite top panel fixed with exhaust fan fixing Al frame • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung Fanlight with half comprising clear float glass top hung sash and a louvred panel (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors on the ground floor and first floor (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of porcelain floor tiles on the Ground floor and First floor • Installation of Non-Slippery floor tiles for bathroom areas on the Ground Floor and First floor • Staircase tiles with nosing and skirtings - Wall tiles • Installation of wall tiles in bathrooms in Ground floor and First floor - Floor rendering for the ground floor and first floor 20 mm thick, cement rendering to floor in Cement sand (1:3) screed, finished smooth with natural coloured cement 20 mm thick, Cement rendering in cement & sand (1:3) screed, level and to slopes < 15o from horizontal, finished smooth with cement rendering to entrance and pavement area. 100 mm high skirting in Cement sand (1:3) screed, finished smooth to match above (viii) Plastering & Rendering • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the ground floor and First floor level, and Soffits • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework on the ground floor and First floor level, and staircase areas (ix) Wall Tiling • Supply and Installation of wall tiles on the ground floor and first floor level, and 150 mm high skirting (x) Ceiling Finishes • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework on the ground floor and first floor level, ceilings and soffits, and staircase area (xi) Painting • Wall Painting in inner walls of the ground floor and first floor, and staircase area • Painting of ceilings and soffits of the ground floor and first floor, and staircase and lobby area • Painting of the external walls (xii) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Repair to Sunshades and frames in the external face • Masonry Repairs to windowsills and frames • Repairs to entrance canopy and facelift

• Installation of pantry unit with overhang and lower drawers made with teak timber, granite top and with accessories. Including exhaust overhang hob with exhaust fan unit and double bowl double drainer washbasin with necessary plumbing and pipe fittings. • Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Signage, directions, and notice boards • Replacing Asbestos sheet in covered corridors with cement fibre sheets and repair to timber frame replacing half of the members • Supply and installation of a water tank • Curtain and Blinds • 50 mm thick Concrete cut and satin finish floor to corridors (xiii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of four 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning units • Supply, installation of 36 Exhaust Fans (high powered) for Room cleaning with HEPA filters. Brackets, electrical connections • Supply, installation 36 Exhaust Fans (in toilets) (xiv) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System - Hot water pipes (xv) Drainage System including pipelines, grease trap, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xvi) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

B. Refurbishment of Port Health Office at the Medical Research Institute

1. Location of the sub-project

44. The MRI is located within Thimbirigasyaya Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Colombo District of the Western Province. The MRI is located within Borella North Grama Niladhari (GN) Division. The project area falls within the Colombo Municipal Council area. The Medical Research Institute (MRI) of Sri Lanka is the premier centre in the country for biomedical and applied health research. MRI conducts research in diversified areas in the fields of Virology, Bacteriology, Parasitology, Rabies, Nutrition, Biochemistry, Histo-Pathology, Haematology, Immunology, Entomology, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, Mycology, Health Informatics and Animal Studies. 45. The MRI is situated in the heart of Colombo North in Borella with its surrounding of Lady Ridgeway Children's Hospital, Government Press, Postgraduate Institute of Management, and commercial establishments. The sub-project location and the project footprint is presented in Figures 3.3.

Port Health Office at MRI

Figure 3.3. Location map of the sub- project site within MRI premises. The coordinates of the location are 6°55'03.8"N 79°52'42.2"E.

2. Details of the existing environment

46. Topography. The surface terrain elevations in central parts of Colombo, including Borella area, vary from 1.00 m AMSL close to the Beira shoreline rising up to 27.50 m in Maligakanda/Kuppiyawatta, 17.00–20.00 m AMSL in Borella area and rising down towards Cotta Road, and Heen Ela/Nawala marsh to less than 5.00 m AMSL and rising to about 23.00 m AMSL towards Mount Mary/Dematagoda area. There are no any existing low lying or marshy areas located either within or in the vicinity (~100 m periphery) of the project area (MRI); however, the low-lying areas and associated wetlands with a complex network of interconnected canals and marshes crisscross the region forming the upstream parts of the Greater Colombo Basin (located far outside the project area) play a prominent role in ensuring a flood-free environment for the highly populated urban expanses in the downstream. The entire system consist of the Parliament Lake, Kolonnawa Ela, Kotte Ela, Mahawatte Ela, Heen Ela, Torrington Canal, Kirillapone Canal, Wellawatta Canal, Dehiwala Canal, Bolgoda Canal, Dematagoda Canal, St. Sebastian Canal, Main Drain and Mutwal Tunnel, with the three main retention areas attached to the system, namely Heen Ela (88 ha). Kotte Lake (97 ha) and Kolonnawa Marsh (214 ha) totalling up to approximately 400 ha of low lying marshlands. 47. Geology. The project area lies within the Southwestern Group and the Wanni complex in the lowest peneplain of Sri Lanka, which rises to a maximum elevation of less than 500 ft from the seacoast. Geologically, the study area consists of hornblende genesis and Alluvial, underlain by the Highland Series of Metamorphic Basement (National Atlas, 2007). Field surveys and direct observations carried using recently constructed buildings and excavations have indicated that the local geology in the proposed project areas is characterized by salty sand, clayey sand, sandy silt and high plastic clay soils and patches of organic silt and peaty clay with the bedrock lying at a depth approx. 20–25 m. 48. Climate. Compared to the other months of the year, months of January and February are relatively dry in the project area. Rainfall to the project area is mainly influenced by the south-west monsoon winds (mid-May to September) and second inter-monsoon rains governed by the clouds formed during the shift of the Intertropical convergence zone. The 75% expectancy-value of annual rainfall is greater than 1,700 mm. 49. The mean monthly temperatures of the country differ on the seasonal movement of the sun with some influence caused by rainfall. Colombo features a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification, falling just short of a tropical rainforest climate. The climate of Colombo district is fairly temperate throughout the year. From March to April the temperature averages around 31 C maximum. The only major change in the Colombo weather occurs during the monsoon seasons from May to August and October to January. Heavy rains are expected during this time of the year. Located within WL3 agro-ecological region Colombo experience little relative diurnal range of temperature, although this is more marked in the drier winter months, where minimum temperatures average 22 C. Rainfall in the city averages around 2,400 mm a year. 50. Hydrology. There are no surface water bodies present within the MRI premises. However, there are extensive low-lying areas located nearby. The surface runoff flows towards the north-eastern direction into the low-lying areas. There are no primary or secondary canals draining the area and only tertiary canals, consisting mainly of roadside drains, are identified. The long drainage pathways before releasing accumulated runoff and floodwaters into the low-lying areas. The flat terrain and relatively low density of drainage facilities (without any primary/secondary canals) are found to be a cause that causes flood issues in certain areas of this part of Colombo. 51. Air Quality. Based on monitoring conducted by CEA, ambient air quality in the project area is within prescribed ambient limits. The Air Quality Index (AQI) for PM2.5 is continuously measured in the Colombo area by the US Embassy in Sri Lanka, which has consistently recorded AQI values of 0–50 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 0.0–15.4 µm3) or AQI

19 values of 51–100 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 15.5–40.4 µm3), which indicates either good or moderate level of health concern. Similar values can be expected in the project area, as the vehicular movement, extent, and nature of paved areas and air-borne dust levels are more or less similar to Colombo. However, the air quality within the hospital premises is observed to be not significantly polluted by the burning of fossil fuels. There are no incinerators, or any other air-borne emissions seen nearby. 52. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with urban and light industrial areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from adjoining roads. Industrial activities and commercial activities of much of the project area are not very significant to have high levels of noise. 53. Water Supply. The MRI relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand of 2–3 days. There is no water extraction within the MRI premises at present. 54. Wastewater. The wastewater is connected to the public sewer laid along the Baseline Road. No pre-treatment is done at MRI, and all the wastewater is directly discharged into the public sewerage system. 55. Ecological Environment. The proposed subproject site is located within a low country (i.e., elevation below 400 m above mean sea level) wet zone of the country. According to agro- ecological classification, all locations of these subcomponents falls within WL3 agro-ecological zone. The 75% expectancy of annual rainfall is > 1,700 mm, soil, and the terrain is rolling and undulating terrain with red yellow podzolic soils with soft and hard laterite and regosol soils. 56. The MRI premises (first established as the Bacteriological Institute in 1900 and later renames as the MRI in 1946) which has an area of about four acres, has been used as a medical institution for almost 120 years, and development had been taken place from time to time. There are multi-storied buildings within the premises, with landscaping with exotic foliage with a few large trees towards the boundaries. The vegetation that is found within the hospital premises is common home garden species, and exotic plants and flowering plants grown for aesthetic and beautification purposes. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: MRI (Refer Annex 2(ii) on Page 78 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Demolition of Existing dry partitions and its supporting frames and disposing the debris and dumping with proper disposal considerations • Demolition of 350 mm thick brickwork of size 1000 mm x 1000 mm for windows and removal of debris from the site. • Demolition of 350 mm thick brickwork of the size 1000 mm x 2100 mm for doors and removal of debris from the site. • Demolition for AC provisions • Removal of tile floors and walls in washrooms • Removal of hollow plaster surfaces due to age and dampness • Demolition for plumbing lines in concrete walls and floor slabs • Demolition of existing sub graded ceiling and removal of debris (ii) Concrete work • Screed concrete laying for the toilet area • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills • Concrete infills in washroom areas • Tie beams and stiffeners of the Blockwork partitions at the entrance and isolation room

(iii) Blockwork • 200 mm thick vertical hollow blockwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar. The lowermost four layers to be solid blockwork: Ground floor (iv) Waterproofing in toilets • Waterproofing in toilets/ bathrooms floor and walls up to 1.8 m height (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed fixed cleat float glass & all necessary accessories, for the viewing glass panne, with an openable 1000 x 200 mm sliding arrangements with fully sealed features • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in toilet doors • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames and Al composite panel partition at Director's room, toilets, and isolation unit - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung window • Frosted tempered glass with Powder-coated aluminium frame (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors on the ground floor (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of porcelain floor tiles on the Ground floor • Installation of Non-Slippery floor tiles for bathroom areas on the Ground Floor (viii) Plastering & Rendering: Wall Finishes • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the ground floor and First-floor level, and Soffits (ix) Wall Tiling • Supply and Installation of wall tiles in the bathroom (x) Ceiling Finishes • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework on the ground floor level (xi) Painting • Wall Painting in inner walls of the ground floor • Painting of ceilings and soffits of the ground floor and lobby area • Painting of the external walls (xii) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Repair to Sunshades and frames in the external face • Masonry Repairs to windowsills and frames • Repairs to entrance canopy and facelift • Installation of pantry unit with overhang and lower drawers made with teak timber, granite top and with accessories. Including exhaust overhang hob with exhaust fan unit and double bowl double drainer washbasin with necessary plumbing and pipe fittings

• Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Temporary hoarding • Signage, directions, and notice boards • Installation of Al framed glazed inspection chamber 1500 x 1500 mm size at the entrance with fully sealed entry door and counter window with a sliding panel • Supply and installation of a water tank • Fabric blinds, translucent glass covers and curtains (xiii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of eight 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning units (xiv) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System - Hot water pipes (xv) Drainage System including pipelines, grease trap, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xvi) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

C. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit at Colombo Port Health Office

1. Location of the sub-project 57. The Colombo port is located within Colombo Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Colombo District of the Western Province. The port is located within Fort Grama Niladhari (GN) Division. The project area falls within the Colombo Municipal Council area. The port is situated in the heart of Colombo Fort bordering the Colombo International Port City, Colombo International Container Terminals, and Colombo Port South Habour. The health unit of the port had been established in 1865 at the time when the Municipal Council was established, and later upgraded in 1921 when the port was developed as a sheltered harbour. The present building has been constructed in 1958 when the Port Corporation was found. 58. The sub-project location is presented in Figures 3.4.

Figure 3.4. Location map of the sub-project within Colombo Port premises. The coordinates of the location are 6°55'03.8"N 79°52'42.2"E

2. Details of the existing environment 59. Port of Colombo. The Port of Colombo, on the southwestern shores on the Kelani River, serves as an important terminal in Asia due to its strategic location in the Indian Ocean. The port handles containerized cargoes, liquid bulk (crude oil and refined products), dry bulk (mostly grain and cement), general cargoes (mainly steel products, timber, and RoRo) and cruise passengers. It is located near the main East-West shipping routes and has become a major port for gateway cargo and transshipment of containers. The port covers three large containers terminals. Transshipment of containers accounts for approximately 75% of Colombo's total container traffic; the remaining 25% comprises local containerized cargo, driven mainly by exports of garments, tea, and rubber, and imports of consumer products, industrial and agricultural equipment. The port handled 81.8 million tons in 2016, including 5.7 million TEU of containers. In 2016 the port had about 4,405 ships arrivals and was ranked as 23rd largest container port in the world. The port handles the largest container vessels in the world having dimensions of 400 m in length and a capacity of 21,500 TEU due to quays with ample water depths of CD -18 m and state of the art terminals.

Figure 3.5: Facilities at Port of Colombo 60. During the 1980s, the port underwent rapid modernization with the installation of Cranes, Gantries, and other modern-day terminal requirements. Currently with a capacity of 7 million TEUs and a dredged depth of over 15 m (49 ft). The port is also the naval base for Sri Lanka Navy Western Fleet under the Commander Western Naval Area (COMWEST). The Port of Colombo is the centre for many commercial interests. 61. The port was developed along the natural bay at the city, and the old basin covers about 201.5 ha. In 2008, the port commenced a large-scale expansion project at the cost of US$1.2 billion, which is expected to dramatically increase the port's capacity and capabilities. The project was completed by 11 April 2012. The expansion project consisted of four new terminals that are 1,200 m in length and can accommodate three berths each, alongside depth of 18 m (59 ft) (which can be deepened to 23 m (75 ft)). The channel width of the harbour is

24 to be 560 m and depth of 20 m, with harbour basin depth of 18 m and a 600 m turning circle. It increases the annual container handling capacity from 4 million TEUs to approximately 12 million TEUs. It is also able to accommodate larger container vessels, carrying around 22,000 TEUs. 62. The 2.4 million TEU capacity Colombo South Container Terminal (CSCT), the first terminal under new expansion in the Port of Colombo commenced construction in December 2011 and was ceremonially opened for traffic on 8 August 2013, making Colombo Port complex one of the biggest in the World. The total length of the new Breakwater is 6,830 m. Berth Depth is 18 m. The new port basin consists of one state of the art terminal container terminal (58ha) and another container terminal that soon will be launched. The basin has space for a third container terminal and a liquid terminal. Additionally, to handling imports, exports and transshipment, the Port of Colombo offer non-cargo services including harbour master services, pilotage and tugging, bunkering, ship repair, warehousing, water supply, weighing and scanning services, firefighting, hospital services, financial services and ship chandlery. Also, the navy is situated within the port limits. To the north of the port, a maritime training institute is situated. 63. Climate. Compared to the other months of the year, months of January and February are fairly dry in the project area. Rainfall to the project area is mainly influenced by the south- west monsoon winds (mid-May to September) and second inter-monsoon rains governed by the clouds formed during the shift of the Intertropical convergence zone. The 75% expectancy- value of annual rainfall is greater than 1,700 mm. 64. The mean monthly temperatures of the country differ on the seasonal movement of the sun with some influence caused by rainfall. Colombo features a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification, falling just short of a tropical rainforest climate. The climate of Colombo district is fairly temperate throughout the year. From March to April the temperature averages around 31C maximum. The only major change in the Colombo weather occurs during the monsoon seasons from May to August and October to January. Heavy rains are expected during this time of the year. Located within WL3 agro-ecological region Colombo experience little relative diurnal range of temperature, although this is more marked in the drier winter months, where minimum temperatures average 220C. Rainfall in the city averages around 2,400 mm a year. 65. Tide and Wave Height. According to the tidal measurements taken at Port of Colombo, on actually reported tides, the minimum water level is +0.020 m of Low Water of Ordinary Spring Tide (LWOST), and the highest water level is +1.155 m of LWOST. Consequently, the lowest possible water level corresponds to 0.53 m below MSL and the highest possible water level to 0.77 m above MSL. 66. Swell wave height during the SW monsoon is somewhat higher within the Colombo Port than that occurring during off-SW monsoon. The average swell wave height is 0.92 m in the SW monsoon and 0.50 m in the off-SW monsoon. The wind-wave in the SW monsoon is much higher than that of off-SW monsoon. The average wind wave height during the SW monsoon is 1.48 m. On the other hand, nearly 51% of the sea wave heights are below 0.1 m during the off-SW monsoon. 67. Air Quality. Based on monitoring conducted by CEA, the ambient air quality in the project area is within the prescribed ambient limits. The Air Quality Index (AQI) for PM2.5 is continuously measured in the Colombo area by the US Embassy in Sri Lanka, which has consistently recorded AQI values of 0–50 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 0.0–15.4 µm3) or AQI values of 51–100 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 15.5–40.4 µm3), which indicates either good or moderate level of health concern. Similar values can be expected in the project area, as the vessel and vehicular movement, extent, and nature of paved areas and air-borne dust levels are more or less similar to areas within the city. However, the air quality within the health office premises is observed to be not significantly

25 polluted by the burning of fossil fuels. There are no boilers, generators or incinerators or any other airborne emissions seen nearby the project area. 68. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with industrial port areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from adjoining roads. Other than harbour operations related to passenger movements, industrial activities, and commercial activities related to shipping activities are not very significant to have high levels of noise in areas close to the project site. 69. Water Supply. The Colombo Port relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand up to 7 days. There are no water treatment plants within the port premises at present. 70. Wastewater. The wastewater is connected to the public sewer, which is connected to the Madampitiya pumping station. No pre-treatment is done at the port, and all the wastewater is directly discharged into the public sewerage system. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: Colombo Harbour (Refer Annex 2(iii) on Page 79 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Demolition of Existing dry partitions and its supporting frames and disposing the debris and dumping with proper disposal considerations • Demolition of 350 mm thick brickwork of size 1000 mm x 1000 mm for windows and removal of debris from the site • Demolition of 350 mm thick brickwork of the size 1000 mm x 2100 mm for doors and removal of debris from the site • Demolition for AC provisions • Removal of tile floors and walls in washrooms • Removal of hollow plaster surfaces due to age and dampness • Demolition for plumbing lines in concrete walls and floor slabs • Demolition of existing sub graded ceiling and removal of debris (ii) Concrete work • Screed concrete laying for the toilet area • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills • Concrete infills in washroom areas • Tie beams and stiffeners of the Blockwork partitions at the entrance and isolation room (iii) Blockwork • 200 mm thick vertical hollow blockwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar. The lowermost four layers to be solid blockwork: Ground floor and Office floor (1st floor) (iv) Waterproofing in toilets • Waterproofing in toilets/ bathrooms floor and walls up to 1.8 m height (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed fixed cleat float glass & all necessary accessories, for the viewing glass panel, with an openable 1000 x 200 mm sliding arrangement with fully sealed features. • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking.

• Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in toilet doors. • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames and Al composite panel partition at Director's room, toilets, and isolation unit. - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung windows (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors on the ground floor and first floor (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of porcelain floor tiles on the Ground floor and First floor • Installation of Non-Slippery floor tiles for bathroom areas on the Ground Floor and First floor • Staircase tiles with nosing and skirtings - Timber floor finish • Timber flooring in the First floor area (viii) Plastering & Rendering: Wall Finishes • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the ground floor and First-floor level, and Soffits (ix) Wall Tiling • Supply and Installation of wall tiles on the ground floor and first-floor level, and 150 mm high skirting (x) Ceiling Finishes • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework on the ground floor and first-floor level, and staircase area (xi) Painting • Wall Painting in inner walls of the ground floor and first floor, and staircase area • Painting of ceilings and soffits of the ground floor and first floor, and staircase and lobby area • Painting of the external walls (xii) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Repair to Sunshades and frames in the external face • Masonry Repairs to windowsills and frames • Repairs to entrance canopy and facelift • Installation of pantry unit with overhang and lower drawers made with teak timber, granite top and with accessories. Including exhaust overhang hob with exhaust fan unit and double bowl double drainer washbasin with necessary plumbing and pipe fittings. • Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Temporary hoarding • Signage, directions, and notice boards • Installation of Al framed glazed inspection chamber 1500 x 1500 mm size at the entrance with fully sealed entry door and counter window with a sliding panel • Supply and installation of a water tank • Fabric blinds, translucent glass covers and curtains

(xiii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of eight 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning units (xiv) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System - Hot water pipes (xv) Drainage System including pipelines, grease trap, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xvi) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

D. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Galle Port Health Office

1. Location of the sub-project 71. The Galle Port is located within Galle four Gravets Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Galle District of the Southern Province. Within the DS Division, the hospital is located within Magalla Grama Niladhari (GN) Division. The project area falls within the Galle Municipal Council area. 72. The Galle Port is situated about 1.5 km from Galle city centre near the A2 Highway. The sub-project location and the project footprint is presented in Figure 3.6.

Port Health Office

Figure 3.6. Location map of the sub-project within Galle Port The coordinates of the location are 6°01'59.1"N 80°14'01.1"E

2. Details of the existing environment

73. Port of Galle. Galle port is Sri Lanka’s oldest port, situated near the southern tip of the island. Galle has a strong position in services to mainline vessels on the East-West trade route, due to its convenient location near the maritime trade lane. However, the port has limited draft and is not able to handle large vessels. In 2016 Galle had a throughput of 0.77 million tons and handled about 96 vessels in 2016 of which 83 cargo vessels the remainder arriving for repairs, bunkering or other activities. The port handles import of rice, flour, fertilizers, cement, and clinkers. The cement related imports are typically transshipped by small bulk vessels, as the larger mother vessels are unable to enter the port of Galle. Additionally, Galle is the only Sri Lankan port that offers dedicated facilities for pleasure yachts since the completion of a marina complex in 2015. The port also receives cruise vessels during the cruise season, and it is a port in which often crew changes on mainline vessels are organized with fast passenger vessels. Finally, the port houses navy vessels (these vessels often occupy SLPA berths as the dedicated navy berths provide insufficient space). and the port is used for cement related imports.

Figure 3.7. Facilities at Port of Galle 74. Galle currently handles breakbulk and dry bulk cargo (mainly clinker for the cement power plant). The port also receives cruise vessels, albeit the quays and water depths at the existing port are limited. The ancient city has a large attraction to tourism, and future cruise demand can be expected. Further, the port provides crew and other services to shipping lines through fast service boats. Ships pass Galle on their East-West Voyage and crew, stores and or spares can be brought to the ships without having them to stop sailing and call at a port. The port of Galle also has a yacht marina. The cement manufacturer has expansion plans at its facility at the port. When this development has reached approval from the authorities, the annual bulk volumes will increase to 1.5 million ton, of which 95% would consist of clinker and 5% of gypsum. It should be noted that both commodities require additional attention with respect to dust and quay/water pollution during operations. Through suction systems, dust and pollution can be controlled effectively.

75. Galle port future is drafted around the touristic attraction of the heritage of the port. It is well suited for a cruise berth and additional touristic attraction including hotels. Galle’s beaches: cultural heritage and future resorts can be a prime location for cruise and yacht vessels. The ports Out Port Limit Services (OPL) consisting of crew changes services, supplying goods and spare parts shall remain acting in competition to possible new services from Hambantota. The marina for yachts is nicely combined with tourism attraction and is rightly positioned. 76. Currently, there are Out Port Limit services being performed at Galle which requires customs and immigration presence at the port. These businesses should be sustained as long as there is a sustainable and profitable business model to the port. The passenger vessels or cruise vessels is a growing market for Galle port. Galle has a number of attractions including, the old fort and city heritage, world heritage rain forests Singharaja and Kanneliya, natural beaches (Unawatuna, Rumassala, corals and underwater attractions for divers. Galle is well connected to the national highway, and day trips are being planned frequently. 77. Climate. Galle has a tropical climate and has a significant amount of rainfall during the year. This is true even for the driest month (average rainfall of 348 mm). This climate is considered to be Af according to the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. The average annual temperature is 26.6 °C in Galle. The annual rainfall is 2426 mm. The average monthly rainfall pattern of the area is a bi model where rainfall peaks prevail during the North-East (October to March) and South-West monsoon (May to September) periods. Usually, the rainfall during the South-West Monsoon‐ is higher than that of the North-East. Compared to the other months of the year, months of January and February are fairly dry in the project area. Rainfall to the project area is mainly influenced by the south-west monsoon winds (mid-May to September) and second inter-monsoon rains governed by the clouds formed during the shift of the Intertropical convergence zone. The 75% expectancy-value of annual rainfall is greater than 2,400 mm. 78. The mean monthly temperatures of the country differ on the seasonal movement of the sun with some influence caused by rainfall. Galle features a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification, falling just short of a tropical rainforest climate. The climate of Galle district is fairly temperate throughout the year. From March to April, the temperature averages around 26.6 C. The only major change in the Galle weather occurs during the monsoon seasons from May to August and October to January. Heavy rains are expected during this time of the year. Located within WL2a agro-ecological region, Galle experiences little relative diurnal range of temperature, although this is more marked in the drier winter months, where temperatures average 27.5 C. 79. Tide and Wave Height. The wave statistics show that the swell waves are mostly approaching from the south having a narrow directional band of 185 – 230 north during all year average with significant wave height in the range of 1.0 – 1.2 m. 80. Air Quality. The baseline air quality levels in Galle has been measured by the NBRO on 30 31 January 2017 for an IEE study carried out for the CEA. Dry weather conditions with the fair scattered wind had prevailed during the monitoring period, on the day of the measurement.‐ Air samples were collected at the selected location for 08 hr basis to measure SO2, NO2 and CO and 24 hr basis for PM10 and PM2.5 at the 3 m height of the ground level. The collected samples were analyzed according to the CEA recommended methods. The ambient air quality in Galle has been compared with the Ambient Air Quality Standards stipulated under the Extraordinary Gazette, No. 1562/22 – august 15, 2008 by the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Sri Lanka. The air quality was as follows: 8-hour basis 3 3 3 for SO2 (14 µg/m ), NO2 (30 µg/m ) and CO (<1,000 µg/m ) and the 24-hour basis for PM10 3 3 (44 µg/m ) and PM2.5 (24 µg/m ), which were all less than the Stipulated Air Quality Standards 81. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with suburban and light industrial areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from vehicular movements within the port adjoining roads in Closenburg area. Industrial

31 activities and commercial activities of much of the project area are not very significant to have high levels of noise. 82. Water Supply. The Galle Port relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand up to 7 days. There is no water extraction within the port premises at present. 83. Wastewater. There is a sewerage system and a central wastewater treatment facility, which has been built about 40–50 years back. According to the port authorities and records available, the treatment plant is functioning properly, and the treated effluent has complied with discharge standards. 84. Ecological Environment. The proposed subproject site is located within a low country (i.e., elevation below 400 m above mean sea level) wet zone of the country. According to agro- ecological classification, all locations of these subcomponents falls within WL2a agro- ecological zone. The 75% expectancy of annual rainfall is > 2,400 mm, soil, and the terrain is rolling and undulating terrain with red yellow podzolic, low humic glay and Bog and Half bog soils. 85. The port premises, which has an area of 23 acres, has been used as a port over five centuries, and development had been taken place from time to time. There are an extensive road network and a large number of staff quarters, dormitories apart from port facilities. 86. The vegetation that is found within the port premises is common home garden species, and exotic plants and flowering plants grown for aesthetic and beautification purposes. Home garden species are common in the areas where offices and staff quarters are located, and there are numerous common fruit-bearing. Home gardens found in the staff quarters areas, which are a bit congested and confined to small land plots. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: Galle Harbour (Refer Annex 2(iv) on Page 81 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Removal existing cement rendered floor by mechanical breaking and removal of debris off the site • Removal of hollow plaster surfaces due to age and dampness • Demolition of existing sub graded ceiling and removal of debris (ii) Concrete work • Screed concrete laying in the floor area • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills (iii) Brickwork work • Brickwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar in walls and ground floor (iv) Waterproofing and thermal insulation • 1000-gauge polythene as DPM under the floor concrete (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking • Supply & installation of sized Powder-coated aluminium framed door and with double sash fixed with clear float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking

• Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in toilet doors • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames and Al composite panel partition at office partitions, toilets, and isolation unit - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed side hung window, size 1000 x 1200 mm high overall sized, 8mm thick glass panel, Rate shall include for ironmongery & all necessary accessories • Powder-coated aluminium framed fanlight, with top, hung window comprising openable panel fixed aluminium louvre, Rate shall include for ironmongery & all necessary accessories (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors in the main office (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of porcelain floor tiles on the main office floor (viii) Plastering & Rendering: Wall Finishes • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the main office walls (ix) Ceiling Finishes • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework in office, restroom, and toilet (x) Painting • Painting in inner walls of the main office, ceilings, and soffits • Painting of the external walls (xi) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Repair to Sunshades and frames in the external face (Out Harbour office unit) • Masonry Repairs to windowsills and frames (Out Harbour office unit) • Repairs to entrance canopy and facelift • Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Signage, Directions, and notice boards • Blind and Curtains • Water Tank (2000 L) (xii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of four 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning units (xiii) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System (xiv) Drainage System including pipelines, grease trap, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xv) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

E. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Hambantota Port Health Office

1. Location of the sub-project

87. The Hambantota port is located within Hambantota Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Hambantota District of the Southern Province. Within the Hambantota DS Division, the hospital is located within Mirijjawila Grama Niladhari (GN) Division. The project area falls within the Hambantota Municipal Council area. 88. The Hambantota is situated within Hambantota suburbs with its surrounding residential neighbourhoods and salterns. The sub-project location and the project footprint is presented in Figure 3.8.

Figure 3.8. Location map of the sub-project within Hambantota Port premises The coordinates of the location are 6° 7'0.19"N 81° 5'33.98"E

2. Details of the existing environment

89. Hambantota Port. The port is located ten nautical miles off the world’s busiest east- west shipping lane with a hundred thousand ships passing through each year (approximately 290 ships a day). Phase I of the project to provide bunkering, shipbuilding and crew change facilities commenced in January 2008 and was completed in December 2011. Currently, terminal operations are ongoing in the Phase I terminals. Hambantota’s prime location among major manufacturing bases for automotive parts and markets in Asia and Africa makes it ideal as a centre for vehicle assembly and value addition. Hambantota has a competitive edge over other ports with its automotive roll-on roll-off (RO-RO) and trans-shipment operations. The port contains a dedicated RO-RO yard of 11 ha and 25 ha of heavy-duty yards for expected container and other cargo operations. Carmakers from Japan, Korea and India are increasingly using Hambantota as a nexus for transshipping vehicles built in India, Thailand, Japan, and China to markets in Africa, the Middle East, Europe, and the Americas. Hambantota also has sufficient real estate for expansion of port-related activities providing opportunities for logistics-related services to enter the market. Initially, over two thousand (2,000) hectares of land was made available for logistics and free zone activities around the Hambantota port. The port is also well connected with the newly built Southern Highway, the railway lines, and the Mattala Airport.

Figure 3.9. Facilities at Port of Hambantota 90. Hambantota port is situated just east of the southern tip of the country, approximately ten nautical miles from the main east-west maritime trade lanes passing Sri Lanka. The port opened in 2011 and has a general cargo/RoRo quay (600 m) operational. Further, the port has a 315 m liquid berth for bunkering and LPG. A container quay (835m), a feeder quay (470 m), a (break) bulk quay (835 m) to be delivered to the port operator in 2017.

91. The port handled in 2016 0.35 million tons of cargo mainly consisting of vehicles and breakbulk cargoes. It handled 281 vessels in 2016 of which 267 car carriers. The port is subject to a government agreement with port operator CMPort, part of China Merchants Holdings International (CMHI). The concession contract with CMPort to operate and develop the port under a 99-years port management contract was finalised in July 2017. This deal would fit within the Chinese philosophy of building a maritime silk road with strategic nodal points along the route. Especially the available port areas (6,070 ha) for industrial development in connection with the port makes the location ideal for large industries. 92. Climate. The climate is tropical in Hambantota. The summers are much rainier than the winters in Hambantota. This location is classified as Aw by Köppen and Geiger. The average annual temperature in Hambantota is 27.1 °C. Precipitation here is about 1,063 mm per year. Compared to the other months of the year, months of June, July and August are fairly dry in the project area. The driest month is July. There is 39 mm of precipitation in July. The greatest amount of precipitation occurs in November, with an average of 211 mm. Rainfall to the project area is mainly influenced by the North-East monsoon winds (October to February) and fist inter-monsoon rains (March and April) governed by the clouds formed during the shift of the Intertropical convergence zone. The 75% expectancy-value of annual rainfall is greater than 650 mm. 93. The mean monthly temperatures of the country differ on the seasonal movement of the sun with some influence caused by rainfall. Hambantota features a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification. The climate of Hambantota district is fairly tropical throughout the year. With an average of 27.9 °C, May is the warmest month. The lowest average temperatures in the year occur in January when it is around 26.0 °C. Located within DL5 agro-ecological region Hambantota experience little relative diurnal range of temperature, although this is more marked in the drier winter months, where minimum temperatures average 220C. 94. Tide and Wave Height. In Hambantota, there is a mixed, mainly semi-diurnal tide. The average tidal amplitude along the south coast is about 80 cm. In Hambantota, there is a spring tidal range of 0.5 m, which is less than 2 m which is classified as a micro-tidal regime. During the northeast season of the year, the wave is characterized by nearly 95% of the waves approaching from 120°–200° N with an average significant wave height of 1.17 m whereas, during the southwest season of the year, the wave is characterized by over 98% of the waves approaching from 150°–210° N with an average significant wave height of 1.73 m. 95. Air Quality. Under the integrated Petroleum Refinery Project (IPRP) in 2012, air quality measurements have been carried out within the port premises. The results revealed that the average 1-hour levels of NO2 and SO2 in the Hambantota area were 4.92 g/m3 and 3.62 g/m3respectively and the average 24-hour levels of suspended particulate matter (SPM) wawere62.8 g/m3. In view of the 1-hour limits of 250 g/m3 and 200 g/m3흁 stipulated for NO2흁 and SO2, respectively in Sri Lanka (i.e., National Standard for ambient quality under the National Environmental흁 Act, No. 47 of 1980) the IPRP 흁study showed that흁 atmospheric pollution with NO2 and SO2 in Hambantota area is not significant. 96. The EIA report submitted by Lanka Sugar Refinery Company (Pvt) Ltd. in July 2013 has also reported the ambient air quality, which shows that all air quality parameters are well within permissible levels, indicating that at present the ambient air quality is not degraded in the Hambantota port area. Similar values can be expected in the project area at present, as the vehicular movement, extent, and nature of paved areas and air-borne dust levels are more or less similar to previous levels. The air quality within the port premises is observed to be not significantly polluted by the burning of fossil fuels. There are no boilers, generators, incinerators, etc., or any other emissions were seen nearby. However, open burning of waste is practised at some locations, though there is a system to collect waste separately, some of the waste is being open burnt, which is not a good practice.

97. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with suburban and light industrial areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from adjoining roads. Industrial activities and commercial activities of much of the project area are not very significant to have high levels of noise. 98. Water Supply. Hambantota port relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand of 4–5 days. There is no water extraction within the port premises at present. However, there are existing wells that can be used at any time as a contingency measure, if needed, before being supplied to the port. 99. Wastewater. There is a sewerage system and a central wastewater treatment facility, which has been built recently. According to the hospital authorities and records available, the treatment plant is functioning properly, and the treated effluent has complied with discharge standards. 100. Ecological Environment. The proposed subproject site is located within a low country (i.e., elevation below 400 m above mean sea level) wet zone of the country. According to agro- ecological classification, all locations of these subcomponents falls within DL5 agro-ecological zone. The 75% expectancy of annual rainfall is > 650 mm, soil, and the terrain is rolling and undulating terrain with reddish-brown earth with a high amount of gravel in sub-soil, low-humic gley and solodized-Solonetz. 101. The project area is located encompassing Karagan Lewaya and associated low-lying coastal marshes. The recently developed port and port-related development, road infrastructure and other township development schemes including resettlement areas, are major land-use features of the project area. 102. Biogeographically, the proposed project area lies within the low country Dry Zone. Floristically it is under Dry and Arid Lowlands Floristic Zone and Coastal and Marine Belt Floristic Zone. However, most of the typical natural vegetation formations do not exist in the project area as the area is highly man-modified. Scrublands that exist in the area resemble the tropical thorn forests or tropical semi-deciduous forests of the area with respect to plant species composition but different with respect to the structure. Some cleared, or bare land is colonized by invasive woodland species. Home gardens and agricultural lands exist both in and surrounding areas of the proposed project site. Shallow lagoons and intermittent water holes provide habitats for many aquatic, semi-aquatic and aquatic associate species such as fishes, water and water-associated birds, water associated dragonflies and damselflies, aquatic and semi-aquatic plants etc. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: Hambantota Harbour (Refer Annex 2(v) on Page 83 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Demolition of 225 mm thick brickwork of size 1200 mm x 1400 mm for windows and removal of debris from the site. • Removal of existing aluminium partitions • Demolition for AC provisions • Removal of tile on walls in washrooms • Demolition for plumbing lines in concrete walls and floor slabs (ii) Concrete work • In-situ concrete laying on the ground level • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills (iii) Brickwork • 225 mm thick vertical brickwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar on the Ground floor (iv) Waterproofing in toilets

• Apply roof seal glass coat waterproofing on top of the chipped and cleaned floor including plinth concrete with 200 mm height around the washroom area. (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation Powder-coated aluminium framed door and with double sash fixed with clear float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing, airtight and locking • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in inspection chamber fixed with ironmongery and sealing rubber beadings • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames with clear float glass in the internal partition to cover existing partitions to the ceiling level • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames with clear composite Al panel in the internal partition to cover existing partitions to the ceiling level - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed top hung windows (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors on the ground floor (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of Non-Slippery floor tiles for bathroom areas on the Ground (viii) Plastering & Rendering: Wall Finishes • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the ground floor and First-floor level, and Soffits (ix) Wall Tiling • Supply and Installation of wall tiles in the bathroom and walls, and 150 mm high skirting (x) Painting • Wall Painting in inner walls of the ground floor, ceilings, and soffits • Painting of the external walls of the ground floor and staircase lobby (xi) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Blind and curtains • Signage, Directions, and notice boards (xii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of an 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning unit (xiii) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System - Hot water pipes (xiv) Drainage System including pipelines, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xv) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

F. Refurbishment of the Quarantine Unit of Trincomalee Port Health Office

1. Location of the sub-project

103. The Trincomalee is located within Trincomalee Town and Gravets Divisional Secretary (DS) Division in Trincomalee District of the Eastern Province. Within the Town and Gravets DS Division, the proposed site for the health office is located within Arunagirinagar Grama Niladhari (GN) Division. The project area falls within the Trincomalee Urban Council area. 104. The location of the subproject is the building owned by the Department of Immigration and Emigration, Trincomalee Port Operations Office near the Port Police Station. The location is close to the Divisional Secretariat office. The sub-project location is presented in Figure 3.10.

Figure 3.10. Location map of sub-project in Trincomalee immigration office premises (The coordinates of the location are 8°34'2.18"N 81°13'53.82"E)

2. Details of the existing environment 105. Port of Trincomalee. The port of Trincomalee comprises several scattered facilities in China Bay, a natural deep-water bay (up to 20 m) on the North-Eastern side of the country. The port was originally used as a naval base. Additionally, the port comprised the country’s main tea export facility (tea was handled at the Tea Traders Association (TTA) facility, as indicated on the map), after the institutional setting of Colombo port changed with the establishment of the Port Cargo Corporation (prior to the introduction of this port authority, the port was operated as a tool port). In the Northwest corner of China Bay, a common fish port is located. Finally, the Mud Cove facility acted as a regional maintenance and repair facility, providing a slipway and workshops. The naval base is operational, and the SLPA managed TTA facility, and Ashroff Jetty is currently used for imports of coal, clinker, and gypsum and general cargo, most of which are destined for a cement plant. Sometimes the Ashroff quay is also used a Cruise berth.

Figure 3.11. Facilities at Port of Trincomalee 106. Trincomalee is ultimately well-positioned to handle dry bulk cargoes for the country. Especially in connection to the planned corridor development and rail connections the port can emerge as important dry bulk and general cargo port. The establishment of a refinery and power stations would create an additional node in Sri Lankan industrial development. Several key developments impact the success of the port of Trincomalee, among the most import is the development of the Colombo – Trincomalee corridor to ensure hinterland access to the

40 port. Linked to that is the railway connection to the hinterland to ensure access and distribution of bulk goods to the country. For Trincomalee to attract industries of its own, substantial effort should be placed in targeting investors in specific markets. 107. Besides SLPA managed facilities, China Bay comprises several private waterfront facilities. The three main private waterfront facilities comprise: • Tokyo Cement Milling Facility – a cement mill with a jetty that is used to import clinker to produce cement. • Prima Flour Milling Complex – a flour milling complex with a production capacity of 3,600 metric tonnes per day, and a storage capacity of 200,000 tonnes. • Lanka IOC Facility – Lanka IOC is the Sri Lankan subsidiary of Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), the Indian petroleum company. This facility includes several storage tanks west of the Flour mill and many unused oil tanks Northeast of the airport. 108. Climate. Average annual rainfall in the Trincomalee district is 1,727 mm; however, annual rainfall varies substantially from year to year. Heaviest rainfalls typically occur from October to January, during the Northeast monsoon; June is the driest month, on average. 109. The mean average temperature is approximately 28.5 °C. Monthly mean average temperatures vary approximately 4.5 °C around the overall mean average temperature; the lowest average temperature of 26.0 °C occurs in January due to Northern winds, the highest average temperature of 30.4 °C occurs in June, during the South-west monsoon. 110. During the Yala season, the wind direction is North-east, whereas the wind direction is South-west in the Maha season. The East coast of Trincomalee is also affected by cyclonic storms formed in the Bay of Bengal; due to the high occurrence of such storms, Trincomalee is considered to be in a high-intensity cyclone-prone zone. 111. Tide and Wave Height. From January to May 2018, average wave height at the measuring station in Port of Trincomalee amounted to 0.03 m; maximum wave height amounted to 1.60 m. The average tide was measured at 0.59 m above Low Water of Ordinary Spring Tide (LWOST); the maximum tide was measured at 2.6 m above LWOST. 112. Air Quality. Based on monitoring conducted by CEA, the ambient air quality in the project area is within the prescribed ambient limits. The Air Quality Index (AQI) for PM2.5 is continuously measured in the Colombo area by the US Embassy in Sri Lanka, which has consistently recorded AQI values of 0–50 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 0.0–15.4 µm3) or AQI values of 51–100 (which corresponds to breakpoint value of 15.5–40.4 µm3), which indicates either good or moderate level of health concern. Similar values can be expected in the project area in Trincomalee, as the vehicular movement, extent, and nature of paved areas and air-borne dust levels are more or less similar to Colombo. 113. Noise levels. Existing ambient noise and vibration levels in the areas are observed to be consistent with suburban and light industrial areas. There are also moderate levels of traffic noise from adjoining roads. Industrial activities and commercial activities of much of the project area are not very significant to have high levels of noise. 114. Water Supply. Water extraction from a couple of shallow wells had been the practice a few decades ago, to fulfil the water supply needs. However, the Trincomalee port now relies entirely on the water supply by the NWSDB, and there are storage tanks to satisfy the demand of 2–3 days. There is no water extraction within the port premises at present. However, the wells can be used at any time as a contingency measure, if needed, before being supplied to the hospital community. 115. Wastewater. There is a sewerage system and a central wastewater treatment facility, which has been built about 40–50 years back, however, rehabilitated and maintained regularly. According to the port authorities and records available, the treatment plant is functioning properly, and the treated effluent has complied with discharge standards.

116. Ecological Environment. The proposed subproject site is located within a low country dry zone of the country. According to agro-ecological classification, all locations of these subcomponents falls within DL2b agro-ecological zone. The 75% expectancy of annual rainfall is > 1,1000 mm, soil, and the terrain is rolling and undulating terrain with Non-calcic Brown soils, Reddish Brown earth, soils on old alluvium, Solodized Solonetz, Low Humic Gley soils and Regosols. 117. The Trincomalee port premises has been used as a harbour for more than eight centuries, and development had been taken place from time to time. There is an extensive road network, and many industrial complexes in the premises, and a large number of staff quarters, dormitories apart from the hospital facilities. 118. The vegetation that is found within the port premises is common tree species, and exotic plants and flowering plants grown for aesthetic and beautification purposes. Home garden species are common in the areas where staff quarters are located, and there are numerous common fruit-bearing. Home gardens found in the staff quarters areas, which are a bit congested and confined to small land plots. These home gardens are comprised of exotic foliage, fruits, medicine, spices, and timber. 3. Key activities proposed for the sub-project: Trincomalee Harbour (Refer Annex 2(vi) on Page 84 for photographs and descriptions) (i) Demolition work • Demolition of existing glass Aluminium partitions and its supporting frames (dilapidated state - at the existing building) and disposing the debris and dumping with proper disposal considerations • Demolition of 350 mm thick brickwork of size 1000 mm x 1000 mm for windows and removal of debris from the site. • Removal of tile floors and walls in washrooms • Removal of hollow plaster surfaces due to age and dampness • Demolition for plumbing lines in concrete walls and floor slabs • Demolition of existing sub-graded ceiling and removal of debris (ii) Concrete work • Screed concrete laying at the harbour unit area • Lintels, door stiffeners and sills • Concrete infills and plinth beams in washroom areas • Columns and slab to raise water tank by another 5 m (iii) Blockwork • 150 mm thick vertical brickwork in cement and sand 1:5 mortar in the first and second floor (iv) Waterproofing in toilets • Apply Roof seal glass coat waterproofing on top of the chipped and cleaned floor including plinth concrete with 200 mm height around the washroom area • Waterproofing in toilets/ bathrooms floor and walls up to 1.8 m height (v) Aluminium and glasswork - Doors and panels • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with cleat float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking

• Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and with double sash fixed with clear float glass & half comprises with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in toilet doors • Supply & installation of Powder-coated aluminium framed door and sash fixed with an aluminium composite panel with all necessary accessories for fixing and locking in inspection chamber fixed with ironmongery and sealing rubber beadings • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames and double-sided Al composite panels up to 1500 mm height and balance with 8mm thick clear float glass in external claddings to withstand water and wind. Side hanged openable windows measured separately (Second floor) • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames and Al composite panel partition at office partitions, toilets, and isolation unit (both floors) • Supply and installation of Powder-coated Al frames with 8mm thick clear float glass in external claddings to withstand water and wind. Side hanged openable windows measured separately. (First floor) - Windows • Powder-coated aluminium framed side hung window • Powder-coated aluminium framed fanlight with top hung window and fixed aluminium louvre • Frosted Tempered glass with Powder-coated aluminium framed (in bathrooms) (vi) Woodwork: Doors • Solid timber panel openable doors on the ground floor (vii) Floor, Wall & Ceiling Finishes - Ceramic Floor Tiling • Installation of porcelain floor tiles on the First floor and Second floor • Installation of Non-Slippery floor tiles for bathroom areas on the First floor, Second floor • Staircase tiles with nosing and skirtings (viii) Plastering & Rendering: Wall Finishes • Cement lime sand plaster on block/concrete surfaces, reveals to openings on the first floor and second-floor level, and Soffits (ix) Wall Tiling • Supply and Installation of wall tiles in the bathrooms and on the first and second-floor level, and 150 mm high skirting (x) Ceiling Finishes • Supply and installation of ceiling including framework on the second floor and staircase area (xi) Painting • Wall Painting in inner walls of the on the first and second floor, ceilings, soffits, and staircase area • Painting of the external walls (xii) Miscellaneous & Sundry Items • Curtains • Repairs to entrance canopy and facelift

• Installation of pantry unit with overhang and lower drawers made with teak timber with accessories, including a granite top with overhang hob with exhaust fan unit and double bowl double drainer washbasin with necessary plumbing and pipe fittings. • Provision of steel-framed store racks for drugs and other medical utensils • Signage, Directions, and notice boards • Supply and installation of a water tank (2000 L) (xiii) Electrical Works • Supply, installation, testing and commissioning of flush-mounted, metal-clad AC Distribution panel • Final sub-circuit wiring and point wiring for lighting circuits and ceiling fans • Installation and testing of fitting and ceiling fans on the ground floor, first floor • Supply, installation and testing of eight 18,000 BTU Air Conditioning units (xiv) Plumbing Works - Water Supply System - Cold Water Supply System - Hot water pipes (xv) Drainage System including pipelines, grease trap, sewer manholes and waste manholes (xvi) Data, Telephony, Wi-Fi, PA system and ELV

IV. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

A. Environmental Screening 119. The environmental screening was carried out as a part of this environmental due diligence exercise. The Screening Checklist recommended for Health Care Facilities (HCF) was used for the Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) attached in Appendix 1. The REA shows that impacts arising due to implementation of the interventions proposed for the sub- projects are not significant and mitigation measures could be adopted to avoid or abate/mitigate the impacts by the implementation of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) (as given in Section C of this Chapter). 120. The main objectives of formulation of the EMP subsequent to carrying out the Rapid Environmental Assessment and the screening for this due diligence study were to identify the direct and indirect impacts on the physical, biological, and social (or cultural heritage) environment. The EMP includes worker’s health and safety risks associated with the proposed rehabilitation/repair work and ensuing operations of the subproject, particularly issues related to healthcare management. B. Potential Environmental Impacts and Mitigation 121. However, in consideration of the neighbouring areas and given the settings within port premises, MRI and NIID, findings of some anticipated impacts due to the subproject activities and their management measures can be discussed as follows:

Table 4.1: Impacts due to implementation of proposed interventions Impact Field Anticipated Impact on the Environment

Pre-construction Phase Clearances and adherence The conditions and guidelines for avoidance/mitigation of to Standards: general and site-specific environmental impacts highlighted Not complying with the by the authorities should be complied with, during designs, conditions and guidelines implementation, and operations. provided in contract Non-compliance and non-conformity to standards (e.g., conditions including noise levels emanated by construction equipment, material environmental clearances quality standards etc.) and standard construction practices and approvals (e.g., CIDA Standards and guidelines) will lead to unexpected environmental impacts at the construction stages of the project. Site selection and suitability: Temporary sites may disturb the activities of Especially in case of Ports/MRI/NIID. Selection of alternative locations should temporary storage of consider (environmental) suitability of target project areas; material, waste/debris, suitability of the location must be included in the stacking and work camps, assessment of site suitability. equipment/machinery yards Planning for shifting of Shifting of utilities should be planned well ahead of the utilities: commencement of rehabilitation/demolition work. These Shifting of utilities before include services such as telephone lines, electric panel demolition/construction/ boards and wires, and water supply and wastewater pipes rehabilitation work that are located within the building areas earmarked for demolition/rehabilitation, which may cause temporary disruption to such services.

Planning for interruption of People’s movements and traffic flow will be affected if traffic and people’s routes for delivery of construction materials and temporary movements obstructions of access to other facilities within buildings during construction activities are not planned and coordinated properly. This is especially relevant to the construction/rehabilitation work proposed at the NIID (where patient and staff movements are affected by proposed work) and MRI. Establishment of procedures There is a remote possibility that demolition/rehabilitation for chance finds can uncover and/or damage archaeological and historical Social and cultural resources resources as Trincomalee, Galle and Colombo ports may have archaeologically important monuments. Waste discharge and All waste collection, storage, handling, transportation, compliance with Standards treatment, and disposal of waste and/or effluent discharges must be planned and designed to meet environmental regulations, and standards specified by the authorities. There are asbestos cement products in parts of buildings earmarked for rehabilitation, that need proper dismantling, handling, storage, and final disposal. This needs proper planning prior to dismantling. Construction phase Extraction and sourcing of The material requirements for all the six sub-projects are materials small in quantities, and therefore, this impact is minor. Impacts on Air quality Air quality within the sites will suffer temporarily due to fugitive dust generation from demolition, dismantling, construction, stockpiling and transporting activities. These activities will produce dust and increase the concentration of airborne pollutants and fugitive particles. The impact will be localized and minor because the health offices which need rehabilitation are located inside the buildings. The Ward 4 of the NIID are located fairly away from other wards and hospital facilities, and the premises are not often visited by hospital staff and/or patients. Small amounts of dust can fall within the other areas, especially at the port health offices in the Colombo port and the MRI, which are located within other units of these institutions. The impacts on air quality due to the proposed interventions and the impacts on the neighbourhood areas are not significant because the proposed works are minor, and the duration of dust-generating work is limited to a few days. Increase in gaseous emissions from construction machinery and vehicles will be minor to make a serious impact on the air quality. Elevated levels of noise and Noise and vibration are two key impacts that may result vibration during demolition and construction work, which will be a nuisance to other staff (at the ports, MRI and NIID), patients (at the NIID) and neighbourhood. Increase in noise levels, and the vibration is possible due to demolition and dismantling of structures and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. Operation of noise

generating equipment and machines in the nighttime (if any) can cause a nuisance to the surrounding environment/ people (especially within the NIID). Major sources of noise are the movement of construction vehicles, transport of material, concrete mixing and other noise-generating activities (operation of cutters, drilling machines, riveting machines, compactors, poker vibrators etc.) at the site which, cumulatively, can possibly produce a noise level exceeding 75 dB (which is the maximum allowable noise level during daytime at construction sites as stipulated in Regulations12). The elevated noise levels will be a localized and temporary impact that will last throughout the construction period (which will be about 2–3 weeks). However, given that the worksite is within busy work areas (ports, MRI and NIID), and health officed and hospitals being sensitive receptors to impacts of noise and vibration, maximum mitigation will need to be taken to keep it under acceptable limits. Storage and disposal of Improper collection, storage and disposal of demolished demolished material, material and debris, construction waste material, and, spoil including asbestos cement (if any) from excavations (at some excavations are needed waste, and debris, at NIID premises for wastewater catch pits/manholes and construction debris and wastewater lines), cleaning of drainage canals (at NIID site) waste, and spoil causing environmental pollution. There are asbestos cement products in parts of buildings earmarked for rehabilitation, that need proper dismantling, handling, storage, and final disposal. Replacing the roofing sheets of corridors at NIID will produce a large amount of asbestos cement roofing sheets. Also, replacing the asbestos cement ceilings at the health offices at Trincomalee, Galle and Colombo will produce asbestos cement waste. Damages to ecological No trees will be cut in any of the projects. Interventions are resources restricted to existing buildings; hence there is no impact on ecological resources. Disruptions caused to Proposed interventions include rehabilitation of existing infrastructure and switchboards, electrical wiring, water, and wastewater lines, facilities etc. Disruption of such service and damage to existing utilities available in existing buildings particular, electricity, telecommunication, water supply and wastewater pipelines. Alterations of the existing Labour camps, machinery/equipment yards and stockpiling landscape and aesthetics areas, loss of green areas, cutting down of trees, etc. may affect the landscape/aesthetic features of the project area Waste discharges, including solid wastes, as well as stockpiling of demolition/construction waste and debris, stockpiling of excess construction materials, create unacceptable aesthetic conditions (this is more applicable to the NIID site) Disturbances caused to Access (especially trolley and wheelchair access) to facilities

12 See Schedule III, Regulation 4 of National Environmental (Noise Control) Regulations No. 1, 1996 47 access to other areas and available at the NIID and services can cause severe facilities inconvenience to affected parties. Obstruction/restriction to access to other facilities at the Ports and the MRI is also possible. Impacts on occupational Occupational hazards can arise during construction (e.g., health and safety electrical work, welding work, work at heights, falling objects, high levels of noise and vibration, accidents, etc.) are possible. Due consideration shall be given to Environmental, Health, and Safety (EH&S) aspects. Selection of locations and facilities for labour camps will be reviewed by the DSC. Compliance with EH&S requirements (including measures to prevent spreading of pandemic situations including COVID-19) will be thoroughly reviewed, and a summary requirement shall be prepared (one for workers and another common one for the public, including the workers) by the Contractor. Impacts on community Community hazards can arise during construction (e.g., health and safety; traffic demolition work, air quality, noise, falling objects, etc.). hazards; pedestrian safety Demolition work inside buildings, especially the removal of cement/ tile and concrete surfaces and use of drills will cause noise as well as air pollution. Impacts due to construction Demolition, excavations, and construction work will produce waste small amounts of waste/debris. Accumulation of debris, and construction waste materials and stockpiling can lead to inconvenience to other users of the facilities and environmental pollution. Some activities will produce hazardous waste, and inappropriate disposal practices can contaminate land and water (rainwater drainage) Impacts due to the storage The rehabilitation work needs paints, solvents, cement, of hazardous substances putty, filler, and wall finishing material, adhesives, corrosive substances, lubricants, petroleum products etc. These need to be stored. These need to be properly stored, and any spills and leaks will pollute the environment. Dust and/or fumes caused by these substances will be hazardous to workers. Operation of work camps Sites used for labour camps, material and equipment yards may cause environmental damage to property, vegetation, and to the neighbourhood, including the traffic. Temporary air and noise pollution from machine operation, and water pollution from storage and use of fuels, oils, solvents, and lubricants. This may cause conflict with residents and the problem of waste disposal and disruptions to residents Social and cultural resources There is a remote possibility of a risk of damages caused to archaeological chance finds. There are no sites of social/cultural importance (schools, hospitals, religious places, tourist sites) that may be disturbed by noise, dust, vibration, and disruption to access, other than healthcare facilities within the NIID, MRI and port-

related offices at the four ports premises.

Clean-up Impacts on social or sensitive receptors when post- operations, construction requirements are not undertaken, e.g., restoration, and improper closure of the campsites and yards, disposal of rehabilitation solid and liquid waste, and restoration of land after the project construction. Operation and Maintenance phase General maintenance of Any lapses of maintaining the facilities will lead to facilities environmental damage (this is specifically valid for water and wastewater supplies, and hazardous waste management facilities, electricity consumption, etc.). Maintenance activities may cause disturbance to nearby facilities of the ports/MRI/NIID by way of elevated levels of dust, and an increase in noise level. Health and safety due to Leaking sewers and septic tanks can damage human health generation, collection, and contaminate soil and groundwater. storage, and disposal of Standing water due to inadequate stormwater drainage waste systems and inadequate waste management practices pose a health hazard by providing breeding grounds for disease vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, and rats. Any MSW and solid waste residuals and miscellaneous wastes (generated from offices, washrooms, pantries) may need proper collection, storage, and disposal. Health and safety due to Poor healthcare waste management practices and generation, collection, unhygienic conditions at the improved facilities can storage, and disposal of cause public health-related issues, especially the healthcare waste spread of diseases. Occupational hazards that Possibility of the health care staff (and others attached affect the health care staff to the health offices and quarantine centres) infected of health offices by diseases carriers.

122. Out of the impacts listed above, three impacts need particular attention when proposing mitigation measures: - impacts due to noise, vibration, and air quality during construction - impacts due to occupational health and safety issues during construction - any social impacts and community health and safety issues during: (i) construction, and (ii) operations - occupational health hazards that may affect the health care staff during operations 123. Mitigation measure to prevent the above four categories of impacts are described in detail below, and any mitigation measures applicable to all the other impacts field (as listed in Table 4.1) are provided in the EMP. Mitigation measures to prevent impacts due to noise and vibration during construction (i) Use of noisy machines should be restricted and where possible noise-reducing means for construction machines should be used. (ii) Noise generating activities should be restricted to time periods when the neighbouring offices are closed, especially at the port health offices at Colombo, Galle and

Hambantota Port and the MRI. Construction activities at the NIID should be strictly between 8.00 am to 6.00 pm daily to avoid discomfort caused by noise and vibration that for in-patients and neighbourhood. (iii) Nighttime work should be not allowed at the NIID. At other locations, if certain nighttime construction activities are unavoidable, it should be done using noise-reducing means or low-noise technologies. (iv) Manually mixed concrete will avoid the need to have concrete mixers operated at the site. Concrete mixers can generate high levels of continuous noise; Use of manually mixed concrete is feasible as concrete work that is proposed require small quantities concrete. (Note: concrete mixing platforms should be cleaned thoroughly, and generation of wash water should be minimized to the extent that is practical. Any wash water should be directed to a catch pit for settlement of cement and grit, before discharging to a nearby drain). (v) Vehicles should be serviced properly before use, and noise generated from equipment used in construction work should meet CEA standards for noise and vibration in Sri Lanka. Equipment and machinery should be checked for their rated noise and vibration levels. (vi) At the NIID and MRI sites, noisy construction machines/activities should be scheduled to coincide with non-clinic and non-OPD days/times as much as possible or on days that patient visitation to the facility is minimum. For other our health offices located at the four ports, the construction activities should be scheduled in consultation with the staff of the health office when their work schedules permit such activities to be carried out without disturbing their routine work. (vii) Liaising with the port health offices and hospital authorities (at the NIID) of the work schedules is always advisable. Prior notices of noise generating activities will avoid confusions of among health officials and hospital authorities and the contractor. Impacts due to activities creating emissions and impacts on air quality during construction (i) The louvres/openings, windows and other passageways to adjoining areas of health offices (especially at the Colombo Port, MRI, Galle Port and the NIID premises) can be temporarily covered with tarpaulin/polythene sheets (or any other suitable material) until the demolition/rehabilitation/construction work is over. (ii) The sites should be cleaned daily, especially surfaces that are affected by demolished material and dust. (iii) If needed, regular watering (at least twice a day during the mid-morning and mid- evening) should be carried out in for areas which need demolition of walls, floors, ceilings, etc., for dust suppression. (iv) Construction debris and waste that is temporarily stored on-site should be covered in a tarpaulin or other locally sourced suitable material to prevent dust particles from getting airborne. (v) Where possible, construction stockpiles and debris piles should be stored away from the functional areas of the port health offices or any other neighbouring facilities/offices at the ports, MRI, and the hospital. IT has to be noted that the space is very limited at the MRI and Colombo Port sites for storage of such debris. Therefore, the immediate removal of such debris is recommended. (vi) During transportation trucks carrying construction debris and waste, spoil (if any) or construction material to and from the sites should be covered by a tarpaulin. Speed controls must be imposed on construction vehicles from about 500 m away from the site premises.

Mitigation measures to prevent any occupational health and safety issues during construction: (i) The contractor should employ workers who have adequate skills, experience, training, and technical know-how (ii) This gang of skilled and unskilled workers shall be led by an experienced supervisor (under the guidance of the engineer), who will provide the direction in daily activities. (iii) The workers, as well as the supervision staff, are expected to have a general awareness and regard for the day-to-day activities of the port premises (and for sub- projects at the MRI and NIID, too), social aspects of the other stakeholders those who function near the site premises and adjacent areas. As a mandatory requirement, the workers and site staff need to be made aware of the following general rules: • entry/exit rules of port premises (and MRI and NIID), and any other stipulated and general rules/conditions, especially those that related to safety should be strictly adhered to, without any exception • no alcohol/drugs on-site; no attempt should be made by any worker to enter the site premises if such a worker is under the influence of alcohol/drugs • take all measures to prevent excessive noise, vibration, and fugitive dust emissions; the workers should wear appropriate PPE while carrying out work that emanates high noise, vibration and/or dust. • construction staff should be forced to use proper facilities provided for them (such as sanitation facilities, rest areas and places for having meals/snacks), as opposed to ad hoc alternatives (e.g., using back allies to relive oneself, having snacks/meals in open spaces, etc.) • no fires are permitted on site except if needed for the construction works • trespassing on adjoining areas of the port premises and private/commercial properties adjoining the site is forbidden; those who work at the NIID and MRI sites, the workers should be made aware of the dangers, health and safety issues posed by their unauthorized access to other parts of the health care centres. • Four of the proposed sites are located within port premises, therefore. other than pre-approved security staff, no workers shall be permitted to live on the construction site; and for those workers who work at the NIID should be made aware of health and safety implications of working at a health care facility dedicated for infectious diseases • no worker may be forced to do work that is potentially dangerous or that he/she is not trained to do, especially when work is involved with heights, operation of electric appliances, and mechanical devices – which need specialized training (iv) The contractor must make sure that the work behaviour and performance of construction workers adhere to and follow the points communicated to them during their safety toolbox meeting and induction. The contractor should monitor whether the workers have properly understood the instructions as well as rules. Also, the contractor should make sure that safety rules and procedures are followed by workers at all times.

Mitigation measures to prevent any social impacts and community health and safety issues: (a) During construction (i) All the six sites (four inside ports MRI and NIID) have strict access restrictions. Contractor’s activities and movement of staff shall be strictly restricted to designated construction areas. Should the construction staff be approached by members of the public or other stakeholders, staff shall assist them in locating the site-in-charge or contractor’s representative or provide a number through which they may contact the Chief Medical Officer of the Port Health Office (in case of the NIID, the Director or in case of the MRI, the Chief Medical Officer, Port Health Office) or the contractor. (ii) The conduct of the contractor’s staff and workers when dealing with the workers and officers of the Port or other stakeholders, (especially staff and patients at the NIID, staff and visitors of the MRI) shall be in a manner that is polite and courteous at all times. Failure to adhere to this requirement may result in the removal of staff/workers from the site by the DSC. (iii) Obstruction, diversion, or disruption of access for other facilities of the Ports, MRI and NIID, commercial establishments in the Port areas, institutions, etc. must be minimized and must have the permission of relevant authorities. If needed, provide safe passageways, walkways and ramps made with metal sheets/wooden planks where required to maintain access for people, vehicles, and wheelchairs (if needed). It has to ensure that repair work at the NIID is carried out with extreme care, as the corridors and passageways, which are earmarked for rehabilitation, are heavily used by the staff and patients, including transport of trolleys, wheelchair movements, etc. (iv) Consult the Port Health Offices (including that of the MRI), and the Director, NIIID regarding working hours and schedules of the institutions, and factor these in work schedules and give proper consideration not to disturb/disrupt their work. (v) The contractor shall inform the Chief Medical Officer of each Port Health Office (including that of the MRI), and the Director, NIIID in writing of any disruptive activities (e.g., activities which give rise to high levels of noise, vibration, dust, fumes, obstruction or disruption of access, interruption of utility services, etc.) at least 24 hours beforehand (as long as practicable). Carrying out of such activities can be informed to other stakeholders and the public by way of displaying notices placed at appropriate locations (with the consent of the Chief Medical Officer), giving the contractor’s details or other method approved by the Chief Medical Officer. Provide signboards for the public to inform them of nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for any concerns/complaints. (vi) Notice of activities that generate high levels of noise and vibration must be given to occupants/facilities adjacent to the construction site. Such activities include noise generated by jackhammers, generator sets, excavators, wood and metalworking tools, drills, etc. Such activities must be restricted to the times given in the project specification or general conditions of the contract. The contractor will ensure that any damage to properties and utilities will be restored or compensated to pre-work conditions. (vii) Lighting on the construction site shall be pointed downwards and away from oncoming traffic and nearby facilities. Construction work carried out at the NIID should be restricted to daytime only so as not to disturb the resident patients. (viii) Any storage of construction material, debris and waste should be covered appropriately, and stored away from access roads, walkways, parking areas, drainage channels, etc. The site areas shall be delineated using construction tape. The site must be kept clean to minimize the visual impact of the site. (ix) If screenings are being used, these must be moved and re-erected as the work front progresses. (x) Machinery and vehicles are to be kept in good working order for the duration of the project to minimize noise nuisance to neighbours.

(b) During operations: 124. All precautions should be taken to avoid impacts of improper handling and disposal of healthcare waste: Increased generation of hazardous health care waste which is improperly disposed of can put public health at risk from accidental infections and contaminate the natural environment (i) Infectious waste should be collected separately and autoclaved at the point of generation. Once disinfected, the waste would leave a medical area in the infectious healthcare waste container. (ii) Containers for infectious waste should not be placed in public areas. (iii) Waste bins should be located as close as possible to sinks and washing facilities. (iv) Containers should be of similar size to overcome the observed tendency for staff to put waste in the largest receptacle. (v) Where possible, hazardous waste generated in medical areas should be stored in utility rooms, which are designated for cleaning equipment, dirty linen, and waste. (vi) Clear notices should be displayed at appropriate locations to indicate the type of dangers, especially biosafety. (vii) Areas which are potentially hazardous should be clearly demarcated as out of bounds for general public. All safety precautions should be taken by the health authorities to prevent such unauthorized access, trespassing and visitations by members of the public.

Mitigation measures to prevent occupational health hazards that may affect the health care staff during operations Occupational exposures to infected persons, body fluids or laboratory specimens containing pathogens are considered possible cases of occupationally potential hazards. The highest rates of occupational hazard among all workers exposed to health-care works are reported by cleaning personnel and waste handlers. The following are proposed as mitigation measures: (i) Frequently touched surfaces throughout the reception area and waiting areas should be cleaned and sanitized regularly. (ii) All health care staff who come into contact with persons who are being examined at the quarantine unit should wear appropriate PPE (boots, apron, long-sleeved gown, thick gloves, mask, and goggles or a face shield) and perform hand hygiene after removing it. Careful and continuous use of the relevant health & safety equipment (gloves, masks etc.) – an important measure here is to make sure that the workers are removing masks and gloves without getting in contact with them; usually, this means with the help of someone else. Protective equipment for eyes is also beneficial for avoiding infections. (iii) Uniforms should be daily changed - cleaning of work clothes and shoes is minimizing the possibility of dispersing the virus in the air – make sure not to shake clothes – wash them at a temperature of at least 60 °C with common detergents, add disinfectants if possible. (iv) Put a disposable set of gloves, on a daily basis, in direct contact with skin, before wearing usual work gloves. (v) Bathrooms should be cleaned and disinfected at least once a day. The healthcare workers should have separate toilets and bathrooms (which should never be used by infected persons). Ensure yellow bags are correctly closed and tied with an overhand balloon knot so that they are leak-proof before being moved.

(vi) Hazardous/contaminated waste should be collected in yellow bags and should be placed in a container with a secure lid. (vii) All sharps containers should be fully closed and placed in a bag and then in a container. Preferably, single-use disposable sharps containers should be used in place of reusable sharps containers. (viii) Single-use gloves (nitrile or latex) and gowns should be discarded after each use and not reused (ix) Well-trained permanent staff are responsible for packaging waste to transport for treatment facilities. (x) Each bag must be hand-tied by gathering and twisting the neck of the bag and using a tie or hand knot to secure the bag, and each container must be securely closed. (xi) Improperly packaged containers or damaged containers will be denied pick up until packed them properly. (xii) Bins used for disposing of infectious waste must be disinfected before reuse by any means effective for the infectious substance the container previously contained. (xiii) Direct contact (without gloves) with bins or bags should be avoided in any case. (xiv) Have proper plans in case of emergencies: The HCF needs to have procedures in place for how staff should deal with accidents and emergencies. Generally written procedures for first aid should be developed and made available to all staff, so they know the first things to do, and who to call or notify in case of minor cuts and bruises, major wounds, or skin contamination. (xv) Tackling chemical and biological spills: The Health offices should have proper procedures in place to tackle minor chemical and biological spills as well as major spills. Anything beyond a minor spill, and that requires help from outside of the health office constitutes a major spill. Steps to deal with major spills include alerting coworkers, moving to a safe location, and calling authorities to report the situation should be clearly described. (xvi) General safety. In establishing a safety management programme, it is essential to appoint a responsible supervisor. The health office should have a safety manual that establishes policy and describes standard procedures for handling safety and emergency issues. Personnel need to be trained in how to apply safety practices and techniques and to be aware of potential hazards. 168. Grievance Redressal: A project-specific grievance redress mechanism (GRM) will be established to receive, evaluate, and facilitate the resolution of affected person’s (AP’s) concerns, complaints, and grievances about the social and environmental performance at the level of the project. The GRM must be established before any site works commence. 169. The objective of the GRM is to provide a timely and transparent mechanism to raise and find a resolution to social and environmental issues arising out of the project. The following institutional mechanism is recommended for project-specific grievances: The proposed mechanism will have two tiers at different levels linked to the project’s implementation hierarchy. (i) Tier 1: The Contractor must address queries and complaints by documenting details of such communications, submitting these for inclusion in complaints register, and bringing issues to the Consultant’s (DSC) attention (if needed), and taking remedial action as per Consultant’s instruction. a) On receiving a grievance, the Contractor will (i) Enter the grievance in the Complaints Register, (ii) open a grievance file for the specific case and, (iii) close

the grievance filling a closure sheet that will be signed by the complainant agreeing that the concern has been satisfactorily resolved. b) The contractor shall immediately take necessary remedial action on any complaint/grievance received and forward the details of the grievance along with the action taken to the Consultant within a reasonable period of time after receipt of such complaint/grievance. (ii) Tier 2: The Project Management Unit (PMU) will be the focal point for grievance redressal of tier 2, for those grievances which were not resolved in tier 1. This tier will consist of a Grievance Redress Committee (GRC), the composition of which will be decided by the PD. The Social Safeguard Specialist of the PMU will be responsible for processing and placing all papers before the GRC. 170. The GRC must be appointed and established before the commencement of site works. The written grievance will be forwarded to the GRC who will call a hearing, if necessary, with the complainant. The process will facilitate resolution through mediation. The GRC will meet as required and direct the field level with clear instructions and responsibilities to attend to the agreed actions within two weeks of the meeting. The contractor will sit in the GRC as an observer. 171. Any grievance that cannot be resolved directly by the two tiers mentioned above, the affected person can seek alternative redress through other means such as the Government’s judicial system. It is essential to ensure that the project’s mechanism for grievance redressal is widely disseminated to the public and other affected stakeholders.

C. Environmental Management Plan

Table 4.2: Environmental Management Plan

Impact Field Mitigation measures Implementation Monitoring Costs responsibility responsibility

During Pre-Construction Phase

Clearances and adherence • Scheduling, coordination, procurement, obtaining Standard Contractor DSC to Standards: approvals and project implementation shall be expedited Construction Practices and Not complying with the to the extent that is practicable. Industry conditions and guidelines • Standard and good construction practices shall be Norms provided in contract followed at all times. conditions including environmental clearances • The possibility of deploying several gangs and approvals simultaneously shall be pursued, which will allow the work to be completed within the least possible duration.

Site selection and suitability: • The rehabilitation work for all the six sites is only within No cost Contractor DSC involved Especially in case of the existing building premises. Therefore, no extensions temporary storage of are envisaged, and no additional space is required for material, waste/debris, any of the sites. No Site selection and suitability issues stacking and work camps, are non-existent. equipment/machinery yards • No mitigation measures are needed. • Having labour camps at any of the six sites are not possible. Space may be available only for storage of material and for resting. • Temporary storage sites to be considered should result in the least damage to property, vegetation, and least disturbance to the neighbourhood, including the traffic. • Storage areas shall be located in areas to minimize

unauthorized access, as the movement of vehicle and workers inside port premises are restricted. • The contractor shall have plans for the storage of hazardous materials (paints, solvents, fuels, oils, and chemicals) and preparations for emergency procedures.

Planning for shifting of • There are some existing infrastructure and services Cost of Contractor Port Health utilities: (electricity and telecommunication lines, various temporary Offices services, if Shifting of utilities before pipelines – water supply and wastewater) within the and needed, demolition/construction/ parts of buildings earmarked for repairs/demolition. To should be Director, NIID rehabilitation work mitigate the inconveniences caused to users of these buildings due to the interruption of the utilities, the included in contractor shall: Contractor’s estimates o identify and include locations of these utilities in the design documents to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during the construction phase; and o require construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions in case of unintentional interruption of services.

Planning for interruption of Impacts due to interference with accesses to the adjoining No costs Contractor DSC traffic and people’s facilities should be avoided. This is relevant to the health involved movements offices at the Colombo port and the MRI. At the NIID, the repair to the corridor will interrupt the movement of patients, staff and visitors to other wards and hospital facilities. These interruptions caused to the movements of people should be avoided: o Information on detours/diversions/bypasses should be communicated via proper signages. o The contractor should coordinate with the Port Health Office, MRI and NIID staff on such interruptions

o Keep the corridors of buildings and access roads free from all unnecessary obstructions. o Notify affected receptors by providing signboards with information about the nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints o Any obstructions must be illuminated at night.

Establishment of procedures All articles which have a value of antiquity, structures, and No costs Contractor DSC to report for chance finds other remains or things of geological or archaeological involved to PMU interest discovered on the site shall be the property of the Social and cultural resources PMU to report Government and shall be dealt with as per provisions of to SLPA and/or the relevant legislation. Dept of The contractor shall take reasonable precautions to Archaeology prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any such articles. He will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaints the Port Health Office, and the PMU through the DSC of such discovery and carry out the instructions for dealing with the same, waiting which all work shall be stopped. The PMU will seek direction from the Archaeological Department of Archaeology of Sri Lanka (and the Sri Lanka Ports Authority for the four sites inside the port premises) and inform the Port Health Office to follow the Chance Find Procedures set forth in the EARF prepared for the HSEP.

During Construction Phase

Demolition of (parts) of • Plan waste minimization measures, and reuse as much Part of Contractor DSC to report buildings/structures demolition waste and material as much as possible contractor’s to PMU cost

• Asbestos sheets should be reused, rather than disposing of. Extra care should be exercised in removing and, if need when disposal of asbestos products. • Find alternative beneficial uses for any unused building material, e.g., fills in other construction works; fixtures and fittings to be re-used. • Workers should be provided with appropriate safety wear, Worker Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) during demolition, and waste disposal.

Impacts on Air quality • The louvres/openings, windows and other passageways This item has Contractor DSC to report to adjoining areas of health offices (especially at the already been to PMU Colombo Port, MRI, Galle Port and the NIID premises) absorbed into can be temporarily covered with tarpaulin/polythene the cost of sheets (or any other suitable material) until the the project. demolition/rehabilitation/construction work is over. • The sites should be cleaned daily, especially surfaces that are affected by demolished material and dust. • If needed, regular watering (at least twice a day during the mid-morning and mid-evening) should be carried out in for areas which need demolition of walls, floors, ceilings, etc., for dust suppression. • Construction debris and waste that is temporarily stored on-site should be covered in a tarpaulin or other locally sourced suitable material to prevent dust particles from getting airborne. • Where possible, construction stockpiles and debris piles should be stored away from the functional areas of the port health offices or any other neighbouring facilities/offices at the ports, MRI, and the hospital. It has to be noted that the space is very limited at the MRI and

Colombo Port sites for storage of such debris. Therefore, the immediate removal of such debris is recommended. • During transportation trucks carrying construction debris and waste, spoil (if any) or construction material to and from the sites should be covered by a tarpaulin. Speed controls must be imposed on construction vehicles from about 500 m away from the site premises.

Elevated levels of noise and • Use of noisy machines should be restricted and where This item has Contractor DSC to report vibration possible noise-reducing means for construction machines already been to PMU should be used. absorbed into

13 the cost of • Maximum permissible noise levels for construction the project. activities must be less than or equal to 75 dB Leq T during daytime (06.00 – 21.00 hrs) and 50 dB Leq T during nighttime (21.00 – 06.00 hrs). • Noise generating activities should be restricted to time periods when the neighbouring offices are closed, especially at the port health offices at Colombo, Galle and Hambantota Port and the MRI. Construction activities at the NIID should be strictly between 6.00 am to 6.00 pm daily to avoid discomfort caused by noise and vibration that for in-patients and neighbourhood. • Nighttime work should be not allowed at the NIID. At other locations, if certain nighttime construction activities are unavoidable, it should be done using noise-reducing means or low-noise technologies. • Manually mixed concrete will avoid the need to have concrete mixers operated at the site. Concrete mixers can generate high levels of continuous noise; Use of manually mixed concrete is feasible as concrete work that is

13 National Environmental (Noise Control) Regulations No. 1, 1996 60

proposed require small quantities concrete. (Note: concrete mixing platforms should be cleaned thoroughly, and generation of wash water should be minimized to the extent that is practical. Any wash water should be directed to a catch pit for settlement of cement and grit, before discharging to a nearby drain). • Use of pre-fabricated structures will avoid the need to fabricate the structure on-site, and avoid unnecessary noise (due to cutting, drilling, etc. • Vehicles should be serviced properly before use, and noise generated from equipment used in construction work should meet CEA standards for noise and vibration in Sri Lanka. Equipment and machinery should be checked for their rated noise and vibration levels. • At the NIID and MRI sites, noisy construction machines/activities should be scheduled to coincide with non-clinic and non-OPD days/times as much as possible or on days that patient visitation to the facility is minimum. For other our health offices located at the four ports, the construction activities should be scheduled in consultation with the staff of the health office when their work schedules permit such activities to be carried out without disturbing their routine work. • Liaising with the port health offices and hospital authorities (at the NIID) of the work schedules is always advisable. Prior notices of noise generating activities will avoid confusions of among health officials and hospital authorities and the contractor

Storage and disposal of • Earth stockpiled on-site should be fully covered on all This item has Contractor DSC to report demolished material and sides with a suitable material, and weight should be already been to PMU debris, construction debris placed at the base to prevent the cover from getting absorbed into and waste, spoil, and muck displaced and exposing earth to erosion. They should the cost of

be stored away from site/road drainage paths. the project. • Use of pre-fabricated structures will avoid the need to bring much of the construction material to be brought to the site (thus minimizing the vehicular movements within the site premises) and lessen the need for storage space on-site. This will also avoid the need to have structures fitted and/or fabricated on-site, which will prevent further disturbance to the peripheral areas and would not generate any construction waste. • Paints, solvents, oil, and lubricant waste should not be buried or burnt in the project site but collected and stored in proper oil-cans and disposed for re-use or LA approved designated sites. • All other hazardous chemicals such as paint shall be stored in a safe place that is not subjected to unauthorized access or accidental spilling. Empty paint cans will be collected and removed to an authorized dumpsite. • Packing material, polyethene, wooden debris (e.g., used for shuttering work), etc. should be properly collected, stored and the contractor should remove them from the site prior to handing over.

Damages to ecological No particular mitigation measures are needed. - - - resources

Disruptions caused to • Prior stakeholder consultation is needed for planning for This item has Contractor DSC to report existing infrastructure and service interruptions during re-wiring, plumbing work, etc. already been to the Port facilities absorbed into Health • Adequate and clear notices should be provided to all the the cost of Offices, MRI affected parties of the service interruptions. Indicate the project. and NIID alternative provisions and the contingency measures that are planned.

• Prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services.

Alterations of the existing No particular mitigation measures are needed. - - - landscape and aesthetics

Impacts on occupational • The contractor should employ workers who have This item has Contractor DSC health and safety adequate skills, experience, and training already been absorbed into • The workers, as well as the supervision staff, are the cost of the expected to have a general awareness and regard for project. the day-to-day activities of the port premises (and for sub-projects at the MRI and NIID, too). This is the responsibility • entry/exit rules of port premises (and MRI and NIID), and and obligation any other stipulated and general rules/conditions, of the especially those that related to safety should be strictly contractor adhered to, without any exception • no alcohol/drugs on-site; no attempt should be made by any worker to enter the site premises if such worker is under the influence of alcohol/drugs • the workers should wear appropriate PPE while carrying out work that emanates high noise, vibration and/or dust. • trespassing on adjoining areas of the port premises and private/commercial properties adjoining the site is forbidden; those who work at the NIID and MRI sites, the workers should be made aware of the dangers, health and safety issues posed by their unauthorized access to other parts of the health care centres. • no worker may be forced to do work that is potentially dangerous or that he/she is not trained to do, especially when work is involved with heights, operation of electric

appliances, and mechanical devices – which need specialized training • The contractor must make sure that the work behaviour and performance of construction workers adhere to and follow the points communicated to them during their safety toolbox meeting and induction.

Impacts on community • The construction site should be delineated from the rest This item has Contractor PMU to report health and safety; traffic of the facilities (at the four ports, MRI and the NIID), already been to PMU and hazards; pedestrian safety preferably using barricading tape or any other suitable absorbed into Port Health material that separates the construction area from the the cost of Offices, MRI rest of the premises physically. the project. and NIID • A safe pedestrian pathway to the other parts of the buildings should be provided if regular access along with the near corridors and the access roads are blocked. This is particularly applicable to the sites at the MRI, Colombo Port and the NIID. • Contractor’s vehicles should be parked only at permitted parking lots at times other than loading/unloading • Delineation devices such as cones, lights, tubular markers, barricades tapes, warning signposts, etc. should be erected to inform port/MRI/NIID users about work zones. • Appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing should be provided to workers, and the contractor must ensure those safe working methods are applied. • Machinery and equipment that could easily electrocute should be kept safely within the site and always under the supervision of an experienced worker.

Impacts due to the storage • Any hazardous waste shall be stored at the designated This item has Contractor DSC to report of hazardous substances place before disposal. The contractor shall ensure the already been PMU material safety data sheets of chemicals are posted in absorbed into conspicuous areas. the cost of the project. • Hazardous material, including oil and grease to be collected in leak-proof, properly-labelled containers and stored appropriately. Proper signs should be displayed for hazardous waste) and should be handed over to authorized third parties • Bins and/or skips shall be emptied regularly, and waste shall be disposed of at designated sites.

Supervision of work gangs • Labourers/workers should be given strict instructions to This item has Contractor PMU use sanitation facilities and receptacles for garbage already been collection at the site premises. absorbed into the cost of • Domestic solid waste collected should be disposed of the project. daily at a site given to them.

Clean-up operations, • It has to been noted that there are sewerage lines and This item has Contractor PMU restoration, and rehabilitation manholes located at backyards of NIID site premises. already been Any work should not damage these. absorbed into the cost of • All the sites and the peripheral areas should be cleaned the project. by the contractor as part of the work and restore to its original condition.

During Operational Stage

General maintenance of • The Port Health Offices located at the port premises This item has Contractor Port Health facilities shall be supplied with uninterrupted electricity supply, already been Offices in water supplies and telecommunication facilities by the absorbed into consultation SLPA – especially for the building proposed to be used the cost of the with the SLPA project. as the Port Health Office at the Trincomalee port, which MRI and NIID,

has no utility connections at the moment. The health as needed office located at the MRI and Ward 4 of the NIID are part of institutions operated under the MOH, and such supply of utilities are already established. • Telecommunication facilities will include wired as well as wireless communication devices and services.

Health and safety due to • A properly designed wastewater collection systems are This item has Contractor Port Health generation, collection, already been Offices, MRI planned for all the six sites. It has to be ensured that all PHI of the storage, and disposal of absorbed into and NIID, as wastewater (black water and grey water) is connected to CEBH to check waste the existing sewer systems (at the four ports premises the cost of the case may and the NIID, and MRI is connected to the municipal the project. be common sewer system).

Health and safety due to • Infectious waste should be collected separately and This item has Contractor Port generation, collection, already been Health autoclaved at the point of generation. Once disinfected, PHI of the storage, and disposal of absorbed into Offices, the waste would leave the port health office in an CEBH to healthcare waste the cost of MRI and infectious health-care waste container. At the NIID and check the MRI, healthcare waste collection, storage, the project. NIID treatment, and final disposal should integrate into the overall HCW management of the NIID and MRI. • Containers for infectious waste should not be placed in public areas. • Waste bins should be located as close as possible to sinks and washing facilities. • Containers should be of similar size to overcome the observed tendency for staff to put waste in the largest receptacle. • Where possible, hazardous waste generated in medical areas should be stored in utility rooms, which are designated for cleaning equipment, dirty linen, and waste.

Occupational Health and • Frequently touched surfaces throughout the reception area safety of the staff of the and waiting areas should be cleaned and sanitized health offices regularly. • All health care staff who come into contact with persons who are being examined at the quarantine unit should wear appropriate PPE (boots, apron, long-sleeved gown, thick gloves, mask, and goggles or a face shield) and perform hand hygiene after removing it. Careful and continuous use of the relevant health & safety equipment (gloves, masks etc.) – an important measure here is to make sure that the workers are removing masks and gloves without getting in contact with them; usually, this means with the help of someone else. Protective equipment for eyes is also beneficial for avoiding infections. • Uniforms should be daily changed - cleaning of work clothes and shoes is minimizing the possibility of dispersing the virus in the air – make sure not to shake clothes – wash them at a temperature of at least 60 ° C with common detergents, add disinfectants if possible. • Put a disposable set of gloves, on a daily basis, in direct contact with skin, before wearing usual work gloves. • Bathrooms should be cleaned and disinfected at least once a day. The healthcare staff should have separate toilets and bathrooms (which should never be used by infected persons). Ensure yellow bags are correctly closed and tied with an overhand balloon knot so that they are leak-proof before being moved. • Hazardous/contaminated waste should be collected in yellow bags and should be placed in a container with a secure lid.

• All sharps containers should be fully closed and placed in a bag and then in a container. Preferably, single-use disposable sharps containers should be used in place of reusable sharps containers. • Single-use gloves (nitrile or latex) and gowns should be discarded after each use and not reused • Well-trained permanent staff are responsible for packaging waste to transport for treatment facilities. • Each bag must be hand-tied by gathering and twisting the neck of the bag and using a tie or hand knot to secure the bag, and each container must be securely closed. • Improperly packaged containers or damaged containers will be denied pick up until packed them properly. • Bins used for disposing of infectious waste must be disinfected before reuse by any means effective for the infectious substance the container previously contained. • Direct contact (without gloves) with bins or bags should be avoided in any case. • Have proper plans in case of emergencies: The HCF needs to have procedures in place for how staff should deal with accidents and emergencies. Generally written procedures for first aid should be developed and made available to all staff, so they know the first things to do, and who to call or notify in case of minor cuts and bruises, major wounds, or skin contamination. • Tackling chemical and biological spills: The Health offices should have proper procedures in place to tackle minor chemical and biological spills as well as major spills. Anything beyond a minor spill, and that requires help from outside of the health office constitutes a major spill. Steps to deal with major spills include alerting coworkers, moving

to a safe location, and calling authorities to report the situation should be clearly described. • General safety. In establishing a safety management programme, it is essential to appoint a responsible supervisor. The health office should have a safety manual that establishes policy and describes standard procedures for handling safety and emergency issues. Personnel need to be trained in how to apply safety practices and techniques and to be aware of potential hazards.

D. Environmental Monitoring Plan

Table 4.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan Parameters to be Impact/mitigation Location Measurement Frequency Responsibility monitored Pre-construction and Construction Stage

Air-borne particulate matter and Air-borne particle in Construction site Visual observation of dust in Daily - Contractor air quality deterioration due to the air the air Continuous demolition, construction work, Dust collected at the Nearby rooms stockpiling, and movement of windowsills of the and buildings Feedback from neighbouring Weekly PMU vehicles nearby rooms, and offices for the four sites at the buildings ports and the MRI, and hospital facilities and wards at the NIID Controlling noise and vibration Noise and vibration At the boundary Qualitative observation of Daily - Contractor levels due to excavation, levels of the site Noise/Vibration level Continuous construction work and premises (Ward movement of heavy vehicles 4) at the NIID Feedback from port Weekly PMU authorities, other staff at the Outside the Port MRI and NIID Health offices at the four sites at ports and the MRI Containment of contamination Storage of potential Storage areas Inspection of the site for the Daily Contractor contaminants and adequacy of contamination any spills control measures, the possibility of contamination Proper disposal of construction Collection, storage Construction site, Inspection of the site for Daily Contractor waste (non-hazardous) and disposal of non- areas of waste availability of waste collection hazardous waste storage bins, records of waste removed from the site, an inspection of disposal sites

Events of open burning of waste Impacts due to labourers Complaints from Site premises Inspection of the activities of Daily Contractor other staff at the labour gangs, feedback from ports, MRI and NIID staff of the ports, MRI and NIID Collection and disposal of MSW Occupational health and safety Records of Site premises Visual inspection of the site, Daily Contractor issues accidents adequacy of signage and delineation barriers, number of accidents and complaints registered in the GRM

Complaints registered in the Records of - Nature of complaint and Daily PMU GRM complaints providing a proper solution

Operational stage Proper collection and disposal Leaking drains and Wastewater Any signs of leaking drains Daily PHI of the Port of wastewater pipelines, collection gulleys and pipelines, overflowing of Health Office overflowing of and sewers drains and manholes and the NIID drains and manholes Microorganisms and Monitoring tube Test the groundwater Semi- PHI of the Port chemical presence well located at samples collected using the annual Health Office 20–25 m away monitoring tube well from the soakage pit

Proper collection, storage, and Method of Port Health Inappropriate methods or Daily Medical Officer disposal of construction waste collection, sorting, Offices and lapses in methods collection, of Port Health (hazardous) storage, and Ward 4 of the sorting, storage, and disposal Office, and disposal of HCW NIID of HCW Ward 4 of NIID

PHI of the Port Health Office Occupational Health and Safety • Emergency Port Health Regular review of emergency Continuous PHI of the Port Issues procedures Offices and preparedness procedures Health Office • Events of Ward 4 of the and the NIID chemical spills NIID Regular review of emergency • Events of response procedures biological spills Washrooms, • Events of other waste storage Regular review of emergency emergencies areas and events, log entries, and such as fires peripheral areas safety logs and reports • General safety of the port health issues, including offices and the Stocks of consumables ventilation and NIID. needed to be used during tidiness emergencies and spill events, firefighting equipment, etc., checks for their expiry dates

Indoor air quality

Quality control procedures as outlined in Standard Practices

V. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

A. Conclusion

125. The field visits conducted observed that the proposed interventions are limited to renovations, rehabilitation, and repair work at all six sites. All the interventions are confined and will be carried out within the interior boundaries of the existing buildings (Port Health Offices at Colombo, Galle, Trincomalee and Hambantota Port and the MRI and Ward 4 of the NIID. None of the sub-projects will involve any extensions of existing buildings. The sub- project sites are located inside the four ports, MRI, and Ward 4 of the NIID. 126. It is evident that most of the environmental issues during the construction phase is related to localized and temporary impacts such as (i) elevated levels of dust, noise, vibration, (ii) pollution due to solid waste disposal including potentially hazardous components such as construction debris and waste, and (iii) risk of occupational health and safety for construction workers and other occupants of port premises, MRI and the NIID. All these impacts can be minimized and mitigated with the adequate implementation of the provisions given in the EMP. 127. As documented in this DDR, the current practices of hazardous health care waste management in the Port Health Offices, MRI and the NIID need closer attention. While a good attempt is made at segregating waste according to the category at the point of generation, the segregation is not maintained throughout. Finally, the waste is handed over to third parties. With the increased collection of clinical and infectious waste once the facilities of the Port Health Offices are established, it is bound to raise the risks for public health and environment. 128. Findings of the DDR confirm that the positive impacts of implementing the interventions proposed far outweigh any negative impacts. None of the environmental impacts identified is irreversible and widespread; instead, they are localized, temporary in nature. With good site management and safety practices, these impacts can be effectively managed. Stakeholder consultations reveal that the port health offices should have proper facilities, including isolation areas (as in the case of NIID), to face future threats of infectious diseases entering the country via points of entry, especially to combat the COVID-19 pandemic in the country. As such, the project will be a positive step towards providing better health services at points of entry, the country as well as prepare the country to face emerging health sector challenges successfully in the coming decades.

B. Recommendations

129. Therefore, the DDR recommends that : (i) The proposed interventions at the six sub-project locations are carried out as planned, giving particular attention in implementing the EMP and the EMoP, which is essential to make sure that any environmental impacts are effectively mitigated. (ii) Short and long term healthcare waste management plans need to be established at the institutional level at each of the Port Health Offices (as well as at the NIID). There is an urgent need to implement the HCWM action plan and scale up healthcare waste management, by preparing HCWM plans for each facility, setting up of monitoring procedures, and strengthening capacity at all the health offices.

ANNEX 1: ENVIRONMENTAL CHECKLIST USED FOR THE SCREENING OF EACH SITE

Name of subproject: Sri Lanka: Health system enhancement project Refurbishments proposed for Quarantine Units at Points of entry, Medical Research Institute, and Ward 4 of National Institute of Infectious Diseases Basic Information on the Health Care Facility (HCF) • Name of the HCF Port Health Offices at Points of entry, Medical Research Institute, and Ward 4 of National Institute of Infectious Diseases • Location • Port health Office at MRI, Borella • Ward 4 of National Institute of Infectious Diseases • Port health Office at Colombo Port • Port health Office at Trincomalee Port • Port health Office at Galle Port • Port health Office at Hambantota Port • Type of HCF Port Health Offices NIID is a Base Hospital: High service level hospital focused on infection control, HIV, and other Infectious Diseases • Number of beds and bed No beds at any of the port offices at present occupancy rate Ward No. 4 has around 30 beds (Occupancy Rate: 90–100%) • No of outpatients a day - • No of staff At each Port Health Office (3–7) • Proposed rehabilitation Renovations, rehabilitation and repair work at the Port Health Units interventions and the Ward 4 of the NIID • Contact person in the HCF Dr. S. K. Hewawitharana (Chief Medical Officer/Assistant Port Health Office/Medical Research Institute/ Colombo - 08 Dr. W. M. Wickramasinghe (Chief Medical Officer/Port Health office/ Colombo Port) Dr. M. Thamaranath (Chief Medical Officer/Port Health office/ Hambantota Port) Dr. J. P. Sriyani (Chief Medical Officer/Port Health office/ Galle Port) Dr. R. T. Nilogen (Actg. Chief Medical Officer/Port Health office/ Trincomalee Port) Dr. Hasitha Attanayake (Director, NIID)

PART I

B. General construction-related impacts Screening Questions Yes No Remarks C. Project screening Is the project site within or adjacent to any of the following areas? • Densely populated area X The renovation and repair works shall be only within • Cultural heritage site X the existing premises, and no extension of buildings • Protected Area X are proposed. • Wetland X • Mangrove X • Estuarine X • Buffer zone of protected area X • Special area for protecting X biodiversity D. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the project involve or cause…

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks Encroachment on historical/cultural X areas? Encroachment on precious ecology X (e.g. sensitive or protected areas)? Unsatisfactory raw water supply X The port health offices, MRI and NIID obtain water Conflicts in abstraction of water with X from the NWSDB. There is no abstraction of water. other beneficial water uses of the same sources Over pumping of groundwater X Increase in production of general X General waste production will not be increased. solid waste Increase in production of hazardous X No increase in the production of hazardous waste is waste envisaged. Increased sewage flow X Increase in sewage flow will be minimal. Generation of sludge from waste X Sludge will be generated from toilets, sinks and floor treatment plants and other equipment cleanings, however, the quantities will not increase. Use of or dismantling of structures X Asbestos roofing sheets and ceiling sheets are that contain Asbestos expected to be dismantled at the NIID premises, Colombo and Trincomalee sites. Noise and dust from construction X Dust emissions can occur during demolition, and other activity? repair works are in progress. Noise generation is not significant due to small-scale renovation/repair work. Soil erosion and silt runoff from X Soil erosion and silt runoff would not occur. construction activity? Accident risks associated with X Construction vehicle movements will be minimal. All increased vehicular traffic? construction vehicles shall not be allowed to move outside of the demarcated construction area. Increased noise and air pollution X Only during construction, the duration which is short resulting from increased traffic (approx. 3–4 months). volume? Risks and vulnerabilities related to X Due to the nature of small-sale construction, risks and occupational health and safety due to vulnerabilities related to occupational health and physical hazards during project safety due to physical hazards during project construction and operation? construction is minimal. Requirements for disposal of fill, X Filling of the sites is not needed. excavation, and/or spoil materials? Loss of large trees (more than 30 cm There are no trees to be removed DBH); how many? Long-term impacts on groundwater X No impacts envisaged. flows as result of needing to drain the project site prior to construction? Long-term impacts on local hydrology X as a result of building hard surfaces in or near the building? Large population influx during project X No impacts envisaged. construction and operation that causes increased burden on social infrastructure and services (such as water supply and sanitation systems)? Risks to community safety caused by X The renovation/repair works to the building will be fire, electric shock, or failure of the within the existing premises. There is no significant building’s safety features during risk to community safety. operation? Risks to community health and safety X Mismanagement of waste and ad-hoc dumping are caused by management and disposal characterized by the scattered, uncontrolled deposit of of waste? wastes at a site. Health-care waste should not be

Screening Questions Yes No Remarks deposited on or around uncontrolled dumps. The risk to people and animals coming into contact with infectious pathogens or hazardous materials is obvious, with the further risk of subsequent disease transmission through direct contact, wounds, inhalation, or ingestion, as well as indirectly through the food chain or a pathogenic host species Procurement of x-ray machines or X Not applicable any other equipment containing radioactive material Procurement of incinerators? X Not applicable Is siting and/or routing of the project X No impact. (or its components) likely to be affected by climate conditions including extreme weather-related events such as floods, droughts, storms, landslides?

Part II Health care waste assessment (for the existing NIID; at all other health offices, the quantities are small) Generation

Source Waste type14 General Sharps Infectious Chemical Pathological Pharmaceutical OPD - √ √ - - - Medical ward √ √ √ - - - Surgical ward Not relevant Theatre Not relevant ETU Not relevant Laboratory √ √ √ √ - - Pharmacy/ √ - - - - √ Drug store Labor room Not relevant Other ------kg/day 80 kg/day 1.1 kg/day 22 kg/day 5 kg/day 0.056 kg/day Waste Segregation

Questions Yes No Description Is clinical waste segregated from general √ No segregation waste? If yes, into which categories are General waste √ HCW separated? General Infectious waste √ sharps √ Clinical, Sharps, Glass Pathological waste Polythene + Paper, General waste other

14 Sharps: items that could cause cuts or puncture wounds, including needles, hypodermic needles, scalpel and other blades, knives, infusion sets, saws, broken glass, and nails; Pathological waste: consisting of tissues, organs, body parts, human fetus and animal carcasses, blood, and body fluids; Infectious waste: suspected to contain pathogens (bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi) in sufficient concentration or quantity to cause disease in susceptible hosts. Chemical waste: consists of discarded solid, liquid, and gaseous chemicals, used for diagnostic and experimental work and for cleaning, housekeeping, and disinfecting procedures; Pharmaceutical waste: expired, unused, spilt, and contaminated pharmaceutical products, drugs, vaccines, and sera that are no longer required and need to be disposed of; Radioactive waste: waste that contains radioactive material. 76

Questions Yes No Description Where does the segregation take place? Segregation is done within the wards and units

What type of bags/primary containers are Polythene bags are used according to the standard colour used in segregating wastes? code, Wheeled, paddled primary containers with lids are used according to the colour code and required sizes What type of labelling/colour coding is Clinical, Sharps, Glass, Polythene + Paper, General waste are used in segregation segregated and collected in bags and labelled according to the standard colour code What types of equipment are used for Different carts are used as per the standard colour code internal transport of wastes? Where is the segregated waste stored In a detached small building with separate rooms for different until final disposal? types of waste Describe the final disposal method Sharps Incineration Infectious waste Incineration Pathological waste - General waste Food waste – Local Authority/Open burning at the hospital premises Recyclable waste – Local Authority/ Recyclers/ Open burning at the hospital premises Mixed waste – Local Authority/ Open burning at the hospital premises Garden waste – Burying/Open burning at the hospital premises Waste handling and Treatment

Equipment Yes No Description/ Location (within Status (used/ functioning Capacity/ Number hospital or nearest or not) of units facility with approximate distance) Incinerator √ Metamizer √ Autoclave √ Within hospital Functioning Lined burial pits √ Unlined burial pits √ Waste cards √ Colour-coded waste √ Within hospital Functioning bins Waste storage space √ Within hospital Functioning Waste handling

Questions Yes No Remarks Is there a designated person (s) responsible for √ organization and management of waste collection, handling, storage, and disposal at the hospital administration level? Does the waste management staff have job descriptions √ detailing their tasks? Has he/she received any training on hospital waste √ management? Are there clearly defined procedures for collection and √ handling of wastes from specified units in the hospital? Does your hospital have a written Waste Management √ Plan? Are waste handlers provided with adequate personal √ protective equipment (PPE)

Water supply and sewerage

Questions Yes No Remarks Does the hospital have a sewer treatment plant? If √ 40–50 years back, and has been renovated not, is it disposed to on-site soakage pt.? in 2019 If a sewer treatment is available, when was it built? Does the HCF have a water supply provided by √ drinking water scheme? Is the water treated? √ Is the water supply adequate? √ Does the HCF have Reverse Osmosis units for √ treating raw water supply? Screening decision and recommendation

Sub project A B C X All potentially adverse effects can be classified as general construction-related impacts and can be mitigated with known technology. Standard clinical waste management practices shall be adopted for storage and disposal of clinical waste. Public concern does not warrant further assessment. Therefore, a Due Diligence Report is sufficient. Any other Recommendations for - Waste segregation should be done at each chamber of the lab. improving health care - All waste should be disinfected before transport to a central storage facility at the waste management hospital premises - All health care waste produced during the care of patients with infectious diseases should be collected safely in designated containers and bags, treated, and then safely disposed of or treated, or both, preferably onsite. - Wastewater from washing basins, floor cleanings, toilets need to be disinfected and autoclaved before discharge to pits - Waste generates from patients with infectious diseases should not burn in an open environment. Waste can be autoclaved and transported to incinerator until an incinerator is established at the hospital premises. - HCWM training needs to be provided to each category of staff - Pedal-operated waste collection bins with liners should be available at point of use in healthcare facilities as the preferred choice. In the absence of pedal- operated waste bins, bins with swinging lids can opt as the alternative. Otherwise, open waste containers are better than those which require physical opening/covering by hands. Collection bins need to be provided according to the national colour-code for waste segregation. Waste bin coding/labelling is vital to identify infectious healthcare waste and home-based materials to prevent infection. Waste bin liners should also be procured. - Waste record-keeping is essential to understand how much waste is generated per day. - Storage location to cater for large volumes, transport mechanism in decontaminated trucks and final disposal arrangements through incineration and autoclaves should be arranged in advance. - Ensure the safe collection, treatment and final disposal of patient faeces and wastewater from screening and treatment HCFs. - Ensure availability of clean and adequate toilets or latrines, dedicated for assigned medical/non-medical staff who are working in the health offices

Details of the person conducting screening

Screening checklist completed by Date October 03, 2020 Jagath Manatunge, Environmental Specialist

Signature Name/ Designation/ Contact information

Screening report reviewed and approved by Date

Name/ Designation/ Contact information Signature

Annex 2: Photographs taken at each sub-project location Annex 2 (i): Ward 4 of the NIID

The wooded partitions to be replaced with All the interior wooden doors and windows to aluminium frames be replaced with aluminium ones

The wooded partition to be replaced with The wooded partition to be replaced with aluminium. The walls to be tiled and the floor aluminium. The walls to be tiled and the floor to be repaired to be repaired

The corridor on the first floor gets wet during The corridor on the first floor gets wet during rains. A louvre to partially cover the openings rains. A louvre to partially cover the openings are needed are needed

The staircase needs repair and tiling. The The staircase located in the far end of the louvres need replacement building needs tiling, repairs and repainting

The nurses' restroom needs repairs and fitted The entrance lobby to provided ith a proper with a pantry reception counter, areas for record-keeping

The staff changing room needs to be renovated The minor staff restroom needs repairs and and repaired. fitted with a pantry

The ceiling needs replacement The ceiling is in a dilapidated state

The wastewater pipelines, catch pits, manholes The water supply and wastewater pipelines need extensive repairs need to be replaced.

The internal windows, doors, fanlights, exhaust Toilets need extensive repairs, replacement of fans, etc. should be replaced in all the rooms sanitaryware, plumbing. The fanlight need to e replaced with aluminium louvres

The asbestos roofing sheets on the corridors The floor of the corridor needs to be repaired need replacement and concretes.

Annex 2 (i): Port Health Office at MRI, Borella

The pantry located in a confined space Lack of space for storage

The AC ducts are not properly fixed Lighting and AC ducts not installed properly

The ceiling needs repairs and termite attacks on Damp walls and lack of proper storage for the walls and the ceiling documents

Toilets need repairs and new plumping works The entrance lobby is disorganized, and need proper tile flooring and an entrance canopy

No notice board is available, and signboards are The entrance door, counter, and the not prominent; waiting area needs an uplift countertop have to be redesigned.

Annex 2 (iii): Port Health Office at Colombo Port

The medical officers’ quarters need repairs and The on-call room of the medical officers need renovation, including the timber floor repairs and renovation

Office space of the health office needs The toilet and the bathroom of the health office partitioning and repair to walls, timber floor (first floor) needs renovation and door/windows

There are spaces that need proper partitioning The pantry needs extensive renovation

The corridor and the waiting area needs The entrance lobby and the staircase needs renovation, including the walls renovation and repairs, including tiling

Isolation room on the ground floor needs Isolation room need to be partitioned and partitioning renovated

The entrance to the building looks very shabby, The frontal area of the building is very untidy unsafe and there are no signboards and unclean and disorganized.

The staircase, louvres over the stairs, entrance to the health office building, needs extensive renovation, and a canopy is needed at the entrance. The floors should be properly tiled.

The entrance to the isolation room, entrance lobby and the toilets need repairs including plumbing and electrical rewiring.

Annex 2 (iv): Port Health Office at Galle Port

The office space needs partitioning and new The counter should be properly redesigned doors and windows

The ceiling is in a dilapidated state, and repair is The ceiling, light and electric fittings should be needed replaced

The entrance to the building needs a canopy The counter, counter area and the canopy and a waiting area for the visitors needs repairs and windows to be replaced

The canopy needs repairs The canopy and the entrance lobby of the building

The walls are damp, and replastering is needed The damp walls and damaged areas need repairs

The toilets need repairs and plumbing work; internal doors need replacement, and the isolation room needs to be renovated.

Annex 2 (v): Port Health Office at MRI, Hambantota Port

The office space needs reorganization and re- A reception and a service counter is needed partition here

The doctor’s accommodation needs The doctor’s accommodation needs partitioning partitioning

The entrance to the health office needs proper Entrance lobby to the building can be used as signboards and directions and a notice board the waiting area for the health office

The toilets need minor repairs, and the entrance lobby needs plastering and painting

Annex 2 (vi): Port Health Office at Trincomalee Port

The entrance to the passenger jetty area, a The first and second floors of this building are proper signboard is needed for the health office proposed for the port health office

The first floor – aluminium partition to be The entrance to the first-floor area and location removed and the floor to be divided into two of the toilets. A new toilet will also be built sections: one section as the consultation room here. and the other divided into two isolation rooms

The second floor of the building where the The second floor – aluminium partitions to be offices are proposed. replaced with half walls with windows, and the floor area to be partitioned to be used as offices

The ceiling of the building needs renovation The ceiling of the building is in a dilapidated state

The entrance to the building is through a The staircase needs to be covered with louvres staircase located at one side of the building. A so that high winds from the sea is prevented. canopy is needed here.

The frontal part of the building to be covered The frontal area of the building with a screed concrete pad

The toilets on the first floor need extensive repairs, new appliances, and plumbing. The staircase needs tiling. The two floors have to be tiled. The location of the water tank where a new elevated tank will be built. This water tank is shared with the Customs Office on the ground floor and the police station in the adjoining building.